Study Guide Test 6

What are the functions of the kidney?

Review the innervations of the micturition reflex

Define:

Micturition

Nephron

Glomerulus

Internal and external urethral sphincter ( and how are they controlled?)

Countercurrent multiplier

Net filtration pressure

Reabsorption

Secretion

Obligatory water loss

Glycosuria

PAH (purpose)

GFR

Renal plasma clearance

Know the structure of the nephron and tubular system

Know the structure/function of the filtration barrier in the glomerulus What are the responses of the afferent arteriole to sympathetic stimulation or hypotension or hypertension?

What is renal autoregulation and how does it affect the afferent arteriole and GFR:

--if BP increases?

--if BP decreases?

Review what happens to Na, Cl and H2O in the loop of henle

Which part of the loop is impermeable to water? Salt?

Trace the osmolarity of the filtrate as it passes through the tubular system.

How is urea transported in the collecting duct?

With respect to Renal Plasma Clearance and GFR:

What happens when a substance is filtered and secreted?

What happens when a substance is filtered only?

What is the purpose of diuretics? And what effect does loop and Thiazide diuretics have on the nephron?

What is the function of aldosterone? What stimulates its release? What is the function of rennin? What stimulates its release?

Give examples of autoimmune diseases of the kidney.

What are some of the effects of renal insuffiency?

Changes in BP and blood volume are detected where?

How do the kidneys respond to acidosis?

Alkalosis?

**go over the blood flow through the kidney, starting with the renal artery and ending with the renal vein.**

Chapter 20

FSH stimulates what in the male? Female?

LH stimulates what in the male? Female?

What happens to these hormones after menopause?

Define:

Spermatogenesis

Oogenesis

Spermiogenesis Spermiation

Ovulation

Primary follicle

Secondary follicle

Graffian follicle

Epididymus

Prostate

Seminal vesicles

Polar body

In males, what occurs(is formed) after: mitosis

Meiosis I

Meiosis II

What is the best form of contraception?

What is in contraceptive pills?

What is the rhythm cycle?

Compare the phases of the uterine and ovarian cycles and which overlap.

What triggers ovulation?