Essentials of Math 11

ESSENTIALS OF MATH 11 2-1: DATA ANALYSIS and INTERPRETATION

GOALS  To learn how to represent data effectively using averages, tables, charts, plots and graphs. You will make predictions and inferences based on averages and graphs and recognize how data can be manipulated to stress a particular point of view.

Statistics: used in sports (goals, RBIs, +/-, par, etc.) ,sales, politics (polls), and science (drugs, cancer) and schools (provincial exam results).

Can be presented to distort facts.

Ex: Sales Undistorted: Bill is best salesman Distorted: Fred appears to be Bill’s better than Bill 1 million sales 300%

Fred’ Sales $ Increase in s Fred’ Sales % sales Bill’s s sales sales 0 0 Jan Dec months Dec Oct

NEW TERMS  CLUSTER: a place where values are grouped or clustered together  GAP: a large space between values  OUTLIER: value that is widely separated from the rest of the data  RANGE: the difference between the smallest and largest value

LINE PLOTS The ancient proverb “A picture is worth a thousand words” is as true for numbers as it is for words. A visual representation of numerical data can allow you to extract most of the important information contained in a set of data. A line plot is one way to represent data graphically. It is a horizontal line on which numerical data is arranged. A line plot is a tool that you can use to organize and study data because it displays information about how data is distributed over a range of values. A line plot is usually used to display a data set with fewer than 50 numbers.

The steps for constructing a line plot are as follows:

Ex: numbers are: 10, 15, 13, 17, 11, 11, 9, 1, 14, 12

1. Draw a horizontal line:

2. Construct an appropriate scale that covers the range of values you are working with.

______

0 5 10 15 20

3. Plot each mark by placing an ‘x’ above the line at the appropriate location. Continue until you have plotted each value. Stack repeats (see 11 below)

X X X X X X X X X X ______

0 5 10 15 20

Gap Outlier Cluster COMPLETE THE NOTEBOOK ASSIGNMENT ON PAGE 86-89 Questions 1 & 2