CARLETON COUNTY – HISTORICAL DATA:

Revised To: January 27, 2010

HISTORY OF UPPER WOODSTOCK, Page 37, – By Maud walking or driving teams, and above them was the railroad even Henderson Miller, Globe Printing Company, Saint John, 1940 – with the top of the hill. This bridge was in a straight line from CHAPTER III. – THE COMING OF THE RAILWAY AND Peter Fisher’s house, and on the Grafton side the railway ran over a BRIDGES – IN 1835 the merchants and business men of St. high trestle past Archie Hale’s house and through the garden of Andrews got together and held a meeting for the purpose of Colonel Wm. T. Baird, then on the flat back of his house and organising a company under the name of the St. Andrews and barns, up to meet the Gibson train at Newburg Station. Quebec Railway. Military engineers were engaged to survey the EXCERPTS FROM THE “CARLETON SENTINEL” – April 28, route and prove its feasibility. “The Ashburton Treaty of 1842, 1876 – however, brought this to a standstill as the projected road was to “In reference to the bridge. In the night there was a have run through the country that was ceded by that Treaty to the thick run of ice, and it was found that the substance, in its friction United States. However, in 1860, the road was opened from St. with the piers left startling evidence of its destructive power, Andrews as far as Canterbury. In July, 1862, it went as far as having gnawed through the hardwood casing. People had begun to Richmond, four miles from Houlton, and eight miles from realize the convenience of the bridge. A temporary approach had Woodstock.” been made, making it accessible for teams. Coaches had begun to “In September, 1868, the branch from Debec to use it for conveying passengers to and from the depot at Woodstock was opened. There was no railroad north of Woodstock Northampton. Mr. Superintendent Hoben and a force of men, at that date.” arrived on Saturday, and on Sunday night they had succeeded in so “The name of the company was changed to The New far repairing the damage done, as to make the present safety of the Brunswick Railroad Company, April, 1870.” “On January 14th, bridge secure. Traffic on the bridge has now resumed.” 1872, an agreement was entered into, by which the New August 19, 1876 – “Extract from agreement between Company Brunswick Railway Company would build a railway from St. and Government: – The said company do agree that the work of Mary’s (opposite Fredericton, York County), to Edmundston, constructing said bridge shall be commenced on or before the first Victoria County, on the eastern side of the river, but to include a of July, next, and that the same shall be ready and open to the bridge across the St. John River, at Woodstock.” “The first sod was public for carriage and foot passenger traffic on or before the 1st of turned at St. Mary’s for the Riviere De Loup Railway on May 7, July, 1876.” 1872. The company was given 10,000 acres of land for every mile March 31, 1877 – “The Railway Bridge. The work of repairing of railroad that they finished. Counting the Gibson railroad they this structure has, now, nearly reached completion. The work of had 170 miles completed and they received a grant of land securing the draw piers, by piles (crib) and heavy stone filling has 1,700,000 acres.” been finished in a thorough manner. A pier of great strength has “This railway was built 1872-1876, the line from St. been built some 200 feet above the draw piers; between these piers, Mary’s to Hartland passing through the country back from the on either side, booms are being hung, under the personal river. The trains ran as far as Kilburn, Victoria County, December supervision of Honourable W. E. Perley, who is giving careful 1, 1874, and as far as Edmundston in 1876.” attention to the work, which will not only serve to protect the piers “The railway bridge at Andover, being on the main line from the effects of lumber and ice, but will, as well, greatly aid in of railway, was built in 1875, and is supposed to be the first the running of rafts. Four of the piers have been plated with iron, railway bridge to have crossed the St. John River, not excepting monitor style, the plates, made and fitted, having been brought Saint John.” from England, and placed in position under the skilful direction of This Gibson Branch, as it was called, did not reach Mr. A. H. Connell. Mr. F. H. Hale was the contractor for the ice- Woodstock. It came to Newburg Station, which was just above the breaker, and has made a creditable job.” farm of Colonel Wm. T. Baird, and crossed the road that went back April 7, 1877 (Saturday) – “One of the most important events in to Newburg, near Enoch Campbell’s house. the history of this town, or rather of the whole up-river district, There was a ferry-boat running from Woodstock at the transpired on Wednesday morning, (April 4th.), when, for the first foot of Queen Street, across to the landing just below McElroy’s time, trains passed over the Railway Bridge across the St. John mill in Grafton at this time. River, here. It was rumoured that the `opening’ would take place at “The amended Act passed April 14, 1873, allowed the 7:00 a.m., and many of our citizens left their beds at an earlier hour company to push on with the main line, and build the Woodstock than usual in order to witness the inaugural ceremonies, but such bridge, later, on condition that said company would commence were doomed for disappointment, as it was found impossible to get actual construction of bridge, across the St. John river, at ready to cross at so early an hour. About ten o’clock, however, all Woodstock, before July 1, 1874, and fully finish and the complete things being in readiness – a large concourse of people having in bridge, fit for running of railway trains, by 1877. This bridge was the meantime assembled on either bank of the river, – a light completed in 1876, and was built to accommodate passengers locomotive carrying the following men: – T. Hoben, underneath, and trains on top. It was situated some distance below Superintendent; P. Logan, Locomotive Superintendent; H. W. the present railway bridge, crossing the river from above Hayden’s Phillips, Conductor; E. Howard, Trackmaster, and a stoker, left the mill to the upper end of the Grafton side.” Grafton Station and slowly, but safely, made the transit of the “The bridge was completed on March 17, 1876. It was bridge and returned. Then a heavier locomotive was run over and 1,000 feet in length; all spans (except the draw, which is fifty feet, back; and in the afternoon a locomotive and a flat car crossed and and the one on the western bank) are 165 feet – eight piers. This re-crossed. Long and loud were the cheers that went up from the was the first bridge for horse and foot passengers between Saint assembled multitudes, as the first locomotive made the trial trip, John and Grand Falls.” and on her coming to a standstill, many a hand was extended to The road to the bridge was the one they use now to go grasp the hand of those who composed the crew. to the Woodstock Water Works, or Pumping Station, as they call “The bridge, to all appearances, was unaffected by the it. The first floor, level with the road, was used for passengers, strain put upon her, and there is every reason to believe, as it is

Carleton - 1 certainly to be hoped, that the structure will now prove to be of the European & North American and New Brunswick & Canada permanently secure. We presume it will be but a few days before Railway is being proceeded with.” there will be a connection made with the N. B. & C. Railway.” “Since Wednesday there has been a cessation of traffic, May 12, 1877 – “Twenty years ago Woodstock indulged in and passengers have been transferred at such points as has, each occasional dreams of having railroad connection at some time in day, been reached by the gangs of men engaged in moving the the far future with the outside world. By-and-by the N. B. & C. rails. By Monday it is anticipated that the work on the first named road reached Richmond Station and stopped there, and there it was road will be completed, and this will be the case on the N. B. & C. to stop so said the authorities, until under some fortunate provision road, probably, from Woodstock to McAdam.” of Providence or strong faithed capitalists, it was pushed onward They built the railroad bridge at Upper Woodstock in further toward its objective point, in the minds of its originators, at the early 80s. The first railroad built was narrow gauge, but when Riviere du Loup. One thing was certain, so the wise engineers said, the bridge was finished in 1881, they changed to the standard that no nearer approach could be made to Woodstock; that was gauge. This railroad ran right straight up the river from Woodstock physically impossible. to Upper Woodstock, and over a long, high trestle-work over the “Then came Mr. James Hartley, who presumed to island, and another short bridge on the other side. This trestle- question the decision of the older and more positive engineers, and work, clear across the island, after a few years was filled in with satisfied the Woodstock Railway Company that a practical and sand and rock; and the station was changed from down near favourable route could be found for a union of the town with the N. Bairds, to Newburg, eight miles above Woodstock. The bridge that B. &. C. road. The company named, or those gentlemen who we crossed going to Newburg, over Archer’s Creek, was one of the inspired it, set Mr. Hartley to work, and the result was our highest ever built at that time. Woodstock branch. Meantime the route of the Intercolonial was In a letter from Mr. T. C. Macnabb, General being fought on paper, and the terms North, Central and Frontier Superintendent of the Canadian Pacific Railway Eastern Division, became ‘familiar to our ears as household words,’ but the battle I have the following information: “The year that the bridge opened went against our favourite route, and the Intercolonial was carried is correct, 1881, but the records of the New Brunswick Railway by the North Shore, thanks to Peter Mitchell. Well, Woodstock had Company, by which Company the bridge was built, beyond stating intercourse to the sea, and with the west, by rail, and had made up this fact are incomplete in detail. For your information, the its mind to be sublimely satisfied with being a terminus. And now Canadian Pacific did not lease this line from the New Brunswick the people of the County learned by experience the lesson they Railway until 1890, and prior to that date we are, therefore, refused to believe when it was propounded to them by argument – dependent upon that Company’s records. It may interest you to they learned that, instead of the road to Woodstock resulting in a learn that the structure of 1881 consisted partly of several 168-foot monopoly by that town of the advantages, it was the County – the timber truss spans and several short timber flanking spans built people in nearly every parish – the people who had grain, or butter, over the main and east channel. The substructure of this bridge or meat, or cattle or sheep to sell – that reaped the harvest of apparently consisted of rock-filled timber cribs. These (1881) advantage. The road proved a stimulant to the trade in country spans were renewed in kind in 1897 and in 1908 the timber produce, and the farmers have grown rich in consequence. Well, structure was replaced by the present bridge.” Woodstock and the County were roused from a state of being quite The grades on this road were very steep, both going up satisfied into a state of anxiety of expectancy, and friend to Newburg Station, and coming out of Hartland, and the Railway Whitehead and the Missing Link came before our public. Then Mr. Company changed their roadbed and built it down near the river, Gibson’s fame became a popular theme, and the Narrow Gauge all the way from Hartland to Woodstock, and changed Newburg Road, which he and that energetic railroad creator, E. R. Burpee, Station again, down near the Upper Woodstock bridge. The old proposed building from Fredericton, upward. Newburg Station was called Shewen. And the high Archer’s Creek But why dwell upon the ‘what was’. Why dwell among bridge was dismantled. the speculations and theories which form links in the chain of the The passenger and railway bridge, built in 1876-77, was railroad history of the Province? not used by the railroad after the Upper Woodstock bridge was The men who were the railroad pioneers in this built, but only as a passenger bridge. In 1892, April, the heavy Province; the men who invested their means, their faith and flow of ice carried away two piers and part of the super-structure, enterprise in the St. Andrew’s road, died many years ago, the work and then we had to go back to the ferry days, until the new they so ardently advocated, only begun. The man who Woodstock bridge was built. This bridge was demolished, but you demonstrated the feasibility of bringing the track into Woodstock, can still see the first abutment on the Woodstock side of the river. by its construction, died also too young – died when there was so March 12, 1892 – “Tenders for the new bridge across the river, at much for him (James Hartley) to do, – so much that few could do Woodstock at the foot of King Street, are advertised for. Plans and as well; the Intercolonial is running, and promises by its success to specifications are to be seen at the office of G. W. VanWart. satisfy its advocates and disappoint those who predicted failure. Judging from the plan, the structure will be a handsome and The Missing Link has been found and put in place; the connection durable one.” has been completed, through a considerable portion of Victoria; April 27, 1892 – “Derricks and other apparatus shipped to through the extent of Carleton, over the river twice; through Woodstock, from Gibson, are to be used by Mr. George Kitchen, Woodstock the iron artery now runs, carrying the productions of in the construction of the Woodstock bridge.” the fertile Aroostook, and of the equally fertile intermediary field May 14, 1892 – “The foot of King Street, just now, presents a busy to the east or west or south, wherever the demands of trade invite and attractive place. Hundreds of people visit the spot daily, to these productions. witness the bridge builders at work; operations under the personal “Not yet complete; still north that artery is being supervision of Mr. Kitchen, one of the contractors, and the stretched and not far away is the time, doubtless, when we shall engineer, D. Brown, are being pushed with rapidity.” have an Intercolonial connection at Riviere du Loup. But never Also: “Cement will be furnished by W. F. Dibblee & mind that now. Let us today be satisfied with what today gives us, Son, who closed a contract with Mr. Kitchen, for one thousand and join hands with Gibson, Burpee, Osburn, and others, all and barrels. W. F. Dibblee will import direct from London, and it was singular, who have contributed to make the railroad connections shipped on Thursday, the 12th, by steamer to Saint John, and will now completed at Woodstock.” arrive here by the first of June.” September 15, 1877 (Saturday) – “The work of changing gauge This bridge was opened for traffic in 1894.

Carleton - 2 The bridge at Hartland, opened for traffic May 14, Company. The bridge structure should have been finished on the 1901, was a toll bridge and remained as such until April 30, 1906. 15th of August in this year, but owing to the rigid inspection of the April 13, 1892 – “Captain Duncan and his engineer went to Swan iron at the works of the Montreal Rolling Mills, this company Creek, on Thursday, April 7th., to prepare the Florenceville for the threw up the contract after finishing all but the larger pieces. These season’s work. She will probably be running to Woodstock by the pieces were not to be obtained in Canada, as no mill could last of the week.” guarantee such quality as required in these sizes. They, therefore, April 23, 1892 – “The steamer Florenceville reached here on her had to be obtained in England, and their delivery was further first trip of the season, at an early hour Tuesday afternoon, April delayed by strikes. This allowed the erection to only be 19th. This steamer has been placed in a thorough state of repair, and commenced on the 12th day of August, three days previous to the looks quite neat.” contract day for completion. As the bridge was actually completed “The steel bridge across the Falls in Saint John opened on November 28th, it must be seen that the contractors could have for railway traffic in 1885.” had the bridge finished in the specified time if they had not been I have had a hard search to find the history of the delayed by circumstances over which they had no control. “Bridges” across the St. John River, so I have copied extracts from “Albert Brewer was the inspector for the flooring and old “Carleton Sentinels” the Librarian of the Fisher Memorial the timber generally. The erection foreman was Mr. Alex. Emery, Library procured for me, for papers wear out and the knowledge is who has had considerable previous experience in this class of safer in books. work. You will also note some things that are not relevant to “Of course the great feature, and where the only Upper Woodstock and which belong to the early days, and so I am difficulty in erection occurred, was the erection of the channel span including them in my history. in the winter time, when the current was eight miles an hour, and Copied from “The Dispatch.” Woodstock, December 19, 1894 ice and logs were flowing more or less. The depth of the water, for THE WOODSTOCK BRIDGE the most of the way in the span was twenty-two feet. While a good Completion of the Highway Connecting many people thought it impossible to put up the falsework, with East and West. such a current, even the provincial engineer being skeptical, this The Handsomest Structure of the Kind in Canada – Almost Half a was done without a hitch, with the exception of two bents of the Mile Long – Dimensions of the Spans – Where the Material Was falsework being carried away when the corporation drive came Made. down. After the erection of the bridge was completed two further “The bridge which was formally opened on Thursday coats of the most approved bridge paint were put on. The last is without doubt one of the handsomest structures of the kind contractors for the superstructure say that the work of the in Canada. Indeed, it is said, not to be equalled in its class. From government engineer, A. R. Wetmore, was most thoroughly done, the end of King Street it spans the river to a point, slightly higher indeed, his supervision exceeding in thoroughness any inspection on the Grafton side. The total length of the planking on the bridge to which they were subject in previous works. The Canadian is 2,025 feet. There are twelve spans of which eight are 183 feet Bridge Company, besides, other work in the Province, erected the long; one 186 feet; one 225 feet; one 100 feet, and one plate girder Woodstock stand-pipe. 50 feet. The height at the centre of the long span is 31 feet; at the LOCAL CABINET EN MASSE centre of none of the spans less than 27 feet. The clear headway of Visit Woodstock and Declare all spans from the flooring up is 17½ feet, high enough to allow the the Bridge Open. largest load of hay and a man standing on the top to pass under. An Interesting Event The estimated weight was 534 tons, while as an actual fact the in the weight is 537 tons. The cost of the super-structure was $42,487. History of the Town – The iron used in the bridge was prepared at the works of the Meeting in the Evening – Canadian Bridge Company, Montreal. This company has done The Chief Commissioner and much other work in the Province, notably the next longest iron Others Deliver bridge in the Province at Hampton. They also built a very large Orations. bridge at the Chaudiere river, between Hull and Ottawa, taking the “The new bridge connecting the eastern and western place of the old Suspension bridge. This structure is probably the sides of the river at Woodstock was opened with fitting ceremony largest single-span bridge in Canada. The width of the roadway for on Thursday last. Although Mr. Blair, the Premier of the Province, teams is forty feet, besides two sidewalks each five feet wide. The did not put in an appearance, a number of the local Government span is 240 feet in length. celebrities were present. They were: Mr. Emmerson, Chief “The material for this Woodstock bridge was rolled in Commissioner of Public Works; Mr. Mitchell, Provincial Pittsburg, in Montreal, in England, and in Germany. The heavy Secretary; Mr. Tweedie, Surveyor-General; Mr. White, Solicitor- steel floor beams came from Germany; the iron tension members, General, and Mr. Dunn, Minister Without Portfolio. rods, etc., came from Montreal and England, and the steel “Shortly after two o’clock in the afternoon these compression members came from Pittsburg. The steel plates came gentlemen, Mr. J. T. A. Dibblee, M.P.P., the Mayor and members from Scotland. of the Town Council, the president of the Board of Trade and “This material was all fabricated in Montreal, under the others passed over the bridge in carriages to the Grafton side. inspection of W. H. Arnold, representative in Montreal of the When they arrived at their destination quite a number of citizens Ferris Company. This company had previously inspected the were gathered round about. The Chief Commissioner opened the material at the rolling mills, which went in the bridge, before ball, by inquiring of the manager of the company, F. E. Came, if shipment from Montreal. The rivets are all of the best iron, and the bridge was ready for public use. Mr. Came responded that it were all driven by hydraulic rivetting machines. All the work at the was, and Mr. A. R. Wetmore, the Government Engineer, gave shops was painted with a coat of oil, except the places which could corroborative evidence, stating that the bridge was duly completed not be reached after erection, these having a coat of paint. The to his satisfaction. Mr. Emmerson then made a speech material was all shipped from Montreal over the C. P. R. and congratulating the people of the County on the completion of a unloaded at the end of the bridge with a derrick erected for the bridge unsurpassed of its kind in Canada. Cheers were called for purpose. After the erection was commenced the work was and given at the mention of the names of Mr. Emmerson, Mr. J. T. inspected by Mr. John Stulen, another representative of the Ferris A. Dibblee, Mr. A. R. Wetmore, and Mr. Came.

Carleton - 3 “Mr. Hanson, Mayor of Woodstock, made a few appropriate remarks and on behalf of the people of Woodstock he NEWS CLIPPINGS thanked the Government for the fine structure they had erected. Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 26 – Tuesday, July 16, Mr. J. T. A. Dibbles, M.P.P., Mr. George L. Cronkite, Honourable 1850 – REPORT ON THE NAVIGATION OF THE RIVER ST. Wm. Lindsay, Mr. H. Paxton Baird and Mr. J. Bragdon made brief JOHN – GRAND BAR – Survey No. 9 – Seven miles from speeches. After the multitude had cheered lustily for Mr. John Woodstock the River divides into two channels to the right and left Stulen, the Government Inspector, the ceremonial came to an end. of a half sunken Island, 1¼ miles in length, called Grand Bar; the “Graham’s Opera House was the scene of a public channel on the right is contracted and rendered dangerous for the meeting in the evening. The hall was very well filled, and the passage of large boats by reefs of rocks, which project into its bed; speakers were accorded a good reception. As issues in Provincial that on the left is the one generally used; has a comparatively politics are not easy of definition, it is not surprising that the smooth bed, formed of coarse gravel, with deep water until it audience displayed no particular enthusiasm one way or the other. crosses the foot of the bar. This section of the River exhibits most They seemed to appreciate the fact that the bridge is done and that unequivocal traces that its stream has cut its course through an it is a handsome structure of which the County and town have alluvial deposit; from the form &c., it seems probable that the reason to be proud. oldest and only water-way was the channel on the right, at which “On the platform with the Ministers and Mr. Dibblee, period the Island (or bar) formed a tract of intervale along the left were Mr. Samuel Watts, chairman; John Harper, C. L. Tilley, bank, remnants of which are still visible at A and B. It does not Robert Brown, Stephen Peabody, G. L. Cronkite, Mayor Hanson, appear that any new deposit takes place at this bar; the current is John Sutton, Wm. Taylor, S. B. Appleby, P. Corbett, S. Speer, J. rapid, without eddies, and sufficiently strong to carry forward any Flemming, Dr. Ross, C. P. Bull and F. E. Came. After the stones and gravel transported hither by the stream; the depth of chairman had opened the meeting and had made a fit reference to water where the channel crosses the bar is thought by the pilots to the loss the country had sustained in the death of the Premier, he less than formerly; but this seems to be the effect of the water introduced Mr. Dibblee, who remarked that he had been the sole spreading over a wider space by the gradual erosion of more representative of the County for some months during which time elevated portions of the foot of the Island; under such he had done his best to look after the interests of the County. circumstances the remedy to be applied is to endeavour again to Whether he had succeeded or not, was for the people to say. They contract the water of the River where it is shoals, and which is would notice that he was falling away and that the hair on his head considered can be effected in the readiest way by a dam from the was getting thin (laughter). He was going to ask the Government to left bank, opposite the foot of the Island, stretching obliquely 500 relieve him from part of his responsibility as soon as possible. The yards with the stream, towards the right bank; also to weather the people would soon be called upon to elect a representative to fill foot of the Island with a protecting embankment. Should this prove the vacancy caused by the resignation of Honourable H. A. insufficient, the flow down the right channel at low water should Connell. Whoever they elected, he hoped he would work with him be stopped by a dam across it from the head of the Island, GH. The and with the Government. probable cost of the dam, CD, and embankment, EF, will be £140. “Mr. Emmerson made quite a lengthy speech, DIBBLEE’S BAR – Survey No. 10 defending the action of the Government in respect to the bridge. The appearance of the country for 3 miles below He claimed that it was almost impossible to bring any work to a Woodstock, betokens most undeniably, that the stream is finish without some extras being found necessary. The tenders for continually cutting passage for itself through the alluvial deposit of the substructure of the bridge varied from $60,000 to $107,000. one of the chain of Lakes which at a former epoch existed; one if The average offer was $90,000 and this average offer was made by these passages has separated Fraser’s Island from the main Land; practical men. It would be found that, all extras and rebuilding of this Island will itself probably in the course of time be swept away piers included, the cost of the substructure did not exceed the by the action of the stream, or be converted into a barren mound, average tender. With regard to the superstructure delays had resembling the Grand Bar, (last described) covered with shingle occurred which were regrettable, but unavoidable. The and gravel; thus has been already formed the sunken neck of land Government could rightly claim credit for the thorough system of at its lower extremity, called “Dibblee’s Bar,” the current having inspection they had carried out with respect to the substructure. been deflected towards Fraser’s Island, has excavated through the Every piece of iron which went into the work was inspected before soft soil a deep winding channel, which is now generally preferred it left the machine shop. The estimated weight of the superstructure for the passing of boats, in consequence of having a soft even was 534 tons, and the contract weight was 537 tons, so that the bottom; whilst the bed of the old channel which follows the right bridge was just three tons stronger than required in the contract. He bank, is extremely rough and uncertain, as well as being full of gave credit to the engineer in charge, Mr. A. R. Wetmore, for the sharp projecting points of rock; this new or left channel has from thoroughness with which he did the work, and to Mr. John Stulen, 10 to 6 feet of water through its whole extent, except where it the government inspector, for the capable way in which he had crosses the narrow strip of Dibblee’s Bar, where only 2 feet 9 performed his duties. inches is found during dry seasons. Complaints are made by Pilots “Mr. White also spoke at considerable length. In of the very sudden turn in the channel, and of the danger bringing his address to a close he referred to the registrar of wills experienced of being carried by the current, before they can bring and deeds. He had held an investigation into a charge made against the boat round, against some large detached masses of rock that gentleman, and the conclusion he had reached was such as he situated closed to the right bank. The two most advanced of them was sure any candid man would reach who read over the shorthand should be removed, and the course of the channel improved by report. And anyone was welcome to read it over if they wished to forcing the stream against the west point of Dibblee’s Bar, by do so. means of a jettee, a b, 130 yards in length, in order to cut a “Mr. Mitchell said he was one of those who at first straighter passage for itself, and which at the same time will have opposed the location of the bridge. However, he had consulted the effect of protecting the foot of the Island, c d, from erosion. with many practical engineers afterwards and they had said to him The growth of bushes and brushwood should be encouraged as that whatever complaints the people might have to make with much as possible on the sloping bank of Fraser’s Island, to regard to the bridge they had no reason to complain that it was not diminish the erosion of the current; the probable cost of the works properly located.” proposed will be £135. —— BELVISOR’S BAR – Survey No. 11

Carleton - 4 The accumulation of ice below Cronkite Island, (where found a verdict in accordance with the above. its packs against the left bank,) has caused a deposit of stones, —— gravel, &c., brought down the stream during the period of the Woodstock, NB – The Carleton Sentinel, Page 118 (2) – Spring Freshets, and formed a bar from the foot of the Island Saturday, May 11, 1861 – COLONIAL NEWS – A New Colony in obliquely across to the right shore, where its spreads into a large New Brunswick – Greenock Advertiser – The barque Irvine of bank of shingle, known as “Belvisor’s Bar.” The water is deep Yarmouth, (NS) 500 tons register, now lying in Victoria Harbour, down the branch of the River, on the right of the Island, until the has been chartered to carry 150 agricultural emigrants to channel, in crossing to the left bank, cuts a passage through the Glassville, a new distant granted for colonization purposes by narrow neck of the Bar, where it shoals from 5 feet to 2 feet 3 government, and situated about 150 miles from the mouth of the inches, but deepens again quickly, giving soundings of 3, 4, 5 and river St. John, NB. It is a rich pastoral district, and has been named 6 feet within a short space; a sufficient depth can be obtained in after the Reverend Mr. Glass, who is now in this county promoting this channel, by stopping the spread of the water over the bar by the emigration movement. means of an embankment composed of stones, brush and gravel, —— extending from the foot of the Island about 500 yards down with Saint John, The Telegraph-Journal, Reader, Page 5 – the stream; the danger to be apprehended at this section of the Saturday, June 25, 2005 – June 26, 1861 – Over 130 Scottish navigation, is that after passing the bar, the current sets directly immigrants arrive at Partridge Island on board the “Irvine.” They towards the steep bank, on the left, carrying the boat very towards left the port of Greenock on May 9, destined for the new settlement several large detached rocks, two of which are situated of Glassville. immediately in its course; when these are removed, there is a free —— and deep channel for more than a mile, when a bar formed of Fredericton, Head Quarters, Page 2 – Wednesday, January 29, stones are coarse gravel and caused in a similar manner to the one 1862 – MILITARY MOVEMENTS – Woodstock Journal, Thursday, described, crosses the River near a large cubical rock, called the January 23 – The arrival of troops in Woodstock, and their “Governor’s Table.” The water shoals here to 3 feet 3 inches, in forwarding to Canada, continue to be the principal objects of the average dry season, but the bar is not considered at present an interest in the Town. On Friday last an additional number of teams obstruction to the navigation; in the event of the accumulation were put on the route from Woodstock upwards, and since that increasing, a greater force of current should be directed against it, time about one hundred and sixty men, with the proportionate by stopping the flow of water through the masses of rocks found number of officers have left each day. The last of the 62nd. left on above the Governor’s Table, A A A. The probable cost of the dam that day, and since the detachment of the 16th., which the Persia at the foot of Cronkite Island, and the removal of rock, below failed to land at Bic, and which consequently passed over this Belvisor’s Bar will be £250. route, has been passed through; after which came the 1st. Battalion —— of the Rifle Brigade, the last division of which left this morning. Fredericton, Head Quarters, Page 2 – Wednesday, June 1, On Monday evening over one hundred of the Military train arrived 1859 – The Woodstock Journal ridicules the penchant for altering by way of St. Andrews. On Tuesday the first detachment of the names of places in Carleton and Victoria. Thus Hardscrabble has Grenadier Guards, one hundred and four, arrived from Fredericton, become Upper Woodstock, Butternut Creek has been changed to and last evening brought a second instalment of about the same Florenceville, Little Falls to Edmundston, and it is now proposed number. Last evening a company of the Royal Artillery came by to change McKenzie Corner into Havelock. The Editor then way of St. Andrews. expresses his horror at the bare possibility of the name of Grand These movements have given our Town for the past Falls being changed, in the following language:– week an exceedingly lively appearance. The streets are alive with “By and bye we shall have some soft-headed and kid- the men and officers of some four or five different branches of the gloved degenerate burlesque upon humanity, – who would service. We have had at one time the dark and sombre dress of the probably faint if you unadvised and rashly used in his presence the Rifle Brigade, the bright scarlet of the 62nd. and Grenadier Guards, words MEN and WOMEN, instead of GENTLEMEN and LADIES, – the showy blue and scarlet of the Artillery, and blue and white of proposing to change the apt and appropriate name of ‘Grand Falls’ the Military train, with a sprinkling of the Commissariat Staff into some rose-coloured, lavender-scented, romantic, Corps. sentimentally-struck, lackadaisical, die-away designation. Should The weather has been very bright and fine, and, with such a horror ever occur, – which the Lord in his goodness forbid! the exception of a day or two, very mild. Some idea may be – we do hope and trust and pray that the Fall itself will, in utter formed of the amount of stir when we say that each morning the disgust, refuse to FALL a moment longer, and that it may disappear contractor, Major Tupper, dispatched upwards, about thirty teams, from the face of creation, and refuse longer to exhibit its spectacle and each evening from fifteen to twenty arrive from Fredericton; of beauty and sublimity to the eyes of a degenerate people.” beside which there is an occasional arrival of about the same Now the Editor of the Journal ought to have known that number from Canterbury station. In the last seven days one what he deprecates so much was perpetrated several years ago, hundred and ninety-two teams have left Woodstock for Little Falls. when the village at the Falls was named Colebrooke. If he will take The horse power of Carleton has been largely called upon; the trouble to call at the Crown Land Office he will find no modern nevertheless we are informed that there are more applications to plan of the Grand Falls, but he will find a plan of the town-plate of the contractor from teamsters than he can accept, and that he is Colebrooke. prepared to forward men and stores in greater number and —— quantities than has yet been asked by the authorities. Woodstock, NB – The Carleton Sentinel, Page 98 (2) – —— Saturday, April 6, 1861 – INQUEST – Com. – An Inquest was Fredericton, Head Quarters, Page 2 – Wednesday, February 5, held in the parish of Brighton, on Tuesday, 26th day of March, 1862 – The Carleton Sentinel says, that the unfinished building before Wm. L. Drier, Esquire, Coroner, on view of the body of rented of Mr. Connell for the accommodations of the troops, for a John Swim, who was killed at the bridge near Samuel Dickinson’s sum exceeding £600 sterling, would have been, if finished, worth a Esquire. It appears from the evidence produced, that he was £1,000 a year to the owner. Who would have thought unless told, engaged with a number of persons putting up the stringers of a that property in Woodstock was about as valuable as property in bridge now in the course of erection across the Becaguimec at that Cheapside, London! The Sentinel also says, “that there mere place, one of which fell upon him, causing instant death. The Jury question of rent is an object of no moment to the Government,

Carleton - 5 provided they have the accommodation they require.” Of course, rafting gear, and one of the skull-oars not receiving the most polite that is the general opinion, and people lay it on when they have a attention from the hands of the boat, its owner became furious, and chance, but we do not believe that the British Government is continued gesticulating wildly, and threatening annihilation, a la unnecessarily lavish of the national income, and is indifferent to Cyclops, until the steamer and its passengers had passed out of the amount of the sums it pays away. The Sentinel also says, “that sight and hearing. Above this the river’s margin is fringed with any sane man must admit that even double rent is scarce an green, and the cultivation in the back-ground is unseen until we adequate remuneration for the use of the buildings for barracks.” approach Crock’s Point, and the fertile ranges of the Keswick and This appears to us very like an admission that the £600 sterling, Mactaquack are seen in the distance. On the right, the fields and more, was more than twice the rent that would have been display all the various shades of green blending like a skilfully asked under ordinary circumstances, and a refutation by its own woven carpet, upon which the eye looks unwearied. Now we spy hand, of the statement that the building if finished would have been the Indian Village, with its thirty or forty rude habitations, and here worth a £1,000 a year. and there a dusky son of the forest moving listlessly among the —— wigwams; but civilization(?) in the shape of rum and dissipation Woodstock, NB, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, has set its mark upon them, and in a few years a rude cross with its February 11, 1865 – LOCAL – We learn that Honourable Charles rough-chiselled numbers, will be all that shall remain to tell of the Connell has been requested to address a public meeting at once powerful Milicetes who lighted their council fires and Florenceville on public questions, and that he has consented to do followed the warpath along the wilderness banks of Ouangoudey. so. Due notice of the time of meeting will be given. FRIEND LONG —— The nest place of interest above this is Long’s Creek to Fredericton, New Brunswick Reporter, Page 2 – Friday, June the left, thickly settled with industrious well-to-do farmers. 19, 1868 – TRIP TO TOBIQUE – O for the pencil of Port Crayon, Prominent on a beautiful site, is the residence of Chas. Long, and O for the pen of Dickens, to picture and portray all the Esquire, fronting a rich interval sweeping down to the river. Here delights, the pleasures, the enjoyments of the now famous trip to might be seen the bluff old residenter himself, having given up Tobique. Bewitching to the eye, entrancing to the heart, hotel-keeping in Fredericton, busily superintending his favourite pleasurable to all the noble emotions, was the scene presented on avocation, in which he so industriously excels. Recognizing our that occasion by the ever winding, onward flowing St. John; its old friend we give him three hearty cheers, which were returned in banks new clothed with impenetrable verdure of forest trees and cheery solo by the jovial farmer. rich dark coppices; where the fir, the pine, the cedar, the elm, the POQUIOCK maple, the spruce, and the giant hemlock, lift their proud summits We now approach two important feeders of the St. John to the sky, weird watchers of the verdure-giving stream; and now – the Nackawic entering from the North, the Poquiock from the breaking away into smiling landscapes of fruitful fields, pleasant South. At the mouth of the latter there is quite a little village, and meads, and happy homes. All these we could see and greet, and here are the mills so lately the scene of an accident whereby tow rejoice that the noble river which gave life and sustenance to them young men lost their lives. Here also is one of the prettiest falls in all, was New Brunswick; high precipitous banks flank the stream on either OUR OWN ST. JOHN side, and through a rocky gorge the water foams and dances along “They may talk of the rivers of other lands, until finally dashing over a rocky precipice in a lovely “apron” or Of the Danube and noble Rhine, waterfall, it mingles noisily and irritably with the waters of the St. Where fought of yore the undaunted bands John. From Alps to Appenine.” We next come to Shogomock stream and mills, situate “While others sing of the pleasant Seine, like the Poquiock on the South bank of the river, and here all the Or the mighty Amazon, surrounding scenery is very fine; a pretty little village nestles at the We’ll raise our voice in as proud a strain, mouth, and vies with the richly cultivated banks on the opposite In praise of the broad St. John.” shore in richness of cultivation and forest verdure. Here the tide A merrier crew than that which left Fredericton on runs swiftly at the rate of about ten miles an hour, and we find it a Tuesday morning, 9th instant, on board the “Ida Whittier,” bound rapid current until we reach Eel River. for the Tobique and Grand Falls, never kept holiday, and having NOT BUTTERMILK set out for a pleasant time, they resolved to make the most and the In the meantime we pass the pleasantly situated best of it. Spring had displayed her wealth and beauties all around; residence formerly occupied by Mr. I. Atherton on our right, and every prospect was pleasing; wealth and beauty in the forest and stop at Hillman’s on the same side, for wood. At one of the houses fields, wealth and beauty on the bosom of the water, wealth in the “mine host” of the Barker House, a jolly good fellow treated the finny tribe beneath, everything conspiring to our pleasure and “crowd” to some deliciously sweet milk, and on his remarking in satisfaction. On board were a number of Wesleyan clergymen, compliment to the agreeable lady of the house, that it was not about to join in district conference prior to the general conference, much like buttermilk, the somewhat deaf and obtuse grandmama shortly to be held in our city and none more than they seemed to gave “that young man” distinctly to understand that they “didn’t enjoy the ever revolving scene of the picturesque and beautiful. As sell no buttermilk there, and if he didn’t like it be best not drink it.” we steamed past Government House, the romantic Nashwaaksis, Explanation followed, however, and mine host and grandmama and the Islands so quietly sleeping in the calm waters of the St. became the best of friends until the wooding up was accomplished. John, one asked, “can we possibly see a prettier prospect than EEL RIVER that?” Not prettier, perhaps, but many bolder, grander, where art We nest approach Eel River, in the parish of had never laid her fingers, where nature appeared in all her wild Canterbury, and the dividing line between the counties of York and unadorned magnificence. Carleton; this is on the left. Just below we are in view of the OUR FIRST STOP residence of a thrifty farmer named Moores, who for the last thirty was at Spring Hill, near Murray’s saw mill, one of the smartest and years has planted an interval acre of land with corn, and this same steadiest on the river, with its dangerous looking chimney, acre year after year still yields its wealth of corn abundantly. Eel apparently defying the natural laws of gravitation, and reminding River, where we stop to land two passengers and take in more us of the wonderful leaning tower of Piza, pictured on the books of wood, is about twelve miles below Woodstock, and has its rise our modern geographers. Here we took on board a quantity of some thirty or forty miles in the interior of the country. There is no

Carleton - 6 saw mills to be seen, but a grist mill owned by Mr. Dow finds beg that lady’s pardon,) Upper Woodstock. Here are the Iron profitable employment. There are a number of buildings here, Works, silent for some time, but shortly to hum again with the prominent on a commanding elevation, the residence of Mr. C. busyness of industry, and here we took on board a further addition Grosvenor, with tastefully kept premises, a fine garden, green of ladies and gentlemen, and any amount of Beater pressed hay, house, and all the accessories of horticultural keeping. As a designed for the drives on the upper section of the St. John; this, specimen we took on board an elegant fuscia and some handsome we thought was like taking coals to Newcastle. Conspicuous geraniums for the Bazaar at Tobique. among the new arrivals was a lady with an enormous and costly WOODSTOCK gold chain, which she delighted to display to admiring crowds; we Approaching Woodstock, cultivation became more learned that it was the remembrance of an indulgent husband who extensive, fields of newly sown grain reaching on either hand the had visited the Paris exposition, and bought his lady this very bank of the river; the islands also begin to re-appear, and we substantial proof of his non-forgetfulness. have evidence from the spires in the distance that we are On board all was “mirth and jollity:” flirtations were approaching “no mean city.” Arrived, and leaving our baggage in quite ordinary occurrences, and the “flopping around,” as one lady charge of the ever attentive steward, the party wended their way, styled it, was quite amusing to the unsophisticated. satchel in hand, to the Cable House, never dreaming that that large Between Woodstock and Tobique the principal feeders pretending looking brick building, of which we have heard so to the St. John are the big and little Presqu’isle, and River de Chute much in praise of its good appointments, must shut its doors on on the left, as you ascend the river, and the Shiktehawk and such an august company as our own; but the proprietor who Munquart on the right bank of the St. John; at their mouths we seemed to be doing a thriving business with another class of generally find pretty little villages, and in the back-ground customers, courteously informed us that his house was full; extensive cultivation; we learned also that in this section of the “sorrowful but not in anger” we were obliged to tramp, and as we country, 14 new villages had sprung up within the last 15 years. marched in irregular procession through some of the principal From almost any point we can now look upon more extensive streets a sorry looking company, seeking in vain for lodgings, a farms and clearings than can be seen from the most commanding young urchin, “unkindest cut of all” piped out,” view of Fredericton, the capital of the Province. How is this! An “Hark, hark, the dogs do bark,” American once remarked, heartlessly enough we admit, “when you laying a peculiar emphasis on the nominative in the succeeding have had about six splendid funerals, this city will begin to line of the couplet. improve.” At last we were obliged to break up in parties of twos FLORENCEVILLE and threes, and found among the kind citizens of the town that The principal town or village between Woodstock and hospitality which we failed to secure at the hotels. Tobique is Florenceville, about midway between the two. It cannot Woodstock is quite a lively, bustling place, and boasts be views from the river, a lofty hill, Mount Moriah they called it. manufacturies more than two or three, the principal of which are rising up abruptly from the river and intervening between us and situated on the Meduxnekeag, a stream running through the centre the city. This is a regular depot for the shingle business, which is of Woodstock, and turning two saw mills near its mouth. The prosecuted extensively in the interior, and as the steamer stopped Messrs. Davis are the principal manufacturers. Down the to discharge and take in some freight, we climbed the precipitous Meduxnekeag a great quantity of lumber is driven, the principal banks of Mount Moriah and after a toilsome march found operators Messrs. Grosvenor (of Eel River), Eton, Kennedy and ourselves on one on the most commanding elevations on the river Long; Mr. Lindsay, M.P.P., is also extensively engaged here in Saint John, with a view which amply repaid the toil of the journey, milling operations. and the perils of the descent. The village is now seen with its On the afternoon of our arrival, the Roman Catholics churches, chapels, buildings, stores, and all the indications of thrift were holding a Bazaar or Festival as a kind of farewell salute to and prosperity. Presently the whistle sounded, and the stragglers their esteemed Parish Priest, Mr. Connolly. He had resided among came tumbling down the hill, lads and lassies in sad disorder, them for a number of years, and was now leaving amid the regrets breathless from their rapid descent down Mount Moriah. of all classes in the community. SURVEYING PARTY There are several very pleasant residences in At a placed called Hartland, on the right, we found Mr. Woodstock, especially those on “Connell Row,” including the Hartley’s surveying party, returned from their unprofitable survey. residences of Colonel Tupper, Mr. Edgar, Mr. Watts of the In the best of faith, and will all the energy of their might, they had Sentinel, and the really fine grounds and dwelling of the met and overcome difficulty and difficulty, until an excellent way Honourable Mr. Connell. A number of our party availed was found over the back-bone of the province, and then obtained themselves of the kind invitation to visit the gardens, and we their reward in the consciousness that their labour had been all in ourselves had the pleasure of enjoying the boundless hospitality of vain, their mission a sham and a delusion. the honourable gentlemen. TOBIQUE They are great politicians in Woodstock, Mr. Connell At length we are approaching Tobique; we can see “the being a sot of oracle among them. home of the Beveridges” gaily dressed with flags and streamers, OFF AGAIN and a crowd of holiday keepers surrounding what we suppose to be On the next morning, summoned by the shrill reveille the Bazaar; but we shall not land to-day, it might be wearisome to of the steamboat whistle, our party re-assembled on board the the reader and we shall reserve Tobique and Grand Falls for our “Ida,” having obtained important additions at Woodstock, succeeding issue. including Honourable Mr. Perley, Captain Allan, Mr. Watts, of the The following is kindly furnished by Mr. Wm. Sentinel, and Mr. C. Grosvenor of Eel River, with their ladies. Mr. Lemont:– Grosvenor soon became a leading spirit among the younger There are several quite large streams or rivers emptying members of the party, and contributed in no small degree to the into the river St. John between Fredericton and Grand Falls. First enjoyments of the trip. We must not forget to mention also that the comes the Keswick, a beautiful stream, which turns out about six Woodstock brass band was on board, and formed another very millions feet of logs. Then there is the Nackawick on the right side pleasant accompaniment. going up; which turns out this year about four million of lumber; HARDSCRABBLE, Wednesday morning. the Pokiok, about four millions, mostly pine, and is cut at Our first stop this morning was at Hardscrabble, (we Bradbury’s mills just above the falls. They are certainly a

Carleton - 7 wonderful freak of nature – the water passing through a gorge of the evidence of growth and moral progress presented in the very the rock some sixty feet high, rising perpendicular on each side of good hall and good audience, but still more pointedly in the this fissure. Next comes the Shogamock, on the left, four miles musical exercised by a choir of good voices, accompanied by an above the Pokiok, which turns out about five millions, Ingraham’s organ, well manipulated by young ladies, resident. Of this meeting mill is situated on this stream. Next comes Eel River, which turns we need only further say that it was under the auspices of a out about ten millions, but John McAdams & Sons, and Jas. prosperous body of British Templars, who have thus far preserved Murchie & Sons have mills on this river which cut about nine Benton from the rum traffic, and exercised in the community those millions, which is shipped by rail down to St. Stephen, thus gracious civilizing and elevating influences that belong to the leaving but one million, which comes out at the river St. John. organization; that pertinent remarks were made by the chairman, Between Woodstock and Tobique, the lumber rivers are Mr. S. J. Parsons, Reverend Mr. Bell, Wesleyan and Mr. Murray. Beckagumick, eleven miles above, on the right, which turns out We now give a few statements showing the material about ten millions. Next is Little Presqu’isle, one mile above, turns advancement made in this community. out one million, mostly cut by mills on the stream. Next is Big There is a Church building, open to all denominations, Presqu’isle, eleven miles above, there is a variety of lumber cut on and to the use of any minister in good standing with his this stream, such as spruce, pine and birch timber, mostly from the denomination; a school house – the school is at present taught by American side. About one million is cut by the mills on the stream Mr. Laverty, and has, if our memory serves us, 70 pupils, and we above, also about one thousand tons of birch and five hundred tons may here add that the school law is popular with all the people – a of pine comes out. A large quantity of cedar shingles are cut by the public hall, three stores, 75 dwelling houses, occupied by 500 mills, and there are considerable quantities of shaved shingles, inhabitants; two which are hauled into Florenceville. Next are the Big and Little SAW MILLS Shiktehawk, some six miles above on the right. There are also That of J. McAdam & Sons has two gangs, edger, cut off, two lath large quantities of shingles cut by the mills near the mouth of this machines – one a gang, a shingle and clapboard machine. These stream and above; also of shaved shingles made in the woods, and cut 6,000,000 feet long lumber, 6,000,000 lath, 2,500,000 shingles, hauled to the banks of St. John. Next comes the Munquart on the 500,000 clapboards. right, – turns out one quarter million spruce, fifteen thousand tons The mill of J. Murchie & Sons has one gang and one birch, and large quantities of sawn shingles. Next above is River de rotary saw, and a lath machine – cuts 5,000,000 feet long lumber Chute on the left. Mr. Workman’s mills are situated at the mouth and 5,000,000 lath. of this river; about one million spruce and three millions cedar THE TANNERY shingles, cut by this mill. Next comes the Tobique, fifty miles from was built in 1872 and is, we believe, the only establishment in the Woodstock, a big stream and long, lumber being driven some Province devoted entirely to the production of sole leather. It is ninety miles; there are about fifteen millions turned out of this laid out and finished in the latest and most approved plan, similar river; with the exception of the Aroostook this is the finest branch to like establishments, those of Messrs, Shawm for instance, in of the river St. John, being farmed some forty miles up, and the Eastern Maine. It has a bark mill of the Bangor patent, a Salem land being excellent for farming. Next above comes the Aroostook. hide mill, powerful leather roller, each run by separate wheels. For —— elevating and conveying the liquors used, the arrangements are Sackville, The Chignecto Post, Page 2 – Thursday, September most perfect to prevent waste of time and material; two of Heald & 22, 1870 – LOCAL & OTHER MATTERS – The St. John River has Fisco’s force pumps are ; these will throw 350 gallons of water per not been so low since the Miramichi fire in 1825, as it is at the minute; there is also another force pump with 100 feet of hose present time. always attached; this in case of fire, can be put in action instantly. —— There is an immense copper heating pan, 2 leaches 16 Fredericton, The Colonial Farmer, Page 2 – Monday, feet diameter 9 feet deep, 2 junks – coolers – tanks, soaks, pools, February 5, 1872 – MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS – Richmond sweat vaults, 45 lay away and dry loft. The capacity is to tan Corner – Woodstock Sentinel – Few parties, from Richmond, were 15,000 sides of sole leather per year. Last year, 7,642 sides were tried before Justices Jacques & Dibble, on Wednesday last, on a tanned, using some 700 cords of bark. charge of selling liquor without license. One was acquitted, three Of course we could not fully appreciate the various fined $8.00 each, and one $10.00. The temperance people of arrangements or technicalities of detail in this establishment, but Richmond appear determined to put a stop to the sale of liquor in are informed by experts who have visited it that it is the most that Parish. complete for its capacity of any in the Province, and the character —— of the work produced is such as to render its demand eager and Woodstock, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, April 4, constant. 1874 – BENTON – Some fifteen years ago the place known We are very glad to put on record this testimony to the familiarly as Rankin’s Mills, was the site of three or four shanties success thus far that has attended Mr. Parsons’ energy, and trust for the accommodation of the few persons engaged in and about the future will greatly reward him. the saw mill of Mr. Jas. Rankin. When the New Brunswick & LIFE PRESERVER Canada Railroad reached the place a new day dawned upon it; its Mr. Poole, the inventor and patentor of a Life very fine water power attracted the attention of John McAdam, Preserving Dress, of which our readers may have seen dome who purchased the old mill, rejuvenated it, and gave to “Eel notice, favoured us with an exhibition, novel in its character. He River,” by which name it became thereafter known a decided put on the dress, and committing himself to the stream some character. Subsequently J. Murchie & Sons erected a large saw distance above the bridge, floated down the turbulent waters for a mill, and still later, Mr. S. J. Parsons a tannery – Mr. David quarter of a mile or so. We cannot give a detailed description of the Thomas had previously engaged in this last named enterprise – and make up of this dress. It is made of rubber or oil cloth, covers the as a result we have “Benton” – that is the new name of the locality entire person except the face, and while it brings the body upon the – presenting a marvellous contrast to the “rough, rude and surface, leaving the arms and legs free, preserves it form the immature” Rankin’s Mills, of the period first above referred to. effects of the water, the under clothing and skin being perfectly dry We, in response to an invitation, visited Benton the other day, and and warm. It is a remarkable invention, and should command a had the pleasure of meeting and addressing a large and very large demand from sea-going persons. A company for the intelligent audience on the Temperance question, and had not only manufacture and sale of these dresses has been formed, its office

Carleton - 8 being at Benton. 3. Captain Hoyt, Richmond. We do not know that there is a house for public 4. Captain Boyer, Victoria. entertainment here, but Mrs. D. R. Thomas has the accommodation 5. Captain Burpee, Waterville. and the heart to make the occasional visitor like ourselves welcome 6. Captain Bosse, Grand Falls. and happy. 7. Captain Baker, Little Falls. —— 8. Captain Hartley, East Florenceville. Woodstock, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, June 6, 9. Captain Carville, Lakeville. 1874 – A fire occurred at Richmond Station on Wednesday night, 10. Captain Vince, Brighton. by which several buildings, we are informed, were burned. The Woodstock Field Battery comprised 75 men, 39 horses, and 4 guns – 3 nine pounders and one 24 pounder. The —— officers accompanying were Lieutenants Raymond, Dibblee and Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, May 1, 1875 Kearney, and Surgeon S. Smith, M.D. – Messrs. Curry Brothers’ Steam Saw Mill, at Richmond, was The staff of the Camp are, Brigade Lieutenant Colonel destroyed by fire on the evening of Tuesday last. The origin of the Maunsell, D.A.G.; Brigade Major, Lieutenant Colonel Inches; fire is unknown. Loss about $2,000; no insurance. Supply Officer, Captain A. G. Beckwith, 71st.; Camp Quarter- —— master, Captain Emery, 67th.; Brigade Musketry Instructor, Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, May 22, Quarter-master Hogg, 71st.; A.D.C. Lieutenant Tompkins, 67th.. 1875 – The name of McCaffery Settlement, Parish of Simonds, has We hope the Camp will prove very successful, and that been changed to that of St. Thomas. A Post Office has also been all connected with it will return to their homes improved, in established there for the first time, and Mr. Dennis McCaferty whatever respect improvement is a legitimate feature and result of appointed Postmaster. The people of St. Thomas feel grateful to such gathering, after having enjoyed at their country’s expense a Mr. Appleby for his efforts in securing the establishment of this prolonged visit to the salubrious air of St. Andrews Bay. office. —— —— Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 ! Saturday, April 7, 1877 Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, May 22, – The opinion has very generally prevailed that the better quality 1875 – We are requested to state that milk will be received at the of spruce had all been cut or destroyed. This opinion is proved Jacksonville Cheese Factory, commencing on Tuesday next. incorrect by the operations along the line of the New Brunswick & —— Canada Railroad, where may now be seen immense brows of the Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, July 10, best logs we have seen for a many a year. 1875 – TROOP TRAIN – On Monday morning Woodstock —— presented the appearance of a Garrison Town. If there was no Woodstock, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 ! Saturday, May 5, “Marching in hot haste 1877 – HARTLAND ITEMS – Upwards of five million of lumber, And madly forming in the ranks of war,” chiefly owned by Messrs. Randolph and G. H. Connell, will be there was a hurrying to and fro of men clad in the sanguinary rafted at the mouth of the Beckaguimic stream the present season, colours of Mars, all apparently having, however, an objective point under the superintendence of John Bubar, Esquire. of view, to-wit, the railway depot. —— The simple fact is that Monday was the day fixed upon Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, November for the embarkation of the up-river contingents for the Camp at St. 10, 1877 – EAST FLORENCEVILLE ITEMS – We have a steam Andrews, and all this flaunt of red, this roll of cannon on the ferry boat plying between this and the western shore of the St. streets, this flashing past of officers, this burst of martial music, John, which is proving a source of much satisfaction to the was in accordance with that fixed fact and to carry out the order in travelling public. that direction from our War Office at Ottawa. —— Well it took some 19 cars in all to hold the men, horses Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, November and munitions, and these were divided into two trains, one being 17, 1877 – UPPER BRIGHTON ITEMS – J. Bubar, Esq., has gone devoted entirely to the Battery; the first train, that carrying the to the Meduxnakeag to make great slaughter of the spruce tribe. He Infantry, left at the usual hour, the other was dispatched some wants to cut about two millions. hours later. At Debec (Debeck) Junction Captain Hoyt’s company —— joined the train, and at McAdam’s Junction several cars, occupied Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, November by the York County contribution, was switched on and added to 17, 1877 – UPPER BRIGHTON ITEMS – Four trains daily over the now very long train. McAdam, during the interval of waiting the New Brunswick Railway keeps up pretty well blowed up. What for the western train, was very lively, but the crowd was, on the a boom! twice daily we can receive stock; twice daily we can send whole, well behaved, although there were too many, though but away our products. Thanks to the enterprising company of New few, instances in which a spirit more potent than even that of Brunswickers. military ardor, was evident. —— The number of men who came from the three up-river Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, November counties was some 420 rank and file. Ten companies – 8 from 17, 1877 – UPPER BRIGHTON ITEMS – We often hear the Carleton; 1 from Victoria, and 1 from Madawaska. travelling public speak of the way the platform of the Station The officers were Lieutenant Colonel Upton, in House at Hartland is lumbered up with casks of Molasses and command; Majors Lieutenant Colonel Raymond and R. B. paraffin, by which the dress of persons taking passage from said Ketchum; Paymaster Major J. D. Ketchum; Adjutant, Lieutenant J. platform often becomes more or less injured. D. Baird; Surgeon, C. P. Connell, M.D.; Assistant Surgeon, T. B. —— Beveridge, M.D.; Bridge Quarter-master, Captain Emery, had gone Woodstock, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, March down on Saturday. 1, 1879 – JOTTINGS – We notice that Mr. Connell has been Following are the numbers, officers in command, and appointed on a number of House of Commons Committees; among localities of the several companies: others on that if Railways, Canals and Telegraph – one of the most 1. Captain Bourne, Woodstock. important committees. 2. Captain Adams, Tracy Mills. ——

Carleton - 9 Woodstock, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, April critical condition on Sunday last, is considered by the attending 12, 1879 – HARTLAND ITEMS – Under the superintendence of surgeon, Dr. Gaynor, to be out of danger to-day. Evidence is being Mr. Z. Currie, a substantial wharf has been built where the land- accumulated which goes to show that Johnson, his assailant, came slide on the New Brunswick Railroad occurred last week, so that behind the conductor and without warning struck him on top of the the trains resumed their regular trips on Monday. head with a blacksmith’s hammer. The first blow felled the A man named Pickard, of Gibson, unfortunately broke conductor to his knees, the second stupefied him and both inflicted his ankle by jumping off the wharf on Friday. He was attended to dangerous wounds, Johnson then kicked the prostrate man in the by Dr. White, and returned to his home same day. body, struck him twice in the face with a set of steel knuckles and —— finally tried to throw him over the bridge into the mill stream. Fredericton, NB, The Reporter, Page 2 – Wednesday, August Several persons about the railway station knew that Johnson had 6, 1879 – BATH HOTEL FIRE – A hotel occupied by John threatened to murder Conductor Atbridge on that particular night Giberson in Bath, County of Carleton, was destroyed with its and fearing that they would be beaten, too, if they opened their contents on Monday morning. His loss is heavy, and he had no mouths about it did not possess sufficient manhood to tell Atbridge insurance. of the danger which menaced him. Johnson is still at liberty, and —— no adequate attempt has yet been made to capture him. This is Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, May 15, certainly a disgraceful state of affairs, and the query is whether the 1880 – JOTTINGS – Ten immigrants, who came out in the Woodstock authorities are unable or unwilling to make the arrest. “Moravian,” went up to New Denmark on Monday. The air of Debec is full of threats. Dr. Gaynor has already been —— warned that he will have his head knocked in so as to render him Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, June 12, unable to give evidence should Johnson be taken. The station agent 1880 – JOTTINGS – A new Post Office has been established at at Debec is afraid to sleep at nights for fear he will be burned out Kilfoil, in this County, with John Kilfoil as postmaster. and night engineers are on the watch for obstructions on the track. —— It is about time that the constituted authorities show their hands in Woodstock, Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, June 19, an earnest and intelligent manner. 1880 – JOTTINGS – The wire for the Ferry at Hartland, was —— landed on the spot Wednesday and laid across the river on Fredericton, N.B. – The Semi-Weekly Reporter, Page 3 – Thursday. Wednesday, September 30, 1885 – LOCAL & GENERAL – Out —— Of Season – The Woodstock Press mentions the fact that one of Moncton, The Daily Times, Page 3 – Friday, September 24, those unaccountable freaks of nature, which puzzles the naturalist, 1880 – LOCAL & GENERAL – The “Saratoga” of New Brunswick may be noticed in F. P. Sharp’s new orchard. One of the trees set – Fredericton Capital – It may not be generally known that about 8 out last fall is now in quite full efflorescence, four months behind miles from Bath Station on the New Brunswick Railway, there are its neighbours. Most of the tress bore a good crop of apples this mineral springs, which have become famous for their cures of season in spite of being transplanted. The one now in blossom did rheumatism, scrofula, and similar diseases. These springs have not bear fruit this summer, and is evidently attempting to perform been visited by hundreds and all testify to the benefits to be its neglected duty yet, ere the season passes by. derived from a use of their waters. The springs are now neglected. —— There is no suitable accommodation in the vicinity, visitors having Woodstock, NB, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – July 18, 1891 to camp out. It is hard to have to acknowledge, but if these springs – JOTTINGS – The following from the Fredericton Gleaner recalls were in any part of the States, large hotels would be up in their an important fact in connection with settlement in Carleton vicinity, and ere long the neighbourhood would “blossom as the County, and we are glad to be able fully to endorse the Gleaner’s rose.” estimate of the character and value of the settlers referred to:- —— “Thirty years ago this month marked the arrival of the Woodstock, Carleton-Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, October 16, last sailing emigrant vessel from the mother country that ever came 1880 – NEW INVENTION – Manufacture Exhibition – Mr. R. into the port of Saint John. She was the barque Irving, with Scotch Kirkpatrick attracted much attention and warm commendation emigrants brought out by Reverend Mr. Glass, from Scotland, from his exhibited new stump and rock and rail lifters. Of these the many of whom settled at the place now known as Glassville, Globe says:- Mr. R. Kirkpatrick, of Debec Junction, Carleton Carleton County. They were some of New Brunswick’s most County, N.B., in Machinery Hall, makes an exhibit of two valuable intelligent and energetic settlers and they and their descendants are inventions which are worthy of valuable mention. The machines among the most enterprising residents of their county. The children are a stump and rock lifter. These machines were patented by Mr. on board the Irving were suffering from measles on her arrival and Kirkpatrick, who invented them, and they were never before the vessel was quarantined. shown anywhere before this Exhibition. The rock lifter consists of —— a centre bar between two parallel ratchet bars suspended from a Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 3 – Saturday, December tripod, and worked by a double lever. The machine is very simple 25, 1897 – AN OUTSIDER’S VIEW – Mr. Editor In regard to and will lift a weight of ten tons. The track lifter is made similarly. Board of Trade for Hartland, I presume the business men of your It is now in use on the New Brunswick & Canada Railway, and is village are in business for the money they derive; the writer can highly recommended by Mr. Stewart and Mr. Osburn, the remember when the difference in the carload rate of certain class managers of the road. freight between Saint John and Woodstock and Saint John and —— Hartland was only 3 cents per 100 lbs., while now the Woodstock Woodstock, N.B. – The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Saturday, man gets the same freight 6 cents per 100 lbs. less than the May 19, 1883 – JOTTINGS – The new Station House, to replace Hartlander, this means $12.00 on a carload of 10 tons, now if you the one burned a few weeks ago at Debec, is almost finished. people at Hartland had a board of trade you possibly could get a —— reduction in freight that would bring the difference down to the old Moncton, The Daily Transcript, Page 2 – Thursday, April 17, basis at least, or better perhaps. 1884 – DEBEC, NEW BRUNSWICK – A Startling State of Affairs If my advise is good for anything I would say get your – Debec, April 16 – Conductor Atbridge, of the New Brunswick merchants together and get down to business or you will be left. Railway, who was savagely assaulted a few days, though in a Yours truly

Carleton - 10 Nackawic. C. J. TABOR, Proprietor —— Good Sample Rooms: Thoroughly Equipped Bath Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 3 – Saturday, December Room; Electric Lights; Electric Bells. 25, 1897 – TWO BURNING QUESTIONS – Mr. Editor – This Coaches in attendance at all trains. Livery Stable Hartland bridge question is one that interests me, and I am safe in Attached. saying it interests almost everyone on either side of the St. John —— River within a radius of five or six miles from here, so therefore I Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 5 – Saturday, January presume to say a few words on this burning question through your 22, 1898 – The Railway News is a weekly paper published at New very much needed and well edited paper “The Tiser.” Now to be Glasgow, NS, by E. Lawrence, the spectacular adjuster. A late plain I claim that we are being duped fully as well as the young issue speaks thus favourable of our town: “Hartland is a live go fellow was who allowed a confidence man to make him believe he ahead town, has a good weekly paper, a bank, good waterworks, was his friend until he got all his cash. We are allowing ourselves good hotels, and now intends forming a Board of Trade. Hartland to be represented in Provincial Parliament by men whose interest it merchants are alive and are trying to induce people to go into the is, and also for the town and village in which they live to never town to do business. No restrictions are put on trade there and the give us a bridge for it will take trade directly away from them. I am results can be easily seen by the bustling business the merchants safe in saying that since the ice began to run that there has been do.” two thousand dollars of trade from the west side of the river gone —— to Woodstock and Florenceville that should and would have come Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 4 – Saturday, February to Hartland had there been a bridge. Now, Residents of Hartland 5, 1898 – and Somerville this is simply a case of dollars and cents for us and COMMERCIAL – HOTEL it is enough so to make us kick clear over the traces and make this A. RIDEOUT, Proprietor question the only one for us in the future until we get a bridge. I OPPOSITE STATION, HARTLAND, N.B. suggest as a beginning that when opportunity offers that we have a Transient and Permanent Board at right prices. Special man on the ticket from Hartland to represent us in Provincial accommodations for the travelling public – large sample room and Parliament; one whose personal interest is at stake, as well as the no expense for truckage. Horses to let. general for that is all we are getting now, and have a bridge or —— fight. Why it would be very much cheaper for all on the west side Woodstock, NB, The Carleton Sentinel, Page 2 – Friday, to be taxed directly in some way for a bridge than to be as they are November 7, 1913 – PASSED INSPECTION BUT BRIDGE FELL now, and it would be just as good for all in Hartland also. I see – Structure Goes Down and Two Men Narrowly Escape Death – Woodstock getting outspoken with their jealously of Hartland as a Hartland Observer – On Monday Gorge Tedlie and Marshall Chase trading point for farmers; and also that they are organizing to direct of Lower Brighton had a narrow escape from a terrible death when trade away from us. And now is the time for us to act in this the Downey Creek bridge on which they were working fell, matter, and to act unitedly and take care of interests that our rightly carrying them with it a distance of 35 feet to the gulch below. ours; interests for which we have to thank ourselves. When once Chase had three ribs broken and was badly shaken up. Mr. Tedlie this trade is started away from us towards other points it will not be escaped miraculously with nothing more serious than many bad so easy to turn it back. I suggest the organizing of a Board of Trade bruises and a general shaking-up, sufficient however, to lay him up at once to discuss these questions and get them worked up to a red for a time. hot heat, then we can get something we ask for and have some This bridge is located at the turn of the road a short weight as voters and not be as we are now, just some folks with a distance below the site of the old Newburgh Junction. Repairs had handle on for others to use as they chose. And by-the-way, I am been ordered to the superstructure, which was placed on six bents looking every day for someone to come to our green town and get of four timbers each. These bents had recently been examined by a hold of this handle and make it turn at their will again. I have Superintendent Jackson and were passed as being in good said only a little yet on this question and not at all fully discussed condition, needing no repairs. While the men were at work, this from every stand point. There is a great deal to say yet, but however, the entire supporting structure of six bents went crashing will close for this time and ask someone to write this question up down. as it should be. It will be sometime before even a temporary work can Thanks Mr. Editor be erected, while an entirely new bridge will have to be built. What is it? Bridge The river Bridge at Hartland has also passed inspection Hartland, December 22nd. and is considered “safe” for several years yet. —— —— Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 2 – Saturday, January 1, Woodstock, L. P. Fisher Library – LETTER WRITTEN JUNE 1898 – Work on the Acker Creek Bridge is near completion. 15, 1898 BY WILLIAM TAYLOR, OF LOWER BRIGHTON, —— CARLETON COUNTY, NB, TO HIS FRIEND, WENTWORTH Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 5 – Saturday, January DOW, IN WISCONSIN: – Dear Friend Wentworth Dow, 15, 1898 – A correspondent to the Fredericton Gleaner writes: I will now attempt to write to you hoping these lines Hartland is agitating for a bridge across the river, and are pressing will reach you finding you and family well as I am at present their claims upon the government. We are not in sympathy with the though feeling the effect of old age. I was 80 years old the 4th. of custom of bridge promising at election times., but this is certainly a last September. My wife was 69 the 2nd. of last May, a few months case of long standing injustice that a place of Hartland’s size and older than you are. We both have been living with our daughter business importance should be deprived of this facility of trade. Annie Evelin who is married to George E. Tedlie, son of William The bridge must come. Tedlie who married Adeline, one of George Robinson’s daughters. —— George Tedlie owns the old Esquire Noble place with the one Hartland, Hartland Advertiser, Page 5 – Saturday, January owned once by Elder Joseph Noble. He has a large house standing 15, 1898 – on the same ground old father Noble’s house stood when you first CARLISLE – HOTEL came to Brighton. George and Annie have three children, the eldest Formerly Wilbur House a girl Tessie, 13 years old tomorrow, next a boy Donald F., 8 the Main Street, Woodstock, N.B. 6th. of last January, the youngest Raymond, 6 the 29th. of this

Carleton - 11 month. They are all smart nice children. I have two sons, the elder lives to the 5th. of November next. She was 75 last April. Their son Wilmot, 34 the 21st. of July next, who is a shipper of goods in Reuben married Elisha Gray’s daughter. They are living with the Lowell, MA, married first George Gray’s daughter, granddaughter old folks, will own the farm. of Mr. Nat & Ruth Gray. She died in Lowell 8 years ago leaving a I need not write about your brother William, or Charles daughter only a few days old, who has lived with George Gray, her Richardson, as you have all the information from him. The old grandfather, ever since. Her name is Eugene, the name of her William Richardson farm is divided, Charles Richardson owning mother, who is much loved by her grandparents. Wilmot married the upper half and William Tedlie the lower. William Tedlie’s son the second time, Mabel Hamilton, granddaughter of John and Ruth Henry, who married Davis Phillips granddaughter, lives on the old Keys. He has two children by her, a boy 6 years old, and a very Tedlie homestead. The youngest brother, Fred, is learning to be an young daughter. engineer in Woodstock. William Tedlie owns the Uncle Robinson My second son, Charlie S. Taylor, age 32 the 20th. of place. William Robinson, who married Rebecca, William Gray’s last April, is not married. He is at present, and has been for 8 years, daughter, lives in Windsor ten miles or more from the mouth of the brakeman, and sometimes in the baggage car, on the express train Becaguimec. He was visiting here last week. He is doing and running from St. Stephen to Presque Isle, passing here every day. looking well. Most of his family are married. He gives me daily papers every time he passes. He has been Robert Nixon was killed by logs falling on him, which running on different trains 12 years the 22nd. of last April, he was hauling on the Aroostook, eleven years ago last March. His sometimes as conductor. The railroad from Woodstock crosses the widow Jane, and son Stephen, who married one of John Tedlie s river at Upper Woodstock, or Hardscrabble, runs to Newburg road daughters, live on the old homestead. John Nixon, Robert’s where there is a Station, called the Newburg Junction because one brother, died five years ago next December. His widow Ann, and branch goes up the Acker Creek and continues several miles from two sons, John (who married Richard McKinney’s daughter, the River St. John till it reaches Gibson, opposite Fredericton, whose mother was Lisann, granddaughter of old father Noble), and where a train called the Gibson train runs to Woodstock and back George Nixon, are living on the John Nixon homestead. Old Uncle to Gibson and Fredericton every day. The other branch continues George Noble died seven years ago last April. His wife Nancy died up the River St. John, close to it, to Grand Falls, Edmundston, and five years before. Their son David, who married Gilbert Brown’s on to Quebec. At the mouth of Aroostook River a branch runs up daughter, lives on the old homestead. the Aroostook River to Presque Isle, and trains run from there Robert Dickenson, my wife’s brother, who married through Maine to Bangor, Boston, as well as from Woodstock to Sarah Ann Hale, Martin Hale’s daughter, lives on the old David St. Stephen and Boston. Noble place, north of and (facing) where we are living. Gilbert The railroad crosses the mouth of Acker Creek over a Brown and wife still living. He was 79 last March, same age of bridge 160 feet high, passes just a short distance east of the grave George Stickney. Daniel Brown died twenty nine years ago last yard (near the old house where I taught school 55 years ago this February. His widow Susan, and two sons, Byron and Bruce, are summer). It continues on the bank of the river, on the west of the living on the old homestead. Jonathan, Daniel’s brother, who houses where we lived when you was home last (time), on the married Emma, daughter of Uncle Duncan Dickinson, died last bank of the river over McGee’s front, crosses the Deep Creek close November, leaving a widow and one son, Norris, who is near to the river, following the shore till it strikes the flat in front of dying with the consumption. The three old brothers, Daniel, Bradleys, Grays and Nevers. Gilbert and Jonathan, had the old Brown farm divided among My step-son, Fraser Richardson, built a large house on them. Daniel has five sons and one daughter living. Gilbert has the David Kimball place, which he bought, and is still living there. four sons and two daughters living. Jonathan left two sons (one in He has four daughters, all single, no sons. He has for twenty years the States), and one daughter. been largely engaged in lumbering. He was 50 years old last March Benjamin Richardson died eight years ago last 11th.. His wife was Melissa Birmingham, old name Brumingham. February. His daughter Louise, who married Adolphue Willet, and His brother Willoughby married a girl in Lowell where he was her brother Robert Peel, are living on the old homestead. Richard working. He is now trading, store keeping, at Hartland, the town Dickeneon (my wife’s brother who married Benjamin on the flat at the mouth of the Becaguimec. He owns several Richardson’s youngest daughter), died four years ago next buildings there and is doing very well. He has two children, son December, leaving a widow and seven children, three young men Chester, 16 years old, and daughter 10. George, the other brother, who live and own the place joining Daniel Brown on the south. now 44 years old, has a wife, and one son 19 years old, Arthur, Old Mr. Thomas Ackerson and wife have been dead living at Fort Fairfield, boot & shoe maker, doing good business. some years. His only son, Nehemiah, who married Amelia, a sister Their sister, Lizzie Richardson, married Jesse, one of old Uncle of my wife, live on the old homestead. My wife’s father, Darius Jesse Shaw’s sons. She is now 49 years old. They live at Hartland, Dickinson, has been dead thirty years last September. His widow have 4 children, one son & 3 daughters, all doing well. died twenty years ago, leaving five sons and six daughters, all I have endeavoured to give you the particulars of our living but two sons, John and Richard. James lives in Carlisle, ten family. I will now try and write something about your old miles back of Hartland. Samuel owns and lives on the Asa neighbours. Birmingham owns your Uncle John Dow’s, Jimmy Robinson place. David Kimball, who married my wife’s oldest Jones, and the Nat Gray farms. George McGee’s son William, who sister, now 77, died a year ago last September. She is in Lowell, married Reuben Robinson’s daughter Susan, is living on the old MA, with her two sons and daughter. All the old James Dickinson homestead with nice new buildings. They have two sons, the elder, family who lived in Newburg, children I mean, are living, except Willie, married Joseph Robinson’s daughter, granddaughter of Asa two, Harvey, and Mary, Joseph Robinson’s wife, who died a year Robinson; the younger, Judson, lives home, single. ago last January. Asa Robinson has been dead twenty three years. Darius Nixon’s son, Robert Nixon, married Annie, He left four sons, two (-----) preachers in a distant land, Joseph, a daughter of George Stickney, lives on the lower or south part of widower on the homestead. Your mother will be dead six years the the old George McGee farm. Richard, brother of Darius, who 31st. of August next, aged 84. She died a Christian, as others I have married a daughter of Ellihea & Margaret Cogswell, lives between mentioned. George Robinson (brother of Asa and Reuben), has William McGee and Darius. been dead over thirty years. His widow, Esther, William Tedlie’s Your nephew Alva, son of William, lives on a part of wife’s mother, died five years ago last April. None of their family the old James McGee farm. Reuben Robinson Senior and his wife are living on the old homestead. Downey sons live on the old Rebecca are still living on the old homestead. He will be 80 if he place. No one is living on your father’s old place out Havelock.

Carleton - 12 Dear friend, I have been very particular, as you see, in will care about reading. I would have written before but could not endeavouring to give you all the information I can respecting the get your address. changes which, in many cases, have taken place since you left. William Taylor This may appear very or not interesting to your children to read, Post script: B but judging you by myself, I know how interested I am to hear the Great improvements since you left. Carriages, horses particulars of the places and persons I was familiar with in my and finery pass here every few minutes, equal to the streets in youthful days. I cannot hear much from my old friend in your Fredericton sixty years ago. The roads have been so changed and country. I heard last summer that your Uncle William McKeen was improved that there are no hills to obstruct. There are two bridges still living. It seems but a short time when you first went to school crossing the river St. John at Woodstock, the railroad bridge to me in the old log school house between Garret curries and crossing Sharp’s Island and the waggon & foot bridge crossing the Solomon Goods, though it will be sixty two years the first day of head of Bull’s Island ending at the old English Landing, one August next. I little thought then that one of my scholars, Zebulin thousand yards long, steel bridge costing over two hundred Currie, would build several bridges across St. John River, which he thousand dollars, built three years ago. There are two bridges did before he died. He has one son who takes his father’s place in across the same river at Florenceville (old Buttermilk Creek), a that occupationary. Another scholar who learned his letters with railway and foot, two at Perth at Tobique River, and two at Grand me, 4 years old, Nehemiah Esty, has a son located just above, at Falls, two at Fredericton and two at Saint John. Hartland, as medical doctor. You remember when you, William, The Brighton side of the river has gone far ahead of the and John L., tried to play truant one day in Kingsclear. My old Wakefield or western side for the improvement of travelling and Uncle Enoch and Aunt Hannah, and William, Henry, Phelon and roads. Uncle Ned (Robinson?) has been dead nearly forty years. his wife, have been dead many years. Mary Ann and Maria are still His widow died eleven years ago. Their grandson Haley and their living not far from Houlton. I have not been there for over twenty daughter Susan, widow, live on the old homestead. T(emleia) live years. on the old McKenny place. Frank Taylor is living in Eu St. Clair We are having a fine spring and summer so far, with (Eau Claire) with his family. I do not know where Tom is. Henry is every appearance of fine crops of hay, grain and fruit. I would around working in different places some steadier than he was. dearly like to see you and talk of old times. William Richardson David, William and George Kimball are dead, John living back of has been dead twenty-two years. His widow Sarah is living with Hartland. Will Kimball’s widow lives on the old Kimball place her daughter, Melissa, who married Sam Hayden for her first below Acker Creek. My father died 38 years ago last May. Lucy husband and Mr. Boone for her second. She and her mother are his widow died 7 years ago. I do not know as you can read my both widows now (you see I omitted that where I ought to have writing. I have cramps in my fingers when I write any time. Excuse mentioned it). My wife and family join in sending our love and what deficiencies you may see. I started to number the pages but respects to you and your family, hoping to receive a letter from got entangled after the 6. I will close on this, calling number “B,” you, hearing that you and family are well, that you have received the other side number “A”. June 15, 1898, very heavy west wind this letter. Where is Sylvester Dow and his brother William? and cold. I remain your old true friend, William Taylor William Taylor. Compiled by: George Hayward, 29 Leeds Drive, Fredericton, NB, Post script: A E3B 4S7 (506) 457-1306, November 12, 1987; Revised December I will write a few lines now to let you know about our 16, 1988. church. There have been two meeting houses built here since you —— was home. The first 23 years ago on the upper line of Jonathan Brown, opposite Daniel Browns house, large and suitable enough J. A. Clowes to accommodate all in the district. But a division among the church – End of File – members took place about eight years ago, some holding to a second blessing to be obtained after conversion, called entire Sanctification, the old Weslyan doctrine which caused a separation in 1886, and the building of another church in 1886 on the front of David Noble’s farm where his father George lived. Charles Richardson and William McGee are the deacons of this old Free Baptist church or denomination. Leonard Brooks, son-in-law of John Tedlie, and Byron Brown, are the deacons of the lower house called the Reformed Baptist church. Reverend Joseph Noble, now 83 years old the 4th. of next August, is still able to attend and hold meetings. Old Elder Hart has been dead 31 years last winter. Old Elder McLeod, editor of the Religious Intelligencer, died about the same time. His son Joseph is the present editor, title Reverend Dr. McLeod. Charles Richardson has three sons in or near British Columbia, one son and three daughters home with him. Three daughters married, Jane to Jo Wires, living beyond Houlton, Hattie to your cousin Adam Robinson, living two miles back of Wm. Tedlies, and Marada to Beecher, Richard McKenny’s son, living on Richards homestead. William Hale, who married Ester Tedlie, died five years ago leaving a widow and five children, children all married. Nancy Tedlie, who was married to James Dickinson, has been dead 26 years, leaving two daughters, the eldest the wife of Benny, son of Esq. Ben Richardson, living now next lot south or below us. Fred Dickenson, son of Uncle Duncan, is living on the old homestead over the river. I think I have written more than you

Carleton - 13