The Concept of Salience Network Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: from Neuroimaging Observations

TABLE 1

The concept of salience network dysfunction in schizophrenia: from neuroimaging observations to therapeutic opportunities Palaniyappan et al.

Study Number of studies Contrast reduction in patients

Bora 12 SCZ vs. HC

2011a29 cortex, bilateral ACC,

bilateral STG Bora 39 SCZ vs. HC

2011a29 left STG, bilateral ACC and

dorsomedial frontal

regions Bora 49 SCZ vs. HC

2011b28 insula/inferior frontal,

Bilateral thalamus,

Bilateral ACC/medial

frontal Chan 201137 19 Chronic SCZ vs. HC

IFG, left ACC, bilateral

amygdala, right STG, left

thalamus Chan 201137 14 FEP vs HC

STG, left amygdala, right

IFG, right cingulate gyrus, Ellison- 20 Chronic SCZ vs. HC

Wright 2008 31 bilateral ACC the left IFG &

1 of 33 middle frontal gyrus, left

fusiform gyrus, right

superior/middle temporal

gyrus,

uncus/amygdala, right

hippocampus Ellison- 7 FEP vs. HC

Wright 200831 uncus/amygdala, bilateral

insula, bilateral caudate,

bilateral inferior frontal

gyrus, left postcentral

gyrus. Ellison- 42 SCZ vs. HC

Wright 201032 ACC, left thalamus,

bilateral medial frontal

gyrus Fornito 37 SCZ vs. HC

200933 bilateral ACC, left

PCC/precuneus, left

amygdala/PHG, left

fusiform Fusar-Poli 8 Neuroleptic naïve FEP vs. HC

2011 26, 201234 right STG, cerebellum Glahn 2008 31 SCZ vs. HC

35 (ventral, dorsa and

subgenual), left PHG,

thalamus, left postcentral

gyrus, left MFG Leung 6 Neuroleptic naïve FEP vs HC

201136 bilateral insula, right MFG,

right STG, Leung 9 Neuroleptic treated FEP vs.HC

201136 MFG and ACC, bilateral

STG, right IFG, left

PHG/amygdala.

2 Table 1: Meta-analyses on voxel based morphometric studies highlighting the consistency of structural deficits in the Salience Network when patients with schizophrenia are compared with healthy controls. SCZ: Mixed samples of patients with variable duration of established schizophrenia FEP: First episode psychosis HC: Healthy controls ACC: Anterior cingulate cortex IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus PCC: posterior cingulate cortex PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus ALE: Activation Likelihood Estimation SDM: Signed Differential Mapping

3 of 33 (26) Fusar-Poli, P.; Radua, J.; McGuire, P.; Stefan, B. Schizophr Bull 2011; epub doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbr134. (28) Bora, E.; Fornito, A.; Radua, J.; Walterfang, M.; Seal, M.; Wood, S. J.; Yücel, M.; Velakoulis, D.; Pantelis, C. Schizophr. Res. 2011, 127, 46–57. (29) Bora, E.; Fornito, A.; Yücel, M.; Pantelis, C. Psychological Medicine 2011, FirstView, 1–13. (30) Chan, R. C. K.; Di, X.; McAlonan, G. M.; Gong, Q. Schizophr Bull 2011, 37, 177– 188. (31) Ellison-Wright, I.; Glahn, D. C.; Laird, A. R.; Thelen, S. M.; Bullmore, E. Am J Psychiatry 2008, 165, 1015–1023. (32) Ellison-Wright, I.; Bullmore, E. Schizophr. Res 2010, 117, 1–12. (33) Fornito, A.; Yücel, M.; Patti, J.; Wood, S. J.; Pantelis, C. Schizophr. Res 2009, 108, 104–113. (34) Fusar-Poli, P.; Smieskova, R.; Serafini, G.; Politi, P.; Borgwardt, S. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 2012, 1–10. (35) Glahn, D. C.; Laird, A. R.; Ellison-Wright, I.; Thelen, S. M.; Robinson, J. L.; Lancaster, J. L.; Bullmore, E.; Fox, P. T. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 64, 774–781. (36) Leung, M.; Cheung, C.; Yu, K.; Yip, B.; Sham, P.; Li, Q.; Chua, S.; McAlonan, G. Schizophr Bull 2009, sbp099. (37) Chan, R. C. K.; Di, X.; McAlonan, G. M.; Gong, Q. Schizophr Bull 2009, sbp073.

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