The Columbian Exchange s1

The Columbian Exchange Define:______

Type of organism “Old World”/Europe traded: “New World”/Americas traded: camel cat alpaca cattle /cow chickens turkey Domesticated donkey goose guinea pig goat honey bee llama animals horse mouse American Mink (furs) pig rabbit North American Beavers (furs) rat sheep black pepper apples cashew, peanut, pecan bananas blueberry chicle (chewing gum base) barley cantaloupe chili peppers (including bell pepper) cabbage cinnamon cocoa / chocolate coffee cucumber maize (corn) citrus fruits garlic squash (including pumpkin) Domesticated plants lettuce oats cassava Beans onion peach papaya vanilla pear rice pineapple tomato rye wheat potato sweet potato sugar tea rubber tobacco turnip olive strawberry cranberries cholera (deadly) Chagas' disease influenza (deadly) syphilis (deadly) malaria (deadly) yaws measles (deadly) yellow fever (American variety - deadly) Bubonic plague (deadly) Infectious diseases scarlet fever (deadly) sleeping sickness (coma inducing) smallpox (deadly) tuberculosis (deadly) typhoid fever (deadly) yellow fever (African variety -deadly) Source: Alfred Crosby. The Columbian Exchange. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1975. Questions: 1. Identify a key plant, animal, and disease that only the New World had and only the Old World had. Explain why these animals, plants and diseases might have a large impact on the continent that they will be brought to. Animals: ______Foods: ______Diseases: ______2. Consider food dishes that would not exist had European and American plants/animals not been combined. Create a list of at least 3 dishes that would not exist if the Columbian Exchange had not taken place. 1. 2. 3.

3. Consider the differences between the infectious diseases indigenous to each region. How do you think disease will affect the colonization process? (explain your reasoning using details from the chart) Some diseases you may not have heard of before:

Sleeping sickness: Sleeping sickness is infection with organisms carried by certain flies. It results in swelling of the brain. Infection leads to drowsiness during the day, but insomnia at night. Sleep becomes uncontrollable as the disease gets worse, and eventually leads to coma.

Chagas disease: Chagas disease is an illness spread by insects (related to the insects that cause sleeping sickness). It is common in South and Central America. The early stage of infection is usually just swelling of the eye and of the insect bite. The later stage leads to difficulty in swallowing, intestinal blockage, abdominal pain, and inability to digest food properly.

Yaws: Yaws is a long-term (chronic) infection that mainly affects the skin, bones, and joints. In later years, Yaws causes swelling of the fingers and bones, malformed bones, bone pain, and possibly disfigurement.

Yellow Fever: Yellow Fever is a viral infection that causes a fever (and other flu like symptoms), then organ failure (kidney, liver, brain), seizures, hemorrhaging, and death.

The Triangular Trade developed out of the Columbian Exchange

From> >To Europe: cash, finished goods Africa and Americas Americas: raw materials, cash crops, food Europe Africa: slaves Americas