Supplementary Material

Title: The longitudinal BELLA study: Design, methods and first results on the course of mental health problems

Journal: Journal of European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Authors: Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer, Christiane Otto, Levente Kriston, Aribert Rothenberger, Manfred Döpfner, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Claus Barkmann, Gerhard Schön, Heike Hölling, Michael Schulte-Markwort, Fionna Klasen & the BELLA study group

Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer MPH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Martinistr. 52, D - 20246 Hamburg, E-Mail: [email protected] Supplementary Table 1. Age of participants (baseline cohort and new participants) at each measurement point of the BELLA study

BELLA baseline cohort New BELLA participants Baseline 1-year follow-up 2-year follow-up (2005- 6-year follow-up (2002-2006) (2004-2007) 2008) (2009-2012) (2009-2012) Age of participants 3 years old 47 4 years old 128 5 years old 152 6 years old 202 7 years old 268 256 8 years old 283 234 197 9 years old 287 249 206 187 10 years old 291 250 231 151 11 years old 265 250 240 110 12 years old 252 212 225 110 13 years old 261 219 181 28 91 14 years old 221 227 207 117 91 15 years old 266 183 208 167 88 16 years old 243 220 167 166 67 17 years old 226 191 192 130 61 18 years old 188 158 159 72 19 years old 175 111 66 20 years old 127 73 21 years old 95 68 22 years old 105 56 23 years old 224 138 Total 2,863 2,423 2,190 1,429 2,411 Supplementary Table 2. Measurements in the BELLA study

Construct Standardised measures/specific items B 1- 2- 6-year as ye ye follow- eli ar ar up ne fo fo llo llo w- w- up up Socio-demographic Variables Gender single item     Age single item     Socio-economic status Winkler-Index1  - - - Revised SES Index2 - - -  Mental Health Problems General mental health SDQ problems     Anxiety SCARED     PHQ-Screener - - -  Selected items of the FBB-ANG assessing Anxiety disorders (from the DISYPS-KJ) - -  - Depression CES-DC     DIKJ    - PHQ-8 - - -  Selected items of the FBB-DES assessing Depressive disorders (from the DISYPS-KJ) - -  - Conduct Disorder CBCL     ADHD CRS-R     FBB-HKS assessing Hyperkinetic disorders (from the DISYPS-KJ)    - Eating Disorders Body weight in kilograms and height in meter for calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI)     Mental Disorders SCOFF     Confirmed diagnosis of mental health problems by physician.     DIPS for Anxiety Disorders, Affective Disorders, Conduct Disorders, ADHD, Eating - - -  Disorders, Substance abuse/addiction. CID-S - - -  Health-related Quality of Life KINDL-R     KIDSCREEN     SF-36 - - -  Risk factors Parental psychopathology SCL-S-9     Parental quality of life SF-12     Parental strain Items assessing the burden caused by housekeeping, being a single parent, tending a family member in need of care, job-related  - -  problems, or financial problems Risk-Index Items assessing family conflicts, harmony in     partnership, unemployment, parental chronic diseases, unwanted pregnancy, parental alcohol consumption Life events Items assessing serious illness or accident, death of a close person, marriage or new partnership, -    change of school Protective factors Self-efficacy GSE     Self-concept SPPC    - Selected items of the CHIP-AE  - - - Coping ACOPE, ECOPE -    Optimism BFW, CSOS     Family climate FCS     Parental support 8 items from the HBSC     Social support 8 selected age-appropriate items from the German SSS     Peer competence 5 items from the HBSC     School climate 5 items from the HBSC     Health care utilisation Items assessing use (and frequency of use) of health care utilisation by professionals, e.g.     psychiatrist or psychologist Items assessing paths of mental health care utilisation - - -  Items assessing knowledge of mental health care provision - - -  Items assessing satisfaction with health care services - - -  Items assessing barriers towards mental health care utilisation - - -  1 by Winkler & Stolzenberg [1]; 2 by Lampert et al. [2] List of abbreviations:  SES=socio-economic status (parental education, occupational qualification, occupational position, income)

 SDQ=Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman [3]) & Impact Supplement (Goodman [4])

 SCARED=Screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (Birmaher et al. [5,6]; German version by Plass et al. [7])

 PHQ-Screener=Patient Health Questionnaire-Screener for Panic Syndrom (Spitzer et al. [8]; German version by Löwe et al. [9]; Gräfe et al. [10])

 FBB-ANG=Proxy-questionnaire for Anxiety disorders (Fremdbeurteilungsbogen für Angststörungen) from the Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence (Diagnostik-System für psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter; Döpfner et al. [11])

 DISYPS-KJ=Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence (Diagnostik-System für psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter; Döpfner et al. [11])

 CES-DC=Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (Radloff et al. [12]; German version by Barkmann et al. [13])

 DIKJ=Depression Inventory for Children and Adolescents (Depressions-Inventar für Kinder und Jugendliche; Stiensmeier- Pelster et al. [14,15])

 PHQ-8=Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (Kroenke et al. [16]; German version by Löwe et al. [9]; Gräfe et al. [10])  FBB-DES=Proxy-questionnaire for Depressive disorders (Fremdbeurteilungsbogen für Depressive Störungen) from the Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence (Diagnostik-System für psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter; Döpfner et al. [11])

 CBCL=Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach [17]; German version by Arbeitsgruppe Deutsche Child Behavior Checklist [18])

 ADHD=Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

 CRS-R=Conners‘ Rating Scales-Revised (Conners [19]; Conners et al. [20])

 FBB-HKS=Proxy-questionnaire for Hyperkinetic disorders (Fremdbeurteilungsbogen für hyperkinetische Störungen) from the Diagnostic System for Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence (Diagnostik-System für psychische Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter; Döpfner et al. [11])

 SCOFF=SCOFF Questionnaire (Morgan et al. [21]; Hölling et al. [22])

 DIPS=Diagnostic Interview for Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents (Diagnostisches Interview bei psychischen Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter; Schneider et al. [23]; Unnewehr et al. [24])

 CID-S=Composite International Diagnostic Screener (Wittchen et al. [25])

 KINDL-R=Questionnaire to assess Health-related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents – Revised version (Ravens- Sieberer et al. [26])

 KIDSCREEN=Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (Ravens-Sieberer et al. [27])

 SF-36=Short Form-36 Health Survey (Ware et al. [28]; German version by Bullinger et al. [29])

 SCL-S-9=Symptom-Check List Shortversion-9 (Klaghofer et al. [30])

 SF-12= Short Form-12 Health survey (Ware et al. [31]; German version by Bullinger et al. [29])

 GSE=General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer et al. [32]; German version by Schwarzer et al. [33])

 SPPC=Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter [34]; German version by Asendorpf et al. [35])

 CHIP-AE=Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition (Starfield et al. [36])

 ACOPE=Problem-focused Coping (Problemorientiertes, aktives Coping; Jerusalem et al. [37])

 ECOPE=Emotion-focused Coping (Emotionsorientiertes, vermeidendes Coping; Bäßler et al. [38])

 BFW=Berner Questionnaire on Adolescents’ Subjective Well-Being (Berner Fragebogen für Wohlbefinden; Grob et al. [39])

 CSOS=Children’s Sense of Coherence Scale (Margalit et al. [40]; German version by Kern et al. [41])

 FCS=Family Climate Scale (Familienklima-Skala; Schneewind et al. [42]) which is the German adaptation of the Family Environmental Scale (Moos [43]; Moos et al. [44])

 HBSC=Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey (Currie et al. [45])

 SSS=Social Support Scale (Donald et al. [46])

Supplementary References

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