After WWII and the Cold War

Name______date______Block______USII Rector USII.8a: Post World War II Recovery

After World War I, the United States accepted its role as a world superpower, stepping in to help rebuild Europe and Japan and taking the leading role in establishing the United Nations.

Democratic Countries 1. _____UNITED STATES 2. GREAT BRITAIN 3. FRANCE______

*In a democratic country, people have the ultimate power to make decisions through voting.

Communist Countries 1. ______SOVIET UNION______2. ______YUGOSLAVIA______3. ______CUBA_____ China_____

*In a communist country, the government owns all property and controls the economy

After World War II  Europe was in ruins  Soviet forces occupied most of the Eastern and Central Europe and the eastern portion of Germany  The United States thought it was in their own best interest to help rebuild Europe and prevent political and economic instability

The Marshall Plan George C. Marshall called for the United States to provide economic assistance to restore Europe.

The Marshall Plan provided massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism.

Germany Divided ____WEST__ Germany -__DEMOCRATIC______and became a self-government after a few years of American, British, and French occupation

__EAST____ Germany - Not Democratic – under _COMMUNIST(SOVIET)_____ control (______SOVIET____)

Japan  After being defeated it was ___IN RUINS AND OCCUPIED BY US TROOPS______US helped to rebuild and est a dem gov  Adopted a ______DEMOCRATIC______form of government  Resumed self-government  Now a strong ___ALLY___ of the USA

United Nations-UN  Formed – 1945  Created to ______PREVENT WORLD WARS IN THE FUTURE______Name______date______Block______USII Rector  INTERNATIONAL PEACEKEEPING ORGANIZATION______ 50 Nations together  Has an Army  Settle DISPUTES______(fighting) between or among countries  USA joined the UN

1. What year did the United Nations first meet? 1946

2. What nation was the host nation of the first meeting? Great Britain

3. Where is the permanent home of the United Nations? NYC

4. (True or False) After WWII Japan and the USA remained enemies? FALSE

5. The United Nations is NOT a. An international Peace Keeping organization b. Created to prevent future global wars c. A policy to stop the spread of communism d. Created to solve disputes (fighting) between or among countries

The Cold War

 War of _TENSION___ (non-fighting) words  __DIFFERENCES IN IDEOLOGIES AND BELIEFS______ Due to ______USSR COMMUNIST AND US DEMOCRATIC (CAPITALISTIC) WAYS_  Known as the _COLD WAR__  __ALLIES BECAME ENIEMIS AND THE WORLD WAS DIVIDED 1. After World War II the Soviets and Americans became _Enemies__. 2. What was the Truman Doctrine? PLAN TO PROVIDE AID TO COUNTIRES FIGHTING COMMUNISM

When World War II ended  In 1945 allied and axis powers divided large parts of Europe  Allied armies (_US____,___FRANCE_____ and ___BRITIAN___) occupied western Europe DEMOCRATIC  __SOVIET Union___ controlled Eastern Europe  GERMANY_/BERLIN___ divided between Allies and Soviet Union The Cold War  Is a state of _TENSION__(_DISTRUST__), _  DIFFERENCES IN IDEOLOGIES AND BELIEFS______ _____DEMOCRACY/CAPITALISM VS COMMUNISM______ After the use of _THE ATOMIC ____ weapons the __THREAT___ of nuclear war was on everyone’s mind.  ___The world feared another world war might occur_____  Self-government____- freedoms of people and how to run a government  Against the USA and the Soviet Union  The world was divided Name______date______Block______USII Rector

At the beginning of the Cold War  As World War II ended, the _COLD WAR__ (competition between Western leaders (USA and Britain) and the Soviet Union (Stalin) became more important  ____COLD WAR______democracy vs. communism The Superpowers  UNITED STATES AND SOVIET UNION___ very powerful  Each country had different ideas about _GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY  Democracy - _GOV FOR THE PEOPLE AND BY THE PEOPLE;  Communism –GOV HAS ABSOULE POWER AND CONTROL CITIZENS HAVE NO SAY USA and the Soviet Union different ideas and viewS  Communism GOV CONTROLLS EVERYTHING AND OWNS ALL INDUSTRY_  Democracy FREE CAPITALISTIC ECONOMY INDUSTRIES OWNED BY PRIVIATE INDIVIDUALS  USA  Wanted to promote DEMOCRATIC ___system based on _SELF___ - _GOVERNMENT_)  CITIZENS____ have the ultimate _CONTROL__ The Soviet Union  _COMMUNIST_  _____THE GOVERNMENT OWNS ALL__ property and control economy  ______INDUSTRIES ARE __ controlled government  (_GOVERNMENT SETS THE PRICES FOR GOODS AND SERVICES_)  Origins of the Cold War  During WWII, the Soviet Union ______INVADED__ (took over) many E. European countries and made them communist governments  The UNITED STATES HELPED Countries AVOID COMMUNISUM _ and tried to _STOP__ the spread of it.  This policy was known as “_CONTAINMENT__” (TO PREVENT COMMUNISUM FRoM SPREADING TO OTHER COUNTRIES AND KEEP IT IN ONE PLACE__) The tension between the free world (USA and the communist’s world  “Iron Curtain” and invisible line __THAT__ __divided _WEST BERLIN__ ___Free  __EAST BERLIN__ from communist _RULE)  Communist countries _BATTLED______with the West.  Arms (weapons)race developed  Tried to build a more powerful  ARMED SERVICES WITH MORE TECHNOLOGICALY ADVANCE WEAPONS_  Building of Berlin Wall in 1961 to _1989  (BERLIN WALL_) – was destroyed in 1989. Regan US pres

1. What year did the Soviet Union detonate its first atomic bomb?

2. How much more powerful is a Hydrogen bomb than an atomic bomb?

3. Who urged Congress and the world to get rid of all atomic weapons? Name______date______Block______USII Rector Containing Communism abroad (world) –to stop spread of Communism  THE MARSHAL PLAN___ gave $13 Billion in aid to European countries to REBUILD AND STABLEIZE THEM POLITICALLY AND ECOMOMICALLY_.  THE US THROUGH THE MARSHALL PLAN__ Promising aid to people struggling against threats to democratic freedom/AGAINST COMMUNISUM  NATO__ -North Atlantic Treaty Organization-Democracy  1. What type of governments did the Soviet Union put into Eastern Europe? COM.

2. What did Winston Churchill call the Soviet’s occupation of Eastern Europe? IRON CURTAIN

3. What did Stalin impose on Western Berlin? TARRIFS

4. CONTAINMENT__ was the policy know for stopping the spread of communism The Marshall Plan was  Aid to European countries to help rebuild and prevent THE SPREAD OF COMMUNISIUM  Promising aid to people struggling against threats to _COMMUNISIM  A policy to stop the COMMUNISIM  Aid to EUROPEAN COUNTRIES_ to help rebuild and prevent communism The Arms race was  A __RACE__ between the USA and the Soviet Union  Race to see who has the _BEST WEAPON TECHNOLOGY_/MOST FIRE POWER  Arm wrestling fights  A _RACE____ between the USA and the Soviet Union NATO  NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION  Formed in 1948  Was an ALLIANCE BETWEEN_ US, Canada and 10 Western European countries to help each other if they were attacked by Soviet Union or communists. NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

Warsaw Pact  Created by the Soviet Union  AGREEMENT__ between the Soviet Union and Eastern European Countries COMMUNIST COUNTRIES  Created in 1955