Name:______Period:______Chapter 6 The Integumentary System I. Membrane types A. ______i. Lines ______cavities (______membranes). ii. Covers ______(______membranes). iii. Cells: simple ______epithelium & ______tissue iv. Secretion: ______(watery) fluid, for lubrication. B. ______i. Lines ______/tubes that open to the ______(mouth, nasal, anal, urinary, & reproductive). ii. Cells: ______and ______connective. iii. Secretion: ______cells make ______(thicker). C. ______i. Lines ______cavities between the ends of bones [Synovial joints=moveable]. ii. Cells: ______/______connective & ______. iii. Secretion: ______fluid-thick, colorless, ______the joints.

D. ______=skin II. The functions of the skin A. Protection from… i. ______ii. ______iii. ______B. ______body temperature C. Sensory i. ______ii. ______III. Layers of the skin A. ______[epi=upon, derm=skin] i. Cells: Stratified ______epithelium, ______direct blood supply. ii.. Layers: 1. ______-layer closest to ______membrane, nourished by underlying connective tissue. Cells travel upward, die and become ______(waterproof). *______carcinoma originates here. Most commonly found on:

2. ______-outer most layer of ______cells. *______=growth exceeds rub off rate. iii. ______(melan=black, cyte=cell). Cells release ______(pigment) to color skin. iv. ______protects the deeper tissues from ______light v. Skin Color 1. ______and ______light affect skin color. 2. ______in the dermis may affect skin color. *______: The most serious type of skin ______, develops in the cells that produce ______— the pigment that gives your skin its color. Melanoma can also form in your ______and, rarely, in internal organs, such as your intestines. Remember your ABCDs *______- the shape of one half does not match the other *______- the edges are ragged, blurred or irregular *______- the color in uneven and may include shades of black, brown and tan *______- there is a change in size, usually an increase B. ______i. Binds and supplies ______to epidermis. ii. Location of ______(touch), hair follicles, oil (______) glands, & sweat glands. iii. Fibrous connective tissue with ______(strength) and ______(elasticity). C. ______(hypodermis) i. Loose ______and ______(insulation/padding) IV. Accessory Organs of the Skin A. ______i. Found on all surfaces except palms, soles, lips, nipples, & parts of external genitalia ii. Hair ______1. The ______is at the bottom of an epidermal ______and is nourished by the blood vessels from the ______. 2. As the cells grow they die and become ______forming the ______. iii. Color 1. ______-amount of melanin present 2. No pigment= ______hair. iv. ______muscle 1. Smooth muscle (______) attached to each hair follicle. 2. Muscle contracts, shortens, hair stands on end= “______” 3. Caused by emotions or cold. B. ______Glands i. Usually attached to hair follicle. ii. ______- gland (entire cell w/product) secretes oily mixture, ______-keeps hair/skin soft and waterproof. {______-overactive sebaceous glands}

C. ______-protective covering on ends of fingers and toes. i. ______stratified squamous epithelial cells. ii. ______-location of cellular division iii. ______-(white half-moon- shaped area) growing region. iv. Nail bed-nail attached to D. ______Glands i. ______Glands 1. Not associated with hair follicles. 2. Found in ______, neck, & back. 3. Responds to rise in ______. 4. ______is released ______surface of skin via a ______. ii. ______Glands 1. Usually associated with ______. 2. Found in ______& groin 3. Begin functioning at ______4. Responds to ______. 5. ______formed by modified glands of this type.

V. Regulation of Body Temperature A. Normal set point is 37oC or 98.6oF. At this temperature metabolic processes work best. Any shift may disrupt the body’s reactions. B. Increase in body temperature (______). i. Body triggers the dermal blood vessels to relax (______) and the heat dissipates to the outside. ii. ______glands release fluid ______the skin surface, as fluid evaporates carries heat away. C. Decrease in body temperature (______). i. Blood vessels contract (______), which decreases the blood flow to reduce heat loss. ii. Sweat glands become ______. iii. Skeletal muscles contract to ______(shiver).

VI. Healing of Wounds A. ______-red, swollen; caused by blood vessels ______and forcing fluids to leave the vessels. This provides ______and ______to area. B. Shallow break- ______cells fill in gap. C. ______break [into dermis/subcutaneous] 1. Scab forms (dried blood) 2. ______form new collagen; binds edges together 3. ______cells remove debris 4. New ______tissue may be seen (a scar). VII. FYI A. ______: “bedsore” caused by ______blood supply, cells ______. Typically found on bony projections on body. B. Skin cells help produce Vitamin ______. The substance dehydrocholesterol (found in the digestive system or diet) makes its way to the skin and with exposure to UV light is converted to Vitamin D C. Skin assists with the ______system helping with the production of ______blood cells. Burn Information: Common Symptoms of Burns *______*Swelling *______*Peeling skin *______(pale, clammy skin, weakness, bluish lips and finger nails) *White or charred skin

First Degree Burns: Which layer of skin is affected?______Symptoms:______Example of cause:______

Second Degree burns: Which layers of skin is affected?______Symptoms:______

Third Degree Burns: Which layers of skin is affected?______Symptoms:______

Injections: name and location 1. ______2.______3.______4. ______

revised 9-09