Chapter 6 Multiple Choice Questions

1 Ch ap ter 6 M ult ipl e Ch oi ce Qu es tio ns

Nam e: ______

3 Zebra mussels ______. A)

4 are native to Canada B)

5 were introduced into the United States in the early 1900s C)

6 are presently the Great Lakes and Hudson River, but they are expected to spread rapidly in the near restricted to future D)

7 are clogging up water intake pipes at factories, power plants, and wastewater treatment facilities E)

8 excrete waste that facilitates algae blooms and subsequent eutrophication of lakes Diff: 1 Objective:

9 6.5 Invasive species

10 Individu als of a single species fighting over access to a limiting resource is one example of ______. A)

11 resource partitioning B)

12 competitive exclusion C)

13 symbiosis D)

14 interspecific competition E)

15 intraspecific competition Diff: 2 Objective:

16 6.1 Species 3)

17 Zooplan populations in Lake Erie and the Hudson River have declined by up to 70% since the arrival of kton zebra mussels because ______. A)

18 zebra mussels prey on zooplankton B)

19 zebra mussels carry a parasite that kills zooplankton C)

20 zebra mussels feed on cyanobacteria, which zooplankton need as a food source D)

21 zebra mussels penetration into lakes and thus prevent zooplankton from photosynthesizing block sunlight E)

22 waste from zebra mussels promotes bacterial growth that kills zooplankton Diff: 3 Objective:

23 6.1 Species 4)

24 By definition, parasites ______their host. A)

25 kill B)

26 are much smaller than C)

27 feed on and harm D)

28 cannot live independently of E)

29 never kill Diff: 2 Objective:

30 6.1 Species

32 Orchids require tree limbs for support but do not harm the trees. This demonstrates ______. A)

33 facilitation B)

34 commensalis m C)

35 amensalism D)

36 mutualism E)

37 allelopathy Diff: 3 Objective:

38 6.1 Species 6)

39 ______capture solar energy and use photosynthesis to produce sugars. A)

40 Producers B)

41 Primary consumers C)

42 Secondary consumers D)

43 Detritivores E)

44 Heterotrophs Diff: 1 Objective:

45 6.2 Feeding relationships and energy flow

47 Grazing animals such as deer are ______. A)

48 producers B)

49 primary consumers C)

50 secondary consumers D)

51 detritivores E)

52 decomposers Diff: 1 Objective:

55 Zooplan kton-eating fish are ______. A)

56 producers B)

57 primary consumers C)

58 secondary consumers D)

59 detritivores E)

60 herbivores Diff: 3 Objective:

63 Which of the following is true about top predators? A)

64 They are likely to be keystone species. B)

65 They are likely to be herbivores. C)

66 They are likely to be producers. D)

67 They include bacteria and fungi. E)

68 Their removal increases biodiversity. Diff: 1 Objective:

69 6.3 Keystone species

70 10)

71 Secondar y succession ______. A)

72 requires primary succession to precede it B)

73 occurs after a volcano spreads lava across a landscape C)

74 occurs after a fire or flood D)

75 typically begins with lichen colonizing rock E)

76 is very predictable because it always ends in the formation of a climax community Diff: 3 Objective:

77 6.4 Succession

78 ______that communities are temporary associations of individual species that can reassemble argued themselves into different combinations. A)

79 David Strayer B)

80 Robert Costanza C)

81 Charles Darwin D)

82 Frederick Clements E)

83 Henry Gleason Diff: 2 Objective:

84 6.4 Succession

85 Which terrestrial biome has the most biodiversity? A)

86 temperate deciduous forest B)

87 prairie C)

88 tropical rainforest D)

89 temperate rainforest E)

90 boreal forest Diff: 1 Objective:

91 6.7 Biomes

92 Desert and tundra both ______. A)

93 have lithosols B)

94 have wide temperature variations throughout the year C)

95 lack many insects D)

96 have relatively low precipitation E)

97 lack shrubs Diff: 3 Objective:

98 6.7 Biomes

99 Taiga and tundra both ______. A)

100 lack trees B)

101 have low temperatures throughout the year C)

102 lack many birds D)

103 have many burrowing rodents E)

104 are found in the United States Diff: 3 Objective:

105 6.7 Biomes

106 15)

107 The up a mountain in the southwestern United States is like walking from Mexico to Canada," is statemen meant to demonstrate that ______change(s) rapidly as you change altitude and latitude. t, "hiking A)

108 biomes B)

109 oxygen levels C)

110 carbon dioxide levels D)

111 levels of industrial air pollutants E)

112 human population density Diff: 2 Objective:

113 6.7 Biomes

114 ______are typical primary consumers in a temperature deciduous forest. A)

115 Snakes B)

116 Deer C)

117 Shelf fungi D)

118 Bison E)

119 Wolves Diff: 3 Objective:

120 6.7 Biomes

121 A climax community always ______. A)

122 results after succession proceeds B)

123 remains in place until a disturbance restarts succession C)

124 describes terrestrial biomes D)

125 describes aquatic biomes E)

126 returns to its original state Diff: 2 Objective:

127 6.4 Succession

128 Herbivor y is a type of ______. A)

129 competition B)

130 mutualism C)

131 neutralism D)

132 ecological restoration E)

133 predation Diff: 2 Objective:

134 6.1 Species 19)

135 Benthic organisms in the Great Lakes ______. A)

136 live near the water's surface B)

137 are harmed by the presence of zebra mussels C)

138 benefit from the presence of zebra mussels D)

139 include phytoplankton E)

140 include zebra mussels Diff: 3 Objective:

142 20)

143 Microbes in our digestive tract that help us digest food demonstrate a(n) ______association. A)

144 allelopathic B)

145 homeopathic C)

146 trophic D)

147 symbiotic E)

148 benthic Diff: 1 Objective:

149 6.1 Species 21)

150 Which of the following are pioneer species? A)

151 lichens B)

152 wolves and mountain lions C)

153 beavers D)

154 aspen trees E)

155 zebra mussels Diff: 1 Objective:

156 6.4 Succession

157 Techniqu es to eradicate zebra mussels ______. A)

158 are global and long lived B)

159 are relatively inexpensive C)

160 are relatively simple D)

161 have not yet been attempted E)

162 include introducing predators and diseases Diff: 1 Objective:

164 Efforts at urban restoration ______. A)

165 have failed in San Francisco B)

166 mostly have been attempted in developing nations C)

167 are very inexpensive D)

168 intend to undo damage done to communities due to urban development E)

169 are not viable conservation strategies for the future Diff: 1 Objective:

170 6.6 Ecological 24)

171 Kelp ______. A)

172 is eaten by sea otters B)

173 is eaten by orcas C)

174 suffers intense herbivory from zebra mussels D)

175 suffers intense herbivory from sea urchins E)

176 is inhabited by sea urchins Diff: 2 Objective:

177 6.3 Keystone species

178 25)

179 Environ and economically acceptable means of controlling introduced invasive species include mentally ______. A)

180 public education, introduction of suitable predators, examination of imported goods B)

181 application of potent pesticides that kill the introduced species C)

182 banning of all importation of non-native species with heavy fines for non-compliance D)

183 removal of all individuals by collecting, baiting, trapping and, for plants, prescribed burning the invasive E)

184 killing off pollinators for invasive plants, food sources for invasive animals Diff: 2 Objective:

186 Global climate change may produce major shifts in biomes for any given location because ______. A)

187 biodiversity and daylength will change B)

188 mean temperature, precipitation and salinity will change C)

189 many species may become extinct D)

190 food web dynamics will change E)

191 soil chemistry, pH of precipitation and the frequency of invasive species will change Diff: 2 Objective:

192 6.7 Biomes

193 The Everglades Restoration Plan in Florida ______. A)

194 seeks to exterminate numerous invasive fish species and plants B)

195 will restore natural levels of water flow by undoing numerous damming and drainage projects restore C)

196 will result in serious depletion of drinking water supplies for humans in south Florida D)

197 will probably destroy much of the commercial fishing in the area E)

198 is a short-term restoration project with a two-year implementation plan Diff: 2 Objective:

199 6.6 Ecological