2. Smoke, Dust, Pollen Or Salt Can Be Condensation Nuclei. (3 Pts)

Science 10 Name:______Chapter 15 Review Assignment

1. A condensation nucleus is a very small particle that allows water vapour to condense into a droplet of liquid. (2 pts) 2. Smoke, dust, pollen or salt can be condensation nuclei. (3 pts) 3. Matching (7 pts) A B _e__ 1. tall cloud with intense rain (a) cirrocumulus _ c_ 2. low, featureless cloud (b) cirrus _ g__ 3. low, small, puffy cloud with a flat base (c) stratus _ b_ 4. high cloud that looks like a streak (d) altocumulus across the sky _ f_ 5. low, cloud layer with rain (e) cumulonimbus _ a__ 6. high, puffy cloud (f) nimbostratus _d_ 7. medium height, fluffy cloud (g) cumulus

4. Sleet forms when rain falls through a layer of cold air and forms ice pellets. Hail forms when frozen rain drops in a cloud get caught in a convection current and move upward, where more droplets coalesce and freeze onto the hail stone. Eventually the stone gets heavy enough to fall. (2 pts) 5. Freezing rain occurs when the surface temperatures (ground level) are below freezing, but the air above is warm. Raindrops fall as liquid droplets that freeze on contact with the surface. (2 pts) 6. Sketch and label a diagram of a cold front. (2 pts)

7. Sketch and label a diagram of a warm front. (2 pts) 8. Sketch and label a diagram of an occluded front. (2 pts) 9. Hig h pressure regions are large areas of cool, descending air. Winds circle clockwise and outward from a high. Low pressure regions are smaller areas of warm, rising air with winds circling counterclockwise and inward. (4 pts) 10. One morning, you wake up and the sky is clear. By noon, clouds that started like contrails are making streaks across the sky. By dinnertime, the clouds have thickened into a lower, grey, featureless blanket over the sky. (a) A warm front is slowly moving in. (1 pt) (b) You should expect a long period of rain, but not intense. (1 pt) 11. From the most energy to the least: hurricane, tornado, thunderstorm(1 pt) 12. A thunderstorm can be produced by dramatic heating of the surface creating a small low pressure system or by a cold front moving in. (2 pts) 13. A lightning bolt forms when strong winds in clouds cause particles (ice, snow and water droplets) to collide and release electrons. Negatively charged particles accumulate in the bottom of the cloud, while positive particles go to the top. The negative charge at the bottom of the cloud “push” away electrons at the ground level, until a difference (potential) becomes strong enough that the electrons create a lightning bolt. (2 pts) 14. The three conditions required to generate a hurricane are: (3 pts) a. conditions needed for a thunderstorm to develop (warm, moist rising air with little wind shear) This occurs near the equator where the trade winds always blow as easterlies. b. Water warmed to at least 26ºC and to a depth of 60m. This requires intense solar heating , so it is limited to areas near the equator. c. Coriolis effect allows a system of thunderstorms to all begin to rotate in the same direction and create a single large storm (This cannot occur directly over the equator, where the Coriolis effect is weak) 15. Typo! 115 mph = about 190 km/h – this would be a hurricane. If you assume the question meant 115km/h, it is a tropical storm(1 pt) 16. A hurricane can cause damage when it hits a coastal city by high winds, storm surge, (sea level rise) or heavy rains that cause flooding. (3 pts) 17. A tornado forms when there is a thunderstorm with a strong updraft that begins to spin due to wind shear. (2 pts) 18. Another typo! A tornado with 200 mph (about 485km/h) is an F5. If you assume the question meant the winds are 200 km/h, it would be an F2. (1 pt)