Chapter 30 Focus Questions

Chapter 30 Focus Questions:

Essay question: Describe the dominant political, cultural, and social themes of American literature in the 1920s. Explain why these literary themes and modernism captured the cultural zeitgeist of the 1920s.

Objective Questions:

1) What event caused President Wilson to break diplomatic relations with Germany?

2) What was the Zimmermann note?

3) Why did the US declare war on Germany?

4) How did Wilson persuade the American people to enter WWI?

5) Wilson viewed America’s entry into WWI as an opportunity for the US to shape what?

6) What were Wilson’s Fourteen Points for Peace (summarize but know the important parts)?

7) Who was George Creel, what committee did he head, and what was its job?

8) Who headed each of the following agencies during World War I and what was the function of each agency: War Industries Board; Food Administration; National War Labor Board?

9) How well prepared was the US to fight in a global war when we first entered World War I?

10) What laws were passed during World War I to limit civil liberties?

11) What were German-Americans (who were generally loyal citizens) subjected to during the war? (4)

12) Describe the prosecutions under the Espionage Act and the Sedition act? (multiple)

13) What two groups suffered most from the violation of civil liberties during WWI?

14) Most wartime mobilization agencies primarily relied on what to prepare the economy for war?

15) During WWI, the government’s treatment of labor could best be described as what?

16) What were the grievances of labor during and shortly after WWI? (4)

17) What did the enormous nationwide steel strike of 1919 cause to happen to labor unions?

18) What happened in the North due to the movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks to that area

19) What was the 18th Amendment?

20) What was the 19th Amendment – and why was it passed during the war?

21) Now that they had the right to vote, what did feminists press for in the decade after the war?

22) What was the Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act and what did it demonstrate about the Federal govt?

23) Two examples of forceful federal government action to organize the nation for war were what?

24) Most of the money raised to finance WWI came from what?

25) What methods did the US use to support the war effort (not just money)? (4) 26) When the US entered the war in 1917, most Americans did not believe that we had to send what to Europe?

27) How did the military draft generally work especially compared to the Civil War draft?

28) Why did the US feel that they had to resort to the draft?

29) For the first time in WWI women were allowed to do what?

30) How did the withdrawal of Russia from World War I impact the war?

31) What did the entry of the US into the war mean for German military strategists?

32) What impact did American forces have on the outcome of World War I?

33) What were the TWO major battles in WWI in which US forces were engaged?

34) Why was the Second Battle of the Marne significant?

35) What condition did Wilson lay down to Germany in order to begin peace negotiations late in the war?

36) Other than supplying fresh troops, what other contributions did America make to the Allied Powers victory?

37) Describe the efforts and treatments of black soldiers during WWI.

38) What about the US seemed to heavily demoralize the Germans?

39) How did the Parliamentary leaders of Britain, France, and Italy have a major advantage over Wilson when it came to negotiation strength? (Hint – checks and balances)

40) What were Wilson’s major goals at the Paris Peace Conference? (4)

41) But what was his ULTIMATE goal at the Paris Peace Conference?

42) How did Senate opposition to the League of Nations affect Wilson’s bargaining position at the Paris Peace Conference?

43) How did both US liberals and imperialists react to the Treaty of Versailles?

44) What was the most controversial part of the Treaty of Versailles in the US?

45) How did Henry Cabot Lodge effectively stall the Treaty of Versailles?

46) Senate opponents of the League of Nations, as proposed in the Treaty of Versailles, argued that it robbed Congress of what?

47) What political group offered the most reliable support for Wilson’s position on the League of Nations?

48) The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the League of Nation if Wilson would have been willing to do what?

49) What did Warren Harding’s 1920 presidential victory mean for the League of Nations?