What S All the Commotion About Erosion?

Printable Resources What’s All the Commotion about Erosion?

Appendix A: Pre-Test/Post-Test Appendix B: Pre-Test/Post-Test Answer Key Appendix C: Engineering Design Process Appendix D: Guided Observation Sheet Appendix E: Erosion Research and Newspaper Assignment/Rubric Appendix F: Websites for Guided Research Appendix G: River Tray Model Teacher Instructions Appendix H: Lab Sheet - Demonstration Appendix I: Engineering Design Challenge Appendix J: Team Data Sheet Appendix K: Final Results Appendix L: Erosion Project Rubric

Pre-test/Post-Test Appendix A

www.daytonregionalstemcenter.org What’s All the Commotion about Erosion?

Name ______

1. Circle the tool you would use to measure length.

2. Which unit is used to measure length?

a. inches b. square feet c. cubic centimeters d. square kilometers

3. Measure the lengths of the lines below to the nearest half-centimeter.

______cm

4. Define erosion and give an example of it.

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5. Erosion can occur through the presence of: a. Water b. Wind c. Ice d. All of the above

6. Below is a diagram of a simulated river. If water enters at point A and flows downward toward point B, infer what will happen to the river stream and the land along the river. Use your pencil to sketch in any changes to the water flow. Explain your thought process for to the changes you recorded.

7. Using the word bank, identify each word in its appropriate position of the Engineering Design Process diagram below.

Pre-test/Post-Test Answer Key Appendix B

Name ______

1. Circle the tool you would use to measure length.

2. Which unit is used to measure length?

a. inches b. square feet c. cubic centimeters d. square kilometers

3. Measure the lengths of the lines below to the nearest half-centimeter.

______8.5_____ cm

______4_____ cm

______6______cm

4. Define erosion and give an example of it.

Erosion is the process that transports rock, soil, or sediment to a different location.

Examples will vary but could include water moving soil or sand or wind and sand eroding rock.

5. Erosion can occur through the presence of: a. Water b. Wind c. Ice d. All of the above

6. Below is a diagram of a simulated river. If water enters at point A and flows downward toward point B, infer what will happen to the river stream and the land along the river. Use your pencil to sketch in any changes to the water flow. Explain your thought process for to the changes you recorded.

7. Using the word bank, identify each word in its appropriate position of the Engineering Design Process diagram below.

10. Question 11. Think 12. Design 13. Test 14. Solution

Engineering Design Process Appendix C

Name ______

Guided Observation Form Appendix D

Name ______

OBSERVATIONS: What do the various land/water boundaries look like? How would you describe these boundaries?

INFERENCES: What do you think is happening to the land as the water moves past it?

QUESTIONS: What questions come to mind as you view these photographs? What are you curious about?

Erosion Research and Newspaper Assignment/Rubric Appendix E

Name ______

Use the internet to research and answer the following questions. Write your answers in your science notebook. You will use this information to create a newspaper about soil/riverbank erosion.

Answer the following questions in your science notebook:

What is the definition of soil/riverbank erosion?

What are the natural causes of soil/riverbank erosion?

What are the human causes of soil/riverbank erosion?

Why is erosion an important natural process?

What are at least two negative effects of riverbank erosion on the Great Miami River?

Newspaper Project:

Your job is to create a newspaper about erosion. In this newspaper you and your partner write two articles that answer the questions you researched. Use the checklist below to guide your work. You can create your final newspaper on the large paper available or using a computer publishing program.

 Our newspaper has the required two articles.  Our articles contain all the researched information.  Our newspaper has two other erosion related sections (classified ad, word search, crossword, advertisement, or advice column).  Our newspaper includes two colored pictures (drawn or printed).  We proofread our newspaper for mistakes.  Our newspaper is neat and easy to read.

Erosion Research and Newspaper Assignment/Rubric Appendix E (Continued)

Name ______

 All 6 questions are answered  Information is clearly communicated “newspaper style” 4  Writing is legible with adherence to conventions  All required sections to the newspaper are present  The newspaper has a title

 At least 4-5 topics are covered 3  Information is clearly stated in “newspaper style”  Only 3 required sections of the newspaper are present

 2-3 topics are covered 2  Information is clearly stated in “newspaper style”  Only 2 required sections of the newspaper are present

 Only 1 topics is covered 1  Information is stated in “newspaper style”  Only 1 required section of the newspaper is present

 Homework not present 0  Not achieving “1” standard

Websites for Guided Research Appendix F

What is the definition of soil/riverbank erosion? http://library.thinkquest.org/20035/river.htm

What are the natural causes of soil/riverbank erosion? http://www.tweed.nsw.gov.au/Education/rm_4_bankerosion.htm

What are the human causes of soil/riverbank erosion? http://www.tweed.nsw.gov.au/Education/rm_4_bankerosion.htm

Why is erosion an important natural process? http://www.ehow.com/info_8525136_erosion-important-natural-process.html

What are at least two negative effects of riverbank erosion on the Great Miami River? http://www.ehow.com/info_8776614_erosion-bad.html

Where is the Great Miami River located? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Miami_River

Other relevant websites: http://www.geocaching.com/seek/cache_details.aspx?guid=7916e319-2a02-422c-adaa- af77c3270664 http://www.journal-news.com/news/news/local/limestone-installed-by-bike-trail-to- control-ero-1/nNRnJ/

River Tray Model Teacher Instructions Appendix G

Teacher Instructions for River Tray Model – Design One Per Team Materials for one (1) river model tray:  2 kg aquarium gravel

 2.5 kg fine sand

 Aluminum 8”x10” pan/tray

 2 liter bottle

 Bucket or small aluminum tray

 Small ball of clay

 Medicine cups

 1 cup of water

River Tray Model Teacher Instructions Appendix G (Continued)

Teacher directions for one (1) river model tray:

1. Empty aquarium gravel into tray

2. Pour 1 cup water over gravel

3. Pour fine sand on top of gravel

4. Mix the contents, spread evenly in the aluminum tray

5. Using a finger or craft stick, push one (1) inch into the mixture and copy path of mock river (as seen on Appendix G).

6. Cut a 2 cm hole where the mock river ends at the bottom end of the tray

7. Place water collection container (bucket or tray) directly below hole – use chair to prop if necessary

8. Place two (2) ramping devices (medicine cups) under top left and right back end corners of tray to allow water flow

9. Fill 2 liter bottle with water for erosion activities

10. Place two (2) ramping devices (medicine cups) under top left and right back end corners of tray to allow water flow.

11. Fill 2 liter bottle with water for erosion activities.

Lab Sheet - Demonstration Appendix H

Name ______

Directions: Your teacher will be demonstrating the stream table you will be using for your Engineering Design Challenge. When the demonstration is complete you need to fill in the new measurements after erosion took place. You will follow this same process for your Engineering Design Challenge.

Engineering Design Challenge Appendix I

Name ______

Your job is to identify materials that will help prevent riverbank erosion along the model river. You will use your stream table and the materials provided to design a method to reduce erosion. It is important that you test ONE material at a time to see the effect of that material. After you test each material you will come up with one final design using the materials you tested.

Step 1: Create your stream table. You will want to create your table just like the model you saw yesterday in your teacher’s demonstration.

Step 2: Record your original measurements in the data table. Measure to the nearest half-centimeter.

Step 3: Steadily pour the contents of your 2 Liter bottle of water at the top of the pan so that the stream of water follows the river. Keep the bottle at the same 45 degree angle and make sure the water flow is consistent.

Step 4: When the water has all been poured you will need to take measurements of your stream table at all the measurement points. Record these measurements in the data table. Measure to the nearest half-centimeter.

Step 5: Reset your stream table to its starting measurements.

Step 6: Choose the item you will test first. Write the item under Trial 1 in the data table. Prepare your stream table with the material you are using to prevent erosion.

Step 7: Before you pour in the water take a picture of your stream table and describe how you think the item will prevent erosion in your science notebook.

Step 8: Run the water through your stream table the same way you did the first time and record the measurements in the Trial 1 column in your data table.

Step 9: Record the results of your trial in your science notebook. Do you feel this material effectively reduced erosion? Why or why not? Would you use this material again? Take a picture of your model AFTER the water flowed through.

Step 10: REPEAT! You will repeat this process with two more materials. Build the steam table each time with a new material, repeat the water flow process, and record the data.

Team Data Sheet Appendix J

Team Members ______

Original River Original River Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 before water after water flow flow. ______

Depth at point A1 cm

Width at point A2 cm

Depth at point B1 cm

Width at point B2 cm

Depth at point C1 cm

Width at point C2 cm

Final Results Appendix K

Final Design before water flow Final Design after water flow

Depth at point A1 cm

Depth at point B1 cm

Depth at point C1 cm

List the materials used in your final design and the purpose for each material.

* Take a picture of your final design!!!

Erosion Project Rubric Appendix L

Name ______

4 3 2 1

Explanation by the Explanation by the Explanation by the Explanation by the Scientific student in science student in the science student in the science student in science Knowledge on notebook indicates a notebook indicates a notebook indicates notebook does not Erosion clear and accurate relatively accurate relatively accurate illustrate much understanding of understanding of understanding of understanding of scientific principles scientific principles scientific principles scientific principles underlying the underlying the underlying the underlying the construction and construction and construction and construction and modifications for the modifications for the modifications for the modifications for the erosion project. erosion project. erosion project. erosion project. .

Clear evidence of Clear evidence of Some evidence of Little evidence of Testing troubleshooting, troubleshooting, troubleshooting, troubleshooting, testing and all data testing and all data testing and all data is testing and data is collected with accurate collected but some are collected but units are listed with no units or unit and described in marked with incorrect either labeled in incorrect units. science notebook. units. correctly or missing

Modification River channel design River channel design River channel design River channel design is modified with is modified with is modified with is modified with assigned material. assigned material. assigned material assigned material Clear evidence of Clear evidence of Some evidence of Little evidence of troubleshooting, troubleshooting, troubleshooting, troubleshooting, testing and all data testing and all data testing and all data is testing and data is collected with accurate collected but some are collected but units are listed with no units or unit. marked with incorrect either labeled in incorrect units. units. correctly or missing Data Collection All data is collected 90% of data has been 80% of data has been 70% or less of the and recorded collected and recorded collected and recorded data has been accurately with correct accurately. All pictures accurately. One to collected and recorded units. Pictures have are included for each three pictures are accurately. More than been taken before and design. missing. three pictures are after for each design. missing.

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