Acids and Bases Worksheet

Acids and Bases Worksheet Name ______1. Name the following compounds and circle which are weak acids:

a) HNO3 b) H2SO4 c) HF d) H2CO3 e) HC2H3O2 f) H3PO4

2. Write the formulas for the following bases: a) calcium hydroxide b) aluminum hydroxide c) ammonium hydroxide d) lithium hydroxide

3. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugate acid and the conjugate base in the reaction: + - NH3 (g) + H2O (l) ⇄ NH4 (aq) + OH (aq)

4. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugate acid and the conjugate base in the reaction: - 2- + HCO3 (aq) + H2O (l) ⇄ CO3 (aq) + H3O (aq)

5. Classify the following acids as monoprotic or polyprotic: a) H2SO4 b) H3PO4 c) HCl d) HC2H3O2 pH calculations - Useful formulas: + + + pH = - log[H3O ] Remember H is the same as H3O + - -14 Kw = [H3O ][OH ] = 1.0 X 10 pH + POH = 14

+ -7 6. A solution has a [H3O ] of 1 X 10 . M, what is its pH?____Is this an acid, base or is it neutral?

7. What is the pH of a solution if the [H+] = 7.2 X 10-9M?_____ Is this an acid or base?

8. If the hydronium ion concentration is 2.5 X 10-4, what is the pH?______Is this an acid or base?

9. If the pH of a solution is 0.8, what is its hydronium ion concentration?______

10. If the hydrogen ion concentration is 10-8, what is the pH? ______Is this an acid or base?

11. What is the pH of a 1.0 M HCl solution?______Is this an acid or a base?

+ -9 12. What is the pH of a solution with a [H3O ] of 1 X 10 M? ______Would it taste sour or bitter?

13. If the [H+] of a solution is 2.5 X 10-4M, what is the concentration of the hydroxide ion?_____ Is this solution an acid or a base?

14. If the [OH-] of a solution is 1 X 10-6M, what is the concentration of the hydronium ion?______Is this solution an acid or a base?

15. The pH of orange juice is 5, what is the pOH?_____

16. The pH of grapefruit juice is 4, what is the pOH? ____

17. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution if its [OH-] is 2.5 X 10-10M?______HONORS:

See readings and sample problems on pgs 646-647, 656 Strengths of acids and bases is determined by degree of ionization and measured by Ka or Kb

18. Identify the strongest acid and the weakest acid among the following: -3 a) H3PO4 with a Ka of 7.5 X10 -5 b) acetic acid with a Ka of 1.8 X10 -4 c) HF with a Ka of 6.8 X10

19. Write the expression for the acid dissociation constant of hydrofluoric acid, HF Hint: First write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of HF in water.

-4 o If the Ka of hydrofluoric acid is 6.6 x 10 at 25 , find the pH of a 0.125 M solution.

20. A 0.10M solution of formic acid, HCOOH, has an equilibrium [H+] = 4.2 X 10-3M What is the Ka of formic acid? The equilibrium is shown below: HCOOH (aq) ⇄ H+ (aq) + HCOO-(aq)

What is the pH of this solution?

-5 21. The Ka of benzoic acid, C6H5COOH is 6.3 X10 for + - C6H5COOH (aq) + H2O(l) ⇄ H (aq) + C6H5COO (aq) What is the equilibrium [H+] in a 0.20M solution of benzoic acid?

What is the pH?