Name______Date ______CP Biology Chapter 18 : CLASSIFICATION INDEPENDENT ASSIGNMENT Due Date: ______(-5 points/ day late penalty) The following assignments will help you become acquainted with the main concepts of Chapter 18. THIS IS AN INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT!
Your grade for this chapter will include 100 points : 50 points for the assignments listed below 50 point quiz (after reviewing the material)
1. Read Chapter 18 (pages 509 – 528). I suggest you read it in small sections, not all at one time! 2. Complete attached worksheets: A. Chapter 18 Concept Review (25 points) B. The Kingdoms & Their Characteristics (15 points) C. 2 worksheets (10 points): Classification Categories, Cladograms Note: We will not be spending much time on this material in class. You will be given a review sheet before the quiz!
I hope all this work is not fernothing!
Man, I can hardly wait This should to do this be fun-guys! assignment!
Why do I We’re not already feel evolved enough single-celled to have out? something clever to say. CHAPTER 18 CONCEPT REVIEW
TYPE your answers to the following questions in complete sentences (unless it says “list”, “name”, or “define”), and attach it to this packet. USE YOUR BOOK TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS NOT THE INTERNET!
SECTION 18.1 – Finding Order in Diversity 1. Binomial nomenclature is the system that is used to name organisms. Who is the scientist responsible for this naming system? What language is used and why? 2. Define Systematics. What is a taxon (or plural – taxa)? 3. What are the goals of binomial nomenclature and systematics? 4. What is a dichotomous key and how is it used? 5. What is the modern definition of “species”? 6. List the 7 hierarchial taxa (from most general to specific) used to group organisms.
SECTION 18.2 – Modern Evolutionary Classification 7. What is “Phylogeny”? 8. Define “clade”. What is a cladogram? 9. What is a derived character? How can they be used to determine how closely 2 species are related? 10. How are DNA sequences used in classification? What other kinds of information can be used by scientists to determine relationships between groups of organisms?
SECTION 18.3 – Building the Tree of Life 11. Name the 3 domains, and list the Kingdoms within each domain. (There are 6 Kingdoms.)
12. Thinking Question: (THIS IS NOT IN YOUR BOOK!) Explain how classification & evolution are unifying themes of biology. The Kingdoms & Their Characteristics A. Complete the chart below indicating the characteristics for each kingdom. (You may use the term “some” in the box if it’s not true for the entire Kingdom.) - some of the boxes have been filled in for you already B. Place the organisms from the box below in the correct kingdom. Some are specific organisms, some are groups or categories of organisms. (You may actually have to looksome of these up!)
DOMAIN KINGDOM Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Cell Type (prokaryotic or eukaryotic)
Number of Cells Unicellular, (unicellular, colonial, multicellular) some colonial Cell Wall (present or absent) Some If present, indicate it’s Composition varied composition: varies cellulose, chitin, composition peptidoglycan (not peptidoglycan) Mode of Nutrition (autotrophic, heterotrophic, both )
Specimens
amoeba, sponges, streptococcus, insects, ferns, methanogens, mushroom, yeast, paramecium, cactus, reptiles, halophiles, mold, cyanobacteria, euglena, worms, diatoms, mammals, Escherichia coli, fish, thermophiles
* For up to 5 points Extra Credit: Make a Colorful Concept Map on a small/medium size poster board of the 6 Kingdoms. Include all of their characteristics and color photographs of several organisms within each kingdom. (I will show you an example in class.) Classification Categories
1. List the 7 levels of classification categories from the most broad (on top) to the most specific category (on bottom).
2. Which are more similar: a. members of an order or members of a family? ______b. members of an order or members of a phylum? ______
3. Which group has more members: a. a phylum or a family?______b. a genus or a family? ______
4. Which group has fewer members: a. a family or a genus?______b. an order or a phylum? ______
5. a. Which group has the most members? ______b. Which group has the fewest members? ______
Study the table showing the classification of 4 organisms. Answer the question in the spaces provided.
TABLE 1: Classification of Organisms Dandelion Dog Wolf Human Kingdom Plantae Animalia Animalia Animalia Phylum Tracheophyta Chordata Chordata Chordata Class Angiospermae Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Order Asterales Carnivora Carnivora Primates Family Compositae Canidae Canidae Hominidae Genus Taraxacum Canis Canis Homo Species officinale familiaris lupus sapiens
6. How many groups do wolves and humans share? ______7. How many groups do wolves and dogs share? ______
8. a. Which two organisms are the most similar? ______b. How do you know? ______9. a. Which organism is least like the other 3? ______b. How do you know? ______Name Class Date Cladograms For Questions 1–3, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words. 1. A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms is called a C . 2. The place where the ancestral lineage splits on a cladogram is called a fork, or a N __. 3. Characteristics shared by members of a clade and only by members of that clade are called D C . Examine the cladogram below: Color the two organisms that belong to a clade that does not include the third organism RED. Color the organism that does not belong to the clade YELLOW. Circle the point on the cladogram that shows the most recent common ancestor of the crab and the barnacle. Mark an X on the point on the cladogram that shows the most recent common ancestor of mollusks and crustaceans. Put a box around the characteristic that all three organisms have in common. DNA in Classification Use the figure below to answer Questions 4–7.
4. According to the figure, which species is most closely related to red pandas?
______
5. Although giant pandas and raccoons share some distinct anatomical similarities, they are in different clades. What type of evidence do you think was used to construct this diagram?
6. Biologists had previously classified giant pandas together with raccoons and red pandas. After DNA analysis, what must have been determined to change the cladogram?
______