Systems with Constant Potential Energy and Variable Potential Energy

CHEMISTRY

Paper – I

Unit – I

Basic Principles of Spectroscopy : Electromagnetic radiation and quantization of energy, Regions of the spectrum, Selection rules, Line width and resolution, Intensity of spectral transition, Signal to noise ratio, Application of group theory to spectroscopy: Normal modes of vibration of polyatomic molecules, symmetry aspects of molecular orbital theory, Huckel approximation, Symmetry factoring of secular equation and construction of MO energy diagram for benzene and naphthalene, electronic excitation, Selection rules. systems with constant potential energy and variable potential energy.

Chapter- II a. Reaction in Solution : Kinetic in solution, Solvent effect, Ionization of neutral molecules, Kinetics of ionization, Reaction between ions and neutral molecules, Ionic strength and secondary salt effect, Dipolar aprotic solvents. b. Parallel first order reactions, Two parallel first order reactions all of the same order, Parallel first order and second order reactions, Radioactive series and radioactive steady state, General first order series and parallel reactions, Competitive consecutive reactions, Consecutive parallel second order reaction, Equilibrium from kinetic point of view. Chapter - III The study of rapid reactions. Diffusion controlled reactions. Methods for studying rapid reactions. Quenching of fluorescence, Polarography and diffusion - coupled methods. Magnetic resonance method, Relaxation method, Flash photolysis. Chapter- I V Croup Theory: Application of group theory, SALC. Huckel theory for conjugated systems. Butadiene, cyclopropenyi system, Benzene, Naphthalene, Calculation of bond order and stabilisation energy, Application of group theory for construction of molecular orbitals.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY a. Stereo Chemistry: Ploarized light and Chiroptical properties, Circular birefringence and Circular Dichroism. Optical rotatary dispersion. Cotton effect, Application of CD and OKI). b. Organic Spectroscopy : Application of UV, 111, NMR and Mass Spectrometry to study the structure of organic molecules containing functional groups like -CHO, -CO. -COOR. -CHNH2. -COOH etc.

Palladium catalysed cross coupling, carbonylation reactions, Reactions involving organonickel compounds, reactions involving rhodium and cobalt, organometallic compounds with % bonding. a. Organic photochemistry : General Principles, Orbital symmetry considerations related to photo chemical reactions, photo chemistry of carbanyl compounds, photo chemistry of alkenes and dienes, photo chemistry of aromatic compounds. a. Retrosynthctic Analysis : Synthons and synthetic equivalents. Guideline for choosing disconnections. Functional group interconversion, One group (C-X) disconnection. Two group (C-X) disconnection, One group (C-C) disconnection, Two group (C-C) disconnection, Importance of the order of the events, Chemoselectivity, Reversal of Polarity. b. Protecting Groups: Protection of hydroxyl group. Protection of carbonyl group, Protection of amino group, Protection of carboxylic acid group.

a. Ring Synthesis : Synthesis of saturated heterocycles, Aromatic heterocycles, Use of aromatic heterocycles in organic synthesis (synthesis of alkanes & cycloalkanes, alkenes and cycloalkencs, dienes, ene-ynes & cycloalkynes). b. Reagents in Organic Synthesis : Woodward reagent, Dithianes, Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), Prevosl reagent, Diazomethane, 1,3- Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), Crown ether complex, Polymer supported reagents, DDQ. Unit - IV a. Synthesis of Exotic Molecules : Anulene, Bullvalene. Cubane, Dewar benzene, Helicenes, Twistane, Basketene. b. Synthesis of Some Natural Products : Progesterone, Aldosterone, Vitamin - D, Squalene, Adiabatic acid, Equilienin Unit - V Reactions Involving the Transition Metals a. Organocopper Intermediates : Preparations and structure of Organo copper Reagents, Reactions involving organo palladium Reagents and intermediates. Reaction involving organopalladium Intermediates, Palladium catalysed nucleophilic substitution and alkylation, the Hack Reaction,