Suppression Emergency (Notes)

BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 1 of 16 Suppression Emergency Operations (Updated through 8/7/04) ADN/001 STOPPING AT RED LIGHTS . All emergency fire equipment responding Code 3, will make a complete stop at all RED signal lights and stop signs. . Disciplinary action will be taken against any driver and/or officer who has an accident caused by running a RED light Code 3 without stopping. ADN/002 FIRE DEPARTMENT FUNCTIONS WHERE FATALITIES ARE INVOLVED (UPDATED 10/30/00) . Give immediate first aid to all living victims and request ambulances for transport. . Notify Dispatch of fatality, who will in turn notify PD, who will in turn notify the Medical Examiner. . Notify PD on scene of fatality. . FD should not search victim for identification. PD will do that. . The IC, Public Information Sector Officer, or PIO are the only personnel allowed to release victim(s) names (next of kin notified first). . Moving of body is PD or Medical Examiners responsibility, unless to preserve the body, then FD can assist. . Use extreme caution in salvage/overhaul to preserve the scene. . Do not start salvage operations until area has been released by proper authority (investigator/PD). . When FD has completed immediate functions, they should assemble outside the secured area. . IC should leave only required personnel needed to complete the operations. ADN/003 EMERGENCY LOCK-OUT PROCEDURE (UPDATED 10/30/00) . OCFD responds as a service to citizens of OKC to gain entry to autos or structures in "emergency situations". . Dispatch will determine if a lock-out is an emergency, caller has other keys available, locksmith notified by caller?, exact location, make, model, and color of vehicle, get callback number, inform caller to stay at scene, and to inform caller they will be required to sign a release form. . Car clubs that provide lock-out assistance at no charge are AAA, Allstate, Amoco, & Montgomery Wards. . Only ONE fire company will be dispatched on all lock-outs. . Dispatcher should never leave a lock-out calling party without assistance. . Company responding to lock-outs will go Code 3 unless notified otherwise. . Company officer will assess the least damaging way to enter. . Prior to entry, owner should read, understand, and sign Permission to Enter Vehicle or Structure form. . Officer will verify vehicle info (insurance verification, name, address, insurance company, etc.) or structure info (driver's license, address, neighbors, etc.) with citizen to verify validity of property. . Questions on lock-out procedures should be directed to the District Officer. Automobiles NOT to be opened with a "Slim Jim" MAKE MODEL YEAR MAKE MODEL YEAR BMW ALL ALL Ford Vans 80 & Newer Buick Riviera 86 & Newer GMC Pick-Ups 88 & Newer Buick Regal 86 & Newer GMC S-15 Jimmy ALL Cadillac ALL 86 & Newer GMC Safari ALL Chevy Astro Van ALL Mazda RX-7 ALL Chevy Beretta ALL Mercedes ALL ALL Chevy Blazer 88 & Newer Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme 88 & Newer Chevy Pick-Ups 88 & Newer Oldsmobile Tornado 86 & Newer Chevy Corsica ALL Pontiac Grand Prix / Trans Am 88 & Newer Chevy Camaros 82 & Newer Pontiac Firebird 82 & Newer Chevy S-10 Pick Ups 88 & Newer Porsche ALL ALL Corvettes ALL 68 & Newer Saab ALL ALL Ford Ranger Pick Ups ALL Toyota ALL 86 & Newer Ford Pick-Ups 79 & Newer Nissan 280 Z ALL Ford Broncho & Broncho II 80 & Newer Volvo ALL ALL Refer to "Slim Jim" booklet for more info. Unlocking with "Slim Jim" on PASSENGER side ONLY. ADN/004 DUE TO DELETION - THIS SECTION IS BLANK (UPDATED 10/30/00) ADN/005 DAMAGE TO PRIVATE PROPERTY . Examples of damage include: cutting fence, chains on fences, lock/window damage. . Company Officer will notify District Officer and homeowner. . Minor damage should be repaired if possible before leaving the scene. ADN/006 REQUESTING ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT FROM THE CITY . District Officer will be dispatched to scene if heavy equipment is requested from another City department. . District Officer will notify the Deputy, who will notify Dispatch who will make the appropriate arrangements.

Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 2 of 16 ADN/007 CIVIL UNREST . Purpose of policy is to provide procedures for safety during incidents involving violence, unrest, or civil disturbances such as fights, riots, violent crimes, drug-related situations, family disturbances, deranged individuals, and people interfering with FD operations. . Violence: Any aggressive act by civilians toward a FD member or another City official while in performance of their respective duty. . Civil Disturbance: Any domestic emergency such as a riot, and/or public panic, that has the potential of causing casualties or major damage to property. PERSONNEL RESPONDING TO VIOLENT INCIDENTS Dispatch appropriate companies. Dispatchers Relay comments from PD. will: Determine if PD has been assigned or is enroute and notify companies. Give status reports to companies. Establish command. First- Determine whether to enter scene or stand-by for PD. arriving Relay scene assessment to dispatch. Company If PD is on scene, discuss crew safety. Officer will: Ensure crew is wearing proper PPE. Continually monitor incident for escalating tension. Full PPE as necessary. Crew Be alert to surroundings. Members Do not disturb evidence. will: Prevent hostile confrontations. Maintain crew integrity and accountability. OPERATING AT AN INCIDENT THAT TURNS VIOLENT Decide crew safety, immediately notify dispatch, request PD, give status report. Decide if crew should evacuate. If so, crew should pick up equipment and leave at the same time, if Company Officer possible. will: Notify dispatch of location, safest routes of entry into area. Do not re-enter until cleared by PD. Notify PD, relay info to companies, and advise PD safest routes into area. Dispatchers will: Notify District Commander(s) of incident and safest routes into area. District Respond to company location, obtain a briefing from company officer, and assume Commander will: command. Civil Disturbances . FD roles at a civil disturbance are the same as responding to violent incidents, however, tactical issues may change. . FD responsibilities include fire protection, rescue, and EMS. . The FD is not responsible for maintaining or attempting to maintain order of citizens at a civil disturbance. . Response levels will be determined by the Fire Chief or his designee and will be based on info obtained from the OCPD Incident Commander. . Fire dispatch will notify all FD facilities of the response level and area involved by circuit, telephone, or MDT.

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Response Levels . Level 1 (Threat): Increased state of readiness for specific facilities, stations, or districts where conditions of disturbance exist. . Level 2 (Actual Disturbance): Actual physical violence against property or human life on a large scale. RESPONSE LEVEL ACTIONS LEVEL 1 (Threat) Level 2 (Actual Disturbance) Facilities in THREAT area will be kept locked andDispatch will relay location of PD command post to secure. District Commander closest to incident. Fuel tanks will be kept full. DC will respond to PD command and obtain briefing on Companies on radio will return to stations. incident and area security. During normal business hours, support divisionDC will identify staging area for apparatus and determine supervisors will order personnel to return to work sites. needs. Dispatchers will lock doors leading to Fire DispatchPD will establish legitimacy of call. Center. If call is legitimate, PD will provide escort into area. Secure underground fuel tanks and shut off electricalDC will dispatch apparatus from staging into incident. power to pumps. Response into areas unaffected by disturbance will be Exposed equipment on apparatus should be stored indispatched by usual dispatch procedures on a different compartments when possible. radio channel. Maintenance shop will call for PD security, depending on situation. If decision to abandon FD buildings: 1. Reserve apparatus will be taken with regular apparatus. 2. Microphones, radios, chargers, and PPE will be removed from building. 3. Medical supply locker contents taken. 4. Main electrical switch to building turned off and backup generator disabled. Setting Incident Response Priorities (guidelines) . Reports of life in danger in occupied exposures. . Occupied structures. . Vacant structures with occupied exposures. . Vital public utility structures. . Other incidents as resources permit. Companies within Perimeter: . Company integrity and accountability maintained (radio contact at all times). . When riding in apparatus, full PPE including helmet must be worn and windows must remained closed. . Company officers and drivers must prevent apparatus from becoming entrapped. . Do not engage in PD actions (no hose streams to disperse or control crowds). . Personnel should avoid confrontation and are not permitted to carry weapons other than the one's commissioned by the FD, because of normal job duties. . Be alert for traps and ambushes. . Keep time inside perimeter to a minimum. Abandoning Violent Areas: IC will determine abandonment based on the following: . Safety of personnel beyond acceptable risk? . Is PD abandoning position? . Is violence directed toward FD? . PD not in control of situation? If abandonment is to take place: 1. IC will make announcement over radio. 2. Drivers will sound air horn: 3 short blasts, a 2-second pause, 3 short blasts, a 2-second pause, and 3 short blasts. 3. Personnel will pick up equipment and leave area ASAP. 4. Personnel will report to IC when companies are clear of area.

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General Information: . Use unified command system between Fire, PD, EMS when possible. . Normal strategies may be altered to provide for additional safety of personnel. . Companies should work for a quick fire knockdown using deck guns and ladder pipes. . No personnel should be positioned on a aerial ladder's tip. . Incident may be a diversionary tactic for another, larger, incident. . Secure PD protection before entering. . Ensure PD protection for staging area. . For long duration incident, consider housing, feeding, and rehab. . Be alert for suspicious people and/or packages. ADN/008 AMBULANCE CALLS PROCEDURES (UPDATED 7/04) . Fire or PD who have been resuscitating a patient may continue upon arrival of EMSA if the EMSA attendant judges the personnel to be providing correct and adequate care. . EMSA personnel have the primary responsibility of care of the patient. . If EMSA is on scene, prior to FD's arrival, inquire if additional help is needed. If not, return to service immediately. . A decision to transport a patient will be made by the patient or family, not by Fire Department. . Complaint's regarding EMSA personnel are to be forwarded to the Chief's office in writing. OPS/001 DUE TO DELETION - THIS SECTION IS BLANK (UPDATED 10/30/00) OPS/002 RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMPANY AND OFFICER . Responsibilities of company and officer includes High Rise operations, Commercial Response operations, Residential Fire Alarms, Medical Calls, Water Rescue operations, and Single Company operations. . The company officer is responsible for size-up on every incident. OPS/002.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMPANY OFFICER . The Company Officer is responsible for preventing damage to all OCFD property during emergency responses. OPS/002.2 RESPONSIBILITIES OF APPARATUS OPERATOR . The Apparatus Operator will advise the Company Officer of any unsafe condition or failure of equipment that develops during emergency operations. OPS/002.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF FIREFIGHTER . Firefighters should ensure efficient team operations by performing all emergency operations safely and professionally. OPS/002.4 RESPONSIBILITIES OF INCIDENT SAFETY OFFICER (UPDATED 9/1/00) . The ISO has the authority to suspend any activities that are unsafe or involve an imminent hazard. . The ISO should notify the IC of actions taken to correct imminent hazards. . The ISO should report conditions, operations, and hazards that do not present an imminent danger to the IC for mitigation of the hazard. . The Assistant ISO has the same authority as the ISO. . An ISO can be the IC, individual appointed by the IC, or OCFD Fire Safety Officer. . ISO's must wear "lime-green" vests containing the words "SAFETY OFFICER". . Safety officer vests and Incident Safety Field Operations Guides can be found on all Suppression Battalion Chief's vehicles. . ISO monitors conditions so that they meet the OCFD Emergency Scene Site Safety Plan and Field Operations Guide. . The ISO will ensure that the IC establishes a rehab area. . The ISO ensures established safety zones, collapse zones, hot zones, and hazard areas are communicated to all personnel. . The ISO "GO BAG" contains tools for identifying hazards, evaluating risks, and implementing control measures. . An Emergency Response Site Safety Plan must be completed on all incidents with an IC appointed ISO. OPS/002.4 ISO Field Operations Guide EVERY EMERGENCY . The ISO guide consist of WHITE pages (required on all emergencies), YELLOW pages (for structure fires), PINK pages (for HazMat, Water, & Special Ops), and BLUE pages (for ISO equipment use). . Site Safety Plans include physical hazards, health hazards, risk evaluation, control measures, and diagram of division/crew assignments. STRUCTURE FIRES . At structure fires, the ISO will report to IC, be briefed on action plan, and pick up ISO GO bag. . A 360 degree size-up will be made by the ISO.

Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 5 of 16 . The ISO will check for collapse indicators such as little or no progress on fire after 10-12 minutes, fire under large spans, severe burning of walls, floors, or ceilings, distortion of building members, reinforcement stars, and other indicators. . The ISO will check exterior operations for holes, trenches, overhangs, and other employee hazards. . The ISO will check interior operations for full PPE, including SCBA and PASS, 2 routes of egress, utilities secured, crews rotating, and CO readings. . The ISO will check for backdraft (yellow/gray smoke puffing, tar-like substance running down inside of window) and flashover (significant free burning/heat buildup) indicators. . The ISO will check roof operations for excessive loads, 2 means of egress, and safe ladder operations. HAZMAT . The HazMat Site Safety & Health Plan should include current and forecasted weather conditions. . The HazMat Commander, Safety Officer, and Intervention Officer may NOT perform more than 1 job function. HazMat Control Boundary Markings ZONE MARKING Exclusion Zone or IDLH Conditions RED cone & Windsock Hot Zone YELLOW cone Warm Zone (contamination reduction zone) GREEN cone Decontamination Corridor (contamination reduction corridor) ORANGE cone Support Zone BLUE cone . Personnel leaving the exclusion zone must be thoroughly decontaminated. . The decon area should be 80 feet long by 30 feet wide. . The ISO must determine the level of protection (A,B,C,or D) of personnel in the exclusion zone, the decon area, evacuation group, and other personnel. . Environmental monitoring of a HazMat scene may include equipment such as combustible gas indicators, oxygen sensors, colormetric tubes, HNU/OVA, PIDs, FIDs, and pH paper. . Heat stress monitoring is mandatory above 70oF. . Personnel in the Exclusion Zone must remain in constant radio contact or within sight of the Intervention Group Leader. . Failure of communications while in the Exclusion Zone requires evaluation of whether personnel must leave the zone. . 3 Horn Blasts is the emergency signal for all personnel to leave the Exclusion Zone. . If an injury occurs in the Exclusion Zone, 3 Horn Blasts shall be sounded (if required by HazMat Safety Officer). No persons will re-enter the Exclusion Zone until injury/symptoms are determined. . The HazMat Safety Officer will assess any injuries to personnel in the Support Zone. . If an injury increases the risk to others, 3 Horn Blasts will be sounded to tell personnel to stop activities until risk has been removed/minimized. . In the event of equipment failure, no persons will re-enter the Exclusion Zone until cause of equipment failure is determined. . When an on-site emergency results in evacuation, conditions must be corrected, hazards and Site Safety Plan must be reassessed/reviewed, and personnel must be briefed on changes in the Site Safety Plan. . If there is known or possible asbestos contamination, HazMat 5 will be requested. . Run-off water at a fire involving asbestos does NOT need to be contained. . Smoke from fires containing asbestos should be limited with fire streams. . A lab contractor should be called for sample pick up and analysis of possible asbestos. . Crews/equipment working at fires involving asbestos must be decontaminated. . PPE (bunkers) should be bagged after decon (in asbestos fires) for vendor pick-up. . Upon detecting a possible drug lab site, company should withdraw, noting any containers, chemicals, cylinders, or odors as you leave. . Dispatch should be contacted via MDT to request OCPD on possible drug labs and pass command to OCPD when they arrive. Evacuation for Possible/Known Drug Lab Occupancy Type Evacuation Residential 1 house in all directions Apartment All connecting apartments (up/down stairs) Highway 150 feet in all directions Commercial Building involved . HazMat 5 and District Chief should be requested on all suspected drug labs. . SPECIAL OPERATIONS Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 6 of 16 . Readings should be obtained on confined spaces from air surveillance equipment every 5 minutes. . If the C.A.R.T. air supply is used, call AIR 1 to the scene. . Slip, fall, mechanical, and engulfment hazards should be noted on High/Low angle rescues. . High-rise structure fire groups may include Attack, Back-up, Base, Exposure, Lobby Control, Rehab., Rescue, Evacuation, Safety, Salvage, Staging, Stairwell Support, Standpipe/Sprinkler, Ventilation, Maintenance, ONG, OG&E, and Water. . Hazards assessed in structural collapses should include the presence of flammables, toxic atmospheres, oxygen levels, temperature, electricity, water, slip, fall, mechanical, and engulfment hazards. . Possibility of secondary collapse should be closely monitored. . The order of action for structural collapse is 1) survey/reconnaissance of area with trapped victims, 2) immediate rescue of surface victims, 3) removal of victims by exploration of voids, 4) selected debris removal (non-structural debris), 5) general debris removal, 6) structural debris removal. Trench Rescue Zones Zone Location Personnel (located in zone) Rescue Extrication Officer (REQ), Rescue Team, HazMat Member, Hot 100 feet in all directions Safety Officer/Rescue Coordinator Warm 100 feet of Hot Zone Back-Up Teams, Decon, Access Sector IC, Rescue Coordinator, Support, Resources, Rehab, Non-Essential Cold 100 feet of Warm Zone Personnel, Media . Park apparatus a minimum of 100 feet from trench or excavations. . Sources of vibration should be shut down within 300 feet of trench. . Spoil piles for trenches should be at least 2 to 4 feet back from lip. . Tunnel rescues should employ the same precautions as a confined space rescue. . Site information gathered at Dive/Water incidents should include: water depth, water temperature, time of incident occurrence, type of bottom, and cause of incident. . All personnel within 10 feet of water will wear a PFD. . There should be a minimum of 5 divers on scene at a rescue. ISO EQUIPMENT USE Carbon Monoxide Monitor Readings Parts Per Million Response 0-35 ppm Area safe for up to 8 hours without SCBA 35-180 ppm 15 minutes to evacuate if not wearing SCBA 180 ppm or more SCBA must be worn Alarm will sound and light at 35 ppm . CO monitors should not be taken into areas greater than 100oF or less than 0oF. . Safety banner guard is WHITE with BLACK letters. . Hazardous Materials banner guard is ORANGE with BLACK letters. . Safety and Hazardous Materials banner guards are used for safety of emergency personnel. . The can of a Falcon air horn assembly should always be kept upright with valve trigger down. . The valve assembly of a Falcon air horn should be threaded onto the air can until safety seal is punctured (air will hiss), then screw approximately 1 1/2 to 2 more turns and don't overtighten. . The Faclon air horn valve assembly should not be removed from can until empty. . The 3-prong clip of the air horn should be saved for use with a new refill. . An apparatus air horn or Falcon air horn may be used to give the evacuation signal (3 air horn blasts). . The ISO sounds emergency evacuation when flashover/collapse occurs, personnel are reported to be lost, trapped, or missing, when changing from offensive to defensive operations, and any other conditions where death/injury may occur. . The Saunders 8514 Aluminum forms holder should contain forms/documents for Site Safety Plans, Rehab. Group, Structural ISO Field Operations Guide, HazMat, Special Ops, Water Rescue, ISO Equipment use, also at least 1 grease pencil and 2 writing pens. OPS/003 HIGH RISE . A "High Rise" incident is one that occurs or has the potential to progress ABOVE the 3rd floor. . The first arriving Company Officer at a high rise incident will establish Command, operate in Fast Attack Mode, and assign a Fire Attack and Rescue Team (2 engine companies and 1 rescue ladder company). . A 3rd alarm will be called at once with a working fire in a high rise. . All first alarm companies will go to Level 1 staging (until assigned by IC), except Rescue 8, which reports to the IC. OPS/003.1 HIGH RISE FIRE ATTACK PLAN FIRST ALARM ASSIGNMENTS Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 7 of 16 . The Fire Attack & Rescue Team determines a safe means of ascent and locates the emergency. OPS/003.2 HIGH RISE WORKING FIRE . The first engine company (Fire Attack & Rescue Team) in a high rise building will provide hand lines to attack the fire. . The first rescue ladder company (Fire Attack & Rescue Team) in a high rise building will provide access to the fire and ventilation. . The second engine company (Fire Attack & Rescue Team) in a high rise building will provide rescue and evacuation from the fire floor and above the fire floor.

OPS/003.3 HIGH RISE STANDPIPE/SPRINKLER COMPANY . 1 company assigned by the IC will establish the standpipe/sprinkler system and report back to the IC. OPS/003.4 HIGH RISE BACK UP LINES . 1 company assigned by the IC will provide back up lines for the Attack Company to control the area behind fire attack and the stairwell to ensure escape. OPS/003.5 HIGH RISE INTERIOR EXPOSURES . The IC will assign a company officer to the Interior Exposure Group, designated at "Interior Exposure". OPS/003.6 HIGH RISE STAGING & BASE OPERATIONS . The IC assigns 1 company to Staging & Base Operations. . The Officer will be in charge of STAGING inside the high rise building and the Driver will be in charge of establishing the BASE. . The STAGING officer reports to IC/Operations Officer . Staging is located 2 floors below the fire floor. . Stairwell access is controlled by Staging Personnel. . The staging officer will maintain a separate area for reserve personnel, a rehab area, and stockpiles of reserve/expended equipment in the Staging area. . The BASE is established at least 200 feet away from the high rise. . The BASE controls all companies in & out of the high rise. . The BASE uses OCPD to control traffic and block streets. . Apparatus should be parked diagonally at high rise incidents when possible. OPS/003.7 HIGH RISE LOBBY CONTROL . The Lobby Control Officer reports to the IC until the Logistics Section is utilized. . "Lobby Control" controls vertical access, recalls all elevators to ground level, controls air handling systems, monitors fire control station, contacts building engineer for keys to building, designates stairwells for specific uses, and keeps a status board of personnel entering/leaving. OPS/003.8 HIGH RISE INCIDENT COMMANDER . The first-arriving District Officer/Ride-out will assume/establish command. OPS/003.9 HIGH RISE OPERATIONS OFFICER . The Operations officer manages primary suppression, rescue, and EMS, and assigns/supervises Fire Attack, Staging, Division/Group supervisors, and Air operations. OPS/003.10 HIGH RISE STAIRWELL SUPPORT . The Stairwell Support Officer coordinates transport of equipment via stairwells, auxiliary water supply if required, and helicopter equipment transfer from roof to staging. . One member is to be present on every 2 floors of a stairwell and 1 officer will manage 4-5 members. OPS/003.11 HIGH RISE STANDARD FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT . Engine crews should have full PPE, including SCBA, high-rise hose pack/standpipe kit, forcible entry tools, hand lights, and portable radios for high-rises. . Rescue Ladder crews (including Rescue 8) should have full PPE, including SCBA, forcible entry tools, a rescue saw (not R8), rope (lifeline & rescue), hand lights, and portable radio. OPS/004 ELEVATORS . The 2 types of elevators are Electric or Traction and Mechanical or Hydraulic. . Loss of electrical power will stall any type of elevator. . Electric elevators are found in all building heights and used exclusively above 6-7 floors. . The hoistway cables and machine room for electric elevators is usually located near the roof. . Hydraulic elevators (powered by electric motor) are used in buildings less than 6-7 floors. . Hydraulic elevators do not have hoistway cables and the machine room is usually near the basement. . Hydraulic elevators can be lowered if stalled by activating the lowering valve, usually located in the machine room. . The machine brake is applied on all electric elevators when they stall. . Hydraulic elevators do not have a brake, the hydraulic pump stops instead.

Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 8 of 16 . Blown electrical fuses, power outage, and poor contact on door-closing devices are common causes of electrical failure. . Large elevators (i.e.-hospital cars) weigh about 5,000 lbs., smaller cars about 3,500 lbs. . NEVER pry upward on a car. The safeties may let the car fall. . NEVER enter an elevator in an emergency without forcible entry tools. . When ascending in an emergency situation, start and stop the elevator to ensure proper operation. . Elevators should be taken to the floor below the fire floor, using the stairwell from there for fire floor access. . "Any evacuation of passengers from elevator cars should be performed under supervision of elevator personnel" (Guide for Emergency Evacuation of Passengers from Elevators by ASME) . Suggested tools for an elevator rescue include: a short extension ladder, a folding ladder, radios, interlock release keys, safety belts, lifelines, forcible entry tools (axe, claw, & kelley), and flashlights. . Moving the car to a landing level is the preferred/safest method of evacuating passengers. . Any movement of elevators other than normal (Phase 1) operation, must be under the direct supervision of elevator personnel. . Ensure passengers know what is going to happen, if there are any injured passengers, and if lights are on in the car. . The mainline disconnect switch must be in the "ON" position and, if equipped, the emergency stop switch in the "RUN" position. . Activation of the Phase 1 lobby key switch, to return the car to the ground floor, should be attempted first. . The "ON" position of the main lobby switch will return elevators to ground floor if functional. . The "BYPASS" position of the main lobby switch shunts out sensing device circuits when heat or smoke initiates the return of elevators. . A three position switch identical to the main lobby switch is found in all cars that travel a distance over 70 feet and is only active when the main lobby switch is in the "ON" position. . The same key operates the main lobby switch and car switch. . Use of the manual standby power switch may be used in the event of a power outage to return elevators to ground floor. . To open doors by hand on cars at or near a landing, set the mainline disconnect switch to "OFF", open the doors by hand, and set the car's emergency stop switch to "STOP" if equipped. . Lunar keys are found on older Otis, Dover, Esco, Hunter-Hayes, and Montgomery elevators. . An 8" or 10" thin shank conventional screwdriver may be substituted for lunar or T-slot keys. . T-slot keys are used exclusively on Westinghouse elevators and the slot is found on the door jamb or door. . Drop keys (tamper-proof) are found on newer Otis, Dover, Esco, Hunter-Hayes, and Montgomery elevators and are used by turning the key away from the door edge. . Mainline disconnect switches can usually be found next to the entry of the equipment room. . With cars within 3 feet of landings, set the mainline switch to "OFF", unlock the hoistway door at the floor nearest the stalled elevator (with interlock release key), and open hoistway and car doors by hand. . To open doors from an adjacent car, take adjacent car to floor closest to stalled car and open doors, set mainline switch to "OFF", if equipped, extend a pike pole through the opening between the car and hoistway doors of the rescue car, engage the interlock roller, open doors by hand (or by forcible entry if necessary). . When opening doors with forcible entry tools, set the mainline switch to "OFF", place blade of tool at the top (center- closing doors) or where door and jamb meet (single-door). . NEVER pry on the bottom edge of a hoistway door to avoid wedging doors and preventing them from opening. . Always set the Emergency Stop Switch to the "OFF" position, if equipped, when using elevators above the ground floor. . Rescue from cars more than 3 feet from a landing should be performed through the top emergency exit with ladders. . New elevators in unenclosed hoistways do NOT have top emergency exits. . When performing rescue from cars more than 3 feet from a landing, set the mainline switch to "OFF", open the nearest landing door above the car, lower a ladder to the elevator top and secure (extending at least 3 feet above landing), lower a 2nd ladder into the top emergency exit (extending at least 3 feet above top of car). . All firefighters and passengers should be secured during rescues with a safety belt and tied off to a lifeline. . On top emergency exit rescues, 1 firefighter should remain at the landing, 1 on the top of the car, and 1 inside the car. . When using adjacent elevators with matching side emergency exits, move the rescue car using independent service, firefighters' service, or inspection mode to line up exits, set mainline switch to "OFF", use a 6 foot plank (span not exceed 30 inches) or evacuation bridge between cars. (all firefighters/passengers must be attached with safety belts to lifeline) . NEVER restore power to a stalled elevator. Tell elevator personnel what doors were forced, if any, and what switches were pulled. . The 2 types of manual service for elevators in OKC are Independent and Fire Service. . Independent Service consists of a toggle switch inside a locked portion of the operating panel for the car. . Activation of Independent Service disregards all hall-calls. Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 9 of 16 . A fire department operator is required at all times when in Independent elevator service. . Phase 1, which brings all elevators to ground floor, is found on all elevators that travel more than 25 feet, serve more than 3 landings, and/or are installed since May 1976. . Phase 1 switches are located approximately 6 feet from the floor, beside the elevator door. . Elevators installed after 1976 in buildings over 70 feet tall will have a Firemen's Emergency Return (Phase 2) inside the car and is operated by the same key as Phase 1. . Cars on Emergency Service must be manually operated by depressing the CLOSE DOOR button to close doors, and depress and hold the DOOR OPEN button until doors are completely open. . The Firemen's Emergency Return feature cannot be turned off except at lobby level and the key cannot be taken out in the "ON" position. . All elevator switch keys must be obtained from building personnel, they are not carried on apparatus. . Rule of thumb for personnel on elevators is 6 firefighters per load with gear during fire situations. . Regardless of building height, elevators without manual control are NOT to be used during fire situations. . A crew of 3 should be initially sent to determine the availability and control of elevators. . NEVER take elevators to the fire floor or pass the fire floor. . NEVER return UP in an elevator not in manual service mode. . NEVER use elevators in multiple hoistways unless all elevators are under fire department control. . The presence of photocells or electric eyes can be detected by observing light beams at 30" and 42" between the elevator and hoistway doors when in the open position. . Elevators with electric eyes may be locked in the open position when smoke is present. . Elevators buttons may melt at 450-500oF. . Photocells, electric eyes, and call buttons are cancelled when in manual control mode. . To locate a non-visible fire, first check the enunciator panel, then consult building personnel, and the elevator lobby panel (may show location of trapped victims). . With no visible fire, take manual control of the elevator and assign 1 firefighter and building personnel to investigate. The car's telephone may be used to communicate with lobby control. . During initial fire search, stop the elevator 5 floors below the suspected fire floor. . With fire visible, bring all elevators to ground floor and secure with Emergency Stop Switch in the "STOP" position, ensure HVAC system are shut down if necessary, evacuate by stairwell, and utilize SOP's for high-rise buildings. . With fires in elevator machine rooms, pull all mainline switches (near entrance to room), use Class C fire extinguisher on fire, and remove passengers from stalled elevators. . With fires in elevator hoistways, bring all elevators to ground floor and evacuate. . With fires in elevator pits or under the car, cars should be moved to the next lowest landing with mainline switches disconnected before extinguishing fire. . NEVER enter a hoistway above or below a car without pulling the mainline disconnects. . With earthquakes (warning given), bring elevators to ground floor and secure them. . With earthquakes (no warning), stop all elevators and secure by pulling mainline disconnect. . Electric Elevator Hoisting Machines are used for high speed, high-rise passenger service. . If trapped in a blind hoistway, first activate the "STOP" switch, open elevator doors, then breach the wall. . When trapped in a local service hoistway, first activate "STOP" switch, open elevator door, disengage hoistway lock, evacuate OR if unsuccessful, open top hatch, disengage lock, and evacuate. . Escalators, ramps, and manlifts generally travel less than 1-3 floors. . Enclosed escalators may qualify as an exit. . Escalator incidents usually involve feet caught where the steps terminate at the floor or coats caught step edge and skirt. . To secure escalators, pull the mainline disconnects under the top and bottom inspection plates (held in place by 4 screws) . With items caught between skirt and step edge of an escalator, use a pry bar or K-12 saw to free them. . Removal of escalator combs is used to free items caught where steps terminate. . Emergency stop and up/down switches are located at the top and bottom of escalators. . The key used for manual control of elevators usually fits escalators restart switches. ELEVATOR TERMINOLOGY . AUXILIARY POWER is standby power in the event of power failure. Time lapse between outage and backup power may be a few seconds to several minutes. . A BANK is a group or series of cars in a common hoistway. . BLIND SHAFTS are express hoistways without landing openings. . BRAKES are mechanical devices used to stop elevators during normal operation (like car brakes). . BURN-OUT is the burning out of automatic elevator door motors on doors that are wedged. . CABLES are hoisting cables or "ropes", also called "strings". . A CAR is a box or cage used for passenger/freight transportation. Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 10 of 16 . CAR BUFFERS are oil cylinders or spring cushions located in the elevator pit to prevent overtravel of the car. . CAR DOORS are doors of the elevator car (not hoistway doors). . CAR PANELS are the controls in the elevator car. . CONTINUOUS PRESSURE SWITCHES are switches that must remain depressed to provide a function. . COUNTERWEIGHTS are balancing weights found on cable-powered cars, usually the car's weight plus 40% of the car's carrying capacity. . COUNTERWEIGHT BUFFERS are oil cylinders or spring cushions that prevent overtravel of counterweights. . The CROSSHEAD is the main bar across the top of the car, similar to a main beam. . An AUTOMATIC DOOR LOCKING DEVICE is an electronically operated cam or roller used to lock hoistway doors. . DOOR OPERATORS consist of an electric motor and arm used to open/close car doors. . DRUM-TYPE ELEVATORS use a drum in the elevator room with hoisting cable wound about it to operate elevators. (found in older installations) . ELECTRIC TRACTION ELEVATORS have gearless machines with slow-speed motors on a shaft mounted on a traction sheave grooved for hoisting cables. (generally used for moving units over 400 feet/minute) . GOVERNORS are mechanical devices (generally fly-ball type) that limit car speed. . GROUP ZONING is grouping of cars installed and programmed to serve specific zones or areas of a building (local, intermediate, express) . GUIDE SHOES are brake type shoes which operate as roller guides. . HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCHES are key-operated switches, found at the top and lowest landing, for operation of hoistway doors. Normally found 72" above the ground and 12" to the side of the door. . HOISTWAY DOOR INTERLOCKS prevent movement of cars unless hoistway doors are closed and locked. . HOISTING ROPES are steel cables used to raise/lower cars. . HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS are cars mounted on top of a hydraulic plunger which is raised by oil pressure and lowered by gravity. May receive partial support from cables/counterweights. Generally used for lifts less than 65 feet and speeds less than 200 feet/minute. . A LANDING is the floor or floor level at which a car should stop. . A LANDING ZONE is a space about 18 to 30 inches, up or down, in which the car is expected to stop. . A LOAD WEIGHING BYPASS is a weight sensing device on the bottom of a car. Cars which exceed the pre-set weight limit will not stop at all stations and will bypass until the weight is adjusted. . The LOBBY is usually the main floor of a building. . The LOBBY PANEL, which is usually locked, is used to control elevators. Also called lobby control. . LOCAL HOISTWAYS are shafts with landing openings at each floor. . The MACHINERY ROOM (Motor Room) is an enclosed room housing elevator machinery and equipment. Generally locked in a penthouse (electric elevators) or located in the pit (hydraulic elevators). . The OIL POT is an oil pressure type brake used on some older installations. . OVERTRAVEL is travel of a car above or below the expected landing. . PARK is when a car returns to lobby level and "sleeps". . PHOTO CELLS (Photo-Electric Devices) are electric eyes used to activate door closing devices. Most cells are at hand and calf level with newer units covering the entire door area and space outward from the door. . The PIT is a sunken area under a hoistway used to house buffers and elevator equipment. . POSITION INDICATORS are found inside cars and in corridors indicating direction of travel and floor position. . POWER OPERATED DOORS are motor driven doors that slide to the side of the car. . ROLLER GUIDES are sets of small wheels or rollers mounted on a frame attached to the car and rolling on the rails. . SAFETIES are special mechanical emergency brakes on cars supported by cables. Activated if cables fail or car moves to fast (15-20% of rated speed). May not be hydraulic, electric, or pneumatic. Must have power returned to motor to deactivate. . SERVICE ELEVATORS are cars designed to carry passengers and freight. . SHAFT is another term for hoistway. . SIDE EMERGENCY EXITS are special openings on sides of a car, normally found on cars when hoistway landings are over 30" apart. Opening must be 60" high and 14" wide. A key must be used to open from inside the car and a handle is used outside the car. . SLEEP is an electronic process of putting a car in an area or landing of greatest potential use. Doors are closed and power is off. . TOP EMERGENCY EXITS are openings in the top of cars (20" x 20"). Newer installation may only be opened from the interior of the car. . A UNIT is a term for the complete elevator, including the car, hoistway, and machinery. . VENTILATION of cars traveling over 3 stories must be vented (mechanically) top and bottom and be in a vented hoistway. OPS/005 SPECIAL TOOLS & EQUIPMENT Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 11 of 16 . NO NOTES OPS/005.1 TAMPER-PROOF HYDRANT CAPS & WRENCHES . Tamper-proof caps can be found from Reno to N.W. 10th from Portland to Frisco Road. . Tamper-proof hydrant wrenches are issued to OKC, Bethany, Warr Acres, Yukon, and Mustang fire departments and do not replace existing hydrant wrenches. . Tamper-proof wrenches may have to be used in conjunction with regular hydrant wrenches due to the nut operating part of the wrench being non-adjustable.

OPS/005.2 SPECIAL TOOLS & EQUIPMENT-SALVAGE MASTER . The Salvage Master is a wet vac designed to be carried on the back. . Salvage Master operation includes ensuring motor is secured to tank, placing switch on right side of harness in the snap provided, using the swing-on method to don that apparatus (back support strap should ride just below the waist). . The disposal cap must be in place before operating motor. . When using a 3-prong to 2 prong adapter, loosen the wall plate and attach the ground pigtail. . The motor switch for the Salvage Master is located on the right harness and can be operated with the left hand. . The capacity of the Salvage Master is about 5.9 gallons of water. . The Salvage Master is equipped with a polyethylene clapper type float that rises up to the exhaust opening as the tank is filled until the float closes the exhaust hole (motor then shuts off). . The Salvage Master may be tilted up to 30 degrees from vertical in any direction. . To install floor accessories on a Salvage Master, loosen the threaded fitting retainer ring and insert tool. . Floor wands should be held with the left hand forward on the handle about 6 to 12 inches with the right hand (applying down pressure) on the hose connection as a fulcrum. . When using the squeegee attachment on a Salvage Master, pull the wand toward you. OPS/005.3 SPECIAL TOOLS & EQUIPMENT-SIERRA JUMBO MODEL 44 HOSE CLAMP . The Sierra Jumbo Model 44 Hose Clamp body is made of high tensile aluminum (stainless steel lock, bronze screw and nut) and handles hose ranging from 1 1/2" to 3". . The handle of a Sierra Jumbo hose clamp is 24" (turned clockwise to shut off flow) with a base of 8" by 17" long. . Hose clamps should be applied 20 feet behind the apparatus and 5 feet from the coupling on the supply side. . Sierra Jumbo hose clamps should not be used on 4" or 5" hose. OPS/005.4 SPECIAL TOOLS & EQUIPMENT-BANNER GUARD MARKERS FOR CROWD CONTROL, SAFETY HAZARDS, AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (UPDATED 12/16/99) . Banner guard can be used to limit entry into IDLH (Immediate Danger to Life & Health) condition areas. . If banner guard is to be used, the District Officer should be called. . Banner guard should be placed about 3 feet off the ground. . Banner guard should only be removed by the IC or designee and disposed of at the station. . When about 3/4 of a banner guard roll has been used, a work order should be sent to the Maintenance Shop for a replacement roll. . Crowd control banner guard is yellow with black letters, and should be used to control looting, provide evidence protection, and prevent unauthorized entry. . Crowd control banner guard can be found in all District Command vehicles in the ISO bag. . Safety banner guard is white with black letters. . Hazmat banner guard is orange with black letters. . Safety/Hazmat banner guard is used to identify zones or areas that present dangerous or hazardous conditions (determined by the IC). . Safety/Hazmat banner guard should encompass the entire hazard or mark all access points into the hazard area. . When Safety/Hazmat banner guard is used, the IC will identify by radio, the hazards/risks to all companies prior to entry into area. . Safety banner guard is carried on all District Command vehicles (in ISO bag), on the Deputy Chief of Operation's vehicle, and the Safety Officer's vehicle. . Hazmat banner guard is carried on Hazmat units, Special Operations vehicles, Safety Officer's vehicle, and all District Command vehicles (in ISO Go bags). OPS/006 INCIDENT REHABILITATION . The Rehab Group is utilized to assist personnel who suffer from the effects of sustained physical exertion. . The Rehab Group provides a physical assessment, revitalization (rest, refreshments), treatment of injuries, continuous monitoring of physical condition, and transportation for those in need of definitive medical care. . Each company member must no suersors if they reach a level of fatigue that could affect themselves or others. . The Rehab Officer typically reports to the Logistics Officer. Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 12 of 16 . Entry/Exit to Rehab Zone is marked with 2 traffic cones. . Rehab should be divided into 3 areas: immediate rehab, staged & ready firefighters, and medical evaluation & treatment. . Residential, commercial, and multiple alarm Rehab areas will be staffed with initially responding resources. . Rehab areas for multiple alarms will be staffed by greater alarm support personnel who will relieve the initial responders who staff the area. . All members reporting to the Rehab area will check in/out with the Rehab Officer at the Entry/Exit point. . The Rehab Officer will notify Logistics of companies ready for reassignment, identity of companies in rehab, and status of injured personnel. . The Rehab Area should include supplies such as Fluids, Food (Red Cross), Medical supplies, and others such as fans, tarps, heaters, floodlights, blankets, traffic cones. . Employees should hydrate (at least 8 ounces), while SCBA's are being filled. . During heat stress, employees should consume one quart (32 ounces) of water per hour. . Caffeinated and carbonated drinks should be avoided during rehydration. . The American Red Cross may provide nourishment on extended incidents of 3 hours or more. . Rest periods should not be less than 10 minutes and may exceed 1 hour as determined by the Rehab Officer. . In the Medical Evaluation Area, the employee's heart rate is measured for 30 seconds. If heart rate is >110bpm, a temperature should be taken. . If an employee's temperature exceeds 100.6oF, PPE should not be worn. . Vital signs will be taken every 5 to 10 minutes while in the Medical Evaluation Area. OPS/007.1 EMERGENCY RESPONSES-COMMERCIAL & RESIDENTIAL (UPDATED 1/15/03) . With nothing showing, remaining companies will go to Level 1 staging. . With smoke or fire showing, Command will decide the Strategic Mode and assign Tactical Priorities (Life Safety, Incident Stabilization, Property Conservation, and Continue to provide for the safety and accountability of personnel). OPS/007.2 EMERGENCY RESPONSES-SINGLE COMPANY-ALL EMERGENCY SITUATIONS . Command of the incident will be assumed by the Company/Acting Officer. OPS/008 WILDLAND FIRES (UPDATED 1/15/03) . Special wildland tactics/methods can be found in IFSTA Fundamentals of Wildland Firefighting. . The Assistant Chief of Department or Deputy Chief will determine if task force response will be required for all grass fires during grass season. . A normal response to a grass fire will be determined by information gathered by Dispatch. . A direct attack is working from the burned side, starting at the head, and working down the flank on the windward side. . The indirect attack method is protecting exposures and allowing fire to burn to natural or manmade fire breaks. . Four-wheel drive brush pumpers are the only rigs that should normally be used off roadways. . In most cases, the Fast Attack mode is most advantageous. . Command should consider rotating crews every 4 hours or so on extended incidents. . Burning out is an offensive tactic used with the indirect attack and should only be done on orders from IC. . The 2nd-in brush pumper should go immediately to Tandem Attack mode and follow the 1st-in brush pumper. . A minimum of 3 brush pumpers would be required on the 1st alarm of a medium or large grass fire. . Use of turrets on tankers should be considered for firebreaks along roadways. . Engines and tank pumpers at grass fires are used primarily for exposure protection. . Rescue Ladders at grass fires are used for fireline staffing. . A 3/8" or less solid stream nozzle works best on love grass. . If the need for mutual aid is questionable, have dispatch notify mutual aid companies to be on standby. . Available OCFD units should be utilized before requesting mutual aid. . The fire department having jurisdiction where the fire originated should be in Command. . OCFD personnel shall not ride on mutual aid equipment or vice versa. . For point-to-point communication, fireground companies should switch handsets to 8 plus the primary channel (reception is limited to about 1 mile). . Southeast fire companies may use channel 1, however, it reduces the radio traffic to the rest of the city. . Channel 4 may be used to contact mutual aid companies directly. . The crossband repeater on District Command vehicles is utilized by tuning to the channel being used plus 100 (i.e.- Channel 11 +100=Channel 111 on crossband). . The on-scene DAA (at CP) may set up a line of communication between mutual aid companies by use of one of their handhelds. WILDLAND TERMS . BACKFIRING is a defensive tactic where fires are intentionally set ahead of a moving fire, utilizing natural or manmade fire breaks. Only used when Direct Attack is not feasible.

Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 13 of 16 . BRUSH PUMPERS are fire apparatus specifically adapted for fighting ground cover fires. Usually 4 wheel drive and carry approximately 300 gallons of water. . The HEAD OF FIRE is the downwind, leading edge of the fire. . MUTUAL AID COMPANIES are those that have an agreement with OCFD to assist when requested. May be paid or volunteer. . A TANDEM ATTACK is a direct attack where one or more units follow each other along the fireline with the lead unit using all of their water before the following unit takes over. . A TANKER is an apparatus with a water tank 1,000 gallons or larger that is used for transporting water. . A TANK PUMPER is an apparatus with a large booster tank, usually 750 gallons, and is designed to pump-and-roll, utilizing a built-in pump and an auxiliary pump. Most are 2 wheel drive and not designed for off-road use. . A TASK FORCE is an initial response consisting of 1 Engine company, 1 Tank Pumper, and 1 Brush Pumper. . A WATER SUPPLY APPARATUS is an apparatus used to supply water (includes tankers, engines, tank pumpers). Water may be obtained from on-board tanks, hydrants, or drafted from creeks, rivers, ponds, and swimming pools. TANKER OPERATIONS . Tanker apparatus may be used to fill fold-a-tanks, supply handlines from tank, or nurse feed an engine or tank pumper. . Shuttle turn time and shuttle GPM flow are two important factors in successful tanker operations. . Shuttle turn time is the time it takes a tanker to leave the scene, return with water, and dump its load. . Shuttle GPM flow must meet or exceed that of firefighting apparatus. FOLD-A-TANKS . In a single-tank drop, a tanker will drop off one tank, unload water, and pull off both hard suction hoses. Water is then drafted from the tank by an engine or floto-pump. . In a multiple-tank drop (Diamond Method), tanks are placed corner to corner with the first tank being the drop for the tanker and the draft tank for the fire attack engine. . For a continuous water supply, multiple fold-a-tanks will need to be connected by filling the 2nd tank with tanker water, placing hard suction hose into the 2nd tank, submerging, and allowing air to escape, then seal the end and quickly place in other tank. . Hopping Tanks is a method used with moving grass fires where tanks will be dropped, filled, and moved as needed. . The dump site location is the location that the tank(s) is dropped (drain hole at lowest point). . Nurse feeding is hooking up of feeder line from the discharge on the tanker to the suction of a pumper. . The nursing method is used on small fires and with less than 3,000 gallons needed. . An engine should be used at the fill site to refill apparatus when possible, if not, 2 large 250 gpm floto pumps may be used by siamesing the two 3 inch discharges into the apparatus' intake. . With minimum access and adequate terrain, a full tank pumper can be positioned in the center of the burned area. When it is 3/4 empty, another will take its place. TANKER OPERATIONS TERMS . FIRE FLOW is the total GPM to control and extinguish a fire. . FLOTO PUMPS are portable floating pumps used to draft water from static water sources. Small pumps are 95 GPM and large pumps are 250 GPM. . FOLD-A-TANKS are portable tanks carried on all OCFD tankers which hold 2,500 gallons each. . TANKERS are fire apparatus with tank capacity of 1,000 gallons or larger, whose primary purpose is transporting water. OCFD tankers hold 2,500 gallons. . A WATER SUPPLY is a source of water (hydrants, ponds, pools, tankers) for use in fire fighting operations. . A WATER SUPPLY OFFICER is a position staffed as needed to locate a sufficient water supply, calculating GPM needed, determining travel routes, number of tankers needed, and turn-around time. OPS/009 BACK UP LINE (ADDED 8/15/00) . A back up line is a charged line of equal or larger diameter placed to back up the attack crew. . Back up lines should follow the attack line close enough to protect the attack crew. . If fire overpowers the attack line, the back up line may be used for fire attack (another back up line should be pulled). . Only 1 back up line is needed if 2 attack lines are used in the same entrance. OPS/010 EMERGENCY SCENE TRAFFIC CONTROL (ADDED 8/15/00) . Exit curb-side or non-traffic side of apparatus when possible. . Always face traffic when placing cones. . The IC or Company Officer will act as initial safety officer when traffic control is needed. . Companies should not be returned until an adequate safe work zone has been created (even on non-injury accidents). . Apparatus should be placed to provide greater lateral protection, utilization of reflective striping, and promote flow of traffic. . When operating in the vicinity of sight distance obstructions (hills, curves), additional apparatus should be placed in the same lane as incident, prior to the obstruction. Recommended Guidelines Speed (mph) Length (feet) Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 14 of 16 25 55 35 120 for Length of a Safe Work 45 220 Zone 55 335 65 485 . Each apparatus should have at least three 28 inch traffic cones. . Cones should be placed starting at 100 feet behind the unit angling toward the flow of traffic. . Flares should not be used to direct traffic. . For extended incidents, the Emergency Barricade Truck Traffic Management Division can be contacted. . Minimum PPE for a traffic-related incident includes helmet and reflective vest or bunker coat. . Cones should be picked up starting closest to the incident working away. OPS/011 PERSONNEL ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM (PAS) (UPDATED 1/15/03) . The company board is a 3" x 6" card with velcro hook strip on the front and velcro loop strip on the back and contains the name of organization (OCFD), company identification, up to 5 name tags, and company ID tag. . The company officer will be the first name under the company identification tag on the Company Board. .  5 extra blank Company Boards with blank ID's are kept in each Suppression Chief's car. . The Company ID tag is a 0.75" x 2.5" plastic card with velcro loop on the back and contains the name of organization (OCFD) and company identification and is carried on the underside brim of the officer's helmet. . Emergency evacuation (3 horn blasts) signals all scene personnel to evacuate and perform a Personnel Accountability Report (PAR). . Helmet Identification Tags are 2" x 4" retro-reflective tags with velcro loop backing placed on helmets to designate company individual is assigned to (White=Chief, Red=Officer, Green=Driver, Yellow=Firefighter, Orange=Non- Suppression Staff). . Name Tags are 0.75" x 2.5" plastic cards with velcro loop backing labeled with OCFD and employee name. . 20 extra blank Name/Company ID tags are carried on each Suppression Chief's cars. . The company officer must visually check to confirm the crew is accounted for during a PAR. . Flashover, collapse, missing personnel, change from offensive to defensive, and other situations deemed necessary may precipitate a PAR being called by the IC. . The purpose of a PAR is for every supervisor to know 1) Who are they responsible for? 2) Where are they? 3) What are they doing? . A Status Board is a board with hook velcro on front and/or back and is used to account for location, activity, time in, etc of crew. . The Status board should be able to hold a minimum of 5 company ID's. . Status Boards may be used at the CP or at all entry points. . 5 extra Status Boards are kept on the Battalion Chief's cars. . On arrival at an incident, the Company Officer will announce the apparatus ID and location (i.e.-E1, Level 1 Staging). . The Company Officer is responsible for turning in the Company ID tag to the supervisor at the point of entry (Staging, Command, Operations, Rescue, Ventilation, etc.). . Operations Chiefs, Branch Directors, and/or Division/Group/Sector Supervisors are responsible for knowing the company assignments, Time-in, and Location/Activity. . When a Personal Alert Device (PAD) Activation occurs or a "Mayday" is called, all radio traffic will cease, IC will activate the RIT team, IC will initiate a PAR, and IC will request an additional alarm. . Emergency traffic should include location of company reporting, approximate location of problem, and environmental conditions. . With an "urgent" call, all radio traffic will cease, IC will determine if a PAR is necessary, and IC will evaluate circumstances or conditions reported. . Accountability officers can be any uniformed OCFD employee assigned to the Operations Branch. . If an incident escalates, an Accountability Group will be established consisting of more than one Accountability Officer. . The Accountability Officer will be responsible for arriving Mutual Aid, EMS, and other non-OCFD personnel. . Arriving company officers will remove the company ID from the helmet of the officer they are relieving and place under the brim of their helmet. OPS/012 RAPID INTERVENTION TEAM (RIT) (ADDED 4/6/01) . RIT teams are specifically for rescuing emergency personnel operating at any incident with potential IDLH, physical, or health hazards. . The RIT team consists of a minimum of 3 personnel fully equipped with full PPE, tools, and radio. . 2 in 2 out compliance {OSHA 29 CFR 1910,134 (g)(4)} is required on incidents requiring interior attack or operations in IDLH conditions. . The RIT team on a commercial response will be designated by the IC from the companies responding. Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 15 of 16 . Dispatch will automatically send one company of 3 personnel or more upon the first arriving company stating that an interior attack will be made. . 2 in 2 out will be in effect until the RIT team reports to the IC. . Upon arrival, the RIT team will report to the IC with tools and equipment. The leader of the RIT team will be briefed on the status (structural concerns, fire conditions, location/function of companies, strategic goals, and command structure). . RIT teams will make their own size up of the situation including collapse potential, alternate entry/egress, problems in gaining access, and number of RIT teams/personnel adequate. After size up, RIT team will return to CP.

OPS/013 RAPID DEPLOYMENT & RESCUE OPERATIONS FOR ACTIVE CRIME SCENES (ADDED 4/6/01) . The Rapid Deployment & Rescue Operations for Active Crime Scenes SOP establishes procedures for safe and effective management of civilian casualties resulting from criminal suspect(s) actively engaged in the process of killing or attempting to kill other persons. . An active shooter is one who does not barricade themselves and take hostages but have demonstrated the intention to kill or injure. . EMS staging will be adjacent to Fire staging at a crime scene. . The IC must establish face-to-face communication with PD to determine if threats have been eliminated before proceeding into a crime scene. . PD contact teams will consist of 2-6 person teams who locate and stop violent behavior. . PD initial contact teams will not provide first aid, evacuation, or triage until immediate threat has been eliminated. . Police tactical units and bomb squad will be out of the scene before it is cleared for other personnel to enter. . Fire/EMS operations in the crime scene are under the authority and protection of law enforcement personnel. . Fire/Police rescue teams will be formed to evacuate civilians and civilian casualties. . Rescue teams will assemble backboards and C-collars from rigs and EMS rigs. . Rescue teams consist of 2 firefighters minimum (preferably 4) and 1 police officer minimum. . Fire Rescue Teams will report to police staging/triage treatment area for integration of teams. . Movement of rescue teams will be under the direction of the police officer. . Fire personnel will not enter areas in front of police officers. . Triage/treatment area will be set up just outside the unsecured area and in an area that allows for ingress/egress of EMS vehicles. . Casualties will not be triaged inside the unsecured area, however, a black tag may be attached to identify dead. . Firefighter carries may be utilized in the event there are not enough backboards. . Transport medics must remain on their rigs at all times unless reassigned. . A separate and safer triage area for walking wounded may be set up away from the main triage area. OPS/014 MEDI-FLIGHT PROCEDURES (ADDED 9/21/01) . The IC may contact Medi-Flight directly with information if a cell phone is available on scene, otherwise, contact Dispatch. . Information to be relayed for Medi-Flight includes: map number, main/cross street and/or direction/distance from major intersection, type of accident, brief description of patient injuries, number of victims, communications (radio) channel, agency (OCFD), and call-back number. . If GPS is available, give coordinates for Landing Zone (LZ) OR direction/distance from the GPS-equipped apparatus to the LZ. . The LZ must be 60' x 60' (day) or 100' x 100' (night/high winds). . Pilot should be advised of Terrain, Obstacles, Wind Direction, and Wires (T.O.W.W.). . The LZ should have less than a 5 degree slope. . Civilians must be kept at least 150 feet from helicopter at all times. . The LZ can be illuminated with chemical lights, headlights, or spotlight (do not direct at helicopter). . Apparatus should leave emergency lights on so helicopter can spot the scene. . Approach/Departure lanes should be clear of obstacles 100-150 feet up and downwind of the LZ. . Do NOT approach unless told so by pilot/crew member, and ONLY from the front (use downhill side if on slope to approach). . The landing guide person should be at least 100 feet from the helicopter with back to the wind and should leave the area when helicopter is on final approach. . Landing area should be no closer than 50 yards from the scene. . There should be no smoking or running within 50 feet of the helicopter. . Do not assist crew members with opening/closing doors.

Copyright FireNotes, Inc.® (OCFD.com) Duplication Of Hard Copy Prohibited Without Consent BOOK: Operations I SECTION: Suppression Emergency (CHIEF NOTES) Page 16 of 16 . Helicopters should NOT be used on the following patients: 1) Cardiac arrest without return of spontaneous circulation in the field, 2) trauma patients with trauma score of 4 or less, 3) trauma patients not meeting Code One Trauma Alert criteria, or 4) patients with stable vitals and without serious illness. . Helicopters are seldom used within a 10 mile radius of the hospital-based helicopter unless multiple patients of serious nature require rapid transport or road conditions would delay ground transport. . If incident is further than a 10 mile radius from the hospital-based helicopter, Medi-Flight may be called if patient has a time sensitive problem (and Medi-Flight would be faster) or transport time by ground would be detrimental to the patient (and EMSA is not yet on scene). . First Responder agency or EMSA may cancel helicopter if patient's condition warrants it. . Fire or law enforcement is responsible for a safe LZ. . Helicopter utilization is reviewed by the Office of the Medical Director of the Medical Control Board.