Rosetta S Closest Encounter Final

ROSETTA’S CLOSEST ENCOUNTER – FINAL A-ROLL

Tape starts: 10:00:00 A-roll starts: 10:00:10

10:00:10 [Images of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasemenko] Never before has a comet been seen in such extraordinary detail or studied more closely. And now the next stage of the Rosetta mission is underway.

10:00:24 [Rosetta flyby animation] The spacecraft is no longer orbiting comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasemenko because of its activity. Instead it’s performing flybys - and one brought Rosetta to its closest ever encounter - just 6kms from the surface.

10:00:38 [Inset clip at Andrea ACCOMAZZO, Rosetta Flight Director, ESA] “What we will be doing is alternating far flybys, so maybe 50 kms or so with relatively low speed, with close flybys with higher speed and with these different flight conditions we will hope to be able to explore completely the environment of the comet.”

10:00:54 [Shots inside Planetary Missions Control Room, ESOC, and science images] The Rosetta orbiter’s manoeuvres are controlled here at the Planetary Missions Control Room in ESA’s European Space Operations Centre at Darmstadt in Germany. We already know a lot about the comet – including the exact signature of hydrogen present in its water - which indicated it was not the same as water on Earth.

The flybys allow Rosetta to continue taking measurements up close with the aim of further understanding the surface of the comet nucleus, the exact types of organic material on the comet and, by studying how different wavelength light reflects from the surface, the dust grains. Insight will also be gained about the comet’s atmosphere or coma.

10:01:8 [Inset clip Matt TAYLOR, Rosetta Project Scientist, ESA] “We’re looking at where the gas and dust start to accelerate from the surface and how the birth of the coma works and how the coma develops as it does to higher altitudes. This region has only been theoretically constrained or modeled. These will be the first measurement we make in this area, in this region, and that’s a really important target for us.”

10:02:01 [Comet outgassing images] During the next few months Rosetta wiIl examine how the nucleus activity increases to a maximum shortly after perihelion in August, its closest distance to the Sun. Rosetta will then measure how the activity wanes, to give the fullest picture yet of a comet’s activity cycle.

10:02:20 [Lander descent stages images] Even the unexpected series of bounces after Philae’s descent and landing in November had a positive side as, uniquely, they gave scientists multiple points of data from different parts of the comet’s surface. Philae is currently in hibernation, its whereabouts unknown.

10:02:38 [Comet image taken from the Philae lander] But we know from this image that Philae is in the shadow of what resembles a cliff or rocky overhang.

10:02:46 [Animation of lander] As the comet gets closer to the Sun, there’s a slim chance its solar panels could gain enough power to reactivate.

10:02:52 [Inset clip Andrea ACCOMAZZO] “Having Philae reactivate is not so likely but it’s not impossible. Philae was designed to hibernate. It was designed to switch off and to be able to reactivate itself. Of course we expected this to be a duration of a few days or a few weeks not a few months. We will see. Maybe we are lucky and the units have survived these months and we reactivate in June, July.”

10:03:16 [Rosetta flyby animation] Future flybys will try to pinpoint the lander’s exact location but this year the science focus is all about the orbiter. The flybys – two a month at distances from the comet ranging from 15 to 200 kms – will allow the nucleus to be studied at different resolutions. Rosetta will also be able to observe how the coma interacts with the solar wind.

10:03:31 [Spinning comet from sequence of images and close ups] So far Rosetta has only mapped about seventy per cent of the surface because the comet’s orbit and rotation kept certain areas in darkness. This year new regions will come into view alongside new activity on the surface and, in the summer, the orbiter will be in a unique position. The comet will be at the peak of its activity – and Rosetta will have a ringside seat.

10:04:09 B-ROLL

10:04:09 [TITLE] Andrea ACCOMAZZO, Rosetta Flight Director, ESA (English) 10:04:09 “In these flight segments where Rosetta flies next to the comet, Rosetta will be flying at the speed of roughly speaking 1 metre per second, so it’s is a walking speed, and will fly a distance which is 8km from the centre of the nucleus so roughly speaking 6 kms from the surface of the comet.” 10:04:36 “What we will be doing is alternating far flybys, so maybe 50 kms or so with relatively low speed, with close flybys with higher speed and with these different flight conditions we will hope to be able to explore completely the environment of the comet.” 10:04:53 “Having Philae reactivate is not so likely but it’s not impossible. Philae was designed to hibernate. It was designed to switch off and to be able to reactivate itself. Of course we expected this to be a duration of a few days or a few weeks not a few months. We will see. Maybe we are lucky and the units have survived these months and we reactivate in June, July.”

10:05:17 [TITLE] Andrea ACCOMAZZO, Rosetta Flight Director, ESA (Italian) 10:05:17 A description of what Rosetta will do in the closest approach flyby. 10:05:45 If Rosetta will be searching for Philae during the close flyby. 10:06:03 What Rosetta can obtain from this close flyby that hasn’t already been achieved.

10:06:27 [TITLE] Matt TAYLOR, Rosetta Project Scientist, ESA (English) 10:06:27 “There are a number of organics on the surface. We’re seeing those organics out in the coma, the outer atmosphere as well, but now the process is to define exactly what they are. Certainly we’re hoping to get some nice results from the lander as well to get what organics. We know that there are some signatures of organics there but specifiying exactly what they are is the challenge in the next few months.” 10:07:01 “We’re looking at where the gas and the dust start to accelerate from the surface and how that beginning of the coma, that birth of the coma works. So how the coma develops as it does to higher altitudes. This region has only been theoretically constrained or modelled. These will be the first measurements we make in this area, or this region, and that’s a really big important target for us.” 10:07:27 “The science has started now. We have the first results that give us the first comprehension of what we think the comet is, where it started from. Now for the rest of the year we’ll watch how the comet evolves. We’ll unlock how the comet works.”

10:07:40 [TITLE] Planetary Missions Control Room, ESOC, ESA GVs inside the Planetary Missions Control Room at ESA’s European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) at Darmstadt in Germany where the Rosetta flyby manoeuvres are controlled. Includes set up shots of Andrea Accomazzo.

10:10:27 [TITLE] Animation Rosetta flybys Animation showing how Rosetta stopped orbiting the comet in early February and is now doing a series of flybys. 10:11:35 [TITLE] Philae descent sequence A series of Philae lander descent images taken in November 2014 by the Rosetta orbiter.

10:12:08 [TITLE] Comet 67P images High resolution images of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasemenko. A coloured image from the ROSINA instrument showing the composition of the coma. Close up of comet with red circular outline showing Philae search area.

10:13:16 END of b-roll