June Origination Date: October 7, 2011 Revision Date: 2012 Release Authorized by: Danny Trahan, Safety Director Manual Rev 4

HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

TABLE OF CONTENTS [Alt + Right/Left = Page Forward/Back] PURPOSE...... 2 SCOPE...... 2 APPLICATION...... 2 DEFINITIONS...... 2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS...... 2 ELECTRICALLY POWERED TOOLS...... 3 PNEUMATIC TOOLS...... 3 HYDRAULIC POWER TOOLS...... 4 POWDER-ACTUATED TOOLS...... 4 ABRASIVE WHEELS AND TOOLS...... 5 WOODWORKING TOOLS...... 5 BANANA WEDGE – SAFE USE GUIDELINES...... 5 Training...... 5 Proper Wedge Configuration...... 6 Inspection Procedures...... 6 Hierarchy of Controls...... 6 Hazard Assessment / Pre Task Planning...... 6 Personal Protective Equipment...... 7 Unprotected / Exposed Blade Cutting Devices...... 7 GENERAL HAND TOOL SAFETY...... 7 Portable (Power Operated) Tools & Equipment ...... 8 Powder Actuated Tools...... 9 Machine Guarding...... 9 Lockout Blockout Procedures...... 10 Electrical...... 11 P2S employees are prohibited from working on energized lines or equipment over 600 volts...... 13 REFERENCES...... 13

Copyright © 2012, P2S. All Rights Reserved. P2S Health, Safety & Environmental Page 1 of 13 June Origination Date: October 7, 2011 Revision Date: 2012 Release Authorized by: Danny Trahan, Safety Director Manual Rev 4

HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

PURPOSE

This practice identifies the requirements for the selection, use, and maintenance of hand tools and portable, power- operated tools, including those activated by an explosive powder charge.

SCOPE

This practice includes the following major sections:  General Requirements  Electrically Powered Tools  Pneumatic Tools  Hydraulic Power Tools  Powder-Actuated Tools  Abrasive Wheels and Tools  Woodworking Tools  Jacks – Lever and Hatchet, Screw, and Hydraulic  Chain Saws  Banana Wedge – Safe Use Guidelines

APPLICATION

This practice applies to work activities and employees under the control of P2S and its contractors.

DEFINITIONS

None.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of tools will be made without the manufacturer’s written approval. If the manufacturer will not approve modifications or changes, written approval from a registered professional engineer or the P2S HSE Representative may be considered. If such modifications or changes are made, the capacity, operation, and/or maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals must be changed accordingly. Supervisors will ensure that tools covered by this practice are:  Inspected before use.  Tagged or identified as defective and turned in for repair or replacement if found defective.  In conformance with manufacturer’s attachment and energy-level specifications.  Equipped with required guards.  Disconnected from their energy source when changing attachments or conducting repairs/maintenance on the tool.  Not hoisted or carried by attached hoses or electrical cords.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 Used with appropriate eye, face, hand, foot, hearing, and respiratory protection.  Connected to a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) when used in conjunction with an extension cord or other temporary power source.

Supervisors will ensure that hand tools are maintained and used properly, and that:

 Wrenches with sprung jaws are not used.  Impact tools such as drift pins, wedges, and chisels are kept free of mushroomed heads.  Portable power saws and grinders are equipped with approved blade or wheel guards. Blades and wheels must have the proper rating and revolutions per minute for the tool.  Wooden handles of tools are kept free of splinters or cracks and are kept tight in the tool.  Employees using hand and power tools and exposed to the hazard of falling, flying, abrasive, and splashing objects, or exposed to harmful dust, fumes, mists vapors, or gases are provided with particular personal protective equipment necessary to protect them from the hazard.

ELECTRICALLY POWERED TOOLS

Supervisors will ensure that portable electrical tools are:  Double-insulated or grounded in accordance with Practice 000.653.3309, Electrical Work Safety.  UL-listed, 115 or 220 volts AC or AC/DC marked accordingly by the manufacturer.  Equipped with a constant pressure switch that shuts off power when pressure is released by the operator.

Note: Hand-held power grinders with wheels 2 inches (5.1 centimeters) or less in diameter, and routers, planers, laminate trimmers, nibblers, shears, scroll saws, and jig saws with blade shanks 1/4 inch (0.6 centimeters) wide or less, may be equipped with a positive “ON-OFF” switch.

PNEUMATIC TOOLS

Supervisors will ensure that portable pneumatic tools are equipped with:  A tool retainer to prevent the tool from being ejected. Equip nailers or staplers that operate at more than 690 kPa (100 psi) pressure and have automatic fastener feed with a safety device on the muzzle to prevent unexpected ejection of the fasteners.  Pressure reduction devices to prevent any hose with an inside diameter of 1/2 inch (1.3 centimeters) or greater from whipping in the event of hose failure.  “Deadman” switches.  A positive means to secure the tool to the hose or whip to prevent the tool from becoming accidentally expelled.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

HYDRAULIC POWER TOOLS

Fluids used in hydraulic powered tools will be fire-resistant fluids approved under Schedule 30 of the Bureau of Mines.

POWDER-ACTUATED TOOLS

Supervisors will ensure that:  Operators of powder-actuated tools are qualified (and “licensed” if applicable) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, and this qualification is documented.  Powder-actuated tools and loads are locked in a container, stored in a safe place when not in use, and are accessible only to authorized employees.  Tools are operated in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Only the types of fastener and powder loads recommended by the tool manufacturer are used.

Note: Potential exposure to lead is assessed in accordance with Practice 000.653.2005, Lead Exposure.

Employees are responsible for the following:  Before use, inspect and test the tool in accordance with the testing methods recommended by the manufacturer to determine if it is in proper working condition.  Know, to the extent possible, what is on the other side of material(s) being fastened.  Before driving a fastener, check the line of fire to ensure that no one may be hurt if the fastener penetrates completely through the work surface.  Use with the correct shield, guard, and/or attachments specified by the manufacturer.  Fasteners are not to be driven into very hard or brittle materials; including cast iron, glazed tile, hardened steel, glass block, natural rock, hollow tile, or face brick.  Fasteners are not to be driven into easily penetrated materials or materials of questionable resistance, unless backed by a material that prevents the fastener from passing completely through the other side.  Tools are not loaded until just before the intended firing time.  Neither loaded nor empty tools are pointed at any person; hands are kept clear of the open barrel end.  The tool is held perpendicular to the work surface when fastening into any material, except for specific applications recommended by the tool manufacturer.  In the event of a misfire, the operator holds the tool firmly against the work surface for a period of 30 seconds and then follows the explicit instructions set forth by the tool manufacturer.  A sign, at least 8 × 10 inches (20.3 x 25.4 centimeters) using boldface type at least 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) in height, is posted in plain sight in areas where these tools are used. The sign says: “POWDER-ACTUATED TOOL IN USE” or something similar.  The tool is not used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 Tools are inspected, cleaned, maintained, and tested after each 1,000 fastenings. Documentation of each inspection, cleaning, and testing is retained in the workplace.  When misfired, cartridges are handled and disposed of according to the material safety data sheet/International Chemical Safety Card (ICSC).

ABRASIVE WHEELS AND TOOLS

Supervisors will ensure that employees working with grinding machines, cut-off machines, or other applications for abrasive wheels are trained in their safe operation and maintenance. Employees are responsible for the following:  Abrasive wheels are handled and stored in a manner that prevents damage to the wheels.

Note: Do not allow abrasive wheels to be placed in a manner that could collect foreign materials such as dirt.

 Abrasive wheels and the mounting hardware or components of machines on which they are mounted are not modified or altered.  Abrasive wheels are the correct size and type for the machine on which they are to be mounted and for the work to be performed.  Abrasive wheels are “ring tested” before mounting, and visually inspected before use daily.  After mounting, new wheels are run at least 1 minute at full speed before work is applied or employees stand in front of, or in-line with, the wheel.

WOODWORKING TOOLS

Portable, power-driven circular saws must be equipped with a blade diameter greater than 2 inches (5.1 centimeters) with guards above and below the bare plate or shoe. The upper guard covers the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to permit the base to be tilted for bevel cuts. The lower guard covers the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc required to allow proper retraction and contact with the work. The lower guard automatically and instantly returns to covering position when the tool is withdrawn from the work. Radial arm saws will be equipped with an automatic brake.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

BANANA WEDGE – SAFE USE GUIDELINES

Training

All employees who may be tasked with utilizing banana wedges must be trained on the proper usage of the tool. This training must be completed on each job before using the banana wedges. The training must be recorded on the Training / Education Attendance Log 000.653.F0269, and kept in the project file. Training must include the following elements:  Hazard Assessment  Proper PPE  Inspection procedures  Proper Configuration / Use

It is the responsibility of the Site Manager to ensure that all employees that may be tasked with utilizing banana wedges receive this training.

Proper Wedge Configuration

Wedges must be purchased with ¼ inch holes, approximately 1 ½ inch from the tip of the barrel and will be linked together with 1/8 inch poly coated wire rope and a compression clamp that will withstand failure should the wedges dislodge. The barrel of all banana wedges shall be painted red from the tip of the barrel to the end of the flat surface. This will identify a stop point when the red reaches the flange surface.

Inspection Procedures

Banana wedges must be visually inspected before each use. Deficiencies to look for are, broken or loose connections, faded or missing paint, chipped metal, bent wedges, or mushroomed heads. Banana wedges that are do not pass visual inspection must be placed out of service if repairs are needed. If the wedges cannot be repaired they must be removed from the jobsite.

Hierarchy of Controls

Flange Spreaders or similar alternative means are to be considered as the primary choice for opening flanges where feasible. Only after exhausting other options are banana wedges to be considered as a means of completing the task.

Hazard Assessment / Pre Task Planning

A supervisor must complete a hazard assessment to determine if banana wedges are the appropriate tool for the task. The supervisor is to examine the work area, consider potential body positioning, places to secure wedges, etc.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

During the pre-task planning process, the entire crew must be involved in the Safety Task Assignment meeting and will discuss the hazards involving banana wedges. Banana wedges must be listed on the STA along with the risks they pose, and how those risks are to be mitigated. Each crew member must sign on to the STA. All work above head level will require a work platform sufficient enough to keep the employee from over extending while performing the task.

Personal Protective Equipment

Face shields shall be worn at all times when utilizing banana wedges. All employees assisting in the task that are in the immediate area must also wear face shields. When full-face respirators are in use face shields will not be required.

Unprotected / Exposed Blade Cutting Devices

The use of personal pocket knives, utility knives, retractable cut off blades, or other similar unprotected / exposed blade cutting devices are strictly prohibited for use on P2S jobsites. These tools are not an approved cutting device and shall not be used. Alternative tools such as cutting shears, scissors, and other protected blade cutting tools shall be utilized for cutting of job site materials in order to minimize the potential for employee injury.

GENERAL HAND TOOL SAFETY

 When using hand tools i.e. wrenches, etc. the employee must ensure correct body postion is utilized to minimize body twisting, excessive back strain, and the face is not in the line of fire.

 All tools and equipment shall be in good condition. Broken or defective tools shall be identified by red tape and physically removed from service until replaced or repaired.

 Hand tools such as chisels, punches, which develop mushroomed heads during use, reconditioned or replaced as necessary.

 Broken or fractured handles on hammers, axes and similar equipment replaced promptly.

 Worn or bent wrenches replaced regularly.

 Appropriate handles used on files and similar tools.

 Employees made aware of the hazards caused by faulty or improperly used hand tools.

 Appropriate safety glasses, face shields, and similar equipment used while using hand tools or equipment that might produce flying materials or be subject to breakage.

 Jacks checked periodically to assure they are in good operating condition.

 Tool handles wedged tightly in the head of all tools.

 Tool cutting edges kept sharp so the tool will move smoothly without binding or skipping.

 Tools stored in dry, secure location where they won't be tampered with.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 Eye and face protection used when driving hardened or tempered spuds or nails.

Portable (Power Operated) Tools & Equipment (The use of employee owned power tool is prohibited)

 Grinders, saws, and similar equipment provided with appropriate safety guards.

 Power tools used with the correct shield, guard or attachment recommended by the manufacturer.

 Portable circular saws equipped with guards above and below the base shoe.

 Circular saw guards checked to assure they are not wedged up, thus leaving the lower portion of the blade unguarded.

 Rotating or moving parts of equipment guarded to prevent physical contact.

 All cord-connected, electrically operated tools and equipment effectively grounded or of the approved double insulated type.

 Effective guards in place over belts, pulleys, chains, and sprockets, on equipment such as concrete mixers, air compressors, and the like.

 Portable fans provided with full guards or screens having openings 1/2 inch or less.

 Hoisting equipment available and used for lifting heavy objects, and are hoist ratings and characteristics appropriate for the task.

 Ground-fault circuit interrupters provided on all temporary electrical 15 and 20 ampere circuits, used during periods of construction.

 Pneumatic and hydraulic hoses on power-operated tools checked regularly for deterioration or damage. Abrasive Wheel Equipment Grinders  The work rest used and kept adjusted to within 1/8 inch of the wheel.

 The adjustable tongue on the top side of the grinder used and kept adjusted to within 1/4 inch of the wheel.

 Side guards cover the spindle, nut, and flange and 75 percent of the wheel diameter.

 Bench and pedestal grinders permanently mounted.

 Goggles or face shields always worn when grinding.

 The maximum RPM rating of each abrasive wheel compatible with the RPM rating of the grinder motor.

 Fixed or permanently mounted grinders connected to their electrical supply system with metallic conduit or other permanent wiring method.

 Each grinder has an individual on and off control switch.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 Each electrically operated grinder effectively grounded.

 Before new abrasive wheels are mounted, they are visually inspected and ring tested.

 Dust collectors and powered exhausts provided on grinders used in operations that produce large amounts of dust.

 Splashguards mounted on grinders that use coolant, to prevent the coolant reaching employees.

 Cleanliness maintained around grinder.

Powder Actuated Tools

 Employees who operate powder-actuated tools shall be trained in their use and carry a valid operator's card.

 The powder-actuated tools being used have written approval of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health.

 Each powder-actuated tool stored in its own locked container when not being used.

 A sign at least 7" by 10" with bold type reading "POWDER-ACTUATED TOOL IN USE" conspicuously posted when the tool is being used.

 Powder-actuated tools left unloaded until they are actually ready to be used.

 Powder-actuated tools inspected for obstructions or defects each day before use.

 Powder-actuated tools operators have and use appropriate personal protective equipment such as hard hats, safety goggles, safety shoes and ear protectors.

Machine Guarding

 There is a training program to instruct employees on safe methods of machine operation.

 There is adequate supervision to ensure that employees are following safe machine operating procedures.

 There is a regular program of safety inspection of machinery and equipment.

 All machinery and equipment kept clean and properly maintained.

 Sufficient clearance provided around and between machines to allow for safe operations, set up and servicing, material handling and waste removal.

 Equipment and machinery securely placed and anchored, when necessary to prevent tipping or other movement that could result in personal injury.

 There is a power shut-off switch within reach of the operator's position at each machine.

 Electric power to each machine is locked out for maintenance, repair, or security.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 The noncurrent-carrying metal parts of electrically operated machines bonded and grounded.

 Foot-operated switches guarded or arranged to prevent accidental actuation by personnel or falling objects.

 Manually operated valves and switches controlling the operation of equipment and machines clearly identified and readily accessible.

 All emergency stop buttons colored red.

 All pulleys and belts that are within 7 feet of the floor or working level properly guarded.

 All moving chains and gears properly guarded.

 Splashguards mounted on machines that use coolant, to prevent the coolant from reaching employees.

 Methods provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards created at the point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips, and sparks.

 Machinery guards secure and so arranged that they do not offer a hazard in their use.

 Special hand tools are used for placing and removing material to protect the operator's hands.

 Revolving drums, barrels, and containers required to be guarded by an enclosure that is interlocked with the drive mechanism, so that revolution cannot occur unless the guard enclosure is in place, so guarded.

 Arbors and mandrels have firm and secure bearings and are they free from play.

 Provisions made to prevent machines from automatically starting when power is restored after a power failure or shutdown.

 Machines constructed so as to be free from excessive vibration when the largest size tool is mounted and run at full speed.

 Machinery is cleaned with compressed air, is air pressure controlled and personal protective equipment or other safeguards used to protect operators and other workers from eye and body injury.

 Fan blades protected with a guard having openings no larger than 1/2 inch, when operating within 7 feet of the floor.

 Saws used for ripping, equipped with anti-kick back devices and spreaders.

 Radial arm saws so arranged that the cutting head will gently return to the back of the table when released.

Lockout Blockout Procedures

 All machinery or equipment capable of movement, required to be de-energized or disengaged and blocked or locked out during cleaning, servicing, adjusting or setting up operations, whenever required.

 The locking-out of control circuits in lieu of locking-out main power disconnects prohibited.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 All equipment control valve handles provided with a means for locking-out.

 The lockout procedure require that stored energy (i.e. mechanical, hydraulic, air,) be released or blocked before equipment is locked-out for repairs.

 Appropriate employees provided with individually keyed personal safety locks.

 Employees are required to keep personal control of their key(s) while they have safety locks in use.

 It is required that employees check the safety of the lock out by attempting a start up after making sure no one is exposed.

 The power disconnecting means for equipment does not also disconnect the electrical control circuit:

 The appropriate electrical enclosures identified.

 Means provided to assure the control circuit can also be disconnected and locked out.

Electrical

 Workplace electricians familiar with the OSHA Electrical Safety Regulations.

 Specify compliance with OSHA for all contract electrical work.

 All employees required to report as soon as practicable any obvious hazard to life or property observed in connection with electrical equipment or lines.

 Employees instructed to make preliminary inspections and/or appropriate tests to determine what conditions exist before starting work on electrical equipment or lines.

 When electrical equipment or lines are to be serviced, maintained or adjusted, necessary switches are opened, locked-out and tagged whenever possible.

 Portable electrical tools and equipment grounded or of the double insulated type.

 Electrical appliances such as vacuum cleaners, polishers, vending machines grounded.

 Extension cords being used have a grounding conductor.

 Multiple plug adapters prohibited.

 Ground-fault circuit interrupters installed on each temporary 15 or 20 ampere, 120 volt AC circuit at locations where construction, demolition, modifications, alterations or excavations are being performed.

 All temporary circuits protected by suitable disconnecting switches or plug connectors at the junction with permanent wiring.

 Exposed wiring and cords with frayed or deteriorated insulation is repaired or replaced promptly.

 Flexible cords and cables free of splices or taps.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 Clamps or other securing means provided on flexible cords or cables at plugs, receptacles, tools, and equipment and is the cord jacket securely held in place.

 All cord, cable, and raceway connections intact and secure.

 In wet or damp locations, electrical tools and equipment are appropriate for the use or location or otherwise protected.

 The location of electrical power lines and cables (overhead, underground, underfloor, other side of walls) is determined before digging, drilling or similar work is begun.

 Metal measuring tapes, ropes, hand lines or similar devices with metallic thread woven into the fabric prohibited where they could come in contact with energized parts of equipment or circuit conductors.

 All disconnecting switches and circuit breakers labeled to indicate their use or equipment served.

 Disconnecting means always opened before fuses are replaced.

 All interior wiring systems include provisions for grounding metal parts of electrical raceways, equipment and enclosures.

 All electrical raceways and enclosures securely fastened in place.

 All energized parts of electrical circuits and equipment guarded against accidental contact by approved cabinets or enclosures.

 Sufficient access and working space is provided and maintained about all electrical equipment to permit ready and safe operations and maintenance.

 All unused openings (including conduit knockouts) in electrical enclosures and fittings closed with appropriate covers, plugs or plates.

 Electrical enclosures such as switches, receptacles, junction boxes, etc., provided with tight-fitting covers or plates.

 Disconnecting switches for electrical motors in excess of two horsepower, capable of opening the circuit when the motor is in a stalled condition, without exploding. (Switches must be horsepower rated equal to or in excess of the motor hp rating).

 Low voltage protection is provided in the control device of motors driving machines or equipment, which could cause probably injury from inadvertent starting.

 Each motor disconnecting switch or circuit breaker is located within sight of the motor control device.

 Each motor located within sight of its controller or the controller disconnecting means is capable of being locked in the open position or is a separate disconnecting means installed in the circuit within sight of the motor.

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HAND AND / OR POWER TOOLS

 The controller for each motor is in excess of two horsepower, rated in horsepower equal to or in excess of the rating of the motor is serves.

P2S employees are prohibited from working on energized lines or equipment over 600 volts.

REFERENCES

Document ID Document ID 000.653.2005 Lead Exposure 000.653.3309 Electrical Work Safety Forms 000.653.F0269 Training/Education Attendance Log

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