Efficacy of Peer Interventions for HIV

Electronic Supplemental Material. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117) Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS Cottler, et al., 1998, 725 Cocaine/Crack Users Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3 month Rsexb: 0/1

USA(1) c AOD : 1/1 DiClemente, et al., 1995, 128 African-American Females Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3 month HIVKnowd: 0/1

USA(2) e Att/Cog : 5/8 Ergene, et al., 2005, 387 University Students Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest HIVKnowd: 1/1

Turkey(3) e Att/Cog : 1/1 Gifford, et al., 1998, 71 Male PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3 month Biog: 0/1

USA(4) d HIVKnow : 0/1

Att/Coge: 2/10 Gollub et al., 2010, USA(5) 189 Female Drug Users Formal Meetings/Structured Group 3 months Rsexb: 6/8

HIVKnowd: 1/1 Grinstead, et al., 1999, 414 Inmates Formal One-on-One 2 weeks Rsexb: 1/1

USA(6) c AOD : 0/1 Electronic Supplemental Material. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117) Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS CONT. Hong et al., 2009 , China(7) 737 Married Women Formal One-on-One 13 months Rsexb: 1/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

1 Efficacy of Peer Interventions for HIV

Jahanfar et al., 2009, 530 School Based Youths Formal Meetings/Structured Group Posttest Rsexb: 0/1

Malaysia(8) d HIVKnow : 1/1

Att/Coge: 1/1 Kelly, et al., 1994, 187 Women Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3 month Rsexb: 2/3

Att/Coge: 2/5 Latkin et al., 2009, USA and 1123 IDUh PoLi Every 6 months for Biog: 0/1

Thailand(10) 30 months b Rsex : 0/5

AODc: 0/7 Latkin, et al., 2003, 252 Substance Users Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 6 month Rsexb: 1/1

USA(11) c AOD : 3/3 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Intervention RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS CONT. Li et al., 2010, China(12) 2237 School Based Youth Formal meetings/Structured Group 3 months Rsexb: 1/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 1/1 McKirnan et al., 2010, 313 MSMj PLWHAf Formal One-on-One 6 & 12 months Rsexb: 4/7

USA(13) c AOD : 1/1 Morisky, et al., 2005, 700 Male Taxi and Tricycle Outreach Posttest, 16-18 Rsexb: 1/1

Phillipines(14) Drivers months, 31-33 d HIVKnow : 1/1 months Att/Coge: 1/1

Naar-King et al., 2010, 87 PLWHAf Formal One-on-One 12 months Oth Non-selfk: 2/2

USA(15) Outlaw et al., 2010 USA(16) 188 MSMj Formal One-on-One Posttest Oth Non-selfk: 2/2 Pearson, et al., 2007, 350 PLWHAf Formal One-on-One 1.5, 6 & 12 months Biog: 0/2

Mozambique(17) e Att/Cog : 1/1

Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS CONT. Quirk, et al., 1993, 214 Female Non- School Based Outreach Posttest, 1 month Att/Coge: 1/2

USA(18) Youth Rosenblum, et al., 2005, 157 Male Non-School Based Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 12 months AODc: 2/4

USA(19) Youth Formal One-on-One, Other Sherman et al., 2008, 983 Adolescent Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3, 6, 9 & 12 months Biog: 0/1

Thailand(20) Methamphetamine Users b Rsex : 1/1

AODc: 1/1

Sherman et al., 2009 983 Methamphetamine Users Formal Meetings/Structured Group 12 months Biog: 0/1

Thailand(21) b Rsex : 0/1

AODc: 0/1 Sikkema et al., 2000, 690 Women PoLi 12 months Rsexb: 2/2

Att/Coge: 3/4

Study Location Duration Interventiona RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS CONT. Simoni et al., 2007, USA(23) 136 PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 3 & 6 months Biog: 0/1

Formal One on One e Att/Cog : 2/5

Oth Non-Selfk: 0/1 Simoni et al., 2009, USA(24) 224 PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 3, 6, & 9 months Biog: 1/4

Formal One-on-One k Oth Non-Self : 0/2

Att/Coge: 1/2 Surrat et al., 2010 USA(25) 806 Drug Using Female Sex- Formal Meetings/Structured Group 3 & 6 months Rsexb: 1/2

Workers c AOD : 0/2

Att/Coge: 1/1 Teti et al., 2010, USA(26) 184 Female PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Group 6, 12, & 18 months Rsexb: 0/1

Att/Coge: 0/1 Velasquez et al, 2009, 253 MSMj PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 3 month Rsexb: 0/1

USA(27) Formal One-on-One c AOD : 2/3 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS CONT. Webel, 2010, USA(28) 89 Women Formal Meetings/Structured Group 3 & 7 weeks Biob: 0/2

Att/Coge: 2/9 QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON)

Agha, et al., 2002, 913 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 month Att/Coge: 5/5

Zambia(29) Agha, et al., 2004, 416 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 weeks, 6 months Rsexb: 1/3

Zambia(30) e Att/Cog : 4/5 Asamoah, 1994, Ghana(31) 180 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest Att/Coge: 1/2 Basu, et al., 2004, India(32) 200 Sex workers Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 5, 10, & 15 months Rsexb: 2/2 Borgia, et al., 2005, Italy(33) 1295 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 3/3 Brieger, et al., 2001, Nigeria 1784 School and Non-School Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 18 months Att/Coge: 5/12 and Ghana(34) Based Youths Formal One on One, Outreach

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Broadhead, et al., 1998, 550 IDUh Outreach 6 months Rsexb: 2/2

USA(35) c AOD : 4/8 Broadhead, et al. 2006, 758 IDUh Outreach 6 months Rsexb: 1/2

Russia(36) c AOD : 7/8 Caron, et al., 2004, 1004 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 weeks & 9 Rsexb: 1/2

Canada(37) months e Att/Cog : 15/17 Chang et al., 2010, 1336 PLWHAf on ARTl Formal Meetings/Structured Group, Every 24 months Biog: 4/11

Uganda(38) Formal One-on-One, PoL up to two years Chiao, et al., 2008, The 907 Sex Workers Outreach Posttest Oth Non-Selfk: 1/1

Philippines(39) b Rsex : 0/1 Doyle et al., 2010, 13814 Non-School Based Outreach, Other 36 months Biog: 0/2

Tanzania(40) Youth Rsexb: 1/9

HIVKnowd: 2/3

Att/Coge: 0/1 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Dunn, et al., 1998, 160 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest HIVKnowd: 2/2

Canada(41) e Att/Cog : 6/6 Fisher, et al., 2002, USA(42) 1576 School Based Youth PoLi 1, 3, & 12 months Rsexb: 1/3

HIVKnowd: 5/6

Att/Coge: 5/12 Flowers, et al., 2002, 2276 MSMj Outreach 3 years Rsexb: 0/1

Scotland(43) e Att/Cog : 0/5 Fogarty, et al., 2001, 164 Female PLWHAf, Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 6, 12, & 18 months Rsexb: 0/4

USA(44) Formal One on One e 723 Women Att/Cog : 3/3 Ford, et al., 2000, 187 Female Sex Workers Other 5-6 months Biog: 1/1

Indonesia(45) b Rsex : 0/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Study Location Duration Interventiona

QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Futterman et al., 2010, South 160 Pregnant PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Group 6 months Rsexb: 0/9

Africa(46) d HIVKnow : 1/1

Att/Coge: 0/2 Grossberg, et al., 1993, 565 School Based Youth PoLi Posttest Att/Coge: 4/4

USA(47) Harper et al., 2009, USA(48) 378 Mexican American Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 months Rsexb: 4/8

Adolescent Females d HIVKnow : 2/1

Att/Coge: 5/5 Hayashi et al., 2010, 854 IDUh Outreach 6 months Rsexb: 0/1

Canada(49) c AOD : 1/10 Huang, et al., 2008, China(50) 3068 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest AODc: 0/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 3/4

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Kegeles, et al., 1996, 247 MSMj Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, Posttest Rsexa: 1/1

USA(51) Outreach e Att/Cog : 3/3 Kegeles, et al., 1999, 247 MSMj Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, Posttest and Rsexb: 1/2

USA(52) Outreach 12 months e Att/Cog : 3/3 Kelly, et al., 1991, USA(53) 659 MSMj PoLi 3 & 6 months Rsexb: 3/3

Kelly, et al., 1992, USA(54) 924 MSMj PoLi Posttest Rsexb: 3/3 Kelly, et al., 1997, USA(55) 442 MSMj PoLi 12 months Rsexb: 5/8 Kirby, et al., 1997, USA(56) 1,657 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 5 & 17 months Rsexb: 1/8

AODc: 0/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 2/22 Latkin, 1998, USA(57) 279 IDUh PoLi 3 months Rsexb: 1/1

AODc: 1/2 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Lemieux, et al., 2008, 306 School Based Youth PoLi, Outreach, Other 3 months Rsexb: 1/1

USA(58) e Att/Cog : 7/7 Luchters et al., 2008, 503 Female Sex Workers Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, Posttest Biog: 0/8

Kenya(59) Formal One on One, Outreach b Rsex : 8/10

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 3/3 Mahat et al., 2008, USA(60) 97 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 5 months Rsexb: 0/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1 Maro et al., 2007, 1128 School and Non-School Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest Att/Coge: 8/8

Tanzania(61) Based Youth Maro et al., 2009, 764 School and Non-School Formal Meetings/Structured Group Posttest Rsexb: 1/1

Tanzania(62) Based Youth d HIVKnow : 1/1

Att/Coge: 7/7

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Morisky et al., 2004, 3389 High-Risk Men Outreach 12 months Rsexb: 1/1

Philippines(63) e Att/Cog : 3/3 Morisky, et al., 2006, 897 Female Sex Workers Outreach 6 months Biog: 0/1

Phillipines(64) b Rsex : 1/1

HIVKnowd: 0/1

Att/Coge: 3/4 Morisky et al., 2010, 911 Female Sex Workers Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 24 months Rsexb: 1/1

Philipines(65) Formal One-on-One, Outreach, other d HIVKnow : 2/2

Att/Coge: 1/1 Morisky et al., 2010, 911 Female Sex Workers Formal Meetings/Structured Group, Posttest Oth Non-selfk: 1/1

Philipines(66) Formal One-on-One, Outreach, other b Rsex : 1/1

AODc: 1/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Study Location Duration Interventiona

QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Morisky, et al., 2005, 369 Female Bar Workers Outreach Posttest Oth Non-Selfk: 0/1

Philippines(67) b Rsex : 1/1 Norr, et al., 2004, 403 Women Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest Rsexb: 1/1

Botswana(68) d HIVKnow : 1/1

Att/Coge: 2/2 Ramesh et al., 2009, India(69) 2312 Female Sex Workers Outreach, Other 28-37 months Rsexb: 6/10 Safren et al., 2010, USA(70) 195 MSMj Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 3, 6, 9, & 12 Biog: 2/0

Formal One-on-One months k Oth Non-Self : 2/2

Rsexb: 2/2

AODc: 1/1 Sloan, et al., 2005, South 900 Retail Employees Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 4 years Rsexb: 0/1

Africa(71) d HIVKnow : 0/1

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Shulkin et al., 1991, USA(72) 142 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 2/2 Siegel et al., 1998, USA(73) 3635 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest, 6 & 12 HIVKnowd: 1/1

months e Att/Cog : 1/2 Sifunda et al., 2008, South 263 Inmates Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest, 3-6 HIVKnowd: 0/1

Africa(74) months

Att/Coge: 1/2 Speizer et al., 2001, 802 Non-School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 17 months Rsexb: 2/2

Cameroon(75) Formal One on One, Outreach e Att/Cog : 5/5 Ssewamala, et al., 2010(76) 260 AIDS-Orphaned Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 10 Months Rsexb: 3/5

Adolescents Formal One-on-One Stephenson et al., 2008, 27 Schools with over 9000 Formal Meeting/Structured Groups 7 year follow-up Att/Coge: 1/8

England(77) School Based Youth Swendeman et al., 2009, 220 Female Sex Workers Formal Meetings/Structured Group, PoLi, 16 months HIVKnowd: 4/4

India(78) e Outreach, Other Att/Cog : 5/5 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS (NON-RANDOMIZED COMPARISON) CONT. Van der Maas & Otte, 2009, 385 School Based Youths Outreach, Other 2 years Rsexb: 3/4

Nigeria(79) d HIVKnow :17/20

Att/Coge: 4/4 Wang, et al., 2005, China(80) 450 Men PoLi 5 months Rsexb: 3/3

Att/Coge: 2/2 Wolitski et al., 2005, US(81) 811 MSMj PLWHAf Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 3 & 6 months Rsexb: 3/5

Att/Coge: 0/1 Ye et al., 2009, China(82) 893 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 years Rsexb: 3/4

HIVKnowd: 2/2

Att/Coge: 2/2 CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) Barss et al., 2009, United 1903 School Based Youths Formal Meetings/Structured Group Posttest HIVKnowd: 13/17

Arab Emirates(83) Att/Coge: 9/10 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. Bassett, 1998, Zimbabwe(84) 40 Factories Other Every six months Biog: 1/1

for multiple years Benzaken, et al., 2007, 287 Sex Workers Outreach Monthly Rsexb: 4/4

Brazil(85) d HIVKnow : 1/1 Booth, et al., 2010, 722 IDUh Formal One-on-One 6 months Rsexb: 1/5

Ukraine(86) Formal Meeting/Structured Group, c AOD : 5/6 Outreach Broadhead, et al., 2002, 14 IDUh PLWHAf Formal One on One Weekly AODc: 2/2

USA(87) e Att/Cog : 2/2 Brown, et al., 2005, USA(88) 168 Community Members Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 months HIVKnowd: 1/1 Dolan, et al., 2004, 277 Substance Using Inmates Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest Rsexb: 0/2

Russia(89) c AOD : 0/1

HIVKnowd: 1/1

Study Location Duration Intervention CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. Elford, et al., 2001, UK(90) 1,000 MSMj PoLi 6, 12, & 18 months Rsexb: 0/1

AODc: 0/1

Att/Coge: 0/1 Golden et al., 2006, USA(91) 498 MSMj Outreach Posttest Biog: 2/5 Hammett, et al, 2007, IDUh Outreach 6, 12, 18, & 24 Biog: 1/2

Vietnam and China(92) months b Rsex : 1/1

AODc: 1/1 Hillman, et al., 1991, 143 Non-School Based Youth Other Posttest Att/Coge: 3/6

USA(93) Laukamm-Josten, et al., 2000, 928 Male Truck Drivers and Outreach 18 & 24 months Rsexb: 14/14

Tanzania(94) 743 Female Sex Workers e Att/Cog : 12/34 Leonard et al., 2000, 45 Female Sex Workers and Outreach 3 months Rsexb: 4/4

Senegal(95) 260 Male Truck Drivers d HIVKnow : 1/1

Study Location Duration Interventiona CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. Lyons, et al., 2006, USA(96) 62 MSMj Methamphetamine Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest Rsexb: 2/2

Users AODc: 1/1 Merakou et al., 2006, 702 School Based Youth Outreach Posttest HIVKnowb: 0/1

Greece(97) e Att/Cog : 0/3 Merati et al., 1997, 375 Non-School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 6 months HIVKnowd: 1/1

Indonesia(98) e Att/Cog : 3/3 Miller et al., 1990, USA(99) 148 MSMj Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 2/2

Miller et al., 2008, 1378 School Based Youth Outreach 2 years Rsexb: 1/3

Kenya(100) e Att/Cog : 2/4 Moongtui et al, 2000, 91 Healthcare Workers Other 1 month Oth Non-Selfk: 0/1

Thailand(101)

Study Location Duration Interventiona CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. O'Hara, et al., 1996, 31 School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Groups, 3 months Rsexb: 1/1

USA(102) Outreach e Att/Cog : 1/1 Özcebe, et al., 2004, 369 Non-School Based Youth Outreach 6 months HIVKnowd: 1/1

Turkey(103) Reznick et al., 2010, 202 Women Visiting Formal Meetings/Structured Group, 30 days Rsexb: 1/3

USA(104) Incarcerated Partners Formal One-on-One, Outreach d HIVKnow : 1/2

Att/Coge: 2/4 Ross et al., 2006, USA(105) 2,506 Inmates Formal Meetings/Structured Groups Posttest, 12 & 18 HIVKnowd: 1/1

months e Att/Cog : 2/2 Sergeyev, et al., 1999, 484 IDUh Outreach 3, 6, & 9 months Rsexb: 0/1

Russia(106) c AOD : 4/4 Singh et al., 1994, India(107) 1301 Female Sex Workers Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 2 years Rsexb: 1/1

Att/Coge: 1/1

Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117).

Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. Singh, 1998, India(108) 1084 Female Sex Workers Outreach 1 & 2 years Rsexb: 1/1

HIVKnowd: 2/2 Slap et al., 1991, USA(109) 241 Non-School Based Youth Formal One-on-One 2-6 weeks Rsexb: 2/2

HIVKnowd: 1/1 Somerville et al., 2006, 766 Latino MSMj PoLi Posttest Rsexb: 2/3

USA (US-Mexico border) d HIVKnow : 0/1 (110) Att/Coge: 3/3 Thompson & Harutyunyan, 300 Mothers Formal One-on-One 7 months HIVKnowd: 1/1

2009, Armenia(111) Formal Meetings/Structured Group,

Outreach Vaz, et al., 1996, 300 Male Inmates Formal Meetings/Structured Groups 6 months HIVKnowd: 1/1

Mozambique(112) Walden, et al., 1999, 424 Female Sex Workers and Outreach 5 years Rsexb: 3/10

Malawi(113) 347 Male Truck Drivers e Att/Cog : 2/7 Electronic Supplemental Material Cont. Studies of Peer-Based HIV Interventions by Study Design (N = 117). Author, Year, Target Population Intervention Modality Follow-up Results Supportive of

Study Location Duration Interventiona CROSS-SECTIONAL OR OTHER LESS RIGOROUS DESIGNS (NO COMPARISON GROUP) CONT. Weeks, et al., 2009, 523 IDUh and Crack Users Outreach Posttest Rsexb: 9/14

USA(114) c AOD : 8/14 Williams, et al., 2003, South 899 Miners, 121 Female Sex Outreach 2 year Biog: 2/8

Africa(115) Workers, and 400 Non-School

Based Youths Rsexb: 3/24

AODc: 1/4

HIVKnowd: 4/4 Zhang, et al., 2010, 218 MSMj Formal Meetings/Structured Group, PoLi 3 months Rsexb: 8/10

China(116) e Att/Cog : 1/1 Zuniga et al., 2009 USA(117) 286 Non-School Based Youth Formal Meetings/Structured Group Posttest HIVKnowd: 1/1

Att/Coge: 3/4 a Results supportive of intervention are reported as the number of results in a given domain supportive of the peer intervention / total number of results analyzed for that outcome; b Rsex = sexual risk behavior; c AOD = substance use; d HIVKnow = HIV knowledge; eAtt/Cog = attitudes and cognitions; f PLWHA = people living with

HIV/AIDS; g Bio = biomarkers; h IDU = injection drug users; i PoL = popular opinion leader; j MSM = men who have sex with men; k Oth Non-self = other non-self- reported outcomes; l ART = antiretroviral treatment.

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