Identity and Ethnolinguistic Vitality Among
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Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Education. a Successful Pairing
sustainability Article Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Education. A Successful Pairing Mª Ángeles Caraballo 1,* and Eva Mª Buitrago 2 1 Dpto. Economía e Historia Económica and IUSEN, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain 2 Dpto. Economía Aplicada III and IAIIT, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-954-557-535 Received: 22 October 2019; Accepted: 19 November 2019; Published: 23 November 2019 Abstract: The many growing migratory flows render our societies increasingly heterogeneous. From the point of view of social welfare, achieving all the positive effects of diversity appears as a challenge for our societies. Nevertheless, while it is true that ethnolinguistic diversity involves costs and benefits, at a country level it seems that the former are greater than the latter, even more so when income inequality between ethnic groups is taken into account. In this respect, there is a vast literature at a macro level that shows that ethnolinguistic fragmentation induces lower income, which leads to the conclusion that part of the difference in income observed between countries can be attributed to their different levels of fragmentation. This paper presents primary evidence of the role of education in mitigating the adverse effects of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on the level of income. While the results show a negative association between fragmentation and income for all indices of diversity, the attainment of a certain level of education, especially secondary and tertiary, manages to reverse the sign of the marginal effect of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on income level. Since current societies are increasingly diverse, these results could have major economic policy implications. -
Social Identity in Daily Social Interaction
Self and Identity, 4 243 – 261, 2005 Copyright # 2005 Psychology Press ISSN: 1529-8868 print/1529-8876 online DOI: 10.1080/13576500444000308 Social Identity in Daily Social Interaction JOHN B. NEZLEK C. VERONICA SMITH College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA In a study of social identity in everyday social interaction, 133 undergraduates described their social interactions for two weeks using a variant of the Rochester Interaction Record. Some participants were members of campus social organizations and some were not, and descriptions of interactions included the social affiliation (identity) of the others who were present. Participants also completed measures of social dominance and self-construal. A series of multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses found that for members of social organizations, on average, the presence of members was not associated with a change in reactions to interactions; however, for members high in social dominance, interactions with members were more positive than interactions with non-members. In contrast, for non-members, the presence of a member was associated with less-positive interactions on average; however, there were no such differences for non-members who were high in independent self-construal. In their daily lives, many people are faced with a large and varied social world, and to help make sense of this heterogeneity people often view themselves and others in terms of group membership. To some extent, the world can be seen through the lens of in-groups and out-groups, or groups to which we do or do not belong. To the extent that group memberships become internalized and part of our self-concepts they have implications for our sense of self, what Tajfel and Turner (1986) termed ‘‘social identity.’’ Despite the theoretical centrality of social identity to under- standing social interaction, there has been very little research on social identity as it unfolds in naturally occurring social interaction. -
FOUR THEORIES with a COMMON CORE Guillermina Jasso New York
IDENTITY, SOCIAL IDENTITY, COMPARISON, AND STATUS: FOUR THEORIES WITH A COMMON CORE Guillermina Jasso New York University June 2002 Revised May 2003 Please address all correspondence to: Professor Guillermina Jasso Department of Sociology New York University 269 Mercer Street, 4th Floor New York, NY 10003-0831 tel: 212-998-8368 email: [email protected] IDENTITY, SOCIAL IDENTITY, COMPARISON, AND STATUS: FOUR THEORIES WITH A COMMON CORE ABSTRACT We examine four sociobehavioral theories – identity theory, social identity theory, comparison theory, and status theory – and we find that all four share a common core of three basic elements: personal quantitative characteristics, personal qualitative characteristics, and primordial outcomes. Though all four theories retain substantial areas outside the common core, nonetheless the existence of the common core suggests new perspectives and new research directions. These include an augmented conceptualization of self and identity, a new recognition that comparison processes and status processes may be in competition with each other, the possibility of a new theoretical form, and a new research strategy combining ingredients drawn from the four separate theories. The new research strategy expands the possibilities for all four theories, considerably enlarging their scope of application and their predictive capacity. To illustrate the new research strategy, we analyze the three-way contest between orientation to self, to subgroup, and to group in a two-subgroup society, deriving many new testable predictions, for example, that the ablest individuals in a society will not make good leaders as their first loyalty is to self. 1. INTRODUCTION Rapid progress in understanding basic sociobehavioral processes has in recent years spurred vigorous exploration of links across group processes and their theories. -
Social Identity and Cooperation
Social Identity and Cooperation by Roy W. Chen A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Economics) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Professor Yan Chen, Chair Professor Tilman M. Borgers Assistant Professor Erin L. Krupka Assistant Professor Yusuf Can Masatlioglu c Roy W. Chen 2012 All Rights Reserved This dissertation is dedicated to my parents Jim and Miranda, and my sister Anne. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my coauthors for this dissertation, Yan Chen, Qiaozhu Mei and Yang Liu. I would also like to thank my other coauthors Jacob Goeree, Angelo Polydoro, Jan Boone and Suzy Salib. I would like to thank Yan Chen, Daniel Ackerberg, Tilman B¨orgers,Colin Camer- er, David Cooper, Dan Friedman, Jacob Goeree, Jeremy Fox, Benedikt Hermann, Nancy Kotzian, Erin Krupka, Stephen Leider, Sherry Xin Li, Yusufcan Masatlioglu, Rosemarie Nagel, Neslihan Uler, Roberto Weber, Daniel Zizzo, members of the BEE & ICD lab group, and seminar participants at CERGE-EI, the University of Michigan, Virginia Commonwealth, Simon Fraser University, the National University of Singa- pore, the 2008 International Meetings of the Economic Science Association (Pasadena, CA), the 2011 North American Meetings of the Economic Science Association (Tuc- son, AZ), the Third Maastricht Behavioral and Experimental Economics Symposium, and the 2010 Econometric Society World Congress (Shanghai, China) for helpful dis- cussions and comments, and Ashlee Stratakis, Tyler Fisher and Benjamin Spulber for excellent research assistance. The financial support from the National Science Foun- dation through grant no. SES-0720943 and from Rackham Graduate School through the Rackham Graduate Student Research Grant is gratefully acknowledged. -
Making Sense of Learning Through Participation, Identity and Practice Karen HANDLEY
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Lee Kong Chian School of Business Business 5-2006 Within and beyond communities of practice: Making sense of learning through participation, identity and practice Karen HANDLEY Andrew STURDY Robin FINCHAM Timothy Adrian Robert CLARK Singapore Management University, [email protected] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00605.x Follow this and additional works at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/lkcsb_research Part of the Community-Based Learning Commons, and the Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons Citation HANDLEY, Karen; STURDY, Andrew; FINCHAM, Robin; and CLARK, Timothy Adrian Robert. Within and beyond communities of practice: Making sense of learning through participation, identity and practice. (2006). Journal of Management Studies. 43, (3), 641-653. Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business. Available at: https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/lkcsb_research/6276 This Journal Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Lee Kong Chian School of Business at Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business by an authorized administrator of Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University. For more information, -
At the Margins: a Distinctiveness Approach to the Social Identity and Social Networks of Underrepresented Groups Author(S): Ajay Mehra, Martin Kilduff, Daniel J
At the Margins: A Distinctiveness Approach to the Social Identity and Social Networks of Underrepresented Groups Author(s): Ajay Mehra, Martin Kilduff, Daniel J. Brass Source: The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 41, No. 4 (Aug., 1998), pp. 441-452 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/257083 Accessed: 06/01/2009 11:53 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aom. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Journal. -
Inequality of Opportunities Among Ethnic Groups in the Philippines Celia M
Philippine Institute for Development Studies Surian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas Inequality of Opportunities Among Ethnic Groups in the Philippines Celia M. Reyes, Christian D. Mina and Ronina D. Asis DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES NO. 2017-42 The PIDS Discussion Paper Series constitutes studies that are preliminary and subject to further revisions. They are being circulated in a limited number of copies only for purposes of soliciting comments and suggestions for further refinements. The studies under the Series are unedited and unreviewed. The views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute. Not for quotation without permission from the author(s) and the Institute. December 2017 For comments, suggestions or further inquiries please contact: The Research Information Department, Philippine Institute for Development Studies 18th Floor, Three Cyberpod Centris – North Tower, EDSA corner Quezon Avenue, 1100 Quezon City, Philippines Tel Nos: (63-2) 3721291 and 3721292; E-mail: [email protected] Or visit our website at https://www.pids.gov.ph Inequality of opportunities among ethnic groups in the Philippines Celia M. Reyes, Christian D. Mina and Ronina D. Asis. Abstract This paper contributes to the scant body of literature on inequalities among and within ethnic groups in the Philippines by examining both the vertical and horizontal measures in terms of opportunities in accessing basic services such as education, electricity, safe water, and sanitation. The study also provides a glimpse of the patterns of inequality in Mindanao. The results show that there are significant inequalities in opportunities in accessing basic services within and among ethnic groups in the Philippines. -
Toward a New Comparative Musicology
Analytical Approaches To World Music 2.2 (2013) 148-197 Toward a New Comparative Musicology Patrick E. Savage1 and Steven Brown2 1Department of Musicology, Tokyo University of the Arts 2Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University We propose a return to the forgotten agenda of comparative musicology, one that is updated with the paradigms of modern evolutionary theory and scientific methodology. Ever since the field of comparative musicology became redefined as ethnomusicology in the mid-20th century, its original research agenda has been all but abandoned by musicologists, not least the overarching goal of cross-cultural musical comparison. We outline here five major themes that underlie the re-establishment of comparative musicology: (1) classification, (2) cultural evolution, (3) human history, (4) universals, and (5) biological evolution. Throughout the article, we clarify key ideological, methodological and terminological objections that have been levied against musical comparison. Ultimately, we argue for an inclusive, constructive, and multidisciplinary field that analyzes the world’s musical diversity, from the broadest of generalities to the most culture-specific particulars, with the aim of synthesizing the full range of theoretical perspectives and research methodologies available. Keywords: music, comparative musicology, ethnomusicology, classification, cultural evolution, human history, universals, biological evolution This is a single-spaced version of the article. The official version with page numbers 148-197 can be viewed at http://aawmjournal.com/articles/2013b/Savage_Brown_AAWM_Vol_2_2.pdf. omparative musicology is the academic comparative musicology and its modern-day discipline devoted to the comparative study successor, ethnomusicology, is too complex to of music. It looks at music (broadly defined) review here. -
Ethnic Diversity, Social Sanctions, and Public Goods in Kenya
Journal of Public Economics 89 (2005) 2325–2368 www.elsevier.com/locate/econbase Ethnic diversity, social sanctions, and public goods in Kenya Edward Miguela,*, Mary Kay Gugertyb a549 Evans Hall, #3880, Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3880, United States bDaniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs, University of Washington, WA, United States Received 6 January 2003; received in revised form 12 August 2004; accepted 9 September 2004 Available online 6 November 2004 Abstract This paper examines ethnic diversity and local public goods in rural western Kenya. The identification strategy relies on the stable historically determined patterns of ethnic land settlement. Ethnic diversity is associated with lower primary school funding and worse school facilities, and there is suggestive evidence that it leads to poor water well maintenance. The theoretical model illustrates how inability to impose social sanctions in diverse communities leads to collective action failures, and we find that school committees in diverse areas do impose fewer sanctions on defaulting parents. We relate these results to the literature on social capital and economic development and discuss implications for decentralization in less developed countries. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D71; H41; O12 Keywords: Local public goods; Ethnic diversity; Collective action; Africa 1. Introduction Well-known cross-country empirical research indicates that ethnically diverse societies have slower economic growth and are more prone to corruption and political instability * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 510 642 7162; fax: +1 510 642 6615. E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Miguel). 0047-2727/$ - see front matter D 2004 Elsevier B.V. -
The Influence of Social Networking Sites on Teen Identity
University of Denver Digital Commons @ DU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 6-1-2009 The Digitally Born Identity: The Influence of Social Networking Sites on Teen Identity Alexis Lynn University of Denver Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd Part of the Mass Communication Commons, and the Social Media Commons Recommended Citation Lynn, Alexis, "The Digitally Born Identity: The Influence of Social Networking Sites on eenT Identity" (2009). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 387. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/387 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. THE DIGITALLY-BORN IDENTITY: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON TEEN IDENTITY A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Social Sciences University of Denver In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts By Alexis Lynn June 2009 Adviser: Derigan Silver, PhD Author: Alexis Lynn Title: The Digitally-Born Identity: The Influence of Social Networking Sites on Teen Identity Adviser: Derigan Silver, PhD Degree Date: June 2009 Abstract Based on in-depth interviews, this thesis examines how teens use Social Networking Sites (SNSs) to negotiate their identities. The thesis concludes that SNSs, such as MySpace and Facebook, facilitate a social connectivity that influences how teens portray themselves online. The process of constructing a self-presentation, receiving input from peers, and then modifying one’s self-presentation in response is not new, but the speed at which it occurs and the very public way it is displayed on an SNS constitutes a change in how teens understand the ways in which they make and constantly remake their identities. -
The Role of Ethnolinguistic Vitality Perceptions in Spanish Language Maintenance and Identity Stephanie CHARLEEN NATOLO Griffith
The role of ethnolinguistic vitality perceptions in Spanish language maintenance and identity Author Natolo, Stephanie Published 2015 Journal Title Working Papers in Spanish in Society Copyright Statement © 2013 Working Papers in Spanish in Society. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/382569 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au The role of ethnolinguistic vitality perceptions in Spanish language maintenance and identity Stephanie CHARLEEN NATOLO Griffith University, Brisbane [email protected] Abstract: Language is undoubtedly the most salient determinant of ethnic identity. Individuals may encounter difficultly when claiming identification within a specific ethnolinguistic group if the linguistic factor is absent. Lamentably, language is one of the first elements of immigrant culture that vanishes over generations. The significance of language maintenance results in maintaining solidarity and integration in the ethnic group, which is vital for the formation of ethnic communities. This research addresses a number of aspects regarding language maintenance among second-generation Argentineans living in the city of the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. This study focuses on the importance of maintaining the Spanish language and identity and the strategies employed for the preservation of the Spanish language. This paper investigates the language maintenance of 24 second-generation Argentineans aged 18-35, from endogamous and exogamous marriages. It examines various domains such as the home, social networks, visits to Argentina, the Spanish media and other spheres of Spanish language activity, and includes some reflections on the future of Spanish in Australia. -
Traditional and Innovative Approaches to Ethnolinguistic Vitality”
“Traditional and innovative approaches to ethnolinguistic vitality” Special issue on Ethnolinguistic Vitality Edited by: Martin Ehala (University of Tartu) Kutlay Yagmur (Tilburg University) Submitted to Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development September 2010 1 Table of contents INTRODUCTION: TRADITION AND INNOVATION IN ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY THEORY ...................................................................................................3 DOES ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY THEORY ACCOUNT FOR THE ACTUAL VITALITY OF ETHNIC GROUPS? A CRITICAL EVALUATION. ......6 THE IMPACT OF INTERETHNIC DISCORDANCE ON SUBJECTIVE VITALITY PERCEPTIONS ......................................................................................17 UNDERSTANDING AND FORECASTING ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY ...34 THE VALUE OF ADOPTING MULTIPLE APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGIES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY...................................................................................................................47 MEDIA USE AND ETHNOLINGUISTIC VITALITY IN BILINGUAL COMMUNITIES.........................................................................................................65 HOT AND COLD ETHNICITIES: MODES OF ETHNOLINGUITIC VITALITY ......................................................................................................................................89 2 Introduction: Tradition and innovation in Ethnolinguistic vitality theory Kutlay Yagmur (Tilburg University) and Martin Ehala (University of Tartu) Over 30