Chapter 19 Section 1: the Italian Renaissance

Name Date Period

Chapter 19 Section 1: The Italian Renaissance (pages 554-564)

1. (p. 554) Look at the timeline at the bottom of page 554. Answer the following questions: A. How long after Marco Polo traveled to China did the Ming Dynasty begin? ______B. What event happened in Europe at about the same time as the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople?______C. How many years separated Martin Luther’s criticism of the Catholic Church in the Ninety-Five Theses and the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire? ______

2. (P. 555) Look at the picture of Venice. How do you think Venice’s location affected the daily lives of people? ______

3. (p. 558) Locate “The Big Idea” in the margin of page 558. Copy it in the box below:

4. (p. 558) Read “Building Background” and consider the Big Idea. Why

did people enjoy art, literature, and learning more in the late 1300’s? ______5. (p. 558) Even though the Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe, which statement best describes a positive outcome of the Plague: A. Because farms, ships, and gold were destroyed, more people became wealthy. B. Workers wages (pay) increased because they were in greater demand. C. Prices began to increase fewer goods and services were available. D. Foreign trade decreased and helped local merchants earn more money. E. None of the above

6. (p. 559) Which of the following statements is true? A. The Silk Road reopened for trade when the Mongols made it safe to travel again. B. Marco Polo spent 20 years in Asia before returning to Venice with ideas such as paper money and coal for fuel. C. Marco’s book helped promote Asian goods in Europe. D. All of the above.

7. (pages 559-560) Look at the map on page 559 and read “Trade Cities in Italy.” Complete the following chart: Important Italian Renaissance Cities City Important Items for Trade or Manufacture Port city with spices and Asian luxuries; manufactured glass Genoa Florence Produced weapons and silk.

8. (pages 560-561) Read the section “Florence.” Answer the following questions: A. Which banking family became the leaders of Florence? ______B. How did banking families become so wealthy? ______C. Describe at least one way the Medici family improved the city of Florence. ______

9. (p. 561) Define: Renaissance - ______

10. (p. 561) Circle the subjects that you think are “humanities.” (Hint: Not all are listed in your book!) Greek calculus philosophy Latin biology history art literature

11. (p. 561) Define: Humanism - ______12. (p. 562) Italian Writers: Summarize your findings Niccolo Machiavelli Known for: Dante Alighieri Known for:

13. Dante’s The Circles of Hell – Circle which level seems worst to you. 1st – Limbo: Unbaptized; all those who do not accept Christ 2nd - Those overcome by lust are punished in this circle. These souls are blown about to and fro by a violent storm, without hope of rest. 3rd - Cerberus guards the gluttons, forced to lie in the mud under continual cold rain and hail whilst being forced to consume their own excrement. 4th - The avaricious or miserly, who hoarded possessions, and the prodigal, who squandered them. Guarded by Plutus, each group pushes a great weight against the heavy weight of the other group. After the weights crash together the process starts over again. 5th - In the swamp-like water of the river Styx, the wrathful fight each other on the surface, and the sullen or slothful lie gurgling beneath the water. 6th - Heretics are trapped in flaming tombs. 7th - This circle houses the violent. Its entry is guarded by the Minotaur, and it is divided into three rings: Outer ring, housing the violent against people and property, who are immersed in Phlegethon, a river of boiling blood. Middle ring: In this ring are the suicides, who are transformed into gnarled thorny bushes and trees. They are torn at by the Harpies. Inner ring: The violent against God (blasphemers), the violent against nature (sodomites), and the violent against art (usurers), all reside in a desert of flaming sand with fiery flakes raining from the sky. 8th - The fraudulent—those guilty of deliberate, knowing evil 9th - Traitors, distinguished from the "merely" fraudulent in that their acts involve betraying one in a special relationship to the betrayer, are frozen in a lake of ice known as Cocytus.

14. (p. 563) Read “Two Masters” and look at the information on the bottom of p. 563. Which two artists are masters? ______and ______. Do you think any modern artists (music, actors, writers, etc.) are masters? Who? ______What makes them masters? ______