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SESAR/WP-C02 Outline Description Template- Version 1.0 dated 2 December 2013 OUTLINE DESCRIPTION Electronic Terrain and Obstacle Data (TOD)

Section I DESCRIPTION of MAIN OPERATIONAL CHANGE Operational In the last decade, there has been a growing understanding within the aviation community that digital, computer-based context applications can be used by airborne and ground-based systems to provide users with enhanced safety-critical information that enables more balanced judgements to be made and improves the decision-making process. Requirements for provision of terrain and obstacle information on charts or in paper form no longer satisfy today’s requirements for the provision of data of enhanced quality to support and increase operational safety levels.

In today’s environment, every airborne and ground-based system provides some level of situational awareness with regard to terrain and obstacles, for example visual identification of terrain and obstacles or their depiction on the chart, yet this is not sufficient! It is necessary to combine data received from various sensors and sources, present it in digital form (e.g. navigation, terrain, obstacles, airport maps, etc.), and display it as processed information in a standardised, user-friendly, intuitively-obvious manner.

The trend of the paperless cockpit and associated technological advancements in avionics will provide increased safety/performance levels through enhanced situational awareness and, with particular relevance to terrain or obstacle hazards, separation assurance and visualisation of approaches in challenging terrain environments.

The safety and efficiency of aerodrome operations can be seriously impacted by challenging terrain environments and the presence of obstacles close to the take-off or approach areas. The process of managing and assessing this data can be made more efficient through the utilisation of digital data and supporting software.

The emerging need for the development and provision of electronic terrain and obstacle datasets will provide support for the implementation of the ICAO Aviation System Block Upgrades and other systems, as appropriate.

ICAO Annex 15, “Aeronautical Information Services”, requires the States to provide the Terrain and Obstacle Databases (TODs) relating to their own territory and announce them in the national AIPs. These databases are sub-divided into four areas: - Area 1 - the entire territory of a State - Area 2 - the terminal control area - Area 3 - aerodromes/heliport area - Area 4 - CAT II or CAT III operation area

Description States need to assess the existing national regulations to determine if they are sufficient to allow the provision of digital terrain and obstacles data as required by ICAO Annex 15 and where appropriate to consider the allocation of responsibilities. This assessment should include the State policy for the safeguarding of aerodromes and obstacle permission processes in order to consider their effectiveness in relation to the terrain and obstacle data requirements.

In addition, States will need to create capabilities for the collection, exchange, management and distribution of the digital terrain and obstacle information in the form of digital datasets. This implies the establishment of efficient and reliable processes, (e.g. data acquisition, cross-border provision, data validation and verification, data maintenance, data storage, etc.) ensuring the provision of data which reflects the actual situation and meets the operational requirements in support of an enhanced overall situational awareness and separation assurance.

OPERATIONAL ACTORS Actor Role & tasks of the actor designator Surveyor Collects and processes the terrestrial position of terrain and/or obstacle data and provides data in the agreed digital format National May, if appointed by the State, provide the digital terrain and/or obstacle information in the agreed digital format civil/military geodetic agencies Obstacle owner Submits the planning application that will be assessed in accordance with national safeguarding requirements/regulations. Once assessed and approved, obstacle data for those applications deemed to be a hazard to aviation shall be submitted to the office appointed to maintain a national data repository Obstacle Conducts an assessment of the potential obstacle hazard in accordance with national safeguarding requirements/regulations assessment authority Obstacle Office designated by the State and responsible for maintaining an obstacle database in accordance with State regulation with repository regard to obstacles affecting the safety of air navigation Aerodrome Provides aerodrome-related terrain and obstacle data according to national regulation operator Aeronautical Announces the availability of the TOD in the national AIP and, if appointed by the State, collects TOD from designated parties information and is responsible for the provision of TOD services National Defines State policy/regulatory framework with regard to TOD regulatory authorities Beneficiaries - instrument flight procedure designer: use TOD in procedure design (users) - tower ground controller: use available TOD Area 3 in association with A-SMGCS - airport operator: use available TOD for obstacle management and control - aircraft operator: use available TOD for determination of contingency procedures for use in the event of an emergency during a missed approach or take-off, determination of decision height for radio altimeters for CATII/III operations, aircraft operating limitations analysis, determination of en-route “drift-down” procedure, flight simulator and synthetic vision systems - executive controller: use available TOD in association with MSAW and APM safety net tools

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- pilot: use available TOD in association with the onboard databases and EGPWS safety net tools, and to determine the en-route emergency landing location. Use synthetic vision systems in low-visibility conditions - airspace manager: use TOD in airspace design - application data integrators: collection and integration of TOD in specific application formats - system designers: use TOD in the design of safety nets systems IMPACT ON SYSTEMS Airborne - Ground Proximity Warning System: providing reference terrain and obstacle digital data to the onboard GPWS database systems - On-board databases: eTOD in onboard database will provide guidance for contingency procedures (emergency at take-off or missed approach), drift-down and en-route emergency landing - Synthetic vision: availability of terrain and obstacles in LVP - Displayed situational awareness with regard to terrain and obstacles at taxiing stage - Flight preparation: Aircraft operating limitation analysis, flight simulator, determination of DH for RADALT in ILS CAT II/III approaches through automatic process Ground - Airspace management: improved instrument flight procedure design in the TMA, based on digital TOD, determination of systems minimum safe altitudes - Air traffic services: availability of TOD in environment data systems for Minimum Safety Altitude Warning (MSAW), Approach Path Monitoring (APM) and display of terrain and obstacles on ATC display - Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control systems (A-SMGCS): availability of terrain and obstacles on and in the vicinity of ground operational areas - CNS: availability of digital terrain and obstacle information for CNS technical purposes - Aeronautical Information Services: provision of information through the digital datasets, electronic aerodrome terrain and obstacle chart - Airport operator: improved AD obstacle management and control - Instrument flight procedure design SUPPORTING MATERIAL (specifications, standards, guidelines, implementation plan,...) Published by Title of supporting material ICAO Annex 15 – Aeronautical Information Services Annex 14 – Aerodromes Volume I – Aerodrome Design and Operations Annex 11 – Air Traffic Services Annex 4 – Aeronautical Charts Doc 9674 - World Geodetic System -1984 (WGS-84) Manual Doc 9137 - Aerodrome Design Manual Part 6 Control of Obstacles European EU Regulation 73/2010 – Requirements on the quality of aeronautical data and aeronautical information for the Single European Commission Sky EASA NPA 2011-20-Draft Implementing Rules “Authority, Organisation and Operations Requirements for Aerodromes” Eurocontrol Terrain and Obstacle Data Manual (Edition 2.0, 11/2011) Specifications in support of ADQ IR implementation (eAIP, DAL, DQR, AIX, DO) Specification for Minimum Safe Altitude Warning Specification for Approach Path Monitoring EUROCAE ED 98() – User requirements for terrain and obstacle data ED119() - Interchange standards for terrain, obstacle, and aerodrome mapping data ISO ISO 19100 series: Geographic information

Section II a DEPLOYMENT CONDITIONS Stakeholders Regulators ANSPs, AISPs, aerodrome operators Scope ECAC Applicable ECAC ACCs Applicable ECAC – designated by States for Area 2 TMAs Applicable ECAC – designated by States for Areas 2 and 3 Airports Area 4 only for airports with CAT II/III Operations runways Timescale The ICAO applicability dates for eTOD are the following: Applicable date: November 2008 - Area 1 – Entire territory of the state - Area 4 – 120 m wide and 900 m long area at precision approach operations category II and III runways

Applicable date: November 2015 - Area 2 – TMA subdivided into four smaller areas, abcd Mandatory – Area 2a + penetrations of the take-off flight path area obstacle identification surfaces (OIS) + penetrations of the aerodrome obstacle limitation surfaces (OLS) Recommended – Area 2bcd

Area 3 is recommended for implementation only in conjunction with the AMDB

Within the context of this ESSIP, the target deployment date is: 30-06-2017

Section II b EXPECTED PERFORMANCE BENEFITS Safety The availability of quality-assured digital terrain and obstacle databases from the State's authoritative sources will significantly

improve situational awareness with respect to terrain or obstacle hazards, and separation assurance and the visualisation of approaches in challenging terrain environments, thereby contributing to increased safety levels and performance in airborne and ground-based systems (e.g. EGPWS, MSAW, APM, SVS, A-SMGCS and Instrument Procedure Design). Capacity Efficient and reliable obstacle data collection processes as well as the provision of seamless terrain data supporting the increasingly demanding operational requirements will enhance the overall situational awareness in respect of terrain or obstacle hazards and separation assurance, thereby contributing to or enabling well informed decisions, and facilitating better use of available capacity (e.g. improved flight procedure design). Cost- Digital obstacle and terrain data provides a means of allowing a number of advances in technology and the operating Effectivenes environment. Operating costs would decrease with the "paperless cockpit" trend, leading to a reduction in the manual transactions required for retyping the obstacle information from paper sources into databases, and plausible aircraft operating s limitation analysis based on a more accurate obstacle dataset. Environment No benefits or marginal benefits Security No benefits or marginal benefits

Section III PROPOSED STAKEHOLDER LINE of ACTION Stakeholder European ATM Master Plan Heading of SloA group Enabler REG01 Establish the national TOD policy/regulatory framework <…>

This would include, inter alia: - identifying what data will be made available for each of the four Areas, for which aerodromes, and the timescale for implementation. To include aerodromes identified in the EUR ANP/FASID; - identifying the roles and responsibilities within the State for the provision of TOD; - identifying the existence of a national safeguarding policy for obstacle development. In the absence of a policy, one should be established; - the application of national regulation for the notification of obstacle data above 100 m AGL; - designating responsibility for managing an obstacle data repository to record all obstacles affecting the safety of air navigation within a State; - identifying common survey formats to be used; - identifying survey requirements for each of the four Areas, including periodicity; - establishing agreements with neighbouring States to exchange and harmonise common data; - establishing policies for the verification and validation of TOD. REG02 Oversee the implementation of the national TOD policy/regulatory framework ASP01 Adjust the AIM System to ensure management and provision of TOD in accordance with the national TOD policy/regulatory framework.

This would, inter alia, include changes to: - data acquisition; - cross-border provision; - data validation and verification; - data maintenance; - data storage; - TOD data provision. ASP02 Ensure the collection and provision of TOD in accordance with national TOD policy/regulatory framework AOP01 Ensure the collection of TOD and its provision to the AISP in accordance with national TOD policy/regulatory framework

Section IV RELATED ESSIP OBJECTIVE(S) Designator Title ITY-ADQ Ensure the quality of aeronautical data and aeronautical information ATC02.6 Implement ground-based safety nets – Minimum Safe Altitude Warning – level 2 ATC02.7 Implement ground-based safety nets – Approach Path Monitor – level 2

Section V CONCLUSIONS OF THE DEPLOYMENT ANALYSIS Proposed SloAs (section III) into ESSIP Group Recap of the Group’s Positions on contents of sections I, II, III objective New Existing … < statements drafted by the group in respect of sections I, II and III following agreed working < Fill in Yes < Fill in N/A arrangements> or No > or Objective Designator >