Basic Skull Positions

BASIC SKULL POSITIONS For FINAL (9/3/2017)

PATIENT NAME AREA POSITION & POSITION OF PART SIZE OF IR CR ENTER/EXIT PROJECTION forehead and nose against PA PRONE OR film EXIT AT NASION OML perpendicular to plane PA: PERPENDICULAR 10X12 PA + PA AXIAL of film CRANIUM PA ERECT OR LENGTHWISE (Actually works (CALDWELL) Nasion centered to CALDWELL: 15 DEG BUCKY/GRID better exiting at cassette CAUDAD glabella) LAT DECUB patient supine, head turned (X-TABLE) facing IR back of head against IR AP ERECT OR AP: PERPENDICULAR ENTER AT NASION AP + AP AXIAL OML perpendicular to 10X12 (Actually works (REVERSE CRANIUM AP SUPINE OR plane of film. LENGTHWISE REVERSE better exiting at CALDWELL) BUCKY/GRID CALDWELL: glabella) LAT DECUB supine, head away from IR 15 DEG CEPHALAD (X-TABLE) center EAM to midline of CR ERECT OR 10X12 ENTER 2" Interpupillary line PERPENDICULAR TO LATERAL CRANIUM SEMI-PRONE OR CROSSWISE SUPERIOR TO perpendicular to CR IR BUCKY/GRID EAM DORSAL DECUB patient supine, film on L (X-TABLE LAT) side

AP ERECT OR OML perpendicular to film. 10X12 2-2.5" ABOVE AP AXIAL CRANIUM Top of film at cranial LENGTHWISE 30 DEG CAUDAD GLABELLA, (TOWNE) AP SUPINE vertex. BUCKY/GRID THROUGH EAM ENTER THROUGH 10X12 rest head on vertex, IOML PERPENDICULAR TO THROAT, 3/4" SMV (BASAL) CRANIUM ERECT ONLY LENGTHWISE parallel to IR IOML ANTERIOR TO BUCKY/GRID EAM SINUSES (collimated in)

PATIENT NAME AREA POSITION & POSITION OF PART SIZE OF IR CR + ANGLE ENTER/EXIT PROJECTION

chin on IR, nose 1/2" from PARIETO- film, head back so OML 37 EXIT AT ACANTHIAL MAXILLARY PA ERECT deg from IR, mentomeatal ACANTHION (WATERS) line approx. perpendicular to IR

looks similar to lateral ENTER 1/2" - 1" PERPENDICULAR TO LATERAL SPHENOID ERECT skull, but coned to front 8X10 POSTERIOR TO IR half of cranium LENGTHWISE OUTER CANTHUS GRID/BUCKY Tip of nose on the IR, (No angulation!) PA AXIAL FRONTAL & PA ERECT extend neck so OML forms EXIT AT NASION (CALDWELL) ETHMOID 15 deg with CR ENTER THROUGH SPHENOID & similar to basal skull but THROAT, 3/4" SMV (BASAL) ERECT ONLY ETHMOID coned to front 2/3 head ANTERIOR TO EAM

MANDIBLE

PATIENT NAME AREA POSITION & POSITION OF PART SIZE OF IR CR ANGLE ENTER/EXIT PROJECTION

Forehead and nose on IR 8X10 MANDIBULAR PA PRONE OR PA lengthwise PERPENDICULAR EXIT ACANTHION RAMI ERECT (OML perpendicular to IR) GRID/BUCKY Nose and chin on IR 8X10 PA PRONE OR PA BODY lengthwise PERPENDICULAR EXIT LIPS ERECT (AML perpendicular to IR) GRID/BUCKY MANDIBLE CONT.

Extend head so angle of mandible clears c-spine 25 DEG CEPHALAD Through 8x10 or AXIOLATERAL RAMUS RECUMBENT OR Head in true lateral mandible on side LENGTHWISE have combination of OBLIQUES: ERECT position or if head tilted – of interest GRID/BUCKY tilt and CR equal 25 have combination of tilt degrees and CR equal 25 degrees

NASAL BONES PATIENT NAME AREA POSITION & POSITION OF PART SIZE OF IR CR + ANGLE ENTER/EXIT PROJECTION

8X10 SINGLE ERECT OR interpupillary line lengthwise PERPENDICULAR TO 1/2" DISTAL TO LATERAL NASAL BONES SEMI-PRONE perpendicular to film (Generally IR NASION ( L OR R) nongrid) ZYGOMATIC ARCHES

ZYGOMATIC ENTER THROUGH SMV similar to basal skull, rest head 8X10 ARCHES UPRIGHT OR PERPENDICULAR THROAT AT 1" on vertex, IOML nearly parallel CROSSWISE SUPINE TO IOML POSTERIOR TO (jughandle) to IR. Collimate to arches GRID/BUCKY (Bilateral) OUTER CANTHI

rest head on vertex. IOML parallel to IR. rotate ENTER L or R midsagittal plane 15 deg toward 8X10 ZYGOMATIC ARCH SINGLE ARCH UPRIGHT OR PERPENDICULAR ZYGOMATIC side being examined. Tilt top CROSSWISE AT 1" POSTERIOR TANGENTIAL SUPINE TO IOML ARCH of head 15 deg away from side GRID/BUCKY TO OUTER being examined. Center part to CANTHUS IR

AP AXIAL OML perpendicular to IR. 8X10 ZYGOMATIC UPRIGHT OR NOTE: if patient cannot flex ENTER GLABELLA CROSSWISE 30 DEG CAUDAD (MODIFIED ARCHES SUPINE neck, IOML perpendicular to IR 1" ABOVE NASION GRID/BUCKY TOWNE) and angle 37 deg caudad TMJ'S

TEMPORO- LATERAL interpupillary line is 8X10 ENTER 1/2" AXIOLATERAL R 25-30 DEG MANDIBULAR ERECT OR perpendicular to IR. Do both CROSSWISE ANTERIOR AND 2" AND L CAUDAD JOINTS SUPINE open and closed mouth. GRID/BUCKY SUPERIOR TO EAM

Orbits

MODIFIED center IR to orbits, chin and WATERS For PA Prone or 8x10 PERPENDICULAR nose on IR (OML is 50 deg from EXIT acanthion (SHALLOW Orbits/optics erect LENGTHWISE TO IR IR) WATERS)

PA oblique, For place chin, cheek and nose 8x10 PERPENDICULAR EXIT center of 3 pt landing erect or Orbits/optics against IR LENGTHWISE TO IR orbit recumbent