Chapter 1: What Is Psychology s1

Chapter 1: What is Psychology

_____ 1. You just attended a lecture on the history and foundations of psychology. You have to write a report on the lecture. The speaker stated at one point that the behavioral psychological perspective is rooted in the work of structuralist Wilhelm Wundt. Would you write in your report that this statement was true or false? Page: 12

_____ 2. Structuralists were concerned with breaking human consciousness down into its essential components. Page 9-10

_____ 3. Psychology emerged from the disciplines of philosophy, biology and physiology. Page 11

_____ 4. William James believed that introspection was the key to understanding the basic elements of consciousness. Page 10

_____ 5. James is a psychologist who studies how individuals’ thinking and behavior are influenced by groups. His particular area of specialization is known as personality psychology. Page 5

_____ 6. The work of William James and John B. Watson is sometimes known as “mental chemistry.” Page: 10, 12

_____ 7. Your neighbor chose a clinical psychologist for therapy, telling you that the deciding factor was that a clinical psychologist has a Medical Degree (M.D.) Your neighbor is mistaken. Page: 18

_____ 8. Neuroscientists are coming very close to understanding the connection between brain and behavior. Page: 17

_____ 9. Humanists believe that people can change their own fates through conscious decisions. Page: 13

_____ 10. Sigmund Freud believed that early family relationships shape the personality. Page: 13

_____ 11. John B. Watson is associated with the school of structuralism. Page: 12

_____ 12. Pretend that you are a psychoanalyst. A patient comes to you feeling excessive guilt over what seem to you to be some pretty normal behaviors. She does not understand why some things she does do not appear to be related to any conscious thoughts or decisions on her part. From your perspective, the psychodynamic approach, you tell her that this is normal, because there are so many unconscious determinants of behavior. Page: 13

_____ 13. You are trying to explain to a group how the sociocultural approach examines the influence of environments on behavior. One way you could elaborate on this is to tell them that this approach emphasizes the importance of adaptation and survival. Page: 14

_____ 14. Dr. Phil’s father was a psychiatrist, while Dr. Phil himself is a clinical psychologist. One difference between them is that his father could prescribe drugs, whereas Dr. Phil cannot. Page: 18

_____ 15. Dexter is a forensic psychologist. Part of his job would be to examine the brains of people who are deceased. Page: 20