Final Exam- 1St Semester 2002- Goetz/ Gerbe

Final Exam- 1st Semester 2002-2003

There are 125 questions to this examination. It will account for 20% of your course grade. Choose the answer that is BEST.

MATCHING.

A. .Diaphragm B. Stage C. Coarse Adjustment D. Fine Adjustment E.Stage Clip

_____1. changes the amount of light that enters the lens

_____2. Moves the body tube a great distance

_____3. Moves the body tube very slightly

_____4. What holds the slide on the stage

_____5. Supports the slide

_____6. Must not be used on high power.

MULTIPLE CHOICE.

_____7. Which one of the following compounds is an organic compound?

A. H20 B. NaCl C. NH3 D. CH3

_____8. In living organisms, lipids are used for all the following EXCEPT: A. energy storage B. waterproofing C. insulation D. protein synthesis

_____9. Glucose, lactose and sucrose are examples of A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. proteins D. nucleic acids

_____10. In organic compounds, a carbon atom can form A. four single bonds B. four double bonds C. a triple and double bond D. all of the above

____ 11. Amino acids make up: A. nucleic acid B. carbohydrates C. proteins D. lipids

_____12. If the eyepiece of the microscope magnifies 10 times and the low power objective magnifies 45 times, the total magnification under low power is A. 45 times B. 55 times C. 450 times D. 400 times

**_____13. A scientist who studies the ultrastructures of cells would make use of a A. telescope B. light microscope C. tunneling microscope D. scanning electron microscope (SEM)

_____14. Carboxyl group (COOH) is found in A. simple sugars B. organic acids C. steroids D. none of the above

_____15. The cell organelle that is NOT present in animal cells is? A. centrioles B. cell wall C. cell membrane D. chloroplast

_____16. In general, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ALL living organisms? A. use energy B. reproduction C. made of cells D. carry on photosynthesis

_____17. All of the following are found outside the nucleus EXCEPT A. chromosomes B. ribosomes C. Golgi Apparatus D. centrioles

_____18. The metric unit of length is the A. gram B. meter C. kilogram D. liter

_____19. An explanation based on observations is called: A. theory B. riddle C. hypothesis D. experiment

_____20. Which of the following are characteristics of living organisms? A. they acquire and use energy B. they contain a genetic program C. they respond to environmental changes D. they are composed of one or more cells E. all of these

_____21. The concept of ecosystems recognizes that A. organisms interact with each other and their environments B. changes occur in any part of a biological community or physical environment C. is one of the youngest of biology's major ideas D. is the backbone of the study of ecology E. all of the other answers

_____22. Which of the following is not a characteristic of life, living things: A. are highly organized entities B. acquire and use energy C. produce offspring similar to themselves D. are either plant or animal E are composed of more than one cell

_____23. "Organisms acquire and utilize energy" is an important tenet of the biological concept of: A. Evolution by natural selection B. Inheritance C. The Cell Theory D. Bioenergetics E. Ecosystems

_____24. The idea of evolution ______Darwin. A. was originated by B. preceded C. was never really considered by D. destroyed the reputation of E. eluded

_____25. An early proposed evolutionary scheme suggested that physical traits acquired by an animal during its lifetime could be passed on to its offspring. Who was responsible for this theory? A. Crick B. Charles Darwin C. Mendel D. Luther E. Lamarck

_____26. What kind of cell is found in multicellular organisms? A. prokaryotes B. bacteria C. eukaryotes D. cyanobacteria

_____27. What words below best describe the movement of molecules directly through the membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration? A. facilitated diffusion B. simple diffusion C. active transport D. passive transport E. simple diffusion and passive transport

_____28. Amino acids are to proteins as ______are to carbohydrates. A. lipids B. monosacharides C. fatty acids D. nucleic acids E. nucleotides _____29. Of the different ways that substances cross cell membranes, which one requires cellular energy? A. diffusion B. active transport C. facilitated diffusion D. endocytosis and exocytosis E. both active transport and endocytosis and exocytosis

USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION TO ANSWER THE NEXT 3 QUESTIONS

A blood cell is placed in 10% salt solution. Its interior is composed of 1% salt.

_____30. The blood cell would probably A. expand and burst open B. shrivel up C. retain its normal shape D. lose its salt

_____31. The concentration of water in this example is A. greater inside the cell than outside B. greater in the immediate environment than in the cell C. equal inside and outside the cell D. not important to the size of the cell

_____32. In this example, the environment is _____to the cell. A. hypertonic B. hypotonic C. isotonic

MULTIPLE CHOICE

_____33. A cell has a nucleus, chloroplast, cell wall and cytoplasm. It is A. prokaryotic plant cell B. a eukaryotic plant cell C. a prokaryotic animal cell D. a eukaryotic animal cell

_____34.This cell structure contains food, water or wastes A. lysosome B. nucleus C. Golgi apparatus D. vacuole

_____35. Jean Lamarck claimed that evolution occurred because of: A. natural selection B. the passing on of acquired traits C. movement of organisms from one place to another D. mutation of genes

_____36. Organisms that can make their own food are called A. consumers B. autotrophic C. heterotrophs D. Both B and C

MATCHING: Some may be used more than once.

A. Kingdom B. Genus C. Species D. Family E. Order

_____37. Most specific of the above taxons

_____38. Composed of many families

_____39. Subdivided into species

_____40. The most general of the above taxons

_____41. Five recognized by most scientists

MULTIPLE CHOICE

_____42. The theory that living things contain cells is called A. Redi's Theory B. cell Theory C. asexual reproduction D. Pasteur's Theory

_____43. All of the following are found in the nucleus EXCEPT A. chromosomes B. ribosomes C. nucleolus D. none of these

_____44. The test of the hypothesis is called the A. data B. theory C. results D. experiment

_____45. The metric unit of mass is the A. pound B. meter C. liter D. gram

MATCHING

A. Protista B. Animal C. Plant D. Fungi E. Eubacteria

_____46. A multicelled heterotroph without cell walls.

_____47. Single celled heterotroph represented by protozoans.

_____48. A multi-celled autotroph.

_____49.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

_____50. Reactions that form water in addition to an organic molecule compounds are? A. triglycerides B. polysaccharides C. proteins D. a and c E. a, b, and c

_____51. Site of cellular respiration: A. lysosome B. mitochondria C. golgi apparatus

_____52.

_____53. Marathon runners and endurance athletes need large stores of available energy to compete. The best way to bulk up their bodies' energy stores is to eat pasta and bread which are made up of mostly A. fats B. proteins C. complex carbohydrates D. nucleic acids E. amino acids

_____ 54. The building block of both starch and glycogen is the simple sugar A. glucose B. sucrose C. adenine D. ribose E. cholesterol

_____55. Nucleotides are molecules made up of a nitrogen-containing bases bound to a 5-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and a phosphate group. They are the building blocks of A. lipids B. DNA C. RNA D. proteins E. both DNA and RNA

_____56. Nucleic acids are unique among biological molecules in their ability to serve as A. hormones B. information storage molecules C. an energy source D. enzymes E. pH indicators

_____57. Energy released by the breakdown of ATP can be used for A. protein synthesis B. muscle contraction C. active transport of molecules across membranes D. all of the above

_____58. Both saturated and unsaturated fats are molecules containing carbon and hydrogen. The difference between them is A. saturated fats also contain nitrogen B. saturated fats contain twice as much carbon as unsaturated fats C. unsaturated fats contain double bonds between some carbon atoms D. saturated fats are liquid at room temperature E. unsaturated fats are solid at room temperature

_____59. Which of the following best describes the general structure of a cell membrane? A. proteins embedded in two layers of phospholipids B. a layer of protein coating a layer of phospholipids C. phospholipids coating two layers of protein

_____60. Movement of molecules in and out of the cell is accomplished by A. transport proteins in the cell membrane B. pores in the nuclear membrane C. lysosomes in the cytoplasm D. the electron transport chain E. viruses infecting the cell

_____61. In individuals whose energy intake is greater than their energy use (who consume more calories than they burn), excess carbohydrates and fats are stored as A. proteins in muscle cells B. triglycerides in fat cells C. nucleic acids in then nucleus D. ATP

_____62. Proteins consist of which of the following units, hooked together with covalent bonds? A. glucose B. amino acids C. cholesterol D. ATP

_____63. Which of the following MUST be present in each amino acid but is NOT present in glucose? A. carbon B. oxygen C. nitrogen D. hydrogen

_____64. Cellulose, such as is found in plant cell walls, consists of which of the following units, hooked together with covalent bonds? A. amino acids B. cholesterols C. glucose D. ATP

_____65. Enzymes are almost always which kind of molecule? A. DNA B. protein C. lipid D. carbohydrate

_____66. About how many distinct kinds of amino acids are there? A. 4 B. 20 C. 100 D. 100,000

_____67. Suppose that you are given a single molecule of a carbohydrate and told that it has 5 Carbon atoms and five Oxygen atoms. How many Hydrogen atoms is it likely to have? A. 1 B. 2 C. 5 D. 10 _____68. Which of the following are the atomic particles that are shared by atoms, thus forming covalent bonds? A. protons B. neutrons C. borons D. electrons

_____69. Which of the following are the atomic particles that are negatively charged? A. protons B. neutrons C. borons D. electrons

_____70. Which of the following are the atomic particles that are positively charged? A. protons B. neutrons C. borons D. electrons TRUE (A) or FALSE (B)

_____71. Water is a polar molecule.

_____72. Lipids help form the cellular membrane

_____73. When using dangerous materials, goggles and aprons are to be worn at all times.

_____74. There are more organisms at the top of the energy pyramid than at the bottom.

_____75. An autotroph makes its own food while heterotrophs cannot.

_____76. Cells are all the same shape and size

_____77. The ratio of surface area to width is an important factor in limiting cell size.

_____78. An elephant has bigger cells than a frog.

MATCHING

A. Robert Hooke B. Rudolf Virchow C. Antony Von Leeuwenhook

_____79. Discovered the cell nucleus.

_____80. Was the first scientist to suggest that all cells came from other cells.

_____81. Coined the term “cells” upon seeing cell walls of cork tissue through a microscope.

_____82.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

_____83. Which of the following best describes the concept of a "scientific theory"? A. An idea or concept that someone happens to have. A starting point for work but not backed up by much evidence. B. An idea or concept that is backed up by a lot of information but is limited by directed observations of what is happening today, not in the past. C. An idea or concept that is backed up by a lot of information, and is the best consensus of people who have spent a lot of time making observations and thinking about a problem.

_____84. Starch consists of which of the following units, hooked together with covalent bonds? A. cholesterol B. ATP C. glucose D. amino acids

_____85. What are humans? A. heterotrophs B. autotrophs C. carnivores D. decomposers

_____86. A scientific hypothesis that has stood the test of time is often referred to as? A. false science B. untested C. a theory D. deductive reasoning

_____87. Algae and unicellular Prokaryotes are found in which of the following Kingdoms? A. animalia B. plantae C. protista D. fungi E. none of the answers is correct

_____88. The number of neutrons does not equal the number of protons in which of the following? A. carbon- 12 B. an isotope C. hydrogen D. an isomer E. none of the answers _____89. The atomic number of an element is? A. number of proton + electrons B. number of neutrons + electrons C. number of electrons D. number of protons

_____90. If the pH of Coke-Cola is 3.0 then it is considered to be? A. an acid B. a base C. neutral D. to have a larger number of OH- ions

_____91. The class of organic molecules that contains a glycerol molecule and 3 long chain hydrocarbon fatty acids is a…? A. nucleotide B. triglyceride C. glycogen D. steroid

TRUE (A) or FALSE (B)

_____92. One of the most significant observations about the interaction of molecules in living systems is that their shape and conformation is critically important to their biological activity and thus helping to define the living condition?

_____93. The structural arrangement of the atoms in water results in it being a molecular dipole with an unequal distribution of electrical charge making one end slightly positive and the other side slightly negative.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

_____94. Which of the following molecules is a disaccharide ? A. adenine B. glucose C. maltose D. ribose

_____95. A nucleotide monomer would be expected to contain which of the following chemical parts? A. a phosphate group B. a nitrogenous base C. a pentose sugar D. all of them

_____96. The functional group represented by the chemical formula [-COOH]is? A. amino group B. carboxyl group C. phosphate groups D. sulfhydryl group

_____97. The linear sequence of amino acids best defines which level of protein structure? A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. quarternary

_____98. The place on the structure of an enzyme where a substrate binds is called ? A. product B. active site C. optimal site D. allosteric site

_____99. The engulfing of aged or damaged organelle by lysosomes within a cell is referred to as…? A. autophagy B. phagocytosis C. pinocytosis D. exocytosis

_____100. Cells appear to lose entropy as they grow and differentiate. This means that they…? A. become more ordered B. become less ordered C. they are at equilibrium D. they are isosmotic. MATCHING

A. Nucleus B. Ribosome C. Cytoplasm D. Mitochondria E. Endoplasmic Reticulum AB. Rough ER AC. Smooth ER AD. Nucleolus AE. Centrioles BC. Cell Wall BD. Vacuole CD. Golgi Apparatus CE. Cell Membrane DE. Nuclear Membrane ABC. Chloroplast ABCD. Lysosomes

_____101. “Gatekeeper” of the cell

_____102. Provides support and cell structure in plants

_____103. Made of RNA and protein

_____104. Surrounds the nucleus

_____105. Surrounds all organelles

_____106. Breaks down broken organelles or wastes

_____107. Responsible for transport of materials in the cell

_____108. Has ribosome’s attached

_____119. Makes energy usable for the cell

_____110. 1 pair in animal cells. Needed for cellular replication

_____111. Sorts, packages, and ships materials in the cell

_____112. Uses sun’s energy to make sugar in plants

_____113. Responsible for transport, doesn’t have ribosomes attached. Also aids in detoxification.

_____114. Large organelle that contains mostly water

_____115. Makes proteins. MATCH THE FOLLOWING ORGANELLE TO THEIR LOCATION IN THE CELL

A. Nucleus B. Mitochondria C. Endoplasmic Reticulum D. Golgi Apparatus E. Cell Membrane AB. Nuclear Membrane AC. Lysosomes AD. Cytoplasm

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