Mutation Worksheet.2016

Name: ______Date: ______Hour: ______

BIOLOGY A Mutation Worksheet.2016

Mutations are changes in DNA. They may be large mutations that involve entire chromosomes, or large parts of chromosomes. They also may be a difference of as little as one base pair in DNA! A little change can make a huge difference to an organism. The image below describes mutations of a large part of DNA, but the same type of mutation can happen in a single gene, too. Small mutations of one to three base pairs of DNA are referred to as point mutations, and mutations of large parts of a chromosome, or a whole chromosome, are referred to as chromosomal mutations.

Keep in mind that the image is simply a drawing, and does not represent chromosomes and genes. Chromosomes can have thousands of genes. The areas labeled A through H are just regions, or parts, of a chromosome, not individual genes.

Use the information in the image below to answer the analysis questions:

1 1. A mutation is defined as a change in the ______of an organism. (1)

2. Mutations can involve an entire ______, or just a ______. (1)

3. Sometimes chromosomes break, and the broken parts attach to a different chromosome. This type of mutation is called ______. (1)

4. If a sequence of base pairs on a non-mutated chromosome is ACC GTC TAT, and the sequence of base pairs on the same chromosome in a different individual is ACC ACC GTC TAT, you know that a ______mutation has occurred. (1)

5. If a segment of a chromosome disappears, what type of mutation has occurred? ______(1)

6. A normal chromosome has a base sequence of AGC TAT TTA GGC GAT. A mutated chromosome of the same type has the base sequence of AGC TAT ATT GGC GAT. What type of mutation has occurred? ______(1)

7. The reading frame of a DNA molecule is ______bases, and each reading frame codes for one ______. (2)

8. Name two things that can cause mutations: (2) 1) ______2) ______