American Pageant Chapter 15 Part I

American Pageant – Chapter 15 Part I “The Ferment of Reform and Culture”

1. On what “mission” did the Second Great Awakening send people?

2. How would political reformation and economic expansion have contributed to this third wave of change?

3. How important was religion in American life in the early 19th century?

4. How had religion changed from earlier versions of Calvinism?

5. What were the beliefs of Deists?

6. What were the beliefs of Unitarians?

7. How were the revivals a reaction against the Deists and Unitarians?

8. What reform movements grew out of evangelicalism?

Camp meetings

9. Which denominations grew the fastest as the result of camp meetings?

Circuit riders

Charles Grandison Finney

10. Which reforms did Finney advocate?

11. Who were the most numerous and fervent religious revivalists?

12. What two possible explanations for this trend are offered as to why women became the majority of new church members?

13. Why did revivals lead women to attempt to save society? “Burned Over District”

Millerites/ Seventh Day Adventists

14. How did the Second Great Awakening widen class divisions?

15. What issue split the Methodist, Baptist and eventually Presbyterians?

Joseph Smith

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints/ Mormons

16. What issues led to a conflict between the Mormons and their neighbors?

17. When Joseph Smith was murdered, who took over leadership of the Mormons?

18. Where did the Mormons settle?

19. How did the Mormons “make the desert bloom?”

20. What accounts for the rapid population growth of the Mormon communities in the West?

21. What was the main issue that led to conflict between the Mormon territories and Congress?

22. What kept the well-to-do from supporting public education initially?

23. What factors led to a change in attitude?

24. Which region resisted tax support for public schools?

25. What are the connections 19th century Americans made between democracy and education?

26. What were the specific reforms Horace Mann introduced in Massachusetts?

27. What level of education do you think most Americans could expect to reach in 1860? 28. Where were the oldest state-supported universities?

29. Which decade marked the beginning of women’s secondary education?

30. How did the reform movements provide opportunities for women?

31. Were most of the reforms radical (going toward change) or traditional (a return to earlier values)?

32. What reforms were advocated for prisons?

Dorothea Dix

33. Why did Americans drink so much?

34. What were the negative results of drunkenness?

35. Which negative result motivated women the most?

American Temperance Society

36. What is the difference between temperance and prohibition?

37. Were prohibition laws successful?

38. What fundamental rights were women denied in the 19th century?

39. Describe the gender stereotypes that existed at the time.

Cult of domesticity

40. What did Catherine Beecher urge women to do?

41. What race and class did female reformers usually come from? 42. Describe the background and accomplishments of:  Lucretia Mott

 Elizabeth Cady Stanton

 Susan B. Anthony

 Elizabeth Blackwell

 Margaret Fuller

 Sarah and Angelina Grimke

 Lucy Stone

 Amelia Bloomer

43. For what were the feminists who met at Seneca Falls asking?

44. After what was the Seneca Falls Declaration of Rights and Sentiments modeled?

45. What other reform movement eclipsed women’s rights?

Utopian communities

46. Describe what made each of the following utopian community unique and what prevented them from being successful: a. New Harmony

b. Brook Farm

c. Oneida

d. Shakers