1. Divine right theory- the doctrine that states the right of rules in a monarch is developed directly from god and is only accountable to God because God created the state. 2. Balance of power- in international relations nations seek to maintain an approximate equilibrium of power among many rivals, preventing the preponderance of any one state. 3. Absolute- (power?) refers to concepts of tyranny, corruption, and monarchy. 4. Isaac Newton- English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian who is famous for his three laws of motion. 5. Mughal Empire-Muslim imperial power that ruled the Indian Subcontinent from the 18th to mid 19th centuries. Built the Taj Mahal and other great monuments 6. Mestizos- people of mixed European and Amerinian ancestry in Latin America 7. Creoles- term used to describe people of mixed European and African descent 8. Middle Passage- the forcible passage of Africans from Africa to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade 9. Boers- Dutch colonists in South Africa 10. Mercantilism- an economic theory that states that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital and that the global volume of international trade is “unchangeable”. 11. Louis XIV- King of France who ascended the throne a few months before his 5th birthday who believed in the Divine Rights of Kings. 12. Glorious Revolution- the overthrow of King James II of England by the Parliament. 13. Peter the Great- Ruled Russia and carried out a policy of Westernization and expansion that transformed Russia into the Russian Empire, a major European power. 14. Monarchy- a form of government in which supreme power belongs to the monarch, who is usually a king. 15. Enlightenment- a time in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for authority. New intellectual ideas were explored. 16. Philosophes- a group of French philosophers during the enlightenment who pursued a variety of intellectual interests such as science, mechanics, literature, and philosophy. 17. Natural right theory- are rights which are not contingent upon the laws, customs, or beliefs of a particular society or polity