Chapters the American Pageant 34-35

Unit 13 (2 weeks ) WW II 1933-1945 Chapters The American pageant 34-35 Quiz on each Chapter, Objective test chapters 34-35 Short response test 34-35 DBQ 1 WORLD WAR II 2.0 weeks

Organizing Principles - World War II and the New Deal philosophy that the government was a legitimate agent of social welfare became firmly embedded in the American mind.

Topics: (1930s foreign policy, neutrality, World War II (political, economic, social consequences], strategies and battles, post-war demobilization, Fair Deal, Red Scare, Unit 13 Chapter 34 1938 Conquest of the FDR and the Shadow of War Sudantland and Czechoslovakia Time Line 1939 German Soviet Non 1898 Spanish American War – Aggression Pact Philippines 1939 Invasion of Poland – Britain 1905 Russo Japanese War --- Korea and France declare war on Germany 1914-18 WW I 1939 U.S. Military Build Up within 1917-1926 Intervention the U.S. 1922 Benito Mussolini comes to 1940 Germany Invades power France 1931 Spanish monarchy replaced by 1940– 41 Battle of Britain republic 1940 destroyers for bases Lend 1931 Japan Invade Manchuria Lease Act 1932 Nazi party comes to power 1940 Rome Berlin Tokyo Axis 1932 Japan occupies and controls 1941 Germany Invades Russia Manchuria 1941Pearl Harbor 1933 Hitler Becomes Chancellor 1942 Tokyo Raid 1934 Hitler become Fuehrer and 1942 battle for the Coral Sea - military swears allegiance to Midway him 1942 Invasion of Africa and the 1935 Italy conquers Ethiopia drive out of the Germans 1936 Germany reoccupies the 1943 Stalingrad/Kursk Rhineland 1943 Invasion of Italy --Mussolini 1936 U.S. Congress declares Executed/Italy is out neutrality 1944 Invasion of France by 1937 Spanish Civil war Begins lead Allies at by Franco 1944/45 battle of the bulge 1937 Japan attacks Nanking and 1945 Berlin invaded Hitler Shanghai commits suicide/Germany 1938 Anchultz Conquest of Austria surrenders by Germany 1945 2 A bombs dropped on goal was to create a new Italy or a new Japan ROME to once again bring civilization 1945 Russia declares war on Japan to the world – he hoped to create a 1945 Japan Surrenders to U.S. nation of hard workers who were physically fit – intellectually sharp – The Build up disciplined and intellectually sharp. Why Italy? He did manage to also– major Why Mussolini? economic reforms-- The birth of Fascism (extreme Built railroads and created jobs nationalism) In the 1920 as a result And he fed the people – of economic depression – political Women were expected to stay home and instability and the results of WW I cook and have babies. Fascist believed (ie. No land gained from helping the that the family was the pillar of the state allies) Why Benito Mussolini Il Duce 1935 he attacked Ethiopia – because End of WW I Italy did not get part Italy lost to Ethiopia in the 1800’s the Austrian empire Almost joined Germany– He was a totalitarian and a fascist – Mussolini began the fascist but he knew that he could not win a movement in Italy – started out European War and questioned an looking like it would fail but the alliance with Hitler –based on the condition of the nation made it grounds that Germany in WW I back possible for the extremists to take out on supporting Austrian and power. High unemployment focused most of its attention to the Week government West Unemployed soldiers Mussolini chose the side of Franco in the He appealed to the people Spanish Civil War and wanted In 1919 and 1920 there were a lot of agricultural strikes that terrified the middle class and the industrial class – Germany the groups in which Mussolini appealed Why Hitler to the most – By 1922 he had gained enough support and his BLACK SHIRT Have students act out skit for the army was strong enough that he introduction of Hitler – use handout threatened to march on Rome – Fearful Born in Austria 1889 of an overthrow Victor Emanuel III Received the Iron Cross for bravery abdicated and gave power to Mussolini – in WW I he began his fascist state – individual 1920 leader of the NSDAP = NAZI rights were not to come before the party loyalty to the nation of Italy- developed 1923 attempted a putsch in Munich a secret police and began censorship –all and was arrested wrote mien kampf anti fascist parties were outlawed and from prison in 1 year out of a 20 tear members were placed in jail as political sentence prisoners – He began fascist youth Mein Kampf has 5 main points a organization that were based on military lays out Hitler’s plan and points out service and loyalty to ones nation – His the problems in Germany and it offers a solution to the problems. It jobs – Massive road and public also expresses the hatred of the works were built – Science research German people for their existing expanded – military and raw material situation resources were horded 1. Anti-Semitism –Jews are the Nazi youth camps were created declared enemy of the German which resembled the boy scouts state they are traitors to the German people and the “stab in -1934 he became the Fuhrer of the Dark” Germany (only 15% of the 2. Rejection of the Versailles Treaty population claimed to be Nazi )and and German war Quilt from 231 began to ignore the treaty of 3 Confiscation of illicit war profits Versailles – began to rebuild his – aimed at middle class Jews that military – owned business 1934 he supported the Franco forces 4 Protection of the middle class from big in the Spanish Civil War --- this was and corrupt business a testing ground or the Germany 5. Land redistribution of land to the tactics the BLITZ peasants 1936 re took the Rhineland without Powerful speaker – CULT OF opposition – and formed the Axis PERSONALITY alliance with Italy Fascist -- extreme nationalism 1938 Annexed Austria Late 1920 Nazi party has little power Anschluss (Sound OF Music) in German politics – the Depression invaded the Sudetenland and of the 1930’s would change that Czechoslovakia all of the was Unemployment rose 2.25 million or allowed by the nations of 25% of the labor force 1 in 4 was out Europe Appeasement – for the of work harsh treaty of WW I This was the hardest hit industrial 1938 Munich Conference – country by the depression Appeasement France and United 1930 The Nazi party gained 107 Kingdom did not want another war – seats in the Reichstag there nations were still recovering 1932 Nazi party was the largest party from the last one – Pacifist in the German Govt controlling 14.5 governments were in charge – million votes of only 35 million Chamberlain the Prime minister of voters the UK went to Munich and met with Jan 10 1933 Hitler is appointed Hitler to insure peace in Europe – Chancellor within 8 weeks Hitler This conference gave German the go purged all of his opposition mostly ahead to take over Czechoslovakia - communist from the govt. Used One year late German and the UK Brown Shirts By mid 1933 the Nazi would be at war with each other Party was the only legal party in 1939 -Non Aggression pact with Germany black or SS troops killed Russia- this was an agreement not to the Brown Shirts fight each other it also guaranteed From 1933 – 1936 Hitler and the the division of Poland 2/3 to Nazi party rebuilt the German Germany once it invaded and 1/3 to Economy – provided thousands of the Soviet Union once Germany invaded. This part of the agreement Spring 1940 Blitz on Belgium (EBEN was kept secret. Both Countries EMAEL) Netherlands Denmark and however knew war between each Norway and the Invasion of France and other was unavoidable – this pact the success of the Maginot Line – use was a delaying tactic for both sides atlas maps and highlight advances – go Why Japan over the evacuation of Dunkirk – Dunkirk evacuation A large force of British and French were cut off by a German armored advance to the Channel Spanish Civil War Over 330,000 Allied troops were America allows a Democracy to fall to evacuated by sea preserve its own interests first 1931 Spanish crown is overthrown Phony War Period by a parliamentary republic 1939 Operation Sea Lion A In 1936 pro royalists lead by plan similar to Napoleon’s a Francisco Franco – and supported century earlier – the Battle of by the Germans and Italians started Britain – Germany’s attempt to the Spanish Civil War – Russia not invade Great Britain and the wanting to see there Germans gain first real test of Prime Minister any more strength supported the Winston Churchill who republic and wanted a communist replaced Chamberlain ally in Spain--- the U.S. did not The Battle of Britain was fought choose side by hundreds of U.S. entirely in the air over England and the citizens volunteered to fight as the English Channel – the Use of the newly Abraham Lincoln Brigade – a leftist invented Radar by the British enabled group of Americans – who believed the smaller Raf to defeat the German that if Spain fell to fascism then Luftwaffa – thus successfully preventing France and England would be next Germany from invading England Franco Won June 1941 Operation Barabarrosa – No country questioned the Usage of This was a direct violation of the the New German military which had Non aggression Pact (Hitler followed been disbanded at the end of WW I the same invasion plan as Napoleon –even to depart in the spring in Spain however would not join Japan hopes of a quick victory) destruction Germany and Italy in WW II it along of 1 million Soviet troops and 2000 with Switzerland Sweden and Portugal Russian aircraft and why it was not would remain neutral as successful as it should have been Germany Invades – Bailing out the Italians in Greece – The Blitzkrieg This forced the German army to Sept 1939 Invasion of Poland divert troops to Greece that were Use map from Atlas and highlight need to obtain the objectives in with students Poland is divided Russia – German army is stopped results in the French and British outside of the Soviet Union’s major declaring war on Germany cities – Leningrad – Moscow and Stalingrad – “Stalin orders not another step back” Hitler orders no Escorted Ships in the Atlantic and gave surrender and no retreat. Britain Destroyers

Comment on the Fighting between United States Soviets and Germans also the size of Lead by FDR and later Truman the opposing armies The Government wanted to get into the war the people did not High point for German war effort People did not see the reason for June 1941 successful invaded Russia WWI – and did not want to get Yugoslavia (comment on Tito and is involved with the tribal conflicts of guerrilla tactics) and Greece – Europe Eastern Europe was now a Nazi German satellite Lebensraum – Two term ending FDR election Ukraine Romania Bulgaria and 1940 Hungary all became part of Germany Republicans had two choices Robert Taft (son) Wendell Willkie (German) France Democrats FDR Realized another war in Europe would Accused of being a dictator – A be fought on French Soil – Maginot maintaining election Line- Was unable to prevent the re arming of Germany and the occupation Acts of Neutrality or War of the Rhineland—Did not want war— London conference Promised to defend the Rights of Poland 1933 FDR chose domestic policy By the end of 1940 France was over foreign by refusing to attend controlled y Germany and a puppet Conference was designed to stabilize German Govt. ruled France—Part of the all currency in each nation at a level Army and its leaders fled across the to begin trade – FDR say this as a channel to England. threat to American recovery – as it would put the dollar under control of a new world market – Conference failed and extreme nationalism in England UK Europe was born Lead by Neville Chamberlain at first Philippines and Russia and then by Winston Churchill Far east was to expensive to maintain Sought to avoid war – wanted to stay out Tidings-McDuffie Act passed – of the European Problems—Munich granting Philippines independence in Peace Pact gave Hitler the Sudantland in 1946 and a U.S. Army but not Naval order to avoid War –this helped to cost pull out. Set the Philippines up for Chamberlain his Job and brought conquest in 1941-42 Also at the Winston Churchill to Prime Minister same time in 1933 FDR announced Churchill Prepared for War Promised to the existence of the USSR done to defend the rights of Poland get their help in pressure on Japan While the United Stats remained Neutral (1937 Russo/Japanese treaty) it did support he UK Good Neighbor U.S. would stay out of Europe andconcentrate on protecting the U.S. Entrance Western Hemisphere – promised non Review US support of the Allies in intervention in the America’s pulled 1940 – Atlantic Ocean escorts – out all U.S. troops – convinved the Lend Lease and Destroyers For America’s that the Monroe Doctrine Bases was now a protector of them as well and needed there help to keep the Dec 7 th 1941 – Pearl Harbor rising power of Germany out. Show clip from Tora Tora Tora Announced at the 7th Pan American Explain the detail of the battle a conference in Uruguay –Latin tactical victory a strategic defeat – America was sold Bonds and what the Japanese missed – Dry prospered under this. Docks – oil dump and munitions Reciprocal trade Agreement Act dump--3 carriers Created by Sec State Hull – trade is Conspiracy theory two ways and it became a presidential agreement so that it did not have to go through congress (FDR was given permission to lower tariffs by 50% new deal) 29 nations agreed and America was trading on the foreign market and climbing out of depression – it lead the way for American domination of trade after WW II

1936 Neutrality Act keep us out of foreign wars – and no American in time of a foreign war could sell munitions or sail on a belligerent ship Destroyers for Bases UK Use of bases in Caribbean for 99 years to protect Panama UK get 50 destroyers – U.S. chose sides no longer a 19th century gentlemen’s war

Lend Lease With U.K. and later Russia – weapons would be returned at the end of the war – like getting a used tire back $50 billion dollars in aid to the allies U.S. aid to the soviets prevented the Germans form sending supplies to fight in the battle of Britain Africa 1940 –41 Germans lead by Rommel the Desert Fox Conquered all of Chapter 35 Northern Africa From Egypt to the America In WW II 1941-45 Atlantic WW II can be divided into three November 1942 US and British troops chronological times and two drive Rommel out of Africa and by July geographical areas – 1943 they are in Italy By the end of July 1. 1939 –42 German and Japanese 43 Mussolini was hanged by his people Victories and by Sept 43 Italy surrendered – 2. 1942-43 Allied counterattack and the Germans in Italy continued to halting of Axis advances fight--- Monte Casino –and its bombing 3. 1944-45 the Allied advance to fighting thought the mountains (Nisei victory Japanese American unit 99th) by the end The two geographical areas are of 1944 Italy belonged to the allies Europe and the Pacific (GIVE BACK GROUND ON 1942 ROMMELL AND THE ATTEMPT Stalingrad and Kursk TO ASSASINATE HITLER) Show start of the enemy at the gate video Liberation of Europe These were the turning point in the war After having the Russians fight in in Europe and Russia’s first victories Europe sine 1939 the US lead allies Stalingrad cost the Germans an entire finally invaded mainland Europe in June army The attack on Stlaingrad started 1944-- Operation Overlord – D Day June with 300,000 German troops in 1943 a 6th year after the battles in around Show Clip form Saving Private Ryan Stalingrad began 90,000 Germans After fighting thought he Hedge surrendered of this number, 50,000 groves of France by Aug the allies would be killed or die from disease in reached Paris and liberated the City – Russian POW camps Show model of Sherman Tank Immediately following Stalingrad was the battle for KURSK – this was the Operation Market Garden and the world’s largest tank battle over a 10-mile importance of Bridges in the War front – 2,700 German tanks vs. 3,600 Show Film Clip form A Bridge to Russian tanks – it was a Russian Victory Far the early tank battle and the – ½ million German casualties and 1,500 Crossing of the Bridge tanks destroyed Bombing of Germany—mention Germany is pushed back all along the Russian Front –Stalin begs the allies to Memphis Bell and show clip form open up a second front in Europe (allies especially the US believe it is to early the film – show bomb run and they are not ready to invade – rather see the Germans and the Russians Kill photographs each other of Estimated 1000000 Americans to be Battle of the Bulge show on Map and KIA if Island invasion was needed Highlight explain the importance of air power and fuel and the end of the Rebuilding of Japan and Mac Arthur Third Reich Combine with Slid show from Power April 1945 Soviets surround Berlin Point Roosevelt Dies and Truman becomes And Bring in Books of Photographs president April 30th Hitler Suicide and marriage Eva Braun Set up for Cold War May 2nd Germany surrenders under After Affects of the War Admiral Donitz a non-Nazi Our enemies became our allies some of our allies became our enemies - Concentration Camps Germany and Japan would be rebuilt Show poster and reason for by the United States and Join the Concentration Camps show mop of U.S. in the Cols War against the locations Soviet Union

Show actual Army video footage and comment on the allowance of Jews to hunt down some of the German Guards – Nazi flight to South America – Nuremberg Trials

War with Japan Review Pearl Philippines The Battle of the Coral Sea and Midway – Show footage Australia and Burma Island Hoping and the battles for Guadalcanal and Tarawa – Explain Japanese honor code BUSHIDO- Iwo Jima and Okinawa

Show overhead maps of the island sizes and the island of Rabaul and the reason it was bypassed

Discuss the reason fro the A bombs Enola Gay = Little Boy Little Caboose = Fat Man Were they justified?