Round 8 PACE Late Qualifying Tournament 2007 Packet by Leo Wolpert and Emil Thomas Chuck

Related Tossup/Bonus Phase

Tossup 1. It was ruled “necessary to the existence of the National Government” in 1876’s Kohl v. US, and its use was later expanded in Berman v. Parker. Its use was ruled constitutional to prevent a one-family oligopoly from forming in Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkif, and more recently the Supreme Court upheld its use in transferring real estate from one private owner to another as part of an “economic redevelopment plan” in Kelo v. City of New London. For 10 points, name this practice which the Fifth Amendment stipulates must involve “just compensation,” the government seizure of private property for public use. ANSWER: eminent domain

BONUS. Name some things that are outlawed by the US Constitution, for 10 points each. [10] Outlawed in Article I, section 9 of the Constitution, these are laws that target individuals or groups, declaring them guilty of a crime without trial. ANSWER: bill of attainder [accept “writ” or “act” in place of “bill] [10] Article I, section 9 also prevents suspension of this privilege except in “cases of rebellion or invasion.” It allows prisoners a day in court to challenge their possibly illegal imprisonment. ANSWER: writ of habeas corpus

Tossup 2. The princess Marpess chose the mortal Idas over him, and he sired Linos with Krotopos’s daughter, Psamathe. He exchanged his cattle for the first lyre, gave Hermes a caduceus for the syrinx, and he was involved in musical contests with his son Cinyras as well as the satyrs Marsyas and the god Pan. The slayer of the python and brother of Artemis is, for 10 points, what deity, a son of Leto and Zeus and lover of the nymph Daphne who is the Greek god of music, healing, and archery, who had an oracle at Delphi? ANSWER: Apollo

BONUS. Apollo isn’t the only mythological deity to kill a dragon. For 10 points each: [10] This Sumerian god, the son of Ea and focus of the Enuma Elish, slew a primordial dragon, creating the heavens and earth from her corpse. ANSWER: Marduk [or Bel] [10] This was the dragon killed by Marduk. ANSWER: Tiamat

Tossup 3. During this event, looters such as “Captain O’Connor” were given “kicks and strokes,” according to an eyewitness account by George Hewes. It began when the Beaver, Eleanor, and Dartmouth were boarded at Griffin’s Wharf in reaction to the seizure of John Hancock’s ship, the Townshend Acts, the Stamp Act, and a new tax on a certain potable. For 10 points, name this event of December 16, 1773, in which colonists led by Sam Adams dressed as Mohawk Indians destroyed a certain commodity in a New England harbor. ANSWER: the Boston Tea Party

BONUS. Name some things related to the history of taxation in the United States, for 10 points each. [10] This 1894 act of Congress imposed an income tax to make up for reduction in tariffs. The Supreme Court later declared the income tax unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmer’s Loan and Trust. ANSWER: Revenue Act [or Wilson-Gorman Tariff] of 1894 [10] This amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1913, allowing Congress to impose an income tax without apportionment. ANSWER: 16th amendment Tossup 4. It is the title of a Wole Soyinka poem in which the speaker mentions “quest cycles,” and in William Saroyan’s The Human Comedy, it is the first name of Homer Macauley’s little brother. It is the title of a poem whose title character wants to “sail beyond the sunset” and ends “to strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield,” by Alfred Lord Tennyson. For 10 points, give the title of a novel featuring Buck Mulligan, Molly Bloom and Stephen Dedalus, a work of James Joyce whose name is a Latinized form of Odysseus. ANSWER: Ulysses

BONUS. Answer the following about the intersection of English poetry and art, for 10 points each. [10] This poet’s “Musee de Beaux Arts” was inspired by the Breughel painting “Landscape with the Fall of Icarus.” He also wrote “The Dance of Death” and “The Age of Anxiety.” ANSWER: Wystan Hugh Auden [10] The speaker commends the “Attic shape” of the titular piece of art in this Keats poem, before stating that “beauty is truth, truth beauty.” ANSWER: “Ode on a Grecian Urn”

Tossup 5. Working for Pfizer in the early 1920’s, James Currie developed a technique for mass production of this flavor-enhancing chemical through fermentation using bread mold. Isolated in 1784 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, it is the product of a condensation reaction involving oxaloacetate and acetyl-coenzyme A as described by Nobel laureate Hans Adolf Krebs. For 10 points, name this organic compound that can comprise up to 8% of the weight of fruits like limes and lemons. ANSWER: Citric Acid or Hydrogen Citrate or 2,3-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid

BONUS: Name the appropriate hormone. [10] This hormone that is secreted from the adrenal medulla and is involved in the “fight or flight response” can be injected to treat anaphylactic shock. ANSWER: Epinephrine or Adrenaline (also accept Norepinephrine or Noradrenaline) [10] A derivative of tryptophan, this hormone secreted by the pineal gland plays an important role in the regulation of sleep cycles. ANSWER: Melatonin

Tossup 6. He wrote a children’s book, Out of the Ballpark, about a second baseman who starts playing poorly due to overwhelming pressure. Traded to his current team for Joaquin Arias and Alfonso Soriano, he had previously won the MVP for a 47 home run, 118 RBI season in 2003 with the Texas Rangers, and was a four-time all-star for his first team, the Seattle Mariners. For 10 points, name this former shortstop and current third baseman, who started the 2007 season by leading the majors in home runs for the New York Yankees. ANSWER: Alex Rodriguez [accept A-Rod]

BONUS. Name some automata from the universe of television, for 10 points each. [10] This booze-guzzling, kleptomaniac robot works for Planet Express alongside Leela and Fry on Futurama. ANSWER: Bender Bending Rodriguez [10] This robotic maid voiced by Jean Vander Pyl cleaned the Jetson family domicile while simultaneously dispensing snappy comebacks by 1960s standards. ANSWER: Rosie

Tossup 7. Built around 1230, the Lower Hall is the oldest part of this building still in existence. Built ten years after the reign of Philippe Auguste in 1190, Raymond du Temple under the direction of Charles the Fifth transformed the fortress into a royal residence, with final renovations occurring during the reigns of Louis the 13th and 14th. For 10 points, name this structure which opened a glass pyramid in the center of the Napoleon Courtyard as the focal point of a famous Parisian museum. ANSWER: the Louvre BONUS. Answer these questions on a famous architect for 10 points each. [10] A proponent of the idea that “Less is more,” this German-born architect influenced architecture as the director of the Bauhaus to develop what is called the “International Style.” ANSWER: Maria Ludwig Mies van der Rohe [10] Built between 1956 and 1958 was this skyscraper office building on Park Avenue in New York City with glass, bronze, and marble exteriors. ANSWER: Seagram Building

Tossup 8. This monarch put down the Second Desmond Rebellion, and Baron Mountjoy won the battle of Kinsale against the Irish days after this monarch’s death. Imprisoned after Wyatt’s Rebellion, this monarch was freed and placed in line for succession against the wishes of half-brother Edward VI. Other events during this monarch’s reign included the execution of her cousin, Mary Queen of Scots, and the writing of Shakespeare’s plays. For 10 points, name this Tudor monarch, the daughter of Anne Boelyn and Henry VIII known as the “Virgin Queen.” ANSWER: Elizabeth I of England

BONUS. It included the enforcement of the May Laws and the banning of the Jesuits. For 10 points each: [10] Name this period of anti-catholic policies in the German Empire during the 1870s, promulgated by Otto von Bismarck. ANSWER: kulturkampf [prompt on “culture struggle”] [10] Kulturkampf basically ended after this pope died in 1878 and was replaced by Leo XIII. ANSWER: Pius IX Category Quiz Phase: Tossups

Tossup 9. It is much easier to calculate this physical property if one can apply the parallel axis theorem and the perpendicular axis theorem. For a thin circular ring that is rotated about a symmetric axis perpendicular to the plane of the ring, it is equal to the ring’s mass times the square of its radius. For 10 points, name this property that is analogous to mass when considering rotational motion. ANSWER: rotational moment of inertia

Tossup 10. In one of his novels, the Amerians James Blair and Samuele are introduced into a titular sect of Roman society known as The Cabala, though a better-known novel of his concerns Uncle Pio and Brother Juniper. Though he wrote one-act plays like Love and How to Cure It, The Long Christmas Dinner, and Pullman Car Hiawatha, he is better known for a play in which the Antrobus family survives catastrophies and a play in which George Gibbs and Emily Webb fall in love in Grover’s Corners. For 10 points, name this American author of The Bridge of San Luis Rey, The Skin of Our Teeth, and Our Town. ANSWER: Thornton Wilder

Tossup 11. Though this symphonic piece begins with a phrase played by the clarinet followed by a harp, the “action” of the piece occurs after a timpani flourish and the bassoon reintroducing the clarinet phrase in staccato form. This story behind this piece was inspired by a writing from the Greek satirist Loukianos which inspired Goethe to write a ballad 100 years after the musical work’s premiere in 1897. For 10 points, name this short piece, the most famous by Paul Abraham Dukas thanks to the recorded performance conducted by Leopold Stokowski in the Disney film Fantasia. ANSWER: The Sorcerer’s Apprentice by Paul Abraham Dukas

Tossup 12. One scandal involving him centered on the Swiss construction company Mabetex, and in the early 1990s he allegedly used the offshore company FIMACO to funnel IMF loans out of his country’s treasury. His second term saw impeachment attempts for his unconstitutional signing of the Belavezha accords and the firing of his prime minister, Sergei Stepashin, whom this man replaced with his eventual successor, Vladimir Putin. For 10 points, name this man who died on April 23, 2007, the first president of Russia after the fall of the USSR. ANSWER: Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin

Tossup 13. The Swahili narrative poem Utendi wa Tambuka recalls this man’s triumph at the battle of Tabouk, and, as a military leader, he won the battles of Khaybar, Badr and Uhud before signing the Treaty of Hudaybiya. His lesser-known wives included Ramlah, Zaynab, and Sawda, though with his first wife, Khadijah, he fathered Fatima, who fathered Husayn and Hasan. For 10 points, name this man whose flight to Medina from Mecca is known as the Hijra, the receiver of the Koran and most important prophet of Islam. ANSWER: Mohammed [or Muhammad or similar, prompt on Nabi or Rasul]

Tossup 14. It begins with a quatrain that partially translates to “where grim death stalked, life and health are revealed.” At one point, the protagonist slips on the torn hem of his robe and avoids one of the title entities, which smells of “decayed fungus.” By rubbing spiced meat on his cloth bindings, the narrator attracts rats to chew through them, allowing him to escape a “hellish machine,” and allowing General Lasalle to save him by breaking into the Toledo prison of the Spanish Inquisiton. For 10 points, name this Edgar Allen Poe work in which the two titular torture devices almost doom the narrator. ANSWER: “The Pit and the Pendulum” Category Quiz: Bonus

Arts: Upon viewing this painting, Theo supposedly wrote to his brother Vincent Van Gogh that he could “hear the clogs of the sittings clacking together. In trying to create this first masterpiece out of school, Van Gogh’s final picture depicted five individuals huddled around a table dimly lit by a hanging oil lamp. For 15 points, name this painting depicting five brutish-looking peasants gloomily consuming many (titular) tubers. ANSWER: The Potato Eaters

Current Events: He recently introduced the Internet Gambling Regulation and Enforcement Act of 2007, which aims to repeal US restrictions on online gambling. For 15 points, name this Chairman of the Financial Services committee, an openly gay Democratic representative from the 4th district of Massachusetts. ANSWER: Barnett “Barney” Frank

Geography: Its western half contains the Javelina Wash and the Blue Creek, which are found near the Burro mesa. The Chisos Mountains also run through it, and it sits across from the Santa Elena Canyon and the Sierra Ponce, which are located in Mexico. For 15 points, name this U.S. national park located in Texas and named for a feature of the Rio Grande. ANSWER: Big Bend National Park

History: In the late sixties, he moved to Harlem where he considered running for Congress against Adam Clayton Powell, but instead got a law degree from Columbia. John F. Kennedy sent federal marshals and troops to the University of Mississippi in 1962 in order to ensure that, for 15 points, which man, the first African-American student at said university, could enroll? ANSWER: James Meredith

Literature: The title character tells of Count C’s anonyance with the “peevish and morose” ambassador, and eventually he regrets Wilhelm’s help in securing him a post away from his home town of Walheim. Eventually, a rival supplies the title character with a pistol, which he uses to shoot himself after he finds that said rival, Albert, has married his love. For 15 points, name this work about a man’s love for Charlotte, a work by Goethe. ANSWER: The Sorrows of Young Werther [or Die Leiden des jungen Werthers]

Math Calculation: Leo plays a game in which he rolls two fair dice with sides numbered 1 through 6. Leo wins the game if the dice show the same number, or if the sum of the numbers rolled is 9 or more. For 15 points, what is the probability that Leo wins the game? You have 15 seconds. ANSWER: 7/18 [or 14/36] (36 combinations of two dice, 10 add up to 9+, 4 are pairs)

Popular Culture: In this song’s third verse, the narrator responds that he paid a “quap” for his “drop,” before hitting a switch “that take away the top.” Its artist achieves the titular condition because he’s “fly,” then states “you ain’t cause you not.” For 15 points, name this oft-played rap anthem by Mims. ANSWER: “This Is Why I’m Hot”

Science: The eight fossil specimens for this late-Jurassic-Period animal were discovered in the Solnhofen Limestone formation in Bavaria beginning in 1861. Weighing around 325 grams, this controversial animal was hypothesized by Thomas Huxley to be a transitional organism which reptilian features. For 15 points, name this presumed ancestor to the family of birds which retained dinosaur characteristics. ANSWER: Archaeopteryx Stretch Phase

Tossup 15. Later works of his include Siberian Tiger and Skulls, and he famously claimed “I want to be a machine.” Prior to Stanley Kubrick, he adapted Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange in the film Vinyl, while other films of his include My Hustler and Lonesome Cowboys. Paintings such as “Purple Jumping Man” and “Red Car Crash” comprise part of his “Death and Disaster” series, though he is better known for paintings of money, Mickey Mouse, and Marilyn Monroe. For 10 points, name this American artist, the painter of Campbell’s Soup Can. ANSWER: Andy Warhol

BONUS. They saw their greatest expansion during the reign of Pachacuti, who expanded it into an empire of four states that covered much of the Andes. For 10 points each: [10] Name this pre-Columbian empire of South America. ANSWER: Incan Empire [or the Incas] [10] This conquistador captured the last Incan king, Atahualpa, after the battle of Cajamarca. ANSWER: Francisco Pizarro [10] The corners of the four Incan states met at this city, the historic capital of the Incas. ANSWER: Cuzco [or Qosqo or Qusqu]

Tossup 16. In one work he rejected social Darwinism, using the example of a blind man who can hear better than a sighted one. Early works include Schopenhaur as Educator, On the Use and Abuse of History for Life and the aforementioned Human, All too Human. He formulated ideas such as the “eternal recurrence” in which one might live his life exact over again, and rejected Christian morality in works like The Anti-Christ, Twilight of the Idols, and Thus Spake Zarathustra. For 10 points, name this German philosopher who, in The Gay Science, famously proclaimed “God is dead.” ANSWER: Friedrich Nietzsche

BONUS: Answer these questions on statistics and probabilities For 10 points each. [10] This is the equivalent term for the number that belongs in a set of discrete data that falls right at the second quartile (or 50th percentile) of values. ANSWER: Median [10] Named for an English Presbyterian minister, this eponymous theorem describes the adjustment one makes in predicting a new conditional probability given a posteriori information. ANSWER: Bayes’ Theorem [10] The most common usage of linear regression uses this mathematical procedure in which the best-fit line minimizes the vertical offsets of the data from that line. ANSWER: Least Squares Fitting

Tossup 17. A character nearly quotes the William Blake poem “America – a Prophecy” in this film, whose director allegedly carried a picture of Edward Hopper’s “Nighthawks” as an example of its desired ambience. A question about whether one would help an upturned turtle is an example of the Voight-Kampff test administered in this film, which features Joanna Cassidy and Daryl Hannah as Zhora and Pris in the Los Angeles of 2019. For 10 points, name this 1982 Ridley Scott movie based on the Philip K. Dick work Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? in which Harrison Ford’s character, Deckard, must hunt down Rutger Hauer and three other criminal replicants. ANSWER: Blade Runner BONUS. Name some women of Russian literature, for 10 points each. [10] This title character of a Tolstoy novel has an affair with Count Vronsky, and eventually throws herself in front of a train. ANSWER: Anna Karenina [10] This woman, one of the title characters in Chekhov’s Three Sisters, is married to Fyodor Kuligin, but falls in love with Alexandr Vershinin. ANSWER: Masha Prozorov [10] This woman becomes the love of Yuri Zhivago’s life in a Boris Pasternak novel, after she nurses the doctor back to health after he’s wounded in battle. ANSWER: Larisa Fedorovna Guishar Antipov [or Lara]

Tossup 18. Landmarks in it include a rip-off of Paris’s Arc de Triomphe at Triumph Return Square and Rungra Island, which contains the 150,000 seat May Day stadium. Located on the the Taedong river, one of its historic names means “capital full of willows,” Ryukyong. For 10 points, name this city which features the Juche Tower, a monument to communism erected opposite Kim Il Sung Square, the capital of North Korea. ANSWER: Pyongyang

BONUS. Identify the order of insect from descriptions for 10 points each. [10] Ants, bees, and wasps are examples of the 125,000 species of this order whose females usually have a stinging organ. ANSWER: Hymenoptera [10] The 120,000 species in this order feed on nectar by uncoiling a long probiscus. With two pairs of wings covered with tiny scales, the order’s best known examples are moths and butterflies. ANSWER: Lepidoptera [10] The members of this order have dorsoventrallly flattened bodies with legs that rapidly propel the insect. While most live in tropical habitats, 40 species live in houses and are commonly called cockroaches. ANSWER: Blattodea

Tossup 19. Pettijohn, Shrock, and Krynine established the modern classification system of this diverse class. One major group -- terrigenous siliciclastic – is texturally distinct and can be further subdivided into conglomerate and breccia groups. The carbonate group includes dolomites and limestones. For 10 points, what is the general name for rocks that were formed from the deposition of weathered fragments from other preexisting rocks? ANSWER: Sedimentary

BONUS. The Old Testament and delicious food go together nicely. For 10 points each: [10] At one point in his eponymous book, this prophet eats a scroll and it tastes like honey. He also sees some wheels turning in the air. ANSWER: Ezekiel [10] Instead of preaching to the town of Nineveh, this man tries to skip town on a boat and becomes a tasty snack for a large fish. He prays inside the fish’s stomach, and gets puked up. ANSWER: Jonah [10] This man drinks a bunch of wine supplied to him by his daughters, at which point he fathers their children, Moab and Ammon. His wife also got turned into a pillar of delicious salt. ANSWER: Lot

Tossup 20. He put in place the “intifah” or “open door” policy which encouraged foreign investment in his country’s private sector, and he had edited the newpaper al-Gumhuriya during a previous regime. He was assassinated by Khalid Islambouli during a 1981 military parade, though he began his administration in 1970 after his country’s failure in the Six Day war and the death of his predecessor, Gamel Nasser. For 10 points, name this man who signed the Camp David Accords with Israel’s Menachim Begin, the third president of Egypt. ANSWER: Anwar al-Sadat BONUS. He has a scar that begins under his hair and allegedly goes down his entire body. For 10 points each: [10] Name this sea captain who dies with his servant Fedallah after failing to heed the warnings of his first mate, Starbuck. ANSWER: Captain Ahab [10] This Herman Melville novel features Captain Ahab’s quest to kill the titular white whale. ANSWER: Moby Dick: Or, The Whale [10] This cannibal worships the idol Yojo while serving as the Pequod’s harpooner in Moby Dick. ANSWER: Queequeg

Tossup 21. Microscopic hairs at the feet of various insects and spiders collectively allow the organism to be able to stick to walls and ceilings due to the combined strength of this force. Present in graphite, these forces allow the sheets of carbon to remain together as opposed to sliding apart. For 10 points, identify this eponymous bond that weakly forms as a result of the attraction between transient dipoles between two atoms. ANSWER: van der Waals force

BONUS. With his brothers Vili and Ve, he slew the frost giant Ymir. For 10 points each: [10] Name this one-eyed Norse god, the first Aesir. ANSWER: Odin [10] Odin formed this realm of Norse mythology from Ymir’s corpse, which, unlike Asgard, is inhabited by people. ANSWER: Midgard [10] Odin possesses this spear, which was crafted by the dwarf Dvalin. It never misses its target. ANSWER: Gungnir

Tossup 22. The theme of parricide permeates this author’s early works such as the short stories “Violante, or Worldly Vanities” and “A Young Girl’s Confession.” During relationships with people such as Madame de Villepariss and Madame Verdurin, his best-known protagonist famously recalls a good-night kiss given to him by his mother. That protagonist appears in novels such as The Sweet Cheat Gone, Within a Budding Grove, Swann’s Way, and Time Regained. For 10 points, name this French author of Jean Santeuil and Remembrance of Things Past. ANSWER: Marcel Proust

BONUS. Answer these questions on sculptures in architecture, for 10 points each. [10] Examples of this tapered monolith include the Cleopatra’s Needles in London and New York City and the Washington Monument in DC. ANSWER: Obelisk [10] This term is usually applied to sculpted waterspouts on buildings. The Gothic period usually has odd beasts looking down to the people below. ANSWER: Gargoyle [10] Six of these female figures comprise the support columns of the Erechtheum of the Acropolis. ANSWER: Caryatid