OIE RL for Campylobacteriosis Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar Netherlands

OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities in 2012

Name of disease (or topic) for which you Campylobacteriosis (including Bovine Genital are a designated OIE Reference Campylobacteriosis and C. jejuni / C. coli) Laboratory:

Address of laboratory Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, PO box 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands Central Veterinary Institute, PO box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands

Tel.: Utrecht : +31-30-2531242 Lelystad : +31-320-238157

Fax: Utrecht: +31-30-2533199 Lelystad: +31-320-238961

e-mail address: [email protected]

website: http://www.uu.nl/faculty/veterinarymedicine/nl/

Name (including Title) of Head of Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar, DVM, PhD Laboratory (Responsible Official):

Name (including Title and Position) of OIE Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar, DVM, PhD Reference Expert:

Date of submission to the OIE February 19th, 2013

Instructions

This form should be used by an OIE Reference Laboratory to report activities that took place from January through December of the past year (2012), unless otherwise stated, and must be submitted by the end of January every year.

Only those activities that concern the disease (or topic) for which the laboratory is recognised by the OIE should be mentioned. The questionnaire structure follows the Terms of Reference (ToRs) for OIE Reference Laboratories, available at: http://www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/introduction/

Each ToR (blue italicised text) has been placed as a heading covering the group of questions related to it.

Please note the red italicised text is given as guidance and should be deleted from your report and substitute with your data. Examples are based on past Annual Reports or have been invented.

The questionnaire represents a means of gathering information on activities carried out by OIE Reference Laboratories and making it available to OIE Member Countries and to the OIE Reference Laboratory network.

This annual report will remain available for consultation on the OIE web site: (http://www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/annual-reports/):

ToR: To use, promote and disseminate diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards

Annual reports of OIE Reference Centres, 2012 1 OIE RL for « Campylobacteriosis » – « Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar » – « Netherlands »

Test recommended by the OIE Total number of test performed last year Indirect diagnostic tests Nationally Internationally Biochemical testing 10 Direct diagnostic tests Nationally Internationally Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) 650 150 PCR (Abril et al., 2007) 250 150 Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) 10

ToR: To develop reference material in accordance with OIE requirements, and implement and promote the application of OIE Standards. To store and distribute to national laboratories biological reference products and any other reagents used in the diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or disease.

2. Did your laboratory produce or store imported standard reference reagents officially recognised by the OIE or other international bodies?

Yes No

3. Did your laboratory supply standard reference reagents to OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

4. Did your laboratory produce diagnostic reagents other than the OIE-approved standard reference reagents?

Yes No

5. Did your laboratory produce vaccines?

Yes No

6. Did your laboratory supply vaccines to OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

ToR: To develop, standardise and validate, according to OIE Standards, new procedures for diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or diseases

7. Did your laboratory develop new diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

8. Did your laboratory develop new vaccines according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

2 Annual reports of OIE Reference Centres, 2012 OIE RL for « Campylobacteriosis » – « Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar » – « Netherlands »

ToR: To provide diagnostic testing facilities, and, where appropriate, scientific and technical advice on disease control measures to OIE Member Countries

9. Did your laboratory carry out diagnostic testing for other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

Name of OIE Date No. samples received for provision No. samples received for Member Country of diagnostic support (i.e. from provision of confirmatory seeking assistance surveillance campaign) diagnoses United Kingdom February and 9 and 5 October Argentina February, July 12, 24 and 23 and August New-Caledonia July 12 Bulgaria November 2 Ethiopia June and 87 and 40 October Sudan February and 19 and 16 October

10. Did your laboratory provide expert advice in technical consultancies on the request of an OIE Member Country?

Yes No

Name of the OIE Member Country How the advice was Purpose receiving a technical consultancy provided SVE, Sweden Advice about labs performing ELISA test Remote assistance, email Coda – Cerva, Brussels, Belgium Advice about available diagnostic tests Remote assistance, email Ethiopia Advice about Campylobacter isolation Remote assistance, email Ahfad University for Women, Advice about Campylobacter isolation Remote assistance, email Omdurman, Sudan

ToR: To carry out and/or coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories, centres or organisations

11. Did your laboratory participate in international scientific studies in collaboration with OIE Member Countries other than the own?

Yes No

OIE Member Countries Partners Title of the study Duration Purpose of the study involved other than (Institutions) your country Whole genome ongoing Whole genome USDA USA sequencing of sequencing of Campylobacter fetus Campylobacter fetus

Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories, 2012 3 OIE RL for « Campylobacteriosis » – « Prof. Jaap A. Wagenaar » – « Netherlands »

subspecies subspecies

Infection trial of ongoing Pathogenicity of INTA Argentina Campylobacter fetus Campylobacter subspecies in cattle subspecies in cattle Studies on ongoing Molecular University of Graz Austria pathogenicity characterisation of strains CamVac ongoing Vaccination against Danish Technical Denmark, US, Indonesia Campylobacter jejuni University (DTU) as projectleader (Danish Research Council) CamCon ongoing Vaccination against EU-Consortium Norway, Denmark, UK, Campylobacter jejuni (led by the Spain, Poland, Portugal and phage therapy to Norwegian combat C. jejuni Zoonoses Center) Campylobacter in ongoing Descriptive Vet School in Sri Lanka the poultry meat epidemiology of Peradeniya production chain Campylobacter in the poultry production chain in Sri Lanka WHO Global Food ongoing WHO-Capacity Global Global collaboration Borne Infections building program collaboration Network (WHO-GSS)

ToR: To collect, process, analyse, publish and disseminate epizootiological data relevant to the designated pathogens or diseases

12. Did your Laboratory collect epizootiological data relevant to international disease control?

Yes No

13. Did your laboratory disseminate epizootiological data that had been processed and analysed?

Yes No

14. What method of dissemination of information is most often used by your laboratory?

(Indicate in the appropriate box the number by category)

a) Articles published in peer-reviewed journals:...... 8 b) International conferences:...... 7 c) National conferences:...... 2 d) Other:......

ToR: To provide scientific and technical training for personnel from OIE Member Countries

To recommend the prescribed and alternative tests or vaccines as OIE Standards

15. Did your laboratory provide scientific and technical training to laboratory personnel from other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

a) Technical visits:...... 1 b) Seminars:...... 2 c) Hands-on training courses:...... 0 d) Internships (>1 month):...... 0

Type of technical training Country of origin of the expert(s) provided No. participants from the provided (a, b, c or d) with training corresponding country a Sri Lanka (host), appr 15 participating countries b Brazil (host), appr 50 participating countries b Japan (host) appr. 15 participating countries

ToR: To maintain a system of quality assurance, biosafety and biosecurity relevant for the pathogen and the disease concerned

16. Does your laboratory have a Quality Management System certified according to an International Standard?

Yes No

Quality management system adopted

ISO 9001 and ISO 17025

17. Is your laboratory accredited by an international accreditation body?

Yes No

18. Does your laboratory maintain a “biorisk management system” for the pathogen and the disease concerned? (See Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.3 or Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.1)

Yes No

ToR: To organise and participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE

19. Did your laboratory organise scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

National/ Title of event Co-organiser Date Location No. International (mm/yy) Participants international OIE focal points Food OIE, FAO, WHO November Tokyo, Japan 40 Safety 2012 international WHO Expert Meeting on OIE, FAO July 2012 Utrecht, The 30

Campylobacter Netherlands

20. Did your laboratory participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

Title of event Date Location Role (speaker, presenting Title of the work (mm/yy) poster, short presented communications) WHO Expert 06/12 Geneva WHO Expert and host/organiser Control strategies for meeting on July 2012 Utrecht, NL Campylobacter Campylobacter

ToR: To establish and maintain a network with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease and organise regular inter-laboratory proficiency testing to ensure comparability of results

21. Did your laboratory exchange information with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease?

Yes No

22. Was your laboratory involved in maintaining a network with OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease by organising or participating in proficiency tests?

Yes No

23. Did your laboratory collaborate with other OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease on scientific research projects for the diagnosis or control of the pathogen of interest?

Yes No

ToR: To organise inter-laboratory proficiency testing with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same pathogens and diseases to ensure equivalence of results.

24. Did your laboratory organise or participate in inter-laboratory proficiency tests with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease?

Yes No

No. participating Participating OIE Member Purpose for inter-laboratory test comparisons1 laboratories Countries

Proficiency testing for National Laboratories in NL 18 national

1 See Interlaboratory test comparisons in: Laboratory Proficiency Testing at: www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/proficiency-testing see point 1.3

ToR: To place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE

25. Did your laboratory place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE?

Yes No

Kind of consultancy Location Subject (facultative )

Speaker at Focal Point Meeting Food Tokyo, Japan Campylobacter and Salmonella Safety

Provision of comments on OIE Standards Remote (e-mail) Addition of a validated test to the OIE Manual (BGC)

Attachment – Output associated with the Campylobacter Chapter (expert: JA Wagenaar))

Peer reviewed publications

1. Friesema IH, Havelaar AH, Westra PP, Wagenaar JA, van Pelt W. 2012. Poultry Culling and Campylobacteriosis Reduction among Humans, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis. 18:466-468.

2. van Bunnik BA, Katsma WE, Wagenaar JA, Jacobs-Reitsma WF, de Jong MC. 2012. Acidification of drinking water inhibits indirect transmission, but not direct transmission of Campylobacter between broilers. Prev Vet Med. 105(4):315-319.

3. Louwen R, Nieuwenhuis EE, van Marrewijk L, Horst-Kreft D, de Ruiter L, Heikema AP, van Wamel WJ, Wagenaar JA, Endtz HP, Samsom J, van Baarlen P, Akhmanova A, van Belkum A. 2012. Campylobacter jejuni translocation across intestinal epithelial cells is facilitated by ganglioside-like lipooligosaccharide structures. Infect Immun. 80:3307-3318.

4. Mughini Gras L, Smid JH, Wagenaar JA, de Boer AG, Havelaar AH, Friesema IH, French NP, Busani L, van Pelt W. 2012. Risk factors for campylobacteriosis of chicken, ruminant, and environmental origin: a combined case-control and source attribution analysis. PLoS One.7:e42599.

5. Kalupahana RS, Kottawatta KS, Kanankege KS, van Bergen MA, Abeynayake P, Wagenaar JA. 2013. Colonization of Campylobacter spp. in Broiler Chickens and Laying Hens Reared in Tropical Climates with Low-Biosecurity Housing. Appl Environ Microbiol.79:393-395.

6. Louwen R, Horst-Kreft D, de Boer AG, van der Graaf L, de Knegt G, Hamersma M, Heikema AP, Timms AR, Jacobs BC, Wagenaar JA, Endtz HP, van der Oost J, Wells JM, Nieuwenhuis EE, van Vliet AH, Willemsen PT, van Baarlen P, van Belkum A. 2013. A novel link between Campylobacter jejuni bacteriophage defence, virulence and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 32(2):207-26.

7. Smid JH, Mughini Gras L, de Boer AG, French NP, Havelaar AH, Wagenaar JA, van Pelt W. 2013. Practicalities of using non-local or non-recent multilocus sequence typing data for source attribution in space and time of human campylobacteriosis. PLoS One. 8(2):e55029.

8. Lapo Mughini Gras, Joost H. Smid, Jaap A. Wagenaar, Miriam G. Koene, Arie H. Havelaar, Ingrid H.M. Friesema, Nigel P. French, Carolien Flemming, Caterina Graziani, Luca Busani, Wilfrid van Pelt Increased Risk for Campylobacter jejuni/coli infection of Pet Origin in Dog Owners and Genetic Evidence of Pet-Human Transmission. Epidemiol. Infect. Accepted for publication.

Abstracts

1. Maarten Gilbert, Linda van der Graaf–van Bloois, William G. Miller, Emma Yee, Birgitta Duim and Jaap A. Wagenaar. CRISPR-Cas system in the genomes of Campylobacter fetus subspecies. The Scientific Spring Meeting. Royal Dutch Society of Microbiology (KNMV) and the Dutch Society of Medical Microbiology. Arnhem, the Netherlands. 17-18 april 2012. Ned Tijdsch Med Microbiol (2012) 19:S82-83.

2. Linda van der Graaf – van Bloois, Gregor Gorkiewicz, William G. Miller, Jaap A. Wagenaar and Birgitta Duim. Molecular characterization of the pathogenicity island in Campylobacter fetus subspecies. ASM 112th General Meeting June 16-19, 2012, San Francisco, US.

3. Linda van der Graaf–van Bloois, William G. Miller, Emma Yee, Birgitta Duim and Jaap A. Wagenaar. Whole genome sequencing of Campylobacter fetus subspecies. ASM 112th General Meeting June 16-19, 2012, San Francisco, US.

4. Maarten J. Gilbert, William G. Miller, Emma Yee, Birgitta Duim, Andrew J. Lawson, Martin J. Blaser and Jaap A. Wagenaar. Whole genome sequencing for taxonomic positioning of Campylobacter fetus testudinum ssp. nov. ASM 112th General Meeting June 16-19, 2012, San Francisco, US.

5. Regional Campylobacter outbreak investigation: combining epidemiology and microbiology. E.B.Fanoy, R. Diepersloot, D.Ooms, M. De Rosa, I.H.M.Friesema, M.P.D. Deege, W.van Pelt, A. de Boer, J.A. Wagenaar. ESCAIDE 2012. Edinburgh, 24-26 October 2012.

Lectures on invitation, expert meetings, workshops

Expert Workshop on EU protocol for harmonised monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella and Campylobacter from humans, ECDC, Stockholm. 29-30 May, 2012. Invited Expert. (Wagenaar)

WHO-Campylobacter Expert Consultation. Utrecht. 9-11 July 2012. Organiser and local host. (Wagenaar)

Campylobacter, a friend of poultry but an enemy of public health. World Poultry Congress XXIV, Salvador, Brazil, August 8th, 2012. Invited Lecture. (Wagenaar)

Antimicrobial resistance: epidemiology, relation vet-human and the way forward. International Workshop on the use of antimicrobials in livestock production and antimicrobial resistance in the Asia-Pacific region. 36th Session of the Animal Production and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific (APHCA). Negombo, Sri Lanka, 20-24 October 2012, Keynote lecture. (Wagenaar)

Campylobacter: food safety aspects and interventions. Regional Seminar for the OIE National Focal Points on Animal Production Food Safety. Tokyo, Japan. 31 October- 2 November 2012. Invited Lecture. (Wagenaar)

8 Annual reports of OIE Reference Centres, 2012