Standard Operating Procedures s4

Standard Operating Procedures

Laboratory Specific Chemical: Dinitrophenol

Please fill out the form completely. Print a copy and insert into your Laboratory Safety Manual and Chemical Hygiene Plan. Refer to instructions for assistance.

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Department:______Date when SOP was written:______

Date when SOP was approved by the lab supervisor: ______

Principal Investigator:______

Internal Laboratory Safety Coordinator/Lab Manager:______

Laboratory Phone:______Office Phone:______

Emergency Contact:______(Name and Phone Number)

Location(s) covered by this SOP:______(Building/Room Number) ______

Type of SOP: Process Hazardous Chemical Hazardous Class

Purpose

Dinitrophenols are a class of manufactured chemicals that do not occur naturally in the environment. There are six different dinitrophenols. The most commercially important dinitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), is a yellow solid with no smell. It is used in making dyes, wood preservatives, explosives, insect control substances, and other chemicals, and as a photographic developer.

It was used in diet pills in the 1930s but was banned for this use in 1938. It may be sold under several trade names, including Caswell No. 392, Sulfo Black B, and Nitro Kleenup. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the Public Health Service, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

2,4 dinitrophenol is the most commonly used of the dinitrophenol (DNP) variations. Other variants include 2,3 DNP, 2,5 DNP, 2,6 DNP and 3,4 DNP. Their hazard characteristics share the common hazard of being reactive and toxic with some variations.

1 Physical & Chemical Properties/Definition of Chemical Group

CAS#: 2,3 DNP  66-56-8 2,4 DNP  51-28-5 2,5 DNP  329-71-5 2,6 DNP  573-56-8 3,4 DNP  577-71-9

Class: Flammable, highly reactive and Toxic

Molecular formula: C6H4N2O5

Boiling Point: 2,3 DNP  Not available 2,4 DNP  Not available 2,5 DNP  Not available 2,6 DNP  Not available 3,4 DNP  Not available

Melting Point: 2,3 DNP  141 - 145 °C 2,4 DNP  113°C 2,5 DNP  103 - 106 °C 2,6 DNP  113°C 3,4 DNP  130 - 135 °C

Decomposition Temperature: 2,3 DNP  Not available 2,4 DNP  Not available. 2,5 DNP  Not available 2,6 DNP  Not available 3,4 DNP  Not available

2 Lewis structures: 2,3 DNP

2,4 DNP

2,5 DNP

2,6 DNP

3 3,4 DNP

Potential Hazards/Toxicity

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW: Flammable. Toxic. Can be flammable depending on DNP variation.

Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). Severe over- exposure can result in death.

Potential Chronic Health Effects: MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male [SUSPECTED]. The substance may be toxic to the reproductive system, heart, cardiovascular system, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs.

Target Organs: Liver, central nervous system, eyes, kidney, blood and lungs

Potential Health Effects:

Eye: Causes eye irritation. A worker accidentally sprayed dinitrophenol into his eye. Chemical con junctivitis developed and it was treated with Blinex, Neosporin opthalmic ointment, and an eye patch. His vision was impaired for one month.

Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. 2,4-Dinitrophenol causes maculopapular dermatitis. Dermatitis may be due to either primary irritation or allergic sensitivity.

Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. The metabolic rate of the poisoned individual can increase markedly, and the body temperature is elevated. Dinitrophenol exerts its toxic effects by a general disturbance of cell metabolism resulting in a need to consume excessive amounts of oxygen in

4 order to synthesize the essential adenine nucleotide required for cell survival in the brain, hear t, and muscles.

Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Signs and symptoms of acute poisoning in humans include nausea, restlessness, flushed skin, sweating, rapid respiration, tachycardia, fever, cyanosis, and finally, collapse and coma. If the acute phase of poisoning is survived, the patient usually tolerates later complications, which may include renal insufficiency and toxic hepatitis.

Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. 2,4-Dinitrophenol signs and symptoms are fever/hyperthermia, skin discoloration, acidosis (metabolic, delayed), hypotension, cataract (subcapsular), hearing impairment (delayed).

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.

Skin: Viton gloves must be worn while handling dinitrophenol

Clothing: Wear long pants, closed toed shoes and a lab coat

Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.

First Aid Procedures

Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid.

Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. Dinitrophenol causes maculopapular dermatitis. Dermatitis may be due to either primary irritation or allergic sensitivity.

Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. The metabolic rate of the poisoned individual can increase markedly, and the body temperature is elevated. Dinitrophenol exerts its toxic effects by a general disturbance of cell metabolism resulting in a need to consume excessive amounts of oxygen in order to synthesize the essential adenine nucleotide required for cell survival in the brain, hear t, and muscles.

Inhalation: May be fatal if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation. May cause effects similar to those described for ingestion. Signs and symptoms of acute poisoning in humans include nausea, restlessness, flushed skin, sweating, rapid respiration, tachycardia, fever, cyanosis, and finally, collapse and coma. If the acute phase of poisoning is survived, the patient usually tolerates later complications, which may include renal insufficiency and toxic hepatitis.

5 Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.

Special Handling and Storage Requirements

Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not ingest or inhale. Store protected from light. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Storage: Store in a cool place in the original container and protect from sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Material can ignite if dry. Do not allow material to completely dry. Keep container closed to prevent drying out.

6 Spill and Accident Procedure

Chemical Spill Dial 911 and x59797

Spill – Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Reduce airborne dust and prevent scattering by moistening with water. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. If the material is dry, explosives experts may be necessary to dispose of the spill. Provide ventilation.

Small (<1 L) – If you have training, you may assist in the clean-up effort. Use appropriate personal protective equipment and clean-up material for chemical spilled. Double bag spill waste in clear plastic bags, label and take to the next chemical waste pick-up.

Large (>1 L) – Dial 911 (or 310-825-1491 from cell phone) and EH&S at x59797 for assistance.

Chemical Spill on Body or Clothes – Remove clothing and rinse body thoroughly in emergency shower for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. Notify supervisor and EH&S at x59797 immediately.

Chemical Splash Into Eyes – Immediately rinse eyeball and inner surface of eyelid with water for 15 minutes by forcibly holding the eye open. Seek medical attention. Notify supervisor and EH&S at x59797 immediately.

Medical Emergency Dial 911 or x52111

Life Threatening Emergency, After Hours, Weekends And Holidays – Dial 911 (or 310-825-1491 from cell phone) or contact the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center (emergency room) directly at x52111 (located at 757 Westwood Plaza, enter from Gayley Avenue). Note: All serious injuries must be reported to EH&S at x59797 within 8 hours.

Non-Life Threatening Emergency– Go to the Occupational Health Facility (OHF), x56771, CHS room 67-120 (This is on the 6th floor, 7th corridor, room 120. Enter through the School of Dentistry on Tiverton Drive and proceed to the “O” elevator to the 6th floor.)Hours: M - F, 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. At all other times report to Ronald Regan UCLA Medical Center (emergency room) at x52111. Note: All serious injuries must be reported to EH&S at x59797 within 8 hours. Needle stick/puncture exposure (as applicable to chemical handling procedure)– Wash the affected area with antiseptic soap and warm water for 15 minutes. For mucous membrane exposure, flush the affected area for 15 minutes using an eyewash station. Page the needle stick nurse by dialing 231 from a campus phone, enter 93333 when prompted and then enter your extension. Hours: M – F, 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. At all other times report to Ronald Regan UCLA Medical Center (emergency room) at x52111. Note: All needle stick/puncture exposures must be reported to EH&S at x59797 within 8 hours.

7 Decontamination/Waste Disposal Procedure

Waste disposal procedures Follow UCLA EHS waste protocol:

Labeling Requirements for Hazardous Waste Containers:

• A UCLA Hazardous Waste Tag must be placed on each hazardous waste container upon start of accumulation. • The On-Line Tag Program (OTP) can be used to print hazardous waste tags right from your printer. • One account on the On-Line Tag Program (OTP) can be used for the entire lab. See the On- Line Tag Program1 more information and to get your lab signed up.

Hazardous Waste Storage:

• Hazardous waste must be transferred to EH&S for disposal within 90 days of being generated. • Waste containers must be in secondary containment at all times to adequately contain the contents of the container/spilled materials. • Hazardous waste must always be appropriately labeled with a UCLA waste tag at all times. • Containers must be closed when not in use. • Storage of hazardous waste in fume hoods or under sinks is not recommended. • Hazardous waste that meets the quantity threshold of 55 gallons of hazardous waste or 1 quart of extremely hazardous waste1 must be transferred to EH&S for disposal within 3 days of reaching these set volumes. • Report damaged containers to EH&S. EH&S can provide assistance to transfer the contents to an appropriate container. • Mark storage areas according to the type of chemicals kept there (e.g. “Corrosive”, “Flammable”, etc.). • Containers should be inspected weekly for signs of leaks, corrosion, or deterioration.

Hazardous Waste Disposal:

• Don't dispose of chemicals down the drain! • Don't dispose of chemicals via trashcans. • Don't use hoods to intentionally evaporate chemicals. • Transport the hazardous waste to your designated pick-up location using a sturdy cart and secondary containment. • Consult the hazardous waste pick-up schedule1 for the building specific times and locations of disposal.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Location (State the location of MSDS) Hardcopy or electronic copy must be available. Online MSDS can be accessed at http://msds.ehs.ucla.edu.

Protocol/Procedure (Add specific description of procedure.)

8 Note: Any deviation from this SOP requires written approval from PI.

Documentation of Training (signature of all users is required)

I have read and understand the content of this SOP:

Name Signature Date