1. Why Was India Called the Jewel in the Crown ?

Chapter 11 study guide 1. Why was India called the "jewel in the crown"? 2. How did Menelik II keep colonial interests out of Ethiopia? 3. What was the main reason for the Crimean War? 4. What happened as a result of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885? 5. Why did some U.S. business leaders want Hawaii to be annexed to the United States? 6. What was the main cause of inadequate food supplies in Africa during European colonization? 7. What leaders used modernization to successfully keep their countries away from foreign control? 8. How did Europeans use paternalism to govern people in colonies? 9. Why did Britain take control of the Suez Canal? 10. What happened in India as a result of the Sepoy Mutiny? 11. What event or war BEST illustrates geopolitics-an interest in taking land for strategic purposes? 12. Why did American sugar planters overthrow Queen Liliuokalani? 13. Why is Ram Mohun Roy considered the "Father of Modern India"? 14. The main difference between European colonies and protectorates in Africa had to do with what? 15. In 1907, what territories were divided into spheres of influence by Russia and Britain? 16. The term “Raj” is used to refer to the period of Indian history during which India was what? 17. As a direct result of the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired what territories? 18. Emilio Aguinaldo fought for the independence of what territory? 19. Which U.S. business interest group pushed for the annexation of Hawaii? 20. By 1914, the Ottoman Empire had 21. The Suez Canal was built through the combined efforts of what two groups? 22. What best describes the national boundaries that existed in Africa at the end of the 19th century? (How were the boundaries set up?) 23. What was the goal of direct control? 24. What colonies were governed by indirect control? 25. What was true of the way that indirect control worked? 26. What did indirect control and direct control have in common? 27. What was true of direct control? 28. Which of the following colonies was governed by direct control? 29. How did the German style of governing colonies compare to the U.S. style? 30. Be able to answer questions about the chart on page 346. 31. What were the causes of European imperialism in Africa? 32. What were the positive and negative effects of British imperialism in India? 33. Why was India called the "jewel in the crown"? 34. How did Menelik II keep colonial interests out of Ethiopia? 35. What was the main reason for the Crimean War? Answer Sheet

1. A. It was the most valuable of all of Britain's colonies. 2. C. He exploited European rivalries and built a modern army. 3. A. Russia wanted land on the Black Sea to gain access to the Mediterranean Sea. 4. D. Europeans divided Africa into colonies without consulting African leaders. 5. B. Sugar could be sold for higher profits. 6. D. Europeans insisted on the growth of cash crops, such as cotton. 7. C. Muhammad Ali and King Mongkut 8. B. They provided for colonial peoples' needs but did not give them full rights. 9. C. Egypt could not pay its foreign debt. 10. C. The British government took direct command of India. 11. B. Crimean War 12. D. She wanted to restore the political power of the native Hawaiians. 13. B. He called for an end to traditional practices such as arranged child marriages. 14. B. governments. 15. C. Persia 16. B. dominated by Britain. 17. B. Hawaii. 18. D. the Philippine Islands. 19. D. sugar-cane planters 20. D. declined to about a third of its greatest size. 21. B. French and Egyptians. 22. B. unnaturally imposed 23. C. assimilation 24. D. Nigeria 25. C. It had limited self-rule. 26. A. They both based government institutions on European styles. 27. B. British colonies used it. 28. A. India 29. C. Vietnam 30. A. Germany preferred direct control, whereas the United States preferred indirect control.