Aztlán Cup Packet 4: Anthony Dejesus

AZTLÁN CUP PACKET 4: ANTHONY DEJESUS TOSSUPS:

1. In this poem, the author describes himself as "a kosmos, of Manhattan the son, / Turbulent, fleshy, sensual, eating, drinking and breeding." Section 34 describes the Alamo while section 35 describes fighting at sea with Paul Jones. The poet refers often to his soul, although he also claims to be the poet of the body in the 52 sections of this work summing up the personal understanding of the author. For 10 points--name this Walt Whitman poem, the longest in Leaves of Grass. ANSWER: Song of Myself or Poem of Walt Whitman, An American

2. One consequence of it is that one can take a sphere of radius one, divide it into five subsets, and recombine then into two spheres of radius one, according to Banach and Tarski. Both Cohen and Gödel showed that both it and its denial are consistent with set theory. For 10 points--name this principle first noted by Peano which holds that one can make a new set by taking one element from every set in a collection of sets. ANSWER: axiom of choice

3. Although once published in a Georgian anthology, he used a pseudonym when attacking the Georgian poets in "The Marmosite's Miscellany." He later attacked Yeats, Eliot, and Pound in "These Be Your Gods, O Israel," as he became anti-Modernist in his later years. He leaned mythological in such poems as "Leda" and "Ulysses," and in his attempt to examine the worldwide myth of the Great Mother in The White Goddess. For 10 points--name this author of historical novels such as I, Claudius. ANSWER: Robert Graves

4. His son Eumelus brought what were said to be the fastest horses at the Trojan War. With the help of Apollo, he gained his wife by yoking a lion and boar to a chariot. This because he had been a kind master when the god was made to serve him to atone for killing the Cyclops. Best known for his faithful wife, this is--for 10 points--what king of Pherae whose queen, Alcestis, agreed to die in his place only to be saved by Heracles? ANSWER: Admetus

5. His father was from Küstrin, in modern-day Poland, and he quickly got experience in the banking world, establishing a firm with Thellusson. He served for a time as director of the French East India Company, and among his notable feats in office was the quelling of the rebellion of the Dauphiné by legalizing its assembly. His first of many dismissals from office came after he published his Compte Rendu in 1781, and he was ousted again in 1786, and most famously on July 11, 1789, an event which led to the storming of the Bastille. FTP, name this Swiss born finance minister during the reign of Louis XVI. ANSWER: Jacques Necker

6. The Pitiusas, including Ibiza and Formentera, are the western group of islands that are part of this archipelago. Considered an extension of the sub-Baetic Mountains, they share their name with a similarly delineated province and autonomous community with its capital at Palma. For ten points, what group of islands in the Mediterranean are owned by Spain and include Cabrera, Minorca, and Majorca? ANSWER: Balearic Islands or Islas Baleares

7. He died in a shipwreck near the island of Zacynthus on his way home from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. His most famous work was illustrated by Jan van Calcar, a pupil of Titian, and was written after he became dismissive of Galen, who he concluded had only worked with animals. Later appointed as physician in the house of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, this is--for 10 points--what Flemish doctor whose De Humani Corporis Fabrica was based on his dissections of cadavers? ANSWER: Andreas Vesalius

8. His play Cabal of Hypocrites was based on the life of Molière, but was banned after seven performances. Another play, based on his first novel The White Guard, was The Day of the Turbans and was also banned by the Communist Party. His manuscripts were saved by his widow Elena Sergeevna, including a novel begun in 1928 but published well after his 1940 death. For 10 points--name this Russian author of The Master and Margarita. ANSWER: Mikhail Afanasievich Bulgakov 9. In 1854 he traveled to Palestine to get an authentic setting for religious paintings such as The Scapegoat and The Finding of Christ in the Temple. Other religious works include The Light of the World. He took many subjects from literature, such as Isabella and the Pot of Basil and The Lady of Shallot. For 10 points--name this English painter who founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood with Dante Gabriel Rosetti and John Everett Millais. ANSWER: William Holman Hunt

10. Yellow Hand modified it to reflect Christian influences. Differing from tribe to tribe in focus and emphasis, it usually lasts for four days of fasting. Highly respected are those participants with scars from using skewers to pull back skin on their chests or backs. For 10 points--name this ceremony of the Native Americans of the Plains, a midsummer dance that focuses upward. ANSWER: Sun Dance

11. In 1929, he succeeded Arturo Toscanini as musical director of La Scala in Milan, and wrote the opera Nerone, which glorified Mussolini. While he tried to revive the commedia in La maschere, he is better known as an exponent of the verismo style of opera. His best-known work, featuring characters such as Alfio, village girls Lola and Santuzza, and the soldier Turiddu, is based on a Sicilian melodrama by Giovanni Verga. For 10 points--name this composer of Cavalleria Rusticana. ANSWER: Pietro Mascagni (mah-SKAHN-yee)

12. Harlow Sharpley established a more systemic relationship between two of their properties, while Walter Baade divided them into two populations. The first inkling of any relationship between their properties was deduced by Henrietta Leavitt, who found that there was a relationship between light intensity and the period of variation. For 10 points--name these yellow and orange supergiants that can be used to determine astronomical distances. ANSWER: Cepheid variables

13. When hydrogen bromide is added to a carbon-carbon double bond, the Markovnikov orientation of the halogenated product is determined by the presence or absence of these compounds, which break down into free radicals in the reaction. Storage of aliphatic ethers can be dangerous because the ethers slowly convert into unstable forms of these compounds in the presence of oxygen, gaining an oxygen-oxygen single bond. For 10 points--what class of chemical compounds shares its name with the O2 2- ion? ANSWER: peroxides

14. Although this company tried to diversify by acquiring the Apex One clothing line in 1995, it went bankrupt in 2001 and was bought by one of its competitors in 2003. While Jack Purcell is the namesake of one of its classic products, it really became big when an Akron Firestones basketball player redesigned another product which has now been sold in upwards of 750 million pairs. For ten points, what company made the canvas-based Chuck Taylor All Stars? ANSWER: Converse Inc. [Originally founded as the Converse Robber Co., Converse is now owned by Nike.]

15. As a result of this meeting, England received Cyprus, Greece received Thessaly, and Austria gained control over Bosnia-Herzegovina, while Russia acquired Kars, Ardahan, and Batum and regained Bessarabia. Bulgaria was given autonomy while Serbia, Rumania, and Montenegro had their independence recognized. For 10 points-name this 1878 conference to renegotiate the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano, hosted by the “honest broker” Otto von Bismarck. ANSWER: Congress of Berlin

16. With Agostinho Neto, he formed an organization intended to end colonialism in Africa and led that group, PAIGC, into a war against the Portuguese. He formed an independent provisional government in Conakry, but was assassinated in 1973. For 10 points--name this Guinean independence leader who shares his last name with the admiral of King Manuel I who was the first European to reach Brazil. ANSWER: Amilcar Cabral

17. After playing at George Washington University, he coached St. Alban's Prep and Roosevelt High. As a 28-year old, he jumped to the pro coaching ranks, leading the Washington Caps to the best record in the BAA's first season. He next moved to the Tri-Cities Blackhawks, where he had his only losing record in the first season of the NBA. Moving east, he initially passed on drafting a local Holy Cross star, who he later acquired when the Chicago Stags were dissolved. For 10 points--what coach's first huge star was Bob Cousy on the Boston Celtics? ANSWER: Arnold "Red" Auerbach

18. While in a restaurant with a former lover, this character meets and seems to be interested in Allison, the ex's next ex who owes this character's ex $50. She had been wondering what Mona, her most recent ex-girlfriend, saw in one of her ex's friends, causing Mona to switch from lesbianism. She also strays from the Sapphic road, becoming engaged to the aforementioned ex. Played by Heidi Swedberg, this is--for 10 points--what character poisoned by the cheap glue on envelopes for invitations to her wedding to George Costanza? ANSWER: Susan Ross

19. During his lifetime he only published two volumes of poetry: Limits and Heavensgate. An opponent of Negritude, he once refused a poetry prize because he felt that a prize racially exclusive to black writers was “quite absurd.” After his death, his collected poems were published as Labyrinths with Path of Thunder. For 10 points-- name this Nigerian author who planned to start a publishing house with Chinua Achebe, but who was killed while fighting for Biafra during the Biafran war for independence. ANSWER: Christopher (Ifeanyichukwu) Okigbo

20. Applications of this test include Guzick v. Drebus and Board of Education v. James. Put forth in an opinion written by Abe Fortas that railed against "enclaves of totalitarianism," it has two prongs, permitting those activities which do not "collid[e] with the rights of others" and which do not "materially and substantially" interfere with "appropriate discipline." For 10 points-what legal test named for the 1965 case allowed two Iowa high school students to wear armbands in protest of the Vietnam War? ANSWER: Tinker test [Accept Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District]

21. It is not observed in elements with even atomic numbers, because the nuclei have a spin quantum number of zero. Causing an effect similar to the isotope shift--which rarely occurs without the additional presence of this phenomenon-- it is so small as to not be observable by a normal spectroscope. Its genesis lay in an atomic nucleus spinning about its own axis and not the electron spin. For 10 points--what splitting of a spectral line is even smaller than the fine structure? ANSWER: hyperfine structure

22. Although he is warned by the French lord Lafew, he continues to trust his cowardly follower Parolles. The Count of Rossillion, he gets caught up in his lies with the young maid Diana. His ring and child are gotten by wife, who gained him by healing the king. For 10 points--name this cad who promises to love Helena dearly at the end of All's Well that End's Well. ANSWER: Bertram

23. Its weak form was studied by Alfred Bloom, who once tested the ability of some Chinese people to understand counterfactual statements, or statements that concern the implications as a result of unreal, hypothetical situations. Chinese language does not contain counterfactuals, but English does, and Bloom noted that bilingual speakers used them in English but not Chinese. For 10 points--name this belief that language determines a perception of reality. ANSWER: Sapir-Whorf hypothesis or linguistic relativity hypothesis

AZTLÁN CUP PACKET 4: ANTHONY DEJESUS BONUSES:

1. Given an ignominious stat, tell who led the National League and the American League in it in 2003, for five points for one and fifteen points for both. A. Pitching losses. ANSWER: Jeff D'Amico, Mike Maroth B. Strikeout by a batter. ANSWER: Jim Thome, Jason Giambi (prompt on Giambi) 2. For 10 points each--name these A. E. Housman poems that mention death: A. This poem begins by mentioning "the time you won your town the race," but quickly moves on to death. ANSWER: To an Athlete Dying Young B. This dialogue has a dead man asking his friend about his home, football, and the dead man's sweetheart. ANSWER: Is My Team Plowing C. The addressee is told that he eats his victuals fast enough in this poem that ends by mentioning the tale that "Mithradates, he died old." ANSWER: Terence, This Is Stupid Stuff

3. Name these radical Puritan groups, for 10 points each. A. Founded by George Fox, this group's tenets include the Inner Light. They later established the colony of Pennsylvania. ANSWER: Quakers or Society of Friends B. This group at first hoped that the English Civil War would lead to an era when Christ would reign on Earth, following the tenures of the Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. ANSWER: Fifth Monarchy Men C. Gerrard Winstanley and William Everard led this group of agrarian communists, also known as the True Levelers, who felt that land should be given to the poor to farm on. ANSWER: Diggers

4. For 10 points each--name these ancillary victims of assassination attempts: A. Gun control nuts have found a champion in this Ronald Reagan press secretary who was also shot by John Hinckley. ANSWER: James Brady B. This Texas governor was also wounded by Lee Harvey Oswald during the assassination of JFK. ANSWER: John Bowden Connally, Jr. C. This Chicago mayor was mortally wounded in a 1933 assassination attempt on FDR ANSWER: Anton Cermak

5. It claims that all previous philosophers have erred by seeking "primacy," an absolute starting point in metaphysics and epistemology. For 10 points each-- A. Name this 1966 German work concerned with reification. ANSWER: Negative Dialectics or Negative Dialektik B. What thinker wrote Negative Dialectics and also joined with Max Horkheimer to write Dialectic of Enlightenment? ANSWER: Theodor Adorno C. Both Adorno and Horkheimer were members of the Marxist school of thought associated with the university of this city that was also the birthplace of Goethe. ANSWER: Frankfurt am Main

6. It focuses on the personal, subjective meanings attached to things and concepts. For 10 points each-- A. Name this traditional theory of human interaction championed by George Herbert Mead and Charles Cooley. ANSWER: symbolic interactionism B. Charles Cooley used this term to describe how our sense of self develops by using one another as mirrors. ANSWER: looking glass self C. Also associated with symbolic interactionism is this pragmatic philosopher who focused on education in The School and Society. ANSWER: John Dewey

7. For ten points each, identify the following about the work of Praxiteles. A. A copy of this work was discovered in the ruins of the Temple of Hera at Olympia. It depicts two gods, one in early childhood. ANSWER: Hermes and the Infant Dionysus (accept Hermes Holding the Infant Dionysus or equivalents that contain the names of both Hermes and Dionysus) B. A depiction of a goddess preparing to bathe, it was the first major female nude sculpture by a Greek artist. ANSWER: Aphrodite of Knidos C. Praxiteles’ Resting Satyr can be found in The Marble Faun, a novel by this 19th century author. ANSWER: Nathaniel Hawthorne

8. For ten points--each-name two books and their author. A. This three-olume 1968 work, based on a ten-year study, held that Western foreign aid is generally a marginal factor and that "soft governments," which are too weak to address problems such as population and land distribution, were barriers to economic development in underdeveloped countries of a certain region. ANSWER: Asian Drama: An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations B. Written with a group of scholars, including Ralph Bunche, this two-volume 1944 work analyzed American race relations. ANSWER: An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and American Democracy C. Asian Drama and An American Dilemma were written by what Swedish economist? ANSWER: Gunnar Myrdal

9. Name these characters from The Golden Ass of Apuleius, for 10 points each. A. An old hag tells the story of this woman to Charites, who has been kidnapped from her wedding. Apuleius retells how this woman marries Cupid and is eventually given immortality to soothe her mother-in-law. ANSWER: Psyche B. In a tale told by Aristomenes, this man, who shares his name with a philosopher, has his throat cut and his heart removed, with his blood caught in a bladder and a sponge placed in his throat wound. He seems fine until he leans over to drink from a stream; the sponge falls out and he dies. ANSWER: Socrates C. When Lucius is in the form of an ass, this non-Greek goddess causes him to become man again by getting a priest to carry a rose garland in a parade and feeding the flowers to Lucius. ANSWER: Isis

10. For 10 points each--on which river do these European capitals lie: A. Berlin, Germany. ANSWER: Spree River B. Dublin, Ireland. ANSWER: Liffey River C. Lisbon, Portugal. ANSWER: Tagus River or Tago or Tajo or Tejo

11. For 10 points each--name these scientists associated with isotopes: A. This English winner of the 1921 Nobel Prize in Chemistry originated the idea of isotopes. ANSWER: Frederick Soddy B. Some trace the concept of isotopes to research done by this Englishman better known for inventing the cathode ray tube. ANSWER: Sir William Crookes C. This man helped separate uranium isotopes in the Manhattan project and showed that tritium was produced by cosmic radiation, but his best-known work was developing carbon-14 dating. ANSWER: Willard Libby

12. For 10 points each--name these Mozart symphonies. A. Commissioned by the Concert Spirituel, this 31st symphony of Mozart played towards the tastes of the French and included one of the earliest appearances of clarinets in a symphony. ANSWER: “Paris” Symphony or K. 297 B. Written for an all-Mozart concert in its namesake Boehmian location, this symphony’s premiere was received so enthusiastically that Mozart had to improvise at the piano to satisfy the crowd. ANSWER: Prague Symphony or Symphony No. 38 in D major or K. 504 C. Written in C major, it is the 41st and final symphony by Mozart. ANSWER: Jupiter Symphony

13. For 10 points each--name these regions of a lake: A. In this upper zone, there is sufficient light for photosynthesis. ANSWER: photic zone B. This region of rapid temperature change lies between a uniformly warm upper layer and a uniformly cold bottom layer. ANSWER: thermocline C. Floating plants tend to occupy these shallow, well-lighted, warmer waters closer to shore. ANSWER: littoral zone

14. In April 2002 his decomposing body was found in his Seattle apartment. His heroin and cocaine overdose most likely occurred exactly eight years after the death of Kurt Cobain. For 10 points each-- A. Name this grunge musician. ANSWER: Layne Staley B. Name Layne Staley's band, whose songs include "Man in a Box," "Would?" and "No Excuses." ANSWER: Alice in Chains C. In 1995, Staley took part in this grunge supergroup along with Pearl Jam guitarist Mike McCready and several members of Screaming Trees. Their work includes the song "River of Deceit" and the album Above. ANSWER: Mad Season

15. For 10 points each--name these victories of Julius Caesar: A. After this August 48 BC victory, the losing Pompey fled on a ship to Egypt where Ptolemy executed him. ANSWER: Battle of Pharsalus B. This defeat of King Pharnaces II of Bosporus, was reported to Rome with the words "Veni, vidi, vici." ANSWER: Battle of Zela C. This defeat of Pompey's supporters in present-day Tunisia led to Caesar being made dictator for ten more years and Cato the Younger committing suicide. ANSWER: Battle of Thapsus

16. For 10 points each--name these things concerning superfluidity: A. Superfluidity is predicted by this statistical distribution that differs only by a sign in the denominator from the Fermi-Dirac distribution and which shares its name with a type of condensate. ANSWER: Bose-Einstein distribution B. Helium-4 becomes superfluidic at 2.18 kelvins, also known as this point, named for a Greek letter, at which its heat-capacity curve diverges logarithmically. ANSWER: lambda point/transition C. Superfluidity was discovered in 1938 by this Soviet scientist. ANSWER: Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa

17. Name these James Baldwin novels, for 10 points each. A. Baldwin’s first novel, its protagonist, John Grimes, is an illegitimate child who wrestles with his homosexual leanings. ANSWER: Go Tell It on the Mountain B. Baldwin’s second novel, it concerns David, a white American in Paris. His homosexual Italian lover is executed for killing a man who wanted sexual favors from him. ANSWER: Giovanni’s Room C. Not surprisingly, this 1962 novel contains homosexual relationships. Among the lovers of the black jazzman Rufus Scott are the white Southerner Leona, whom he abuses, and Eric, a white actor from the South. ANSWER: Another Country

18. Name these Ionesco plays, for 10 points each. A. This 1950 play has dialogue consisting of small talk between two members of the English middle class who discover they are married. ANSWER: The Bald Soprano or La Cantatrice chauve B. This play takes its name from the objects that fill up the stage. Characters include an elderly couple who commit suicide and an orator with aphasia who speaks nonsense. ANSWER: The Chairs or Les Chaises C. This 1959 satire of the rise of Hitler involves various people turning into the title creature. ANSWER: Le Rhinocéros

19. For 10 points each--name these non-eponymous temperature points: A. This is the temperature and pressure at which a substance's liquid and solid phases become indistinguishable. ANSWER: critical point B. This is the lowest temperature at which a petroleum product, such as gasoline, will burn. ANSWER: flash point C. The glass transition temperature occurs around this point at which viscosity is equal to 10^13.4 poise. It shares its name with the heat treatment for softening or stress-relieving a material such as in the heating a metal and holding it at a certain temperature to improve ductility and reduce brittleness. ANSWER: annealing point

20. Name these things concerning guys named Abbas, for 10 points each. A. Abbas Hilmi Pasha, or Abbas II of Egypt, was the last to hold this hereditary title as the Ottoman Empire's viceroy in Egypt which was replaced by sultan when the British took over. ANSWER: khedive B. Abbas was the eldest son and successor of Mirza Husayn Ali. Mirza Husayn claiming to be the divine manifestation foretold by the Babin founding this universal religion. ANSWER: Baha'i C. The Safavid shah Abbas the Great made his capital in this Iranian city. Once ancient Aspadana, and once the eastern capital of the Seljuk Turks, it was also the place where Tamerlane built towers out of skulls after killing 70,000 people in 1387. ANSWER: Isfahan or Esfahan

21. Name these authors of 20th century American historical fiction, on a 15-5 basis. A. [15] Lee Harvey Oswald’s third shot misses completely and Raymo fires the fatal shot from behind a wooden fence atop the Grassy Knoll, in one novel by this man. [5] In addition to Libra, this post-modern author wrote Mao II and Underworld. ANSWER: Dom _DeLillo_ B. [15] The narrator Charles Schuyler takes down the memoirs of the title figure in his novel Burr, which fabricates a charge of incest with the title figure’s daughter, Theodosia, as a pretext for a famous duel. [5] He is better known for Myra Breckenridge. ANSWER: Gore Vidal