MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the One Alternative That Best Completes the Statement Or Answers s2

KINE 2385 Test 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The movement of water across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an 6) A process that requires cellular energy to area of higher solute concentration is known move a substance against its concentration as gradient is called  active transport.  facilitated transport.  osmosis.  diffusion.  filtration.  passive transport.  diffusion.  active transport.  facilitated diffusion.  osmosis.

2) The peritoneal cavity contains the 7) Each of the following is an example of an  pleural cavity. inorganic compound except one. Identify the  ventral body cavity. exception.  cranial cavity.  Salts  pelvic cavity.  acids  spinal cavity.  enzymes  water 3) During the process of mitosis, duplicated  bases chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell during 8) A person who is facing forward with arms at  telophase. the sides and palms facing forward is said to  metaphase. be in the  prophase.  frontal position.  interphase.  anatomical position.  anaphase.  supine position.  sagittal position. 4) Carbohydrate molecules  prone position.  are the body's most important source of energy. 9) During the process of mitosis, chromatids  contain the genetic information found in separate into daughter chromosomes during cells.  metaphase.  form the regulatory molecules known as  telophase. enzymes.  anaphase.  help to protect vital organs from damage.  prophase.  serve as structural components of human  interphase. cells. 10) Which of these is an example of carrier- 5) A substance containing atoms of different mediated transport? elements that are bonded together is called  facilitated diffusion a(n)  phagocytosis  molecule.  osmosis  compound.  exocytosis  isotope.  endocytosis  mixture.  none of the above 11) Which sectional plane could divide the body so that the face remains intact?  coronal plane  sagittal plane  midsagittal plane  equatorial plane  osmosis.  none of the above 12) Which indicates the front of the body?  A. anterior 18) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the  B. posterior spleen is to the  lymphatic system.  C. dorsal  digestive system.  D. ventral  muscular system.  both A and D  urinary system. 13) The most important metabolic fuel molecule in  cardiovascular system. the body is  vitamin B12. 19) Cell membranes are said to be  glucose.  impermeable.  starch.  freely permeable.  protein.  actively permeable.  sucrose.  selectively permeable.  none of the above. 14) The sodium-potassium exchange pump  moves the sodium and potassium ions 20) Characteristics of most living organisms along their concentration gradients. include the ability to  is an example of facilitated diffusion.  A. grow and reproduce.  does not require the input of cellular  B. respond and adapt to their environment. energy in the form of ATP.  C. control the external environment.  is composed of a carrier protein located in  A and B only the cell membrane.  all of the above  is NOT necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis. 21) Locomotion, support of internal organs, and heat production are the functions of which 15) Vesicles are organelles that system?  temporarily store substances.  skeletal  facilitate diffusion.  cardiovascular  produce ATP.  lymphatic  utilize ATP.  respiratory  produce lysosomes.  muscular

16) An excess of hydrogen ions in the body fluids 22) Structurally, the plasma membrane can have disastrous results because  is composed of a bilayer of proteins.  excess hydrogen ions can break chemical  is composed of a bilayer of lipids. bonds.  is a complex combination of carbohydrates  excess hydrogen ions can kill living cells. and lipids.  excess hydrogen ions can change the  is composed of only carbohydrate shape of large complex molecules, molecules. rendering them non-functional.  is a complex combination of carbohydrates  excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue and proteins. functions.  all of the above 23) Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are controlled by special catalytic molecules called 17) The packaging of extracellular materials in a  enzymes. vesicle at the cell surface for importation into  activators. the cell is called  cofactors.  endocytosis.  cytozymes.  an ion exchange pump.  none of the above  active transport.  facilitated transport. 24) The chemical, or molecular, level of organization begins with ______, which 30) The internal transport of blood and dissolved then form ______. substances is the function of the  cells; tissues  endocrine system.  molecules; atoms  cardiovascular system.  macromolecules; molecules  integumentary system.  atoms; molecules  nervous system.  organs; systems  none of the above

25) The movement of oxygen from an area of high 31) If a substance has a pH that is greater than 7, concentration to an area of low concentration it is is an example of  alkaline.  filtration.  a buffer.  active transport.  neutral.  facilitated diffusion.  acidic.  diffusion.  a salt.  osmosis. 32) The most important high-energy compound in 26) Lipids cells is  provide roughly twice the energy as  glucose. carbohydrates.  protein.  help to cushion delicate organs from  adenosine triphosphate. damage.  fructose.  help to maintain body temperature.  deoxyribose.  form essential structural components of cells. 33) A solution that contains a lower solute  all of the above concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called 27) The heart is surrounded by the ______ hypertonic. membrane.  isotonic.  pericardial  semitonic.  pleural  hypotonic.  peritoneal  holotonic.  serous  visceral 34) Which of the following regions corresponds to the upper arm? 28) The chest is ______to the umbilicus.  antebrachial  Inferior  pedal  posterior  brachial  medial  femoral  superior  cervical  anterior 35) A cut passing through the midline of the body 29) The watery medium that surrounds a cell is that divides it into equal left and right halves is known as known as this type of plane.  extracellular fluid.  transverse  protoplasm.  frontal  cytosol.  midsagittal  a colloidal gel.  coronal  cytoplasm.  parasagittal 36) The wrist is considered ______to the 41) The following is a list of several levels of elbow. organization that make up the human body:  medial  lateral 1. tissue  proximal 2. cell 3. organ  distal 4. molecule  none of the above 5. organism 6. organ system 37) Which of the following substances would be least acidic? The correct order from the smallest to the largest  tomato juice, pH = 4 level would be  urine, pH = 6  4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5.  lemon juice, pH = 5.5  4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5.  stomach secretions, pH = 2  2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5.  white wine, pH = 3  2, 1, 4, 3, 5, 6.  4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5. 38) A dehydration synthesis reaction between glycerol and a single fatty acid would yield a 42) Enzymes  triglyceride.  affect the rate of a chemical reaction.  steroid.  function as biological catalysts.  monoglyceride.  lower the activation energy for a reaction.  hormone.  are proteins.  diglyceride.  all of the above

39) Facilitated diffusion differs from ordinary 43) Osmosis ALWAYS involves which of the diffusion in that facilitated diffusion following?  limits the rate of molecular movement by  water limiting the number of available carrier  salt molecules.  carbohydrates  does not limit the rate of molecular  proteins movement by the number of available carrier molecules.  sugar  expends no ATP.  moves molecules from an area of higher 44) Organic compounds in the human body concentration to lower concentration. contain all of the following EXCEPT  never eliminates the concentration  oxygen. gradient.  calcium. 40) The simplest units of matter are  hydrogen.  neutrons.  carbon.  molecules.  none of these  electrons. 45) The diaphragm separates the ______ atoms. cavity from the ______cavity.  protons.  abdominal; pelvic  pericardial; pleural  pericardial sac; pericardial  thoracic; abdominopelvic  pleural; mediastinum 47) A person lying face down in the anatomical position is said to be in the ______position.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that 48) The hydrolysis of ATP yields the molecule best completes each statement or answers the ______. question.

46) Identify the following compounds as organic 49) Cell membranes are said to be ______(O) or inorganic (I). permeable because they allow some 1._____ glucose substances to pass but not others. 2._____ sucrose 3._____ water 4._____ starch 50) ______proteins can open or close to 5._____ carbon dioxide regulate the passage of materials through the cell membrane.

51) Match the organ system in the first column with its primary function in the second column.

_____ 1. integumentary system A. defense against infection _____ 2. muscular system B. protection from environment _____ 3. endocrine system C. processing of food _____ 4. cardiovascular system D. internal transport of materials _____ 5. respiratory system E. elimination of excess water _____ 6. urinary system F. production of sex cells _____ 7. reproductive system G. support and protection _____ 8. skeletal system H. delivery of air for gas exchange _____ 9. nervous system I. locomotion and heat production _____ 10. lymphatic system J. directing responses to stimuli _____ 11. digestive system K. directing long-term changes

52) Using anatomical terms of direction, supply the word that would make the sentence correct. The hand is ______to the elbow.

53) Cellular reproduction is known as ______.

54) Match the terms in the first column with the definitions in the second. _____ 1. acid A. solute that removes hydrogen ions _____ 2. base B. solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions _____ 3. buffer C. consists of a fluid solvent and dissolved solutes _____ 4. solution D. compounds that stabilize pH _____ 5. water E. the most important body constituent

55) Match the body cavity in the first column with the organ it contains in the second column. _____ 1. cranial cavity A. liver _____ 2. spinal cavity B. brain _____ 3. thoracic cavity C. urinary bladder _____ 4. abdominal cavity D. lungs _____ 5. pelvic cavity E. spinal cord 20) D MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) B 21) E

2) D 22) B

3) B 23) A

4) A 24) D

5) B 25) D

6) D 26) E

7) C 27) A

8) B 28) D

9) C 29) A

10) A 30) B

11) A 31) A

12) E 32) C

13) B 33) D

14) D 34) C

15) A 35) C

16) E 36) D

17) A 37) B

18) A 38) C

19) D 39) A 40) D

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 46) 1-O, 2-O, 3-I, 4-O, 5-I

47) prone

48) ADP

49) selectively

50) Channel

51) 1-B, 2-I, 3-K, 4-D, 5-H, 6-E, 7-F, 8-G, 9-J, 10-A, 11-C

52) distal

53) 1-B, 2-E, 3-D, 4-C, 5-A

54) cell division

55) 1-B, 2-A, 3-D, 4-C, 5-E

56) 1-B, 2-E, 3-D, 4-A, 5-C