CURRICULUM VITAE SHARON A. CARSTENS

Education Ph.D. 1980 Anthropology Cornell University M.A. 1976 Anthropology Cornell University M.A. 1972 Asian Studies University of Hawaii B.A. 1970 History Michigan State University

Employment 2010 - Director, Institute for Asian Studies 1997 - Professor, Department of Anthropology, Portland State University 1989 - 1997 Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology Portland State University 1987 - 1989 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology Portland State University 1981 - 1987 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology Beloit College Beloit, Wisconsin 1980 - 1981 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology University of the South Sewanee, Tennessee

Refereed Publications: Monographs In Press, 2012. Language Through Culture, Culture Through Language:A Framework for K-8 Mandarin Curriculum (Bilingual: English and Chinese). (Chief Editor: Carstens; Authors: Carstens, Whyte, Cheng; Translators: Wang, Carstens).Peking University Press. 310 pp. 2005 Histories, Cultures, Identities: Studies in Malaysian Chinese Worlds. Singapore: University of Singapore Press. 314 pp. 1986 Cultural Identity in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. (Editor)Ohio University Press, 91 pp. 1975 Chinese Associations in Singapore Society: An Examination of Function and Meaning. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Occasional Paper No. 37, Singapore, 30 pp.

Refereed Publications: Book Chapters 2007 The Spiritual World of a Hakka Village. In Hakka Ethnic and Local Society: The Experiences of Taiwan and Global. Edited by Chiou Chang-Tay and Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao. Taiwan: National Central University, pp. 385-435. 2001 Border Crossings: Hakka Chinese Lessons in Diasporic Identities. In Chinese Populations in Contemporary Southeast Asian Societies: Identities, Interdependence and International Influence. Edited by M. Jocelyn 1 Armstrong, R. Warwick Armstrong and Kent Mulliner. Richmond, Surrey, UK, Curzon Press, pp. 188-209. 1996 Form and Content in Hakka Malaysian Culture. In Guest People: Hakka Identity in China and Abroad. Nicole Constable, ed. Seattle: University of Washington Press, pp. 124-148. 1993 Chinese Culture and Polity in 19th Century Malaya: The Case of Yap Ah Loy. In “Secret Societies” Reconsidered: Perspectives on the Social History of Modern South China and Southeast Asia. Edited by David Ownby and Mary Heidhues. Armonk, NY: M.E.Sharpe, pp. 120-152. Chinese translation published in Jilongpo Kaituozhe de Zuji. Edited by Li Yelin. Kuala Lumpur: Huazi Resource and Research Center. 1997. 1988 Chinese Publications and the Transformation of Chinese Culture in Malaysia and Singapore. In Changing Identities of the Southeast Asian Chinese since World War II. Edited by Wang Gungwu and Jennifer Cushman. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, pp.75-95. 1986 Introduction. Cultural Identity in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. Edited by Sharon Carstens. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, pp. 1-11. 1986 Public and Private Definitions of Cultural Identity in a Chinese Malaysian Settlement. In Cultural Identity in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. Edited by Sharon Carstens. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, pp.75-91. 1983 Pulai, Hakka, Chinese Malaysians: A Labyrinth of Cultural Identities. In The Chinese in Southeast Asia: Identity, Culture and Politics. Edited by Peter Gosling and Linda Lim. Singapore: Maruzen Press, pp. 79-98.

Refereed Publications: Journal Articles 2010 “Conceptualizing and Teaching Chinese Culture in K-8 Mandarin Bilingual Programs” Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 43 (3): 25-64. 2007 The Spiritual World of a Hakka Village. Taiwan Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 4 (1): 29-64. 2003 Constructing Transnational Identities? Mass Media and the Malaysian Chinese Audience. Ethnic and Racial Studies 26 (2): 321-344. 1999 Dancing Lions and Disappearing History: The National Culture Debates and Chinese Malaysian Culture. Crossroads 13(1):11-64. 1998 Pulai: Miners, Farmers, and Rebels in the Malayan Hinterland. Journal of the South Seas Society 53:5-34. 1998 Gender, Temple, and Community in a Chinese Malaysian 2 Settlement. Journal of Malaysian Chinese Studies 2:85- 98. 1988 From Myth to History: Yap Ah Loy and the Heroic Past of Chinese Malaysians. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 19(2): 185-208 (1988). Chinese translation published in Haiwai Huaren Yenjiu (Overseas Chinese Research), Vol. 2, and in Jilongpo Kaituozhe de Zuji. Edited by Li Yelin. Kuala Lumpur: Huazi Resource and Research Center. 1980 Pulai: Memories of a Gold Mining Settlement in Ulu Kelantan. Journal of the Malaysian Branch Royal Asiatic Society 54 (2): 50-67.

Book Reviews 2008 The Business of Politics and Ethnicity: A History of the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce & Industry by Sikko Visscher. Asian Studies Review 32(2): 280-281. 2006 Chinese Indonesians: Remembering, Distorting, Forgetting. Edited by Tim Lindsey and Helen Pausacker. Indonesia 82 (October 2006): 121-124. 2006 Historicizing Online Politics: Telegraphy, the Internet, and Political Participation in China by Zhou Yongming. American Anthropologist 108(4): 2005 Rites of Belonging: Memory, Modernity, and Identity in a Malaysian Chinese Community by Jean DeBernardi. Journal of Asian Studies 64(2):513-515. 2004 Chinese Minority in a Malay State by Tan Chee-Beng. Sojourn 19(2): 304-307. 2002/2003 Comet in our Sky: Lim Chin Siong in History. Edited by Tan Jing Quee and K. S. Jomo. Pacific Affairs 75(4): 647-648. 2000 Heroic Images of Ming Loyalists: A Study of the Spirit Tablets of the Ghee Hin Kongsi Leaders in Singapore by David Chng. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 31(2):443-444. 1999 Temple of Memories: History, Power and Morality in a Chinese Village by Jun Jing and China’s Catholics: Tragedy and Hope in an Emerging Civil Society by Richard Madsen. American Ethnologist 26(3):753-755. 1999 Reason and Passion: Representations of Gender in a Malay Society by Michael G. Peletz. Journal of Asian Studies 58(3):905-906. 1998 Malaysian and the “Original People”: A Case Study of the Impact of Development on Indigenous Peoples by Robert Knox Denton, Kirk Endicott, Alberto G. Gomes, and A. B. Hooker. Journal of Asian Studies 57 (1): 272-273. 3 1994 Ah Ku and Karayuki-san: Prostitution in Singapore, 1870- 1940 by James F. Warren. Journal of Asian Studies 53 (2): 522-523. 1994 Creating Chinese Ethnicity: Subei People in Shanghai 1850- 1980 by Emily Honig. Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs 31: 133-135. 1992 Ethnic Chinese Abroad, Yen Ching-Hwang, ed. (Special Issue of Asian Culture, Vol 14 (In English and Chinese). Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 23 (1): 164-166. 1992 Sumatran Politics and Poetics by John Bowen. Journal of Interdisciplinary History 23 (1): 234-235. 1991 Opium to Java: Revenue Farming and Chinese Enterprise in Colonial Indonesia, 1860-1910 by James Rush. Journal of Asian Studies 50 (2): 466-467. 1990 Hsin Chia P'o Hua Jen Shih Lun Ts'ung (Collected Essays on the Chinese in Nineteenth Century Singapore) by David Chng. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, November 1990, 3 pp. 1990 A Share of the Harvest: Kinship, Property, and Social History Among the Malays of Rembau by Michael Peletz. Journal of Asian History 23 (2): 187-188. 1990 Concubines and Bondservants: A Social History by Maria Jaschok. Committee on Women in Asian Studies Newsletter, Spring 1990, 2 pp. 1989 Chinese Politics in Malaysia: A History of the Malaysian Chinese Association by Heng Pek Koon. Journal of Asian Studies 48 (3): 677-678. 1988 From Kampung to City: A Social History of Kuching Malaysia 1820-1970 by Craig Lockard. Journal of Asian History 22 (2): 106-107. 1982 Chinese Village Politics in the Malaysian State by Judith Strauch. China Quarterly 91: 532-533.

Non-Refereed Publications 1985 Review of Colloquium on Malaysian Social and Economic History, 8-10 June 1985. Asian Studies Association of Australia Review 9 (1): 5 pp. 1978 Images of Pulai: Then and Now. Kelantan Planters Association Yearbook 1978, pp. 92-97.

Professional Presentations 2010 "Developing an Integrated Language/Culture Curriculum for K-8 Mandarin Students" Joint presentation with Tien Whyte, Li-Ling Cheng, Lily Tsang, Guo Wen-Chyou. Chinese Education Conference, San Francisco, April 2010. 2007 “Conceptualizing and Teaching Chinese Culture in K-8 4 Second Language Programs” American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages Annual Convention. San Antonio, November 2007. 2006 “Malayan Hakka Worlds.” Invited lecture for College of Hakka Studies, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan. November 2006. 2006 “The Spiritual World of a Hakka Village.” Invited presentation for The First International Conference on Hakka Studies in Taiwan. Taipei, October 2006. 2006 “Conceptualizing and Teaching Chinese Culture in K-8 Second Language Programs.” Cultures and Languages Across the Curriculum 2nd Annual Conference. Portland, October 2006. 2006 “Teaching Chinese in K-8 Bilingual Programs.” Asian Studies on the Pacific Coast Annual Conference. Washington State University, June 2006. 2005 “What Does It Mean to Be Chinese? Malaysian Chinese Identities.” Invited Public Lecture at Central University for Nationalities, Beijing. June 2005. 2002 “The Impact of Chinese Transnational Media on Chinese Malaysian Identities.” Presented on Panel which I organized and chaired entitled “Beyond Ethnicity: Identity and Culture in Contemporary Malaysia and Singapore” Annual Meetings Association for Asia Studies, Washington D.C. 2000 “Constructing Transnational Identities: Mass Media and the Chinese Malaysian Audience." Invited paper for “International Conference on Transnational Communities in the Asia-Pacific Region.” Centre for Advanced Studies, National University of Singapore. 1998 “Globalization and Local Response: The Case of Transnational Programs and the Malaysian Chinese Audience.” Invited presentation for the Department of Mass Communications, Universiti Malaya and for the Centre for Advanced Studies, National University of Singapore. 1997 “Border Crossings: New Perspectives on Diasporic Identities.” Invited paper presented at University of Illinois Conference, “Chinese Populations in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Regional Interdependence and International Influence.” University of Illinois. 1996 “Gender, Ritual and Community Identity in a Hakka Malaysian Settlement.” Invited paper presented at the Third International conference on Hakkaology, Singapore. 1995 “Temple and Community in a Chinese Malaysian Settlement.” Presented at Asian Studies on the Pacific 5 Coast Conference. Edmonton, Canada. 1994 “Rewriting History and Reworking Culture: The National Culture Debates and Chinese Malaysian Culture.” Invited seminar presentation for the Southeast Asia Program at the University of Oregon. 1993 “Dancing Lions and Disappearing History: Chinese Malaysian Culture and the Malaysian State.” Presented on Panel which I organized and chaired entitled; “Malaysian National Culture: Contending Voices and Visions.” Annual Meetings, Association for Asian Studies, Boston. 1991 “Form and Content in Hakka Malaysian Culture.” Presented on a Panel entitled “What Does it Mean to be Hakka.” Annual Meetings, Association for Asian Studies, New Orleans. 1990 "Ritual and Gender in a Chinese Malaysian Community". Invited Seminar Presentation for the Southeast Asia Program at the University of Oregon. 1990 "Gender Reflections and Refractions in Chinese Malaysian Religion." Presented on panel which I organized and chaired entitled "Malaysian Chinese Religion: Syncretic Discourse and Practice in Social Perspective" 1990 Meeting, Association for Asian Studies, Chicago, Illinois. 1989 "Strategies for Survival: Village State Relations in Pulai Malaysia." Presented at the Joint Conference of CCSEAS and Northwest Regional Consortium for SE Asian Studies, Vancouver, B.C. Canada 1988 "Chinese Leadership and Power in 19th Century Malaya: the Case of Yap Ah Loy". Presented at the 1988 Annual Meetings of the Association for Asian Studies, San Francisco. 1986 "From Myth to History: Yap Ah Loy and the Heroic Past of Chinese Malaysians". Invited paper, presented to the Department of Anthropology, University of Chicago; and to the Asian Studies and History Departments, Rutgers University. 1985 "Chinese Publications and the Transformation of Chinese Culture in Malaysia and Singapore". Invited paper prepared for a Symposium on the Cultural Identity of Chinese in Southeast Asia after World War II. Australian National University, Canberra. 1985 "Understanding Female Experiences in a Chinese Malaysian Settlement." Paper presented at ACM Conference at Monmouth College entitled "Educating Students on Third World Women's Issues." Revised version presented at Beloit College for Phi Beta Kappa, May 1986. 6 1983 "Yap Ah Loy: The Making of a Hero." Presented as part of a panel on Malaysian Social History, Southeast Asian Studies Conference, Ann Arbor. 1983 "Concepts of Power among Chinese Immigrants in Nineteenth Century Malaya: The Case of Yap Ah Loy." Presented at the 1983 Annual Meetings of the Association for Asian Studies, San Francisco. 1982 "Religious Rituals and Cultural Identity in a Chinese Malaysian Settlement." Invited paper prepared for a 1980 conference sponsored by the Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies of the University of Michigan entitled, "The Chinese in Southeast Asia: Ethnicity and Economic Activity." Presented in revised form for the Southeast Asian Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1982. 1980 "Public and Private Definitions of Cultural Identity in a Chinese Malaysian Settlement." Presented at the Annual Meetings of the American Anthropological Association, Washington, D.C. 1979 "Pulai, Hakka, Chinese, Malaysians: A Labyrinth of Cultural Identities." Presented at the New England Conference Meetings, Association for Asian Studies. 1979 "Pulai: Memories of a Gold Mining Settlement in Ulu Kelantan." Presented at a History Department Seminar, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.

Courses Taught Anth 103 Introduction to Sociocultural Anthropology Anth 301 Culture and Ethnography Anth 304 Social Theory Anth 305 Culture Theory Anth 312U Southeast Asian Societies and Cultures Anth 316U Traditional East Asia Anth 318U Asian American Experience Anth 412/512 Research Methods in Cultural Anthropology Anth 430/530 Myth, Ritual and Symbol Anth 432/532 Women, Culture, and Society Anth 435/535 Visual Anthropology Anth 446/546 Chinese Society and Culture Anth 510 Computer Applications in Anthropology (team taught) Anth 511 Graduate Core Seminar in Cultural Anthropology Anth/Hist 399 Modern China (team taught) IS 399 Asian Worlds (Interdisciplinary course) Unst 101,102,103 Freshman Inquiry: The Many Places of Portland Unst 216 Sophomore Inquiry: Introduction to Asian Studies

7 M.A. Thesis Advisor: 2009-2012 Phil Sweeney, Jesse Morphet-Brown, Cindy Martin, Stephanie Jones, Laura Hill, Hillary Montouri 2008 Bradley Fortier, “Long Form Improvisation: A Shifting and Adapting Ritual” 1997 Catherine Douillet, “Gender, Identity, and Power in an African-American Church.” 1994 David Moore, “I Don’t Speak My Own Language: Ethnicity Among the Malayalees of Singapore.” 1992 Pui-lam Lo, “Ethnic Identity Change among Hong Kong Chinese in Portland.” 1992 Pat MacAodha, “Waitperson/Customer Interaction as an Example of Community.” 1990 Janet Cannon, “Patriarchy and Female Networking in Contemporary Polygynous Communities -- A Study of Mormon Fundamentalism.”

MA/PhD Student Committees: 2008-2011 2010-2011 MA Anthropology: Francoise Bourdonnec 2009-2010 MA Anthropology: Jennifer Haynes-Clark, Juan Zea MA History: Manuel Herrera, History MFA Photography: Motoya Nakamura 2008-2009 MA Anthropology: Eliot Scott, Mary Soots, Eric Wynkoop MA History: Martin Patell PhD Urban Studies: Yongxia Kou

Service to Community 2010 Organizer and Lead Instructor: Islam in Asia: K-12 Teacher Workshop, June 19-20 (in conjunction with ASPAC Conference) 2010 Commentator for U Oregon Portland Film Screening, Ivy Lin, “Come Together Home” Portland Chinese and Lone Fir Cemetery, Feb. 9. 2009 Commentator for NW Film Center China film, “Good Cats”, Sept. 24. 2008 Consultant on Portland Chinese burials at Lone Fir Cemetery. Presentation to Portland Metro March 12th. 2007 Guest lecture on Ethnographic Research, Concordia College, March 27th. 2005-2007 Site Council Member, Hosford Middle School (Mandarin Immersion Program Representative). 2003-2004 Member of Curriculum Planning Committee for Mandarin Immersion Middle School Program at Hosford. 2003. PSU Coordinator for Naxi (Chinese) Art Exhibit at the Multnomah County Library. 2000-2003 Board Member for Shuren: Mandarin Immersion Program Family Support Group. 8 2000-2001 Member of Steering Committee and Curriculum Development Committee for proposed International Middle School as part of Portland Public Schools. 1998-2001 Appointed Member Woodstock Elementary School Mandarin Immersion Program Curriculum Development Committee. 1998-2000 Appointed Member Woodstock Elementary School Mandarin Immersion Program Advisory Committee. 1997-1999 “Singapore: History and Cultural Politics.” Presentations for Hewlett Packard Orientation Program. Corvallis, Oregon. 1996 “China’s Population Policies.” Lecture for Northwest China Council Series, “Life in Today’s China.” 1996 Interview for Portland TV Channel 12, Northwest Reports. “Cultural Background on China’s Abandoned Babies” Aired 3/24/1996. 1995-1996 “Historical and Cultural Backgrounds on Women, Families, and Adoption in China.” Presentations for Northwest China Council Symposiums, “Americans Adopting Babies from China: Process and Cultural Issues.” 1993 Invited Speaker/Participant for Nike Colloquium on Women in Asia. 1990 Expert witness for criminal trial involving Chinese woman. Newport, Oregon. 1990 Speaker for Northwest China Council Lecture Series, "Islands in the Midst of Change." Talk entitled "Variations in Chinese Culture". 1989 Commentator for Conference "Religion and Ethnicity in Asia" Sponsored by the Northwest Regional China Council.

Service to University, College, Department 2010-11 Chair, Chair, International Studies Asia Development Faculty Search 2010-11 Member Internationalization Council 2010-11 Chair Anthropology Peer Review Committees: Michele Gamburd, Virginia Butler 2010 STARTALK Workshop:"Developing an Integrated Language Culture/Curriculum for K-8 Mandarin Students" PSU Confucius Institute Teacher Training Program. June 22. 2010 Editor, Anthropology Department Newsletter 2009 - present University Studies Council 2009-2010 Co-Chair Planning Committee ASPAC Conference at PSU 2008 - present Curriculum Coordinator Asian Studies 2009 Chair, Promotion and Tenure Committee, Tom Thornton 2008 Faculty advisor/mentor for McNair Scholar, Julie Vuong 2008 Chair, Promotion and Tenure Committee, Michele Gamburd, 9 Natalie Vasey 2006 - present Faculty Advisor, Lambda Alpha, Anthropology Student Honor Society 2005-2009 PSU Human Subjects Review Committee 2004 Faculty Coordinator Margaret Mead International Film Festival, PSU. 2003-2004 Laurels Scholarship Committee 2003-2006 OUS China Executive Board 2002 Resident Director for OUS China Program, Beijing 1988 - present Anthropology Dept. Advisor for Honors Students 1996 – present Asian Studies Cluster Faculty 1990 - present PSU Core Faculty in International Studies 1997-98 PSU Faculty Development Committee 1993-1996 PSU Graduate Council 1990-1995 OSSHE Southeast Asian Executive Board 1991-92 Anthropology Department participant in FIPSE program (Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education) working to better integrate curriculum between community colleges and PSU. 1990-1991 Organizer PSU International Studies Faculty Colloquium 1989, 1990, 1995, 1996, 2006 PSU Anthropology Department Search Committees for Sociocultural Anthropologists 1989 OSSHE Korea Executive Board 1985 Program Director and Faculty Exchange for Fudan/Beloit Exchange Program. Shanghai, China. 1984-86 Chair, Beloit College Committee on Women's Studies

Service to Profession 2011 Manuscript review: Left Behind Wives for National University of Singapore Press. 2011 Manuscript review: Cold War Gift Economy: Sacrifices at a Malay Archipelago for McGill-Queen's University Press. 2010 Manuscript review: Women, Culture and Enterprise Innovation for University of Malaya Press. 2009 Manuscript review: The Buddha on Mecca’s Verandah: Space, Mobility, and Marginality in a Malaysian Thai Community by Irving Chan Johnson, University of Wisconsin Press. 2009 Manuscript review: Cuban Color for Oxford University Press, 2009 Content Consultant for middle school book: The Tiananmen Square Protests. Redline Editorial, Inc. 2008 Manuscript review:Personal Names in Asia: History, Culture, and Identity edited by Zheng Yangwen and Charles J-H 10 Macdonald. University of Hawaii Press. 2008 Manuscript review: Engendering Chinese Migration History: “Left-behind Wives of the Nanyang Migrants” in Quanzhou Before and After the Pacific War By Shen Huifen for National University of Singapore Press. 2008 Manuscript review: “The Limitations of China’s Chineseness and Transnationalism: The Identity Polics of Malaysian- Chinese Students in Globalizing China” for Asian Survey. 2007 Manuscript review: “Female Emancipation in Colonial Malaya” for Left History. 2007 Manuscript review: Hakka Soul by Chin Woon Ping for National University of Singapore Press. 2007 Manuscript review: The Chinese in Southeast Asia and Beyond by Yen Ching-Hwang for National University of Singapore Press. 2005 Tenure review: Andrew Willford, Cornell University. 2003 Manuscript review: “Dissonant Narratives of the Past: Positioning the Sun Yat Sen Villa in Singapore” for Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 2002 Manuscript review: Golddiggers, Farmers, and Traders in the “Chinese Districts” of West Kalimantan, Indonesia by Mary Somers Heidhues for Cornell Southeast Asian Program Publications. 2000 Manuscript review: Sojourners and Settlers: Histories of Southeast Asia and the Chinese, edited by Anthony Reid for University of Hawaii Press. 1996 Interview for video: The You Bao Shao Overseas Chinese Documentation and Research Center. Ohio University Libraries. 1994.95 Chair of the Malaysia/Singapore/Brunei Studies Group of the Asian Studies Association.

Grants, Fellowships, Awards (Principle investigator in all research projects) 2011 PSU Faculty Enhancement Grant $1650 2010 PSU Faculty Development Grant $2500 2009-10 Confucius Institute Grant. “Chinese Culture Curriculum for K-8 Mandarin Immersion Programs” $12,440 2008 John Eliot Allen Outstanding Teaching Award 2006 PSU Faculty Development Grant $1000 2004-05 Fulbright-Hays Faculty Research Abroad Grant. $42,000 2004-2005 PSU Faculty Development Grant $2000 1997-98 PSU Faculty Development Sabbatical Support. $22,400 1992 PSU Faculty Development Grant. $3252 11 1991-92 PSU Research and Publications Award. $686 1991 NEH Travel to Collections Grant. $750. 1991 Luce Scholar in Residence Grant, Ohio University. $1800. 1989 PSU Research and Publications Award. $1100 1989 PSU Faculty Development Grant. $1692 1988 NSF Summer Institute in Research Methods in Anthropology 1985 Research Travel Grant. Hoover Institute, Stanford University. $500 1983-84 Fulbright-Hays Faculty Research Abroad Grant. $25,000 1982 Beloit College Faculty Research Grant Summer. $1640 1982 University of Wisconsin, Madison. Southeast Asia Program Scholarly Access Grant. $350 1978-79 Cornell University Southeast Asia Program Fellowships. Tuition and stipend. 1978 Fulbright-Hays Grant for Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad. $11,000 1974-76 National Defense Foreign Language Fellowships, Cornell University. Tuition and stipend. 1970-72 East West Center Fellowship, University of Hawaii. Tuition and stipend.

Memberships in Professional Societies Chinese Language Teachers Association Association for Asian Studies Malaysian Royal Asiatic Society Center for Malaysian Chinese Studies

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