Prosperity and Livelihood Project Experience

“Prosperity and Livelihood” Project Experience BOLIVIA

USAID Assessment of Alternative Development Strategies

The assessment included the review of original development hypotheses, addressed the current counter-narcotics program requirements of the Mission (within the context of the Government of Bolivia’s defined priorities) and underlying development and political conditions. Designed and implemented a workshop for the Mission team to share findings and recommendations and discuss modifications and adjustments to alternative development strategies deemed essential to achieving stated objectives.

CARIBBEAN

USAID/Caribbean Regional Program, Barbados and Antigua.

The evaluation considered program reporting indicators within the context of USAID Strategic Objectives pertaining to trade initiatives. Recommendations provided for U.S. State Department’s Operational Program with an emphasis on the Eastern Caribbean’s eco-agriculture and biodiversity initiatives.

CENTRAL ASIA

Evaluation of USAID Enterprise Development Project

Evaluation of USAID Participatory Training Project

Two regional projects implemented in the five countries of Central Asia were evaluated based on the effectiveness of approaches used in promoting the growth of Central Asian small and medium enterprises.

Technical assistance delivered through twelve USAID Enterprise Development Centers (five centers in Kazakhstan, two in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan and one in Turkmenistan) were assessed in relation to the objective of enhancing the productivity and competitiveness of local companies to compete in domestic, regional and international markets

The 10-year long participatory training activities throughout the region, that contributed to four USAID strategic objectives, were evaluated.

U. S. Trade and Development Agency Feasibility Study for Sawmill and Lumber Remanufacturing Operation

Performed a feasibility study of a project to construct a $60 million sawmill and lumber remanufacturing operation in Talca, Chile. Analysis included economic, financial and technical features reflecting the project’s impact on and the growth potential of the Chilean wood products industry in overseas markets. The potential for exports of U.S. equipment was analyzed. The project had an initial 100,000 cu. M. capacity and draw on an already developed pine plantation. The project displayed favorable economic, financial and technical features reflecting the growth potential for the Chilean wood products industry in overseas markets. The project secured financing of equity capital and EXIM Bank loans covering the purchase of US-supplied capital equipment, and additional financial sources. The project would assist the U.S. wood products equipment manufacturing industry in gaining.

COLOMBIA

USAID Alternative Development Program Design

Program design took place when the region’s agricultural sector had exacerbated problems related to depressed coffee prices and the devaluation of the Colombian peso. The region is a transit route for Colombian drugs and weapons, and for refugees and displaced people. The program design focused on increasing incomes and employment for small- and medium-sized farmers by strengthening the competitiveness of rural enterprises through improved farm-to-market linkages in selected sectors and improving the region’s long neglected productive and social infrastructure. Prepared a program design document analyzing four areas: productive agriculture and livestock enterprise designs; natural resource management plans; physical/social infrastructure and services; and the structure and capabilities of implementing institutions.

EAST TIMOR / TIMOR-LESTE

Evaluation of Office of Transition Initiatives Programs The evaluation examined the entirety of OTI’s experience, including its work with local and international non- governmental organizations, local media outlets, the UN Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET), other donors, and East Timor Government authorities. The evaluation also reviewed OTI’s evolving management structure and overall program implementation. Attention was paid to programs that had not been the subject of a separate evaluations: media, civil society and governance, economic recovery, and rule of law programs.

ECUADOR

Evaluation of USAID Northern Borders Program

Assessment of the USAID Income and Employment Generation Project for the Northern Border Region (PRONORTE), administered in collaboration with Unidad de Desarrollo Norte (UDENOR) of the Government of Ecuador.

Ecuador relies on the production and export of a few commodities including oil, bananas, shrimp and flowers. Most people depend on agriculture or agribusiness-related rural enterprises. The region is a transit route for Colombian drugs and weapons and for a large number of refugees. Low rates of investment, a lack of rural credit for agricultural financing coupled with increased pressure on existing natural resources heighten problems. While trade agreements show promise of opening new market opportunities. Small and medium agribusinesses seek ways to compete in these markets.

Program results were assessed against the objective to increase incomes and employment for small and medium farmers in six diverse northern border provinces by strengthening the competitiveness of rural enterprises through improved farm-to-market linkages in selected sectors.

EL SALVADOR

CAFTA-DR

Environment and Labor Excellence Program

Assisted CAFTA-DR countries comply with environmental and labor commitments by focusing on one facet of a multi- faceted program: Alliances to Improve Labor and Environmental Standards, a combined CAFTA-DR labor and environment initiative to improve the adoption of voluntary labor and environmental standards and certification schemes through the development of alliances with national, regional and international supermarkets and chains and other major buyers and their supply chains.

Participated in working group meetings in San Salvador to develop an Action Plan. Participated in discussions with sub-sector consultants pertaining to value chain analysis and market analysis of proposed subsectors: cattle- slaughterhouses, sugar, fruit and vegetables, lobsters and mahi-mahi.

Wrote report: “Producer and Employee Equity Ownership in Value Chain Alliances to Promote Compliance of Labor and Environment Standards in CAFTA-DR Countries,” which included: 1) analysis of US market trends and demands for certified products and demand for targeted certified products; 2) potential US wholesale/retail partners; 3) recommendations for alliance models and strategies and how each is to be implemented; 4) stakeholders concerns; 5) other potential subsectors for subsequent alliances. ETHIOPIA

USAID Evaluation of the AMARA Agriculture Program

USAID Watershed Management Needs Assessment

Provided training and implemented a management and process assessment of the Amhara State Agricultural Extension Service.

Strategic policy and interventions to stimulate sustainable change in watershed protection and management were assessed. Institutional strategies to improve coordination and operational performance within the ministries and regional and local agencies responsible for natural resource protection and management were developed. Recommendations were made to provide greater focus, funding and leverage for critical technical support services to rural residents living in watershed areas.

GUATEMALA

USAID Carbon Sequestration and Sustainable Coffee Project

Participated in an evaluation of a five-year, $25 million program promoting increased effectiveness in regional stewardship of the environment and key natural resources in target areas and provided a review of a proposed carbon sequestration and sustainable coffee project. Additionally, reviewed a carbon sequestration and sustainable coffee proposal submitted to the U.S. Initiative on Joint Implementation (USIJI); prepared a report used by the USIJI Evaluation Panel to evaluate proposals for acceptance into the USIJI program; and led discussions of projects and proposals in the review meeting.

INDONESIA

USAID University and Parliamentary Program Evaluation

The evaluation addressed the effectiveness, impact, sustainability, performance and financial monitoring of the program, links to the intermediate results of the USAID/Indonesia Economic Growth Strategic Objective and the question of whether the activity should be continued in its present form as a cooperative agreement or as a contract. The evaluation included: 1) determination of the extent to which the activity achieved its purposes; 2) compilation of success stories and lessons learned; 3) improving the activity during USAID-determined follow-on work.

USAID Iraq Private Sector Development and Employment Generation Project

Non-oil state-owned enterprises (SOEs) account for an estimated 15 to 20% percent of GDP. UN sanctions and little new investment or equipment maintenance contributed to steep production declines. Post-war unemployment rates average 70 percent and half the population is dependent on foreign supplied food, largely through the UNDP Oil-for- Food Program. A small-scale, largely informal, private sector emerged to fill gaps created by SOEs’ reduced production of goods and services. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have formed to meet demands for consumer durables and non-durables and to provide infrastructure services in water and wastewater that SOE utilities cannot meet due to degraded, war-damaged capital stock.

Technical assistance:1) lowering the share of scarce resources allocated by GoI, raising the share allocated to private markets; 2) implementing international best practices aimed at improving the policy-enabling environment for private sector-led growth; 3) developing policies, regulations, administrative procedures and institutions with the most direct impact on the ability of foreign and smaller Iraqi private-sector firms to invest and grow businesses.

Technical assistance focused on developing capacity in technical and institutional areas related to private sector development and general policy initiatives to respond to unanticipated demands in a fluid environment. Training and capacity building were provided to staff of GoI ministries and focused on policy reforms activities to leverage and collaborate appropriately with private sector firms. IRAQ

USAID/Iraq Economic Governance Activity

Commercial Law and Institutional Reform – Alternative Commercial Dispute Resolution Research and Training

Existing Iraq laws and regulations governing alternative dispute resolution – whether through mediation, conciliation, arbitration or other similar informal, non-judicial processes – including any applicable judicial rules of procedures for enforcing alternative dispute resolution decisions were researched and documented.

Met and consulted with senior officials at the Judiciary, Iraq Ministry of Justice, Iraqi Union of Engineers, Federation of Iraqi Industries, Iraqi Bar, chambers of commerce and other civil society stakeholders.

Surveyed principal impediments that local and foreign business persons and investors face in resolving their commercial disputes informally (non-judicially). The impact and role of local tribal customs and Islamic law (Shari’a) were assessed.

JORDAN, IRAQ, TURKEY

USAID Economic Governance Activity and UNDP “Oil for Food Program”

Technical Assistance to Iraq Ministry of Electricity

UNDP Oil for Food Contracts and Material Management

Responsible for UNDP Oil For Food Program USD 1 billion portfolio of incoming product for the Iraq Ministry of Electricity and subordinate organizations; power stations, transmission groups, and maintenance organizations. Managed the shipment of goods from international suppliers to Free Trade Zones in Turkey and Jordan and to forty- eight warehouses across Iraq. Backlog of contracts inherited from UNDP program was matriculated from over 900 to fewer than 100 contracts.

Under the direction of the CPA, managed all elements of the UNDP Oil for Food Electricity Sector Program and the development of the Ministry of Electricity capacity which included tracking and reporting on all tasks and coordinating all elements of the program through a Joint Operations Center.

Senior Iraqi counterparts were briefed on coalition policy, good governance, information technology strategies, financial ramifications of actions and international trade law compliance. All Iraqi counterparts were advised on policy, ethical response, best practice governance, information technology strategies, financial ramifications of actions and international trade law compliance.

The scope of work was expanded at the request of the Coalition Provisional Authority to include the provision of capacity building and contract administration training and services across seven additional Iraqi Ministries.

KAZAKHASTAN and KYRGYZSTAN

Evaluation of USAID’s Fiscal Reform Programs The evaluation provided information for consideration by USAID pertaining to the current state of fiscal reform, the impact of USAID assistance, lessons learned and the provision of recommendations to achieve greater program impact pertaining to: tax policy; tax administration; budget reform; fiscal analysis; and intergovernmental fiscal reform.

Key fiscal areas, including tax policy and tax administration reform, fiscal analysis and revenue estimation in the Government and Parliament, and budget development and reform at the republic and sub-national levels were assessed. The project included extensive training for representatives of executive agencies and members and staff of the parliament in economics, budgeting, taxation and tax administration to enhance the ability of the executive agencies to develop and consider fiscal alternatives, and, for the parliament to analyze and respond to recommendations for fiscal alternatives. Both were imperatives for the nation to facilitate a move toward a more advanced system of revenue collection. KENYA

Evaluation of USAID Agricultural Development Support Project

USAID Gender Impact Program Assessment

Provided training and implemented a management and process assessment of the USAID Agricultural Development Support Project, (ADSP).

The assessment included a review and analysis of a decade of USAID/Kenya gender programs.

Work included the amassing of data and the creation of mission and sector-specific databases and an inventory. Case studies were researched and reported. Mission materials and literature were compiled and assessed. Work plans, country reports, a synthesis report, definitions and methodologies related to deliverables were submitted to USAID/Kenya.

A dissemination workshop was convened for USAID Program Officers, Women in Development (WID) Officers from all regional Missions, and Africa Bureau personnel to review the results of the gender assessment and to discuss and develop regional approaches to gender considerations. Workshop results including regional approaches were captured in a final report submitted to USAID/Kenya.

KOSOVO

USAID Assessment of Restored Normalcy in Living Standards and Opportunities Program

Assessment of the implementation and outcome of activities executed under USAID/Kosovo’s Strategic Objective 3.1, Restored Normalcy in Living Standards and Opportunities. Two major components of this approach were evaluated, the Kosovo Assistance Program (KAP) and the Community Infrastructure and Services Program (CISP). This assistance directly contributed to the two Intermediate Results under SO 3.1 and had complementary linkages with SO 1.3 Establishment of an Economic Policy and Institutional Framework and SO 2.1 Accountable and Transparent Governance.

Program implementation, the effect of assistance under SO 3.1 and the effectiveness of coordination of USAID activities with other donors working in Kosovo, as well as the major constraints facing the assistance were assessed.

KOSOVO

Assessment of USAID Expanded Formal SME Sector: Employment Generation and Microfinance Programs

Activities under USAID/Kosovo’s Strategic Objective 1.3, Establishment of an Economic Policy and Institutional Framework that Facilitates the Recovery and Expansion of the Private Sector-Led Economy were evaluated.

The assessment provided recommendations pertaining to the USAID Kosovo Employment Generation Program composed of two distinct but coordinated components: Kosovo Business Support (KBS) and Kosovo Business Finance (KBF). Also assessed was the USAID supported startup and development of a micro lending program designed to create a sustainable, locally run micro-finance institution (MFI) to improve access to working capital. The assessment identified areas and activities that hold the most promise for stimulating business development with attendant increases in broad-based income generation and employment.

MACEDONIA

USAID Local Government Project Assessment

The evaluation included an assessment of the accountability, transparency and integrity in the management of revenues and expenditures by the Government of Macedonia and local governments. Recommendations were made for the design of USAID strategies and projects to address priorities. Assessed the: (a) ability of national and local governments to plan their expenditures, (b) ability of those entities to systematically track their revenues, expenditures and commitments, (c) ability of those entities to audit their own operations and investigate abnormalities, (d) ability of the audit body to do financial and performance audits of budget users, (e) integrity and transparency of the procurement process and (f) ability of the government of Macedonia to investigate and prosecute major financial crimes (tax evasion, bank fraud, money laundering and procurement fraud).

MACEDONIA

USAID Public Sector Debt Program Assessment

Assessment to 1) establish integrated financial management and VAT procedures in the Ministry of Finance, VAT and an integrated software administration system for the tax department, (2) tax administration of resource management, VAT procedures, collections, policy issues, tax gap analysis, (3) macroeconomic analysis of macroeconomic models for fiscal and trade policy, (4) budgeting in Ministries, (5) improved Treasury operations in accounting, cash management, commitment accounting and arrears reduction, (6) work with the USAID Local Government Project to build capacity for tax administration and treasury operations at the municipal, level as part of program of decentralization., (7) build capacity to investigate financial crimes (tax evasion, bank and financial fraud and money laundering) through the creation and training of Financial Police.

MADAGASCAR

USAID Environment and Biodiversity Stocktaking Assessment

The assessment included work with USAID Environment and Rural Development program staff to review 15 years of USAID/Madagascar experiences in environment, rural development and food security programs.

Identified best practices and lessons learned while assisting USAID and its partners with identifying opportunities and competitive advantages for planning future environment and rural development activities. Policies, issues, strategies, government and donor-funded programs in biodiversity, tropical forest management, carbon sequestration, climate change and eco-agriculture were assessed.

MADAGASCAR

USAID Landscape Development Interventions in Madagascar: Intensification of Agricultural Practices in Conservation Zones & Conservation Enterprise Promotion

The project addressed biodiversity loss and related agrarian crises in Madagascar caused by slash-and-burn agriculture and free-range livestock production. Though 70% of Malagasy depend on the nation’s agricultural output, in many regions these destructive practices have led to decreased output per capita over the past decade and pressures on forests are increasingly severe. The overarching objectives are: to develop more sustainable, productive use of natural resources; reverse the trend toward agricultural intensification; help people generate greater incomes; and assist conservation enterprises.

Worked with national, regional and local partners and beneficiaries to promote sustainable, profitable agricultural systems/enterprises in zones where actions will have the most impact -- in Mahajanga, including the Ankarafantsika ICDP.

Technical approach: 1) Sound and efficient eco-regional planning methods to determine conservation priorities and strategic zones of intervention, including outward poles of attraction; 2) Sedentary, sustainable, high yielding agricultural systems that will draw large numbers of farmers away from destructive practices and access to credit and inputs to support these systems; 3) Profitable conservation enterprises that will provide income and demonstrate alternative, sustainable uses of the natural resources base; 4) A participatory approach that gives responsibility to farmers, draws on their knowledge, contributes new ideas and creates a sustainable, high-yielding agro-ecological system; 5) Productive partnerships with government executing agencies, NGO and private sector actors at international, national, regional and local levels.

MADAGASGAR

USAID Cyclone Recovery Program Evaluation Conducted a process evaluation of a two-year disaster relief project. Assessed and reported on environment, biodiversity, agriculture, infrastructure and institutional development activities.

MALAWI

Evaluation of USAID’s Strategic Objective: “Increased Agricultural Incomes on a Per Capita Basis”

Assessment of the impact of and lessons learned from the group of activities that formed USAID/Malawi’s Strategic Objective One (SO1): “Increased Agricultural Incomes on a Per Capita Basis.” Assessed the success of non-project assistance activities on the Government of Malawi’s policy reform efforts; and, identified design and implementation strengths and weaknesses and lessons learned for future activities of this nature.

MOLDOVA

Farmer-to-Farmer & NGO Capacity-Building Programs

USAID U.S.-Based Study Tour

USAID farm restructuring and privatization programs were implemented in two regional areas: Belts and Cahul. Institutional development, capacity-building and grants proposal writing training were provided to an agricultural and environmental NGO community in Chisinau.

A U.S.-based study tour of farms and agricultural universities in the mid-Atlantic and Eastern states was designed and implemented for the Moldovans who participated in the farmer-to-farmer and NGO capacity-building programs.

MOLDOVA

USAID Assessment of Agricultural Irrigation

The agricultural irrigation potential in Moldova assessed by identifying the physical, technical and financial resources available to the private farmers and the constraints hindering improvements in agricultural production. USAID Strategic Objectives, SO 1.31 “Private Enterprise Growth Creates Jobs and Generates Income.” was considered to the extent that agriculture production & distribution systems improvement would occur due of USAID’s intervention.

Assessed long-term irrigation potentials in Moldova focused on issues affecting the irrigation potential for private farmers. Identified the physical, technical and financial constraints to farm irrigation and what technical and financial resources are currently available to small- and medium-scale farmers.

The assessment incorporated other donor activities, sources and availability of water, a review of Soviet irrigation systems (supply pump stations, distribution systems, etc.), farmer organizations, education and field extension services, marketing of crop production, and business development of small- and medium-scale farmers. Recommendations were made for an irrigation strategy for the Ministry of Agriculture that would provide opportunities for small- and medium-scale farmers to greatly expand their incomes.

Evaluation of USAID Projects in the Environment and Agriculture Sectors

USAID Evaluation of Strategic Objective No. 1: “Increased Sustainable Production and Sales of Forest and High- Value Agricultural Products.” Reviewed and reformulated the USAID assistance strategy for Nepal and prepared a five-year strategic plan for USAID’s consideration.

PANAMA

USAID Panama Canal Watershed Natural Resources Management Project An assessment was conducted of USAID strategic policies in natural resources protection, conservation and management. Recommendations: 1) support for strategic policy, planning and program interventions to stimulate a favorable environment for sustainable change in watershed protection and management; 2) development of institutional support strategies to improve coordination and operational performance within the Panamanian institutions responsible for natural resource protection and management; 3) establishment of new public-private linkages as a means to establish a sustainable national system of protected areas; 4) exploration of alternative funding sources needed to expand the presence of the government in the national system of protected areas; 5) provision of greater focus, support and leverage for critical technical support services to rural residents in the Panama Canal Watershed.

PANAMA

USAID MARENA Natural Resources Management Project

Reviewed and analyzed the effectiveness of the national system of protected areas in Panama.

Evaluated: 1) the operations of a trust fund; 2) the results of agroforestry and reforestation field projects; 3) the activities to strengthen natural resources management and conservation; 4) NGO-capacity building; and 5) the functioning of the national government institution responsible for forestry, protected areas and environmental assessments.

PHILIPPINES

Evaluation of USAID/Philippines Environmental Governance Project (EcoGov2)

The aim of the evaluation was to measure the effectiveness and impact of USAID’s investment, as well as document the key lessons learned of the seven-year USAID-funded $23.5 million EcoGov2 project – the largest Mission biodiversity conservation project in the Philippines.

EcoGov2 provided assistance in four technical areas: Forest and Forestlands Management, Solid Waste Management, Waste Water Management and Coastal Resources Management. A fifth, cross-cutting technical component deals with Governance and Advocacy.

The project used a landscape, “ridge-to-reef,” approach to frame its activities with municipal, provincial, regional and national institutions. Several municipalities have realized that the landscape management approach facilitates their development of climate change adaptation strategies and that the perspective it brings to environmental governance will help implement mitigation activities. Nationally the Department of Environment and Natural Resources have recognized the utility of the “ridge-to-reef” approach and have identified 131 critical watersheds in which to implement it to ensure sustainable activities.

Reviewed the achievement of objectives and results, and examined whether project strategies and approaches were and remain valid, relevant and efficiently carried out to address key environmental challenges. While working in Manila and during five rural site visits, investigatory interviews were conducted and actual versus planned outputs and results were researched and reviewed; as were problems related to project implementation. Two well-attended presentations were made in Manila prior to the submission of the final report. Appreciating that the purpose of the evaluation is to leverage, not duplicate, existing USAID knowledge, the following points are provided for the purpose of provoking global discussion of future for climate change and mitigation strategies and energy governance projects:

- The Ridge to Reef framework has been adopted by multilateral donors such as the World Bank (Global Environment Facility), Asian Development Bank, bilateral donors, such as the GTZ1 and International Development Research Centre, international NGOs such as the World Wildlife Fund, and private sector corporations.

- There is economic opportunity in good environmental governance. In coastal areas, local governments are improving their management of marine protected areas and expanding their influence and enforcement through the adoption of formal management planning processes and by creating networks with other local governments, recognizing that economies of scale can bring greater benefits.

- EcoGov2 assisted tenure holders in contributing to the improved management of more than 70 percent of natural forests in tenured areas. Having budgetary and enforcement control and land use planning jurisdiction for this proportion of upland forests and biodiversity is substantial. There is now greater food and water security, improved local livelihoods and larger areas being stabilized through improved soil conservation practices.

RUSSIA

Evaluation of USAID’s Junior Achievement Program

The evaluation took place in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and Vladivostok and covered the Junior Achievement Russia (JAR) seven-year program implementation period.

Assessed how JAR contributes to USAID Strategic Objective (SO) 1.31 “Small- and Medium-Size Enterprise Sector Strengthened & Expanded.” Assessed how JAR supports SO2.11 “To Foster More Open and Participatory Society.”

RUSSIA

Evaluation of U.S. Assistance to Russian Orphans Program

The evaluation of the Russian Orphans Program took place in Moscow, Novgorod, Saint Petersburg, Tomsk and Vladivostok. Assessed how the program led to changes in state facilities, including the furthering of partnerships between the public and NGO sectors, attitudinal changes, management improvements and increased exposure to innovative approaches that lead to positive changes in institutionalized children’s lives.

RWANDA, TANZANIA AND UGANDA

USAID Gender Impact Assessment

The assessment included a review and analysis of a decade of gender programs in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.

Work included the amassing of data and the creation of mission and sector-specific databases and a comprehensive inventory across missions and countries.

Case studies were researched and reported on in all three countries. Materials and literature from each mission were compiled and assessed. Work plans, country reports, a synthesis report, and definitions and methodologies related to deliverables were submitted to USAID/Kenya as well as to the Missions in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.

A dissemination workshop was convened for USAID Program Officers, Women in Development (WID) officers from all the regional Missions and Africa Bureau personnel to review results of the gender assessments implemented in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda – and in Kenya.

Workshop discussions led to the development of regional approaches to gender considerations. Workshop results, including the regional approaches, were captured in the final report submitted to USAID/Kenya and to the missions in Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.

SERBIA-MONTENEGRO

Evaluation of Office of Transition Initiatives Program

The evaluation examined the entirety of the Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) experience, including work with local and international non-governmental organizations, local media outlets, the UN Transitional Administration, other donors, and Government authorities.

OTI evolving management structures and overall program implementation were reviewed. Attention was paid to programs that had not been the subject of separate evaluations including media, civil society, governance, economic recovery and rule of law programs. SUDAN

Evaluation of the USAID STAR Disaster Assistance Program

SUDAN (Bahr el Ghazal and Equatorial Provinces): Evaluation of the USAID Sudan Transition and Rehabilitation (STAR) Program. The multi-faceted program supported good governance, participatory democracy, grants and credit for small enterprises (especially agricultural) and peace initiatives within stable, opposition held areas of Southern Sudan.

UKRAINE

Evaluation of USAID Training Programs

An evaluation of the prospects for the sustainability of USAID Ukrainian training programs was provided. The assessment included a study of the existing market for training services to municipalities, utilities, international donors and international financial institutions. Existing programs including legal and regulatory, administrative and financial management programs and ministry and agency staff training were assessed. A comparative analysis was performed of various options for establishing NGOs such as a housing and municipal reform center.

UKRAINE

NGO Capacity-Building in Environment and Agriculture Sectors

A resident technical specialist in Kiev provided institutional development, NGO capacity building and training expertise to energy, environment and agriculture sector projects funded by USAID.

ZAMBIA

USAID Community-Based Natural Resources Management Program

An evaluation of USAID’s support to Zambia's ADMADE Program – a community-based natural resource management program – was conducted to determine whether USAID investments had achieved their desired impacts. Recommendations were to suggest how experiences gained might influence ongoing and future USAID and other institutions' investments in natural resources protection, conservation and management.

The assessment focused on significant ADMADE Program community-based results including the increasing of rural incomes and improving food security.