Recommendation to Establish a Temporary/Experimental Course s1

RECOMMENDATION TO ESTABLISH A TEMPORARY/EXPERIMENTAL COURSE

Desired Effective Semester/Year: 2/2007 Desired Ending Semester/Year: 2/2007

Initiating Department or Committee: Architecture Date: 03/29/2007 14:38:51 Name and Phone Number of person completing this form: Sheila R Blackburn 621- 6752 [email protected]

COURSE TITLE Units of Credit - Course number: ARC 263 Min:3 Max:3 Course Title: The Concept of Sustainability: Evolution, Ethics and SIS Course Title: Propositions

COURSE DESCRIPTION The majority of the course will be devoted to exploring the multiple ramifications, challenges, and plausible solutions advocating a shift in worldwide development practices to ensure a basic quality of life for all people without compromising the dynamic vitality of our ecosystem.

Offering Contact Hours Crosslistings SummerI(III) Lecture 9 Course Dependencies

Name of instructor: Ignacio San Martin

CREDIT REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS May this course be repeated for credit? No . If yes, then: a. course may be repeated times. b. course may be repeated up to a total of units.

Is course available for Special Examination for Credit or Grade Option? No . If yes, then: a. GRD (Special Examination for Credit and Grade) OR b. CDT (Special Examination for Credit only)

Is course available for PASS/FAIL? No

Is course eligible for honors credit ? No . If yes, is it an: a. Honors course OR b. Honors eligible section c. Honors contract COURSE JUSTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS What programmatic need does this course satisfy? N a. required for departmental undergraduate majors. N b. required for departmental undergraduate minors. Y c. option for undergraduate majors. N d. proposed for General Education program N e. required in graduate curriculum. N f. option in graduate curriculum. Y g. other, specify gen ed offering

If course is 400/500, explain how the experiences of undergraduate and graduate students will be differentiated.

FUNDING ANALYSIS Is the proposal of this course associated with a new hire? N

What course, if any, does this course replace? (This course will be deleted upon creation of new course)

If no new hire and no course deletion, explain what adjustments will be made in current faculty teaching assignments. No adjustments needed since it's a summer course.

Notify the University Library for expected impact? N

What space and equipment needs are necessitiated by this course? Equipment: Space:

SYLLABUS

ARC 263 The Concept of Sustainability: Evolution, Ethics and Propositions Summer 2007 M,T,W,Th,F 11:00 – 12:45 Credit Hours : 3 School of Architecture University of Arizona Website Address: http://capla.arizona.ed

The issue of ecology is not that of scientific understanding but that of conscience and the problem that we face is the extension of that conscience from peoples to land. No important changes in ethics were ever accomplished without an internal change in our intellectual emphasis, loyalties, affections and convictions. Aldo Leopold Land Ethic 1944

The opposite of wealth is not poverty but sufficiency. Sufficiency is not a matter of sacrifice and deprivation…but a means of working out different ways of achieving satisfaction in our own lives. Jonathon Porritt Seeing Green: The Politics of Ecology Explained 1984

In the 21st century, increasingly, a livable community will be an economically powerful one. Al Gore Speech at the Brookings Institution 1998

Today the promise for improving urban livability rests on freeing the potential of people living in poverty. Millennium Summit, U. N. Habitat 2001

General Description For the past two decades, a significant amount of scientific research as well as public attention has taken place regarding the state of the environment and more notably relating to the need for achieving sustainable development practices. Yet, the ideas behind the concept of sustainability have been under evolution for much of the last century and a half uncovering a process of deep concern and apprehension regarding our human relationship with the Earth. Since its initial stages, the term sustainable development has been criticized as being ambiguous and is often used interchangeably with other contradictory terms. Nevertheless, within the past two decades, the term has been accepted worldwide, notably since the 1987 WCED conference and publication of the Brundtland’s report Our Common Future. As such, this course will take a broad trajectory outlining the evolution of the concept and explaining the ethical considerations of the term. But, the majority of the course will be devoted to exploring the multiple ramifications, challenges, and plausible solutions advocating a shift in worldwide development practices to ensure a basic quality of life for all people without compromising the dynamic vitality of our ecosystem.

Course Objectives The course is design to provide students with a critical exploration of the issues contributing to sustainable development and be familiar with strategies to achieve such objectives: As such, the course attempts to accomplish the following: 1. To gain a historical understanding of the ethical and theoretical context from which the ideas of sustainability take their place and position. 2. To encourage critical thinking supported by research-base knowledge. 3. To be conversant with the social, technological and cultural ramifications of sustainability. 4. To foster the skills require in oral and written communication. 5. To help understanding the role of research in guiding theory building.

Instructor Ignacio San Martin, Professor Coordinator, Architecture Graduate Program in Urban Design Architecture Room 314 520-621-6744 (messages) 520-621-6751 (office) [email protected]

Office Hours: M,T After class 1:00 to 2:00

Books: Texts 1 Stephen M. Wheeler and Timothy Beatley (2004) The Sustainable Urban Development London, Routledge 2 Von Wetzsakcer, Ernst and H and A Lovins (1997) Factor Four: Doubling Wealth, Halving Resource Use London, Earthscan Publications

Reader A brief Reader will be distributed to the class Attendance: Attendance is mandatory and crucial to successful completion of the class. Absences will be excused only for documented medical or family emergencies. Deadlines for assignments in other classes or a student's work hours do not constitute legitimate excuses for absences from section.

NAAB Performance Criteria The National Architectural Accreditation Board identifies 37 performance criteria to “constitute the minimum requirements for meeting the demands of an internship leading to registration for practice.” The criteria, which this course meets, are listed at the upper right corner of page one of this syllabus. More information on accreditation and a list of the performance criteria can be found on the NAAB’s web site at http://www.naab.org.

Academic Policies Academic policies for this course can be found in The University of Arizona 2000-2001 General Academic Catalog (http://catalog.arizona.edu/catalog 2000-01). Refer specifically to the section titled “Code of Academic Integrity” for the principles, policies and procedures governing issues of academic integrity. More detailed information can be found at http://w3.arizona.edu/~studpubs/handbook/policyframe.html or in the Dean of Students office, Rm. 203 Old Main

Grading: All work will be graded on a 100-point system and then weighted according to the following percentages for computation of the final course grade:

Course Examination: Grade scale Exercise I 20% 90-100 A Excellent Exercise II 40% 80 - 89 B Good Exercise III Final Oral Student 70 - 79 C Average Presentation 40% 60 - 69 D Poor 100% 0 - 59 E Failing

All assignments must be completed in order to receive a passing grade in the class. There will be no incompletes awarded unless the student has a written medical excuse.

Course Outline Week 1 Introduction to the Course June 4th Evolutionary Perspectives Readings: • George Perking Marsh Human Responsibility for the Land (1864) Reader • Henry David Thoreau The Value of Wildness (1851) Reader June 5th • Lewis Mumford Cities and The Crisis of Civilization (1938) Text Chapter 1, pp 15-19 • Aldo Leopold The Land Ethic (1949) Text Chapter 1, pp 20-29 June 6th • Rachel Carson The Obligation to Endure (1962) Reader • René Dubos The Fitness of the Environment (1968) Reader June 7th • Ian Mc Harg The Plight and Prospect (1969) Text, Chapter 1, pp 35- 38 • Arn Naess Deep Ecological Movement: Some Philosophical Aspects (1986) Reader June 8th Video: The Unexpected Universe, National Academy of Sciences. PBS series: Space Age

Exercise 1 Written paper (3 page single space max.) due June 11th

Week 2 The Concept of Sustainability in late 20th Century Readings: June 11th • Paul Hawken A Declaration of Sustainability (1993) Reader • The Brundtland Commission (WCED) Our Common Future (1987) Text, Chapter 1, pp 52-57 • The Rio Declaration Agenda 21 and the Istanbul Declaration (1992) Text, Chapter 1, pp 58-65 + The Challenge from Rio Von Wetzsackcer, Ernst and H. and A. Lovins (1997) Text, Chapter 8, pp 213-268

June 12th Dimensions of Sustainability: Part I • Donella Meadows et al. Perspectives, Problems and Models (1972) Text, Chapter 1, pp 42-46

June 13th Land Use and Urban Design • Peter Calthorp The New American Metropolis (1993) Text, Chapter 2, pp 73- 80 • Jan Gehl Outdoor Spaces and Outdoor Activities ((1980) Chapter 2, pp 81-85 • Meg Calkins Cooling the Blacktop: Pavement strategies to reduce the urban heat island effect (2007) Reader June 14th Videos: Back from the Brink: Saving America’s Cities by Design (1996) The American Architectural Foundation

June 15th Transportation • Robert Cerbero Transit and the Metropolis: Finding Harmony (1998) Text, Chapter 2, pp 89-96 • Peter Newman and J. Kenworthy Traffic Calming Text, Chapter 2, pp 97-103

Week 3 Dimensions of Sustainability: Part II Readings: June 18th Sustainable Cities: Energy and Material Use • Herbert Girardet The Metabolism of Cities (1999) Text, Chapter 2, pp 125- 132 • John Tillman Lyle Waste as a Resource (1994) Text, Chapter 2, pp 133-140

June 19th Bioclimatic Architecture • William McDonough Design, Ecology, Ethics and the Making of Things (1993) Text, Chapter 2 pp 181-187 • Brenda and Robert Vale Green Architecture (1991) Text, Chapter 2, pp 188- 192 June 20th Video: Design e2 PBS series

June 21st Environmental Justice and Social Equity • Timothy Beatley Land Development and Endangered Species: Emerging Conflicts (1994) Text Chapter 2 pp 116- 119 • Dolores Hyden Domesticating Urban Space (1984) Text, Chapter 2, pp 150- 156 + Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton Segregation and the Making of the Underclass (1993) Reader June 22nd Sustainability Indicators • Virginia McClaren Urban Sustainability Reporting (JAPA) (1996) Text, Chapter 3, pp 203-210 • Mathis Wackernagel and W. Rees The Ecological Footprint (1996) Text, Chapter 3 pp 211-218

VIDEO The Ecological Footprint Mathis Wakernagle

Exercise 2 Written paper (3 page single space max.) due June 25h

Week 4 Dimensions of Sustainability Part III: The Challenge June 25th Sustainability and the Global Economy • Saskia Sassen The Urban Impact of Economic Globalization (2000) Reader • Sir Peter Hall The Millennial Challenge: A Global Agenda (2000) Reader June 26th Global Warming • Mark Maslin Introduction and Chapter 1 What is Global Warming? (2004) Reader • Mark Maslin Chapter 4 What is the Evidence for Climate Change? Reader

June 27Th Video: An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency to Global Warming Vice President Gore

June 28th Sustainable Indicators: National and International Urban Development • Ignacio San Martin Re-Thinking Urban Futures: Toward a Livability Agenda? (20006) Reader • Timothy Beatley Sustainability in European Cities: A Review of Practice (2003) Text, Chapter 4 pp 249-258

June 29Th Sustainable Economics: Finding Efficiency in Consumption/Production Cycles • The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Council (OECD) (1998) Paris Executive Summary and Introduction Reader

Week 5 Sustainability: Some Possible Solutions and Prospects for Progress July 2 Student’s Presentation on Sections from: Text by Von Wetzsackcer, Ernst and H and A Lovins (1997) Factor Four: Doubling Wealth, Halving Resource Use London, Earthscan Publications July 3 • Introduction: More for Less pp xviii- xxix • Energy Productivity: Twenty Examples Chapter 1 pp4-67 July 4 • Material Productivity: Ten Examples Chapter 2 pp 68-109 • Transportation Productivity: Ten Examples Chapter 3 pp 112-136 July 5th Class Discussion: Reflections from the Course

Bibliography Barzun, Jacques (2000) From Dawn To Decadence 500 Years of Western Cultural Life: 1500 to the Present New York, Perennial, Harper Collins Publishers Blueprint for a Sustainable Bay Area (1996) Urban Ecology Inc., San Francisco, Darma Enterprises Bressers, TH and Walter, A. Rosenbaum ed (2003) Achieving Sustainable Development: The Challenge of Governance Across Social Scales London Praeger Commonwealth of Massachusetts State Sustainability Program, (2004) Agency Sustainability Planning and Implementation Guide, Boston Massachusetts Carlson, Rachel (1962) Silent Spring New York, Houghton and Miffin Costanza, Robert ed. (1991) Ecological Economics: The Sciences and Management of Sustainability, New York, Columbia University Press Eckbo, Garret (1950) Landscape for Living New York Architectural Record Reprinted in 2002 by Hennessey & Ingalls No. 23 Franklin Associates, Ltd. (1994). Characterization of Municipal Solid Wastes in the United States: 1994 Update. Washington DC: EPA Report No. 530-S-94-042. Girardet, Herbert (1993) The Gia Atlas of Cities: New Directions for Sustainable Urban Living, New York, Doubleday Glacken, Clarence (1967) Traces on the Rhodian Shore, Berkeley, University of California Press Hall, Sir Peter and Ulrich Pfeiffer (2000) Urban Future 21: A Global Agenda for 21st Century Cities World Commission Report on the Berlin’s 2000, Global Conference on Urban Futures, URBAN 21. New York, E&FN Spon, Taylor & Francis Group Publishers Hough, Michael (1995) Cities and Natural Process London, Routledge Jackson, A M et al ed. (1994) Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability Washington, Island Press Lélé, Sarachchandra, (1991) Sustainable Development: A Critical Review World Development Vol. 19, No. 6 Licon, Carlos (2004) unpublished Doctoral Dissertation An Evaluation Model of Sustainable Development Possibilities, Arizona State University Marsh, George Perkins (1884) Man and Nature: Or Physical Geography as Modified by Human Nature Boston, Reprinted by Harvard University Press 1965 Maslin Mark (2004) Global Warming: A very Short Introduction Oxford University Press McHarg (1981) Human Ecological Planning at Pennsylvania Landscape Planning Amsterdam, Elsevier pp. 109-120 Mc Harg (1969) Design with Nature Garden City New York, The Natural History Press Nash, Roderick (1990) American Environmentalism New York , Mac Graw-Hill McNeill, J. R. (2000) An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, New York, W.W. Norton and Co. Olgyay, Victor (1963) Design with Climate New Jersey, Princeton University Press Partners For Livable Communities (2004) Livability Indicators Criteria Washington DC Pearce, David, Anil Markandya, Edward Barbier (1989) Blueprint for a Green Economy London, Earthscan Publications Piel, Gerard and Osborn Segerberg ed.(1990) The World of René Dubos: A Collection From His Writings New York, Henry Holt & Co. Pierce, David &Giles, Atkinson (1993) Capital Theory and Measurement of Sustainable Development: As Indicator of “weak” Sustainability Ecological Economics, Vol. 8 No. 2 Portney, Kent (2003) Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously Cambridge, MIT Press Putman, Robert (2000) Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, New York, Simon and Schuster Register, Richard (2002) Ecocities: Building Cities in Balance with Nature Berkeley, Hills Books Redclift, Michael, (1987) Sustainable Development: Exploring its Contradictions London, Methuen & Co. Roseland, Mark (1992) Toward Sustainable Communities, National Roundtable on the Environment and the Economy, Ottawa Sustainable Seattle: Indicators of Sustainable Community (1998) City of Seattle, Washington State Stiglitz, Joseph (2002) Globalization and its discontents New York: W. W. Norton Suzuki, David (2003) The David Suzuki Reader, Vancouver, Greystone Books United Nations Center for Human Settlements (Habitat) Cities in a Globalizing World: Global Report on Human Settlements 2001 London, Earthscan Publishers Veenhoven, Ruut & Piet Ouweneel (1995) Livability of the Welfare-State Social Indicators Research Vol 36, Von Weizsäcker, Ernst, Amory Lovins and Hunter Lovins (1997) Factor Four: Doubling Wealth - Halving Resource Use London, Earthscan Publications Wackernagel, Mathis and William Rees (1996) Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, British Columbian, New Society Publishers Wilkinson, Charles (1992) Crossing the Next Meridian: Land Water and the Future of the West, Washington DC, Island Press Worldwatch Institute (2007) State of the World: Our Urban Future New York, W.W. Norton and Company Yanarella, Ernest and Richard Levine. (1992a). Does Sustainable Development Lead to Sustainability? Futures 24(8) Zimmerman et al eds (2001 3rd ed.) Environmental Philosophy New Jersey, Prentice Hall