Mathematical Foundations of Materials Designing and Development

Subject Group of Materials Science and Engineering

26207 Analysis of Micro-Structure of Interfaces between Gas, Winter Liquid, and Solid Phases

Description and rationale: The aim of this course is to provide basic knowledge of micro-structure of interfaces between gas, liquid, and solid phases. In the study of the gas / solid interface, relaxation and reconstruction of the surface structure of solid are reviewed, and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is introduced to determine (7 x 7) reconstruction on Si (111). X-ray photo-spectroscopy is introduced to analyze chemical bonds between metal thin film and carbon substrate. Surface tension produced at the gas / liquid interface is reviewed thermodynamically, and several methods for surface tension measurement are introduced.

The structure of the electric double layer formed at the interface between solid / liquid is studied, and the principle of electric double layer capacitors are shown as an example of its application. A new topic related to the liquid / liquid interface is selected.

Keywords: Interface, Relaxation, Reconstruction, Scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photo-spectroscopy,

Surface tension, Electric double layer

Pre-requisite: basic thermodynamics and surface analysis

Expected students: master and doctoral

Instructor:

Course Outline:

1. What are interface and surface?

2. Structure of interface between solid and gas

2-1. Relaxation and reconstruction of solid surface

2-2. Principle of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)

2-3. STM observation of (7 x 7) reconstructed structure on silicon (111) surface

3. Structure of interface between solid and solid

3-1. Principle of x-ray photo-spectroscopy (XPS)

3-2. XPS analysis of chemical bonds produced between Al thin film and graphite

substrate during vacuum deposition

4. Structure of interface between gas and liquid

6/2008 4-1. Thermodynamics of gas / liquid interface

4-2. Surface tension, surface excess, and surface depression

4-3. Measurement of surface tension

4-4. Presentation of laboratory work on surface tension of solutions

5. Structure of interface between solid and liquid

5-1. Electric double layer

5-2. Gouy – Chapman theory

5-3. Electric double layer capacitor

6. Structure of interface between liquid and liquid

6-1. Phenomena of mass transport at liquid / liquid interface

6-2. New topics

Grading: based on attendance (20%) presentation (20%), reports (20%) and final examination (40 %).

Textbooks and references: “Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces (Second Revised and Enlarged Edition),

Hans-Jurgen Butt, Karlheinz Graf, and Michael Kappl, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 (ISBN: 3-527-40629-8)

“Surface Studies by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy”, C. Binning, H. Rohrer, Ch.Gerber, and E. Weibel, Phys.

Rev. Lett., 57 – 60 (1982), “An in situ XPS study of sputter-deposited aluminium thin films on graphite, C.

Hinnen, D. Imbert, J. M. Siffre, and P. Marcus, Appl. Surf. Sci., 78, 219 – 231 (1994)

6/2008