Chapter 5 Section 1 Study Guide a Growing Nation

Name: ______Date: ______Class: ______Chapter 5 Section 1 Study Guide A Growing Nation Transportation Revolution:  Erie Canal – man made waterway, 363 mile waterway connecting Hudson River with Lake Erie o When completed the Erie Canal cut the travel time from New York to Buffalo from 20 days to ______days.  Congress funded a major east-west highway called the ______from Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois.  Rivers offered a faster, more efficient, and cheaper way of travel than roads. o Robert Fulton built the ______– the first steamboat that traveled upstream.  Roads:  Cumberland Railroad – national road from Cumberland, Maryland to Columbus, OH  Turnpikes: company constructed road and charged toll to make a profit  Railroads:  Railroad also appeared in the early 1800s. A wealthy, self-educated industrialist named ______built the Tom Thumb a tiny powerful locomotive that raced a horse.

Industrial Revolution – aim to increase production with use of machines  Many new inventions:  Samuel Slater – established the first successful ______.  Eli Whitney – made both ______parts and the ______

Advances in communication:  ______- a preference for native-born people and a desire to limit immigration.  In 1854, a political party known as the ______party supported measures making it difficult for foreigners to become citizens or hold political office.

The Slave System  Most enslaved African Americans lived in ______where they worked on farms and plantations  Supervisors known as ______carried out masters orders and often issued punishments to other slaves for breaking rules  Most plantations used the ______system where all field hands worked at the same time on the same task.  Slaves worked long hours from sunup to sundown and men, women, and children older than about ____ years old usually did the same tasks  In small ways slaves rebelled against the system of slavery. Many southerners lived in fear of violent slave revolts, the most violent was ______in 1831. . Nat Turner led a group of slaves and killed ______white men, women, and children. It took him ______weeks to final be executed on ______.