Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences s170

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

ANNEXURE – II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1 Name of the Candidate : DR. GANESHA And address IST YEAR POST GRADUATE (In block letters) DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, NAVODAYA MEDICAL COLLEGE, HOSPITAL & RESEARCH CENTRE, RAICHUR- 584103.

2 Name of the Institution : NAVODAYA EDUCATION TRUST’S, NAVODAYA MEDICAL COLLEGE, RAICHUR-584103.

3 Course of study and subject : M.D (COMMUNITY MEDICINE)

4 Date of admission to the : 29th JULY 2013 course 5 Title of the Topic:

“EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

IN RAICHUR CITY” 6 Brief Resume of the Intended Work

6.1 Need of the study : It was said that accident are accidental, a majority of accidents are preventable. A WHO Advisory Group in 1956 defined accident as an “unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage”. World Health Assembly adopted Resolution WHA27.59 in 1974, declaring road traffic accidents [RTA] a major public health issue. Between 2000 and 2020, the total number of road traffic deaths worldwide and injuries is forecast to rise by some 65% and in low-income and middle-income countries deaths are expected to increase by as much as 80%. During 2008 road traffic injuries ranked fourth among the leading causes of deaths in the world. In many countries, motor vehicle accidents rank first among all fatal accidents. Every year almost 1.3 million people die from road accidents in the world. In addition, for every death, there are as many as 20-50 serious injuries requiring long periods of expensive care, nursing and treatment. Road traffic fatalities rate is higher in younger age groups. Children and young people under the age of 25 years account for over 30 per cent of those killed and injuried in road accidents From a young age, males are more likely to be involved in road traffic crashes than females. Among young drivers, males under the age of 25 years are almost 3 times as likely to be killed in a car crash as young females

characteristics of accidents, correlating accident experiences with personal attributes and the environments in which accidents occurs, investigating new and better methods of altering behavior; seeking ways to make environments safer; and evaluating more precisely the efficiency of control measures. This area is now termed ACCIDENTOLOGY. Multiple interactions between vehicles, roads and human beings make road crashes complex events. The probability of a crash is higher in certain situations and complexity of this interaction differs from one setting to another setting. Many risk factors have been identified over times that contribute to greater crashes and poor outcomes. Research in road safety on risk factor analysis in India has been extremely limited. The official reports from National Crime Report Bureau do not provide details of risk factors. 6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Soheil Saadat et.al in their study showed non-collision transport accident related injuries for motorcycle riders were four times more common than collision transport accident injuries and a reliable and affordable public transport system is needed to stop people from using un-safe alternatives such as motorcycles for urban transportation.

present in 34.64% and fracture of lower extremity in 25.20%, surface and integumental injuries like abrasion, laceration and contusion was seen in 9.01% of total cases. Study recommends strict licensure procedure to be followed and policies to protect passengers in commercially operated vehicles.

main cause of RTA were lack of awareness in 27%, wrong use/ no use of seatbelts/ helmets in 21% and legislative aspects including under-age driving, vehicles without fitness and licensure problems contributes 17% of cases.

17.1% on Sunday, 8.9% between 4 to 5 PM and 7.3% between 6 to 7 PM. 83% victims were male. 38.1% of victims were illiterates or studied less than 5 accident, 29.9% were labourers.

vehicle accidents was 34% and more than 60% of victims were in age group of 20-40 years, reflecting the increase use of alcohol in our society, especially in metropolitan cities and the lack of strict check on drunken driving.

driving licence due to lack of awareness, inadequate enforcement of existing laws and casual attitude of drivers towards obtaining licence and more than 75% of four wheelers were overcrowded.

haemorrhage constituted 45% of intra cranial haemorrhages. Liver was involved in 12.76% and lung in 12.75% of cases with internal injury. Head injury was seen in 56.24% of death due road traffic accident.

6.3 Aim and Objectives of the study:

Objectives: 1. To study the epidemiological factors related to road traffic accidents and admitted to government and private hospital in the municipal limits of raichur city. 2. To study type of vehicles involved in road traffic accidents, associated place of vacinity.

3. To study the prone spots of the city and give advice to prevent them.

4. To strengthen awareness and educate the community for prevention of accidents. 7 Materials and Methods: 7.1 Source of Data:

STUDY SUBJECT:

Inclusion criteria:  long period are taken in to study group.  made to their respective homes after ten days.

Exclusion criteria: 

STUDY AREA:

 All registered road traffic accidents occurred in Raichur city traffic police station within municipal limits are included.

STUDY PERIOD:

 One year. From 1

7.2 Methods of collection of Data :

7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals? (If so, please describe briefly).

7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?

8 List of References: 1. Peden M, Scurfield R, Sleet D, Mohan D, Hyder A A, Jarawan W et al. World report on road

traffic injury prevention. Geneva: WHO;2004.

2. Park K. Epidemiology of chronic non-communicable disease and conditions. In, Park K (ed).

Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 22

Bhanot;2013:375-9.

3. G. Gururaj. Road Safety in India: A Framework for Action.

Health and Neuro Sciences,

4. Jha N, Srinivasa D K, Roy G, Jagdish S. Epidemiological study of road traffic accident cases:

a study from South India. Indian J Community Med 2004 ;29(1):20-4.

5. Hussain T, Shu L Y, Sosorburan T, Adji A S, Khan A H, Raja A F. Road traffic accidents: an

observational and analytical study exploring the hidden truths in Pakistan and South East

Asian countries. Healthline 2011;2(1):52-7.

6. Saadat S, Soori H. Epidemiology of traffic injuries and motor vehicles utilization in the

capital of Iran: a population based study. BMC public health 2011;11: 488.

7. Rao D, Mukerjee S. A study of pattern of injuries in road traffic collisions. J Punjab Acad

Forensic Med Toxicol 2010;10(1):14-6.

8. Millo T, Sharma R K, Murhy O P, Bhardwaj D N, Murmu L R, Aggarwal P. Study of

incidence of alcohol use in road traffic accidents in South Delhi in fatal cases. Indian journal

of forensic medicine and toxicology 2008;2(1):29-32.

9. Chaudhary B L, Singh D, Tirpude B H, Sharma R K, Veena M. Profile of road traffic

accident cases in Kasturba hospital of MGIMS, Sevagram Wardha, Maharasthra. Medico-

legal update 2005;5(4):127-33.

10. Patil S S, Kakade R V, Durgawale P M, Kakade S V. Pattern of road traffic injuries: A study from Western Maharasthra. Indian J Community Med 2008 January;33(1):56-7.

11. Dr. A.T.Kulkarni . Epidemiological study of road traffic accident in Sholapur muncipal limits: Published in Indian Journal of Public Health Conference Issue (abstract report) in 1982.

9. Signature of the Candidate

10. Remarks of the Guide The study will help to know the involvement of vehicle, prone spots and type of accidents. Recommendation can be made for prevention and control.

11. 11.1 Name and Designation of Guide (In block letters)

11.2 Signature

11.3 Co-guide (if any)

11.4 Signature

11.5 Head of the Department

11.6 Signature

12 12.1 Remarks of Chairman and Principal 12.2 Signature