7.8 Study Questions # 1

1. What is the lower part of the septum?

2. What is the double-layered membrane that covers the outside of the heart?

3. What is the period of ventricular contraction in the heart is called?

4. During diastole, explain what happens to the atria and the ventricles.

5. Whar do electrical impulses originating in the heart cause?

6. What is the movement of the electrical impulse in the heart used to detect?

7. What are the smallest branches of arteries are called?

8. Which vessels have thin walls containing only one layer of cells?

9. What vessels allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through to body cells?

10. What two blood proteins are necessary for the clotting of blood? 7.8 Study Questions # 2

11. What is the composition of blood plasma?

12. What two gasses does hemoglobin carry?

13. What is a process by which leukocytes destroy pathogens or germs?

14. What is high blood pressure?

15. What type of anemia is a result of injury to or destruction of the bone marrow?

16. What is a ballooning out of, or saclike formation on, an artery wall?

17. What is a foreign substance circulating in the bloodstream?

18. What is a common symptom of a myocardial infarction?

19. What is a malignant disease of the blood vessels that destroys white blood cells?

20. Which anemia is a chronic, inherited anemia that occurs almost exclusively among African Americans? 7.8 Study Questions # 3 21. What are abnormal heart rhythms and can be mild to life threatening? 22. What delivers electrical impulses only when the heart’s own conduction system is not responding correctly? 23. What are the blood cells that are responsible for blood clotting.

24. What is the procedure that is used to remove or compress deposits in arteries, or to insert a stent to allow blood flow? 25. If hypertension is not treated, what can it cause?

26.What is the muscle layer of the heart?

27. Which chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood as it returns from body cells?

28.Which chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood as it returns from the lungs?

29.What is the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium?

30.What is the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium?

31.Which blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart? 7.8 Study Questions # 4

32.Which blood vessels that contain valves to prevent blood from flowing in a backward direction?

33.Which blood vessels that are more muscular and elastic than are the other blood vessels?

34.How much blood does the average adult have in his or her body?

35.What is the largest artery in the body?

36.Which blood proteins does NOT aid in clotting?

37.Which blood cells contain hemoglobin?

38.What is the average number of erythrocytes in one cubic millimeter of blood?

39.What does the bright red color of blood indicate?

40.Which blood cells can fight infection?

41.What is the average number of thrombocytes per cubic millimeter of blood?

42. What are the functions of thrombocytes?

43.What is an inherited disease that occurs almost exclusively in males and in which the blood is unable to clot? 44.What is an inflammation of a vein with the formation of a clot?

45.What are the leukocytes that provide immunity for the body by developing antibodies and protect against the formation of cancer cells?

46.What are dilated, swollen veins that have lost elasticity and cause stasis, or decreased blood flow called?

47. What are the risk factors that increases the incidence of hypertension? 48. Trace the pathway of the electrical impulse in the heart, listing all parts of the pathway in the correct order.

49. Name five things that blood transports through the body.

50. What is the disease that occurs when fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of arteries?

51. List three treatments that can be used to control hypertension.

52. Trace a drop of blood through the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart. Name the blood vessels carrying the blood, the valves, and all chambers of the heart. Heart Diagram

Identify the following structures on the diagram below.

A. ______J. ______B. ______K. ______C. ______L. ______D. ______M. ______E. ______N. ______F. ______O. ______G. ______P. ______H. ______Q. ______I. ______