THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF INDEPENDENT DISTRICT I-20, MUSKOGEE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA, MET IN REGULAR SESSION, JULY 21, 2015 AT 6:00 P.M. BOARD OF EDUCATION SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY (B.E.S.T.) CENTER, 202 WEST BROADWAY, MUSKOGEE, OKLAHOMA. REQUIREMENTS OF TITLE 25, O.S. (1977 SUPP) SS 311, WERE MET AS FOLLOWS: ON NOVEMBER 12, 2014, THE DATE, TIME AND PLACE OF ALL REGULAR MEETINGS WERE FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE COUNTY CLERK OF MUSKOGEE COUNTY, OKLAHOMA, AND BY POSTING THE AGENDA AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS IN THE FRONT ENTRANCEWAY OF SAID B.E.S.T. CENTER AND ON THE DISTRICT WEB SITE, PRIOR TO 5:00 P.M. ON JULY 20, 2015.

PRESENT: Mike Ebert, Vice President Keith Biglow, Board Clerk Danny Shiew, Board Member Larry Stewart, Board Member ABSENT: John Barton , President

1. CALL TO ORDER – John Barton, President INVOCATION – Cedric Johnson, Former MPS Administrator and Teacher PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE – John Barton, President

2. PUBLIC TO BE HEARD No request were made to address the Board.

3. SUPERINTENDENT’S REPORT

Bond Issue Update – Wayne Johnson

4. REPORTS/COMMENTS FROM MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION

None

5. STANDING RESOLUTIONS

Motion made by Danny Shiew seconded by Keith Biglow to APPROVE Standing Resolutions A. through K as listed and AMENDED:

A. Minutes of Previous Meeting

June 16, 2015 Regular Meeting

B. Schedule of Payments Checks to be issued in payment of June encumbrances/invoices as duly audited from the funds and in the amounts listed below and itemized in the financial reports:

AP - Checks # 20155881 to 20156563 $10,118,404.09 PR - Checks #150028 - 1500030 $ 628.30 DD’s - # 1559350 to 1561096 $ 3,308,251.00

C. Schedule of Encumbrances – Numbered 21507037 to 21507221 - $ 672,026.26 16000001 to 16000454 - $7,818,813.97

D. Operating & Investment Funds

June 1, 2015 to June 30, 2015 1. Operating Account $(1,184,980.15) 2. Investment Account $ 0.00

E. Financial Report

1. FY 2015 Expense / Revenue Report 2. FY 2015 Activity Fund 3. FY 2015 Balance Sheet

F. PO’s over $10,000 (per fund) 21507050 TRS 11 $ 12,394.03 Fed’l Match May 21507213 TRS $ 12,837.40 Fed’l Match June 21507189 2nd Wind Exercise Equipment $ 15,555.00 Exercise Equipment 21507093 Access 2 Healthcare $ 18,488.20 Medicaid Mgt Svc 21507102 OG&E $ 50,436.94 Electric Svc 21507077 Connections Ed Inc $ 35,350.00 Online Licenses 21506969 GCBMH $ 22,187.50 4 year olds 21 21506723 Coughran Lawn & $ 10,000.00 Mowing Landscaping 21506881 City of Muskogee $ 87,595.41 Turf Payment Foundation 27 21507101 Hemphill Services, LLC $ 22,881.14 Change Order Floor Drain 21507100 Builders Unlimited, Inc. $ 14,840.25 Fire Alarm G Unit 29 21507049 CDW Government $ 27,900.00 Software 21507057 United Systems, Inc $ 86,691.80 New Tech Chromebooks 21507164 Five Star Office Supply $ 51,110.00 Furniture 21507190 Best Sports $ 19,705.84 Athletic Equipment 21507191 2nd Wind Exercise Equipment $ 54,033.21 Weights Indoor Facility 60 21507045 Ruth Kelly Studio $ 11,700.00 MHS Yearbook

11 16000128 OSAG $ 443,269.00 Workers Comp 16000074 Rosenstein Fist & $ 41,000.00 Legal Fees Ringold 16000062 Kerry John Patten CPA $ 27,900.00 2015 Audit 16000009 OKSRMT $ 239,650 Liability Insurance 16000069 DHS $ 137,000 Social Workers 16000161 GCBHM $ 182,187.50 Headstart Fees 16000213 Computer Automation $ 13,000.00 Tech Services Systems 16000186 Ok Health Care authority $ 55,000.00 Tech Services 16000071 Sudden Link $ 25,000.00 Internet Services 16000070 Ruth Kelly Studio $ 10,000.00 Printing 16000158 US Postal Services $ 20,000.00 Postage 16000258 Whittinghill Disposal Svc $ 10,000.00 Cleaning Services 16000063 AT&T $ 20,000.00 Phone Lines 16000238 AT&T $ 23,000.00 Long Distance 16000237 AT&T $ 21,000.00 Cell Phones 16000304 OG & E $ 700,000.00 Electric Svc 16000072 Waste Management of $ 59,500.00 Garbage Okla 16000162 Verizon $ 30,000.00 Celluar Internet 16000252 PC Landing Zone $ 50,000.00 Tech Parts & Equipment 16000081 New Technology Network $ 97,600.00 New Tech Fees 16000322 The Lavin Agency $ 11,000.00 Prof Ed Services 16000321 $ 10,077.00 Prof Ed Services International Institute for Restorative 16000002 2nd Wind Exercise $ 15,555.00 Exercise Equipment Equipment 21 16000312 Pitney Bowes $ 10,500.00 Postage Machine Lease 16000305 City of Muskogee $ 52,500.00 Water/Sewer 16000342 City of Muskogee $ 52,500.00 Garbage 16000343 ONG $ 105,000.00 Natural Gas 16000159 Constellation New Energy $ 63,750.00 Gas Commodity 16000103 Security Alarms $ 10,000.00 Maint 16000105 Security Alarms Fire $ 30,000.00 Fire Svc 16000082 Security Alarms $ 15,000.00 Alarm Svc 16000020 Dealers Electrical Supply $ 10,000.00 Maint Supplies 16000029 Locke Supply Co $ 12,000.00 Maint Supplies 16000093 Johnstone Supply $ 12,000.00 Maint Supplies 16000016 Carrier Enterprises LLC $ 10,000.00 Maint Supplies 16000014 Lowes of Muskogee $ 10,000.00 Maint Supplies 16000066 Finish Lin Fuels LLC $ 20,000.00 Gasoline Cards 16000015 Admiral Pest Control $ 10,000.00 Pest Control 16000273 Empire Paper Co $ 20,940.00 Custodial Supplies 16000099 Coughran Lawn & $ 30,000.00 Mowing Landscaping 16000160 Zions Bank $ 109,470.81 QZAB Lease Payment 22 16000328 Massco $ 13,500.00 Cleaning Supplies 2 16000151 Love Bottling Co $ 25,000.00 Drinks 16000140 Hagar Restaurant Svc $ 10,000.00 Cleaning Supplies 16000134 Tankersley $ 450,000.00 Food

27-41 All rolled from 2015

G. Contracts

1. CRW Consulting Services LLC erate services $ 3,500.00 2. Collaborating for Results consultant $ 36,000.00 3. Pearson Digital Curriculum $376,000.00 (Amended - reduced) 4. Juvenile Detention Center Teacher (1) 5. MCCoys Group Home Support (1) online licenses 6. Wish Office Rental $ 1.00 7. Murrows Indian Children’s Home Ed Services 8. ImageNet Print/Copier Services $ 91,341.84 (State contract) 9. Love Bottling Exclusive Beverages $45,000.00 (income) 10. GCBHS Headstart $182,187.50 11. Creek Nation Indian Bowl Naming Rights $15,000.00 12. Song Byrd Behaviorial Health no cost counseling Svc 13. MCCoYS no cost counseling Svc 14. GCBHS no cost counseling Svc 15. Okla Families First no cost counseling Svc 16. Integrity Pathways no cost counseling Svc

H. Continuing Resolution

Treasurer - Mika Barton Asst Treasurer - Rhonda Harder Minutes Clerk - Carla Cooper Deputy Minutes Clerk - John Little Encumbrance Clerk - Cindy Boydstun Activity Fd Encum Clerk - Rhonda Harder CNS Encum Clerk - Kim Logsdon

Attorney - Rosentein, Fist & Ringold

District Memberships - ASBO & Ok ASBO Chamber of Commerce OSSAA OSSBA Muskogee Area Education Consortium Muskogee Area Human Resources Association

Activity Fundraisers/Expenditures – per Activity Fund Manual

Local Project/Program Codes - per list

Bank cards - Armstrong Bank, Citizens Security Bank, TTCU, Firstar

Loan Agreement between funds – General, Building, Child Nutrition & Bonds Funds (no interest)

Purchasing Officers approval of Officers, their limits and allowed codes for FY 2016 (per list)

Payroll signatures – Mike Garde, Superintendent Jim Wilson, Asst Supt. John Little, CFO Martha Brians, Human Resource Officer

I. From To Activity Fund Transfers MHS 98750 $ 82.00 98720 $ 82.00 98970 $3,008.94 98190 $2,857.69 98580 $ 141.25

J. Bids\Quot es #15 Empire Paper Correction Line 3 $299,577.00 Low custodial supplies) #1601 Bread Bimbo $1,216.95 Bakeries #1602 Milk NO ACTION NO ACTION #1603 Produce Arnold Fruit #1604 Paper Unisource $46,680.00 Standard 2,079.99 Staples 4,984.95 Empire 1,159.92

K. MHS Cheer Booster Club ARJH PTO Sanctioning MHS PTSA Lady Rougher Basketball Creek PTO

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

6. APPROVE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SOCCER FOR GIRLS AND BOYS

Motion made by Keith Biglow seconded by Larry Stewart to APPROVE Junior High School Soccer for girls and boys.

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

7. ANNUAL APPROVAL OF OPTION FOR CALCULATION OF SCHOOL YEARS BY DAYS OR HOURS

Motion made by Danny Shiew seconded by Keith Biglow to APPROVE that the school year consist of (not less than one thousand eighty 1,080) hours of classroom instruction. Not more than thirty (30) of these hours shall be used for professional meetings. In addition, parent-teacher conferences may be held during the school day and counted as classroom instruction for no more than six (6) hours per semester, for a total of twelve (12) hours per school year.

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

8. PROPOSED EXECUTIVE SESSION Motion made by Keith Biglow seconded by An Executive Session is proposed for discussion of:

A. Personnel recommendations A. through K . (names listed below) being presented for the resignation, termination, or employment of staff members, with vote to be taken after return to Open Session; pursuant to OKLA. STAT. tit. 25 § Section 307 (B) (1). B. Negotiations Discussion Only

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

9. RETURN TO OPEN SESSION

Board returned to Open Session at 6:58 p.m.

10. EXECUTIVE SESSION MINUTES COMPLIANCE ANNOUNCEMENT

All members of the Board of Education present at this meeting attended the executive session. Superintendent Mike Garde and Jim Wilson were asked to participate in the Executive Session. While in Executive session, the Board discussed only the following items: Personnel Items under Item 11 Negotiations Discussion only

As authorized by Oklahoma Statutes, Title 25, Section 307 (B) (1). No other matters were discussed and no votes were taken. The Board returned to Open Session at 6:58 p.m.

11. PERSONNEL

Motion made by Keith Biglow seconded by Danny Shiew to APPROVE personnel resolutions A. through K. as stated and AMENDED.

A. BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Education of Muskogee Schools District I-20, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the reappointment of the certified administrative staff for the 2015-2016 school year:

Melony Carey David Walkingstick Clevetta Gray Peggy Jones Heather Jones Joyce Weston Debbie Winburn Anayai Cooper

4 Kim Fleak Rafe Watkins Rick Hoos P. David Shouse Dan Hattaway Malinda Lindsey Ed Wallace Ronia Davison Jim Wilson Bonito Gay Jerry Huffer Brian Doerner Madison Tomlinson Garrett Davis Dr. Justin Walker Cheryl Hallum Josh Berry Lori Jefferson Donna Pillars Karen Watkins Lisa Rogers Doyle Rowland Lisa Charboneau

B. BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Education of Muskogee Schools District I-20, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the reappointment of the salaried support staff for the 2015-2016 school year:

Mika Barton Karah Lehman Whitney Padgett Carla Cooper John Cooper Curtis Forbes Martha Brians Dan Hall Scott Meyer Wayne Johnson John Little Kim Hall Kim Logsdon Dessa Miller Doug Ragsdale Bill Parris Joe Hughart Rhonda Warlick Kathy Bates Jeff Zarnke Taylor Hignite Jerrod Adair Wendy Burton Michael LeDoux Eric Wells Odell Alexander Mandy Scott Kathy Rigney Tracy Goodspeed Jana Taylor Sam Taylor Martin Lang

C. RESIGNATION – CERTIFIED

RESOLVE, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the resignation of the certified staff for the 2014 -2015 school year: AMENDED

*Shelly Beck – Music Teacher – Cherokee effective 7-6-2015 *Kaye Wittmer – 5th Grade Teacher – Grant Foreman effective 7-13-2015 *Mellissa Agee – Music Teacher – Irving effective 7-20-2015 *Devon Hahn – 5th Grade Teacher – Pershing effective 7-1-2015 *Susan Graham – Reading Teacher – ARJH effective 6-30-2015 *Brian Jones – Science Teacher – ARJH effective 7-16-2015 *Amanda Cypert – Math Teacher – RAA effective 6-29-2015 *Alisha Potts – English Teacher – RAA effective 7-8-2015 *Richard Agee – Computer Teacher – MHS effective 7-20-2015 *Kara Sholes – English Teacher – MHS effective 6-30-2015 *Jill Stone – Science Teacher – MHS effective 7-13-2015 *Beth White – Special Education Teacher – MHS effective 7-15-2015

D. NON-ACCEPTANCE OF EMPLOYMENT – CERTIFIED

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the non-acceptance of employment by the certified staff for the 2015-2016 school year: AMENDED

*Shelli Cox – 2nd Grade Teacher – Cherokee effective 7-20-2015 *Kirstin Keller – 4th Grade Teacher – Creek effective 7-6-2015 *Holly Bronsert – Special Education Teacher – MHS effective 7-20-2015

E. EMPLOYMENT – CERTIFIED – TEMPORARY

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the temporary employment of certified staff for the 2015-2016 school year: AMENDED

*Joseph Tiger – Music Teacher – Cherokee effective 8-17-2015 *Mollie Goosman – 4th Grade Teacher – Creek effective 8-17-2015 *Cheryl Holt – 5th Grade Teacher – Grant Foreman effective 8-17-2015 *Brooke Tilman – 6th Grade Teacher – Grant Foreman effective 8-17-2015 *Kelly Hartsoe – 3rd Grade Teacher – Irving effective 8-17-2015 *Courtney Lamont – 2nd Grade Teacher – Irving effective 8-17-2015 *Kameron Parmain – Music Teacher – Irving Pending OKSDE Certification effective 8-17-2015 *Angela Garrett – 6th Grade Teacher – Sadler effective 8-17-2015 *Tonya Gates – 4th Grade Teacher – Tony Goetz effective 8-17-2015 *John-Pierre LaFleur – Math Teacher – ARJH Pending OKSDE Certification effective 8-17-2015 *Brett Nichelson – Social Studies Teacher – ARJH effective 8-17-2015 *Lisa Rowe – Special Education Teacher – ARJH effective 8-17-2015 *Melissa Bethancourt – FACS Teacher – RAA effective 8-17-2015 *Robert Pinion – English Teacher – RAA effective 8-17-2015 *Robert Long – Math Teacher – RAA effective 8-17-2015 *Aubrey Bradley – English Teacher – MHS effective 8-17-2015 *Ronnie Davis – Computer Science/Wrestling Coach – MHS effective 8-17-2015 *Ronald Oehschlager – Vocational Agriculture Teacher – MHS effective 7-22-2015 *Glen Robinson – Social Studies Teacher – MHS effective 8-17-2015 *Samantha Walton – Special Education Teacher – MHS Pending OKSDE Certification effective 8-17-2015

F. EMPLOYMENT – CERTIFIED – TEMPORARY – EXTRA DUTY RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the temporary, extra-duty employment of certified staff for the 2015-2016 school year: AMENDED

STIPEND NAME SITE AMOUNT ACADEMICS ARCHERY Tommy Anderson Cherokee $750 COUNSELOR Reeva Mutch BFSA $2,000 Joanne Myers Creek/GFE $2,000 Jennifer Carpenter Irving $2,000 Misti Loge TG/Sadler $2,000 Jennifer Norwood ARJH $2,000 Maria Smith ARJH $2,000 Donna Woods RAA $2,000 Michelle Chambers MHS $2,000 Cheryl Donathan MHS $2,000 Madison Hays MHS $2,000 Dyan Riley MHS $2,000 Hailey Thomas MHS $2,000 CURRICULUM COORDINATOR Language Arts Susan Boyd ARJH $2,957 Elective April Coen ARJH $2,957 Journalism Julie Crank ARJH $2,957 Math Catherine Dennis ARJH $2,957 Special Education Natasha Franklin ARJH $2,957 Reading Tina Greer ARJH $2,957 Social Studies Pam Morgan ARJH $2,957 English Sarah Dennis MHS $3,736 Math Mike Walcutt MHS $3,736

ESL TUTOR Andrew Herringshaw BFSA $25/hr Cassie Herringshaw BFSA $25/hr GIFTED & TALENTED Brad Huddleston Creek $2,200 Kathryn Jones Creek $2,200 ROBOTICS Jennie Price Cherokee $1,100 Brad Huddleston Creek $550 Kathryn Jones Creek $550 SAC Susan Duval Cherokee $25/hr Jametra Newton Cherokee $25/hr Angela Cummings Creek $25/hr Brad Huddleston Creek $25/hr SAFETY PATROL Tommy Anderson Cherokee $500 STUDENT COUNCIL SPONSOR Brad Huddleston Creek $550

TESTING COORDINATOR Charlotte Mitchell Creek $1,250 Donna Woods RAA $1,250 YEARBOOK Michelle Rowan ECC $592 Karen Lewis Creek $592 ATHLETICS GATE WORK Cody Autrey Athletics $20/hr David Bandy Athletics $20/hr Damon Beckers Athletics $20/hr Josh Berry Athletics $20/hr Clayton Blevins Athletics $20/hr Rusty Bradley Athletics $20/hr Shonika Breedlove Athletics $20/hr Sharica Cole Athletics $20/hr Keith Coleman Athletics $20/hr Curt Denton Athletics $20/hr Brenton Duncan Athletics $20/hr Heidi Flanary Athletics $20/hr Mary Beth Flusche Athletics $20/hr Nathan Frisby Athletics $20/hr 6 John Graham Athletics $20/hr John Hammer Athletics $20/hr Carmen Heath Athletics $20/hr David Heath Athletics $20/hr Patricia Hill Athletics $20/hr Angie Hillmon Athletics $20/hr Aaron Hobbs Athletics $20/hr Brad Huddleston Athletics $20/hr Coleman Hughes Athletics $20/hr Donna Lawson Athletics $20/hr Lori Martin Athletics $20/hr Paul McCann Athletics $20/hr Amanda McMillan Athletics $20/hr Jason Medrano Athletics $20/hr Jimmy Monroe Athletics $20/hr Jennifer Norwood Athletics $20/hr Melissa O’Dell Athletics $20/hr Erin Peters Athletics $20/hr Jim Platter Athletics $20/hr Jack Reavis Athletics $20/hr Darrin Reeves Athletics $20/hr Kurtis Rowan Athletics $20/hr Myles Thomas Athletics $20/hr Don Yates Athletics $20/hr Nick Zodrow Athletics $20/hr GOLF Head Jared Smith MHS $2,730

WRESTLING Mark Peters ARJH $3,014

G. RESIGNATION – SUPPORT

RESOLVE, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the resignation of the support staff for the 2014 -2015 school year:

*Tesha Bray – Enrollment Clerk – BEST effective 7-16-2015 *Kindi Duncan – Attendance Secretary – MHS effective 7-6-2015

H. EMPLOYMENT– SUPPORT

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the employment of support staff for the 2015-2016:

*Tia Alexander – Special Education Data Entry & Compliance Specialist – BEST effective 7-22-2015 *Ruth Ann Logan – CNS Manager – Cherokee effective 8-17-2015 *Vicki Cobler – Finance Secretary – MHS effective 7-22-2015 *Pam Stonebarger – Attendance Secretary – MHS effective 7-22-2015 *Jessica Hooper – Secretary – Transportation effective 7-22-2015

I. EMPLOYMENT – SUPPORT – TEMPORARY – EXTRA DUTY

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the temporary, extra-duty employment of certified staff for the 2015-2016 school year:

STIPEND NAME SITE AMOUNT FOOTBALL Lay Kye Staley ARJH $2,500 GATE WORK Jerrod Adair Athletics $20/hr Jessie Alexander Athletics $20/hr Mea Anderson Athletics $20/hr Lay Rocky Battenfield Athletics $15/hr Pat Birdtail Athletics $20/hr Martha Brians Athletics $20/hr Janice Brown Athletics $20/hr Wendy Burton Athletics $20/hr Doug Fulkerson Athletics $20/hr Tami Gardenhire Athletics $20/hr Mark Haile Athletics $20/hr Tressa Heytz Athletics $20/hr James Hill Athletics $20/hr Tommy Hutson Athletics $20/hr Jerome Jones Athletics $20/hr Theresa Little Athletics $20/hr Kim Logsdon Athletics $20/hr Ron Lowe Athletics $20/hr Anthony McNac Athletics $20/hr Prentiss McNac Athletics $20/hr Whitney Padgett Athletics $20/hr Deana Paeden Athletics $20/hr Lay Thomas Price Athletics $15/hr Kathy Rigney Athletics $20/hr Shelley Sinnett Athletics $20/hr Lana Stevenson Athletics $20/hr Jimmy Walker Athletics $20/hr Rhonda Warlick Athletics $20/hr

J. RESIGNATION – ADMINISTRATION

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the resignation of the administrative staff for the 2015-2016 school year:

*Larry Sholes – Principal – RAA effective 6-22-2015

K. EMPLOYMENT – ADMINISTRATION

RESOLVED, upon the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools to APPROVE the employment of the administrative staff for the 2015-2016 school year:

*Steve Barton – Principal – RAA effective 7-22-2015

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

12. NEW BUSINESS

None

13. ADJOURNMENT

Motion to adjourn meeting made by Danny Shiew seconded by Keith Biglow.

VOTES: AYES; BIGLOW, EBERT, SHIEW AND STEWART. BARTON ABSENT. MOTION CARRIED.

Meeting adjourned at 6:59 p.m.

8 STATE OF OKLAHOMA ) ) ss: COUNTY OF MUSKOGEE )

I, THE UNDERSIGNED minutes clerk of the Board of Education of Muskogee Public Schools District I-20, Muskogee County, Oklahoma do certify the above to be the true and correct minutes of the Board of Education Regular Meeting, July 21, 2015 (6:00 p.m.) with proper notification of meeting given as stated on Page 1 of these minutes.

Witness my hand and seal of this District this _____ day of ______, 2015.

______Board Minutes Clerk Muskogee Public Schools District I-20

(District Seal)

BOARD OF EDUCATION: ______John Barton, President

ATTEST:

______Keith Biglow, Clerk