Molten Rock That Comes to the Surface of the Earth Is Called

Geology: Change Over Time Teacher Post-Assessment

Please mark your answers on your 6. Which of the following is evidence answer sheet. of the occurrence of glaciers? a. V-shaped channel 1. When students measure how much b. deep gouges in bedrock water will flow through a soil, they c. sand dunes are testing the soil’s ______. d. winding channel a. porosity b. permeability 7. The slowing of which of these can cause a c. hardness delta to form? d. dissolvability a. winds b. glaciers 2. Which of these is a characteristic that c. rivers applies to all minerals? d. ocean tides a. They formed from organic matter. b. They have a crystalline structure. 8. When vinegar is used to test a mineral, c. They are a product of sedimentation. the sign of bubbling indicates it d. They lack a definite chemical could contain any of the following, composition. except______. a. limestone 3. All of the following are examples of b. calcite physical weathering except ____. c. cave deposits a. shattering of rocks due to falling d. quartz b. plant roots growing into the cracks in rocks 9. Which of the following individual particles is c. pressure release on rock layers so small that it cannot be seen with your d. rainwater dripping on limestone eyes or a regular microscope? a. gravel 4. Which of the following changes b. silt would cause the greatest increase in c. sand soil erosion? d. clay a. increasing the slope of the land b. adding additional organic matter 10. Under the right conditions, rocks can be c. growing more plants all of the following EXCEPT _____. d. using commercial fertilizers a. composed of only one mineral b. broken down to form sediments 5. Which is the most powerful agent of c. a renewable resource erosion here on earth? d. changed to any rock type a. wind b. glaciers 11. Sediments can be eroded and deposited c. running water by all of the following agents EXCEPT d. gravity a. water b. ice c. lava d. wind

1 Geology: Change Over Time Teacher Post-Assessment

12. Which of the following is an example of 17. Which of these is the cause of most a non-renewable resource? earthquakes? a. water a. a sudden solidification of magma b. petroleum b. a release of strain along a fault line c. solar energy c. a reversal of Earth’s magnetic field d. wind d. a gravitational shift within the Earth’s core

13. The Earth’s mantle is best described as 18. Which of these natural disasters is most which of these? likely to happen with little or no warning? a. a liquid, similar to magma, on which a. volcanic eruptions the crust floats b. hurricanes b. a solid that can deform in a plastic c. earthquakes manner d. tornadoes c. a liquid that becomes a solid d. a mixture of liquids, solids and 19. Along mid-oceanic ridges, tectonic gasses plates are moving apart. What process provides the heat energy that drives this 14. What property of minerals is least movement? useful in identifying common a. conduction minerals? b. convection a. color c. radiation b. hardness d. friction c. density d. acid reaction 20. Rift zones are products of ______. 15. Which of the following is a major a. diverging tectonic plates process in the water cycle? b. long term river erosion a. weathering c. continental ice sheets b. deposition d. colliding continents c. erosion d. condensation 21. Which of these is one of the three major 16. The Mariana Islands form a volcanic rock particle sizes found in soil? island arc. A student assumes that a. porosity one tectonic plate is sliding below b. loam another in the area. Which of these c. silt findings supports this assumption? d. organic debris a. A deep ocean trench is found along the edge of the arc. 22. Where does chemical weathering occur b. A transform fault lies between each most rapidly? of the islands. a. the desert c. The oceanic crust along the island b. the arctic arc is younger than the volcanic c. the rainforest islands. d. the tundra d. The fossils in one plate correspond to the fossils found in the other plate.

23. Erosion is most responsible for ____. 29. A nail is often used to test minerals. a. the cementation of rock fragments What is the purpose of using a nail to b. the carrying away of sediment test a mineral? c. the development of mineral crystals a. help determine the mineral’s d. the decomposition of organisms hardness b. conduct a color comparison to the 24. Fossils are generally found in what type mineral of rocks? c. produce a streak of the mineral a. rocks from volcanoes d. determine the mineral’s chemical b. sedimentary rocks reactivity c. metamorphic rocks d. rocks containing quartz 30. What property of a rock determines if it will float or sink? 25. Which of these is most easily oxidized a. Its mass when exposed to air? b. Its volume a. quartz c. Its color b. iron d. Its density c. nitrogen d. carbon 31. Which of these is most likely formed when a continental and oceanic plate 26. Which of these is explained by the collide? Theory of Plate Tectonics? a. An alpine glacier a. the formation of mountains b. A rain shadow desert b. the presence of meteor craters c. A rift valley c. the extinction of the dinosaurs d. A subduction zone d. the formation of continental glaciers 32. If a planet was discovered that had 27. Decaying organic matter is a major part tectonic plates that moved more of which of these? rapidly than those on Earth, which of a. soil the following must be more rapid than b. clay the same process on Earth? c. fossils a. tidal changes in the oceans d. sand b. formation of sedimentary rock c. convection currents in the mantle 28. Which of the following best defines a d. erosion of mountains soil’s texture? a. the ability of soil to drain water 33. Rainwater hitting the ground will be b. the abundance of microbes in soil more likely to soak into an aquifer if the soil c. the size of rock particles in the soil has what property? d. the depth of soil over the bedrock a. high levels of clay b. low levels of organic matter c. high permeability d. low porosity

34. Which of these is an NOT an example of a renewable energy resource? 36. The action of which of the following is a. wood most closely associated with chemical b. coal weathering of rocks? c. wind a. growth of lichens d. tides b. expansion of tree roots c. ocean waves d. release of pressure 35. In order for a metamorphic rock to be converted to a sedimentary rock, which of the following must occur first? a. the deposition of sediment from the rock b. the weathering of the rock c. the cementation of the rock d. the compression of sediments from the rock

The next three questions are based on the diagram below.

Heated & Compressed

37. What is the basic rock type found at point C? a. igneous intrusive b. igneous extrusive c. metamorphic d. sedimentary

38. What is the general term used for the material that is found at point 1? a. lava b. magma c. foliated d. sediment

39. Which of the following is a more appropriate term for the word, cooled, in the diagram? a. weathered b. crystallized c. metamorphosed d. cemented 4