Fort Ben AR App

Carl Klutzke, Evi Odioko, Monica Sharma

Research & Analysis Report

Master of Science Program in Human-Computer Interaction Department of Human-Centered Computing University School of Informatics and Computing-

Fall 2019

Contents

Contents

Introduction

Business Objectives

Background Research Pitfalls to Avoid Examples to Emulate Ideas to Consider App Comparison Grid

Field Research Pre-Mortem and Pre-Parade Survey Contextual Inquiry

User and Task Analysis Bill - Resident Ashley - Visitor

Conclusions

References

Appendices Appendix A: Survey Appendix B: Media Resources

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Introduction

The purpose of this capstone project is to perform research, analysis, design, and evaluation to develop a prototype of the user interface for an augmented reality (AR) mobile application. This application will focus on the history and culture of the former Fort in Lawrence, Indiana. This application is referred to as the Fort Ben AR App, to comply with a request from the Fort Harrison Reuse Authority to use “Fort Ben” as the preferred branding term for the area. The Fort Ben AR App is part of a four-year project by Arts for Lawrence and the City of Lawrence to develop a Fort Harrison Cultural Campus within the Fort Benjamin Harrison Historic District, in the neighborhood of Otis Avenue and Post Road. This project is funded by a $5.85 million grant from Lilly Endowment Inc. as part of their Strengthening Indianapolis Through Arts and Cultural Innovation program. The app is slated for Phase 5 of the project, which will run from early 2021 to early 2022 Schneider Geospatial, our partner for this project, is planning to develop the Fort Ben AR App on behalf of Arts for Lawrence and the City of Lawrence. Schneider plans to begin developing the app in 2020 and complete it by early 2022. This report describes our research and analysis activities for the project.

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Business Objectives

The primary goals of our project stakeholders i.e. Arts for Lawrence and the City of Lawrence for the Fort Ben AR App are to strengthen the community of the former Fort Benjamin Harrison (Fort Ben) area by: ● Attracting visitors to the area. ● Engaging local residents with the Fort Harrison Cultural Campus. ● Increasing awareness of the history and culture of the area. To fulfill these goals, the app will assist its users to: ● Learn about historical locations in the area. ● View a map of those locations and navigate between them. ● Experience historical media related to those locations, such as photos and audio recordings. ● Find local services in the area. ● Locate and interact with other features of the Fort Harrison Cultural Campus project. To support those activities, the app will meet the following additional requirements: ● The system shall be a mobile phone app. ● Potential users must be able to discover the app. ● The system shall provide a framework for adding future locations and content. ● The system shall allow users to make comments on the app and submit material to be added to the app. ● The system shall track visitor data and provide analytics to evaluate success.

A key related feature of the Fort Harrison Cultural Campus project are bronze army boot prints, to be embedded in sidewalks at locations on the cultural campus. The Fort Ben AR App will provide information at each of those locations. The full list of locations are not specified, but are likely to include: ● Theater at the Fort (8920 Otis Avenue, ID 610) ● Sterrett Center (8950 Otis Avenue, ID 611) ● Schneider Geospatial office (8901 Otis Avenue, ID 613) ● Former Communications Building / Visual Arts Center (ID 622)

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Background Research

This section summarizes user experience (UX) research and design information related to our project from published papers (literature review) and website sources (competitive analysis). Pitfalls to Avoid In the Memories of the Walls AR exhibit, Madsen et al (2012) determined that their application provided too much introduction and data before allowing users to engage with the AR features. As a result, users lost interest. In addition, mini-games in the application distracted users from the actual exhibit. From this we learn that the Fort Ben AR App needs to be quick and simple to understand and enhance the user’s appreciation of the Cultural Campus rather than distract from it. Miyashita et al (2008) report on a project in the Louvre that experimented with an AR virtual character as a guide. Users were uncomfortable with the guide because it attempted to look at them during interactions but could not accurately assess their position. Any virtual guide presented in the Fort Ben AR App should avoid a complex presentation that could result in similar discomfort. Examples to Emulate The Museum of London’s Streetmuseum app provided an experience of overlaying a historical image over a live camera feed of the real world (see Figure 1). The project was a huge success: see a demo video at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSfATEZiUYo .

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Figure 1 : Snapshot from S treetmuseum a pp

Figure 2 : Example map view of AR app.

Lee et al (2012) provided the following recommendations based on their work on the CityViewAR application for post-earthquake Christchurch (see Figure 2): 1. Build the application around the content. Note that panorama pictures are particularly popular with users.

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2. Design AR view not only as a browsing interface but also as a place to present the content. 3. Limitations of AR and positional accuracy are less important than providing compelling content. 4. Provide a list view of locations for users to select, in addition, to map and AR views. 5. Try to overcome the physical limitations of the device with good user interface design. The Time Travelers study by Cafaro & Ress (2016) (see Figure 3) provided a vertical timeline at each location of interest, with snapshots of changes over time. The timeline used a fading color scheme with recent items at the top in green, and older events lower on the line in brown, fading to gray at the bottom. Different historical periods of the location were associated with characters in appropriate clothing. Similar techniques may be useful with timelines for our app.

Figure 3 : Vertical timeline from T ime Travelers

The “Reminisce” prototype installation at Bunratty Folk Park living history museum in Ireland (Ciolfi & McLoughlin, 2012) provided visitors with “memories” narrated by fictional characters associated with the park sites. Visitors found the memories very engaging, and many recorded memories of their own related experiences to share with

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future visitors. This functionality suggests that the Fort Ben AR App may benefit from a feature that allows visitors to submit content related to their own Fort Ben experiences. The AR tour at James Monroe’s Highland superimposed 2D animated characters narrating events of their lives at specified locations, to help visitors understand what life was like in their time (see Figure 4). Similar virtual character guides could be used for our app.

Figure 4 : Snapshot from AR experience at Highland

Ideas to Consider Mata et al (2011) developed an app to augment a museum by using the exhibits’ fiducial markers as image triggers. When the phone camera detected the markers the app overlaid information on the screen. The Skin and Bones app in the Bone Hall of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History uses a similar technique to display information for selected animal skeleton exhibits, triggered by the exhibit frames. The Fort Ben AR App could potentially use some similar markers to trigger displays at relevant locations. The Chicago Riverwalk project (Cavallo, Rhodes, & Forbes, 2017) superimposed 2D archival photos upon live mobile camera views (see Figure 5). It calibrated the phone camera’s position and direction against a 3D virtual space through GPS and visual recognition of specified landmarks. Automatically aligning the images creates a highly immersive display, but may require considerable added complexity.

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Figure 5: Historical archive automatically aligned with the phone's live camera stream Cruz et al (2018) developed an augmented reality app for the town of Malolos in the Philippines. It presented 3D recreations of monuments, buildings, and other structures at the Kameztizuhan historic site. The Fort Ben AR App is focused on displaying historical images and information, but it may be technically feasible to include such 3D recreations if appropriate models are made available. The England Originals app provides a 3D AR model of historic English cities on the user’s tabletop (see Figure 6). If Fort Harrison could be reconstructed with such 3D models, a similar technique could provide an engaging and exciting way to provide users with an overall view of the area.

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Figure 6 : Snapshots from E ngland Originals app.

To avoid the AR app being a distraction from their exhibit, Pozzebon & Calamai (2015) propose an audio-based approach. When a user comes within the outer range of a site of interest, they can hear information about that location on a headset. As the user approaches the site, the information becomes louder and more clear. This encourages users to keep their eyes on the site instead of their phones. Curatescape is a web and mobile app framework for publishing location-based content. The home page for each installation displays a map with pins for “stories”, sites with visual and descriptive content. Stories can be sequenced together into tours, and each story provides a link out to Google Maps to show directions to its location. Sites created using Curatescape include The DC Preservation League’s DC Historic Sites and The College of William and Mary’s TribeTrek.

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App Comparison Grid From the applications we considered above in our competitive analysis, we selected those in Table 1 to be most relevant to the design of the Fort Ben AR App, because of their implementation of the following features of interest: ● Augmented Reality Trigger: What part of the application causes an augmented reality display to appear? ● Overview Map: How does the application present a map of the content area? ● Real World Position Awareness: What technology does the application use to identify the user’s location? ● Virtual Character Guide: Does the application increase user engagement by presenting a character to interact with?

Augmented Real World Virtual App Reality Overview Map Position Character Trigger Awareness Guide

Curatescape Does not appear Map with pin Assumed. Does not appear to be supported. markers. to be supported.

England User taps on a 3D model of None. None. Originals card in the map city, “projected” view. on flat surface.

Highland AR Unclear. Unclear. Unclear. 2D animation and voice.

Skin and Bones Camera None. None. None. detection of exhibit frame.

Streetmuseum User taps 3D Map with pin GPS. None. view when markers. prompted. Table 1 : App Comparison Grid

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Field Research

We used a number of field research methods to answer the following questions and inform our design activities: ● Who will use the Fort Ben AR App? ○ How can we categorize the app’s potential users? ○ What do target users do when in the Fort Ben area? ○ What will target users want the app to do? ○ What locations in the area do target users like to visit? ● What AR content should the app provide? ○ What is the most important content to provide, especially at launch? ■ What locations? ■ What time periods? ■ What information? ■ What media? ○ Where can content be obtained? ○ How can the content of the app be organized and presented? ● How should the app interact with- ○ Other aspects of the Fort Harrison Cultural Campus project plan? ○ The Fort Ben community as a whole? Pre-Mortem Sometimes projects conduct a post-mortem to identify what went well and what went poorly. A related technique is to imagine the post mortem in advance, in an attempt to anticipate the ramifications of the project going well or going poorly. This technique is called a “pre-mortem”. For this purpose, we asked our business partners (Schneider Geospatial and Arts for Lawrence) to consider the following scenarios. 1. Imagine that the Fort Ben AR app has been deployed, and we consider it to be a failure. Upon what basis have we decided that the app failed? What went wrong? 2. Imagine that the Fort Ben AR app has been deployed, and we consider it to be a great success. Upon what basis have we determined that it was successful? What went exceptionally well? In addition to their own responses, they gathered responses from other community stakeholders representing The City of Lawrence and The Fort Harrison Reuse Authority.

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Respondents indicated that the app would be considered a failure under any of the following conditions: ● The app is not deployed on schedule. ● Potential users don’t know the app is available, perhaps due to ineffective rollout and/or branding. ● Analytics do not indicate that minimum usage criteria are being met, which may be based upon: ○ Number of users. ○ Number of repeat users. ○ Interaction times. ● The app experiences serious issues related to reliability / scalability / sustainability / expandability / usability / device compatibility. ● The app stops being maintained. ● Users leave spam in the app comments. ● The app entices users to trespass on the privacy of local residents or property. ● Usage of copyrighted media in the app leads to a lawsuit. ● Users feel that they are not receiving sufficient support or assistance. ● App content is too broad or too narrow to capture an audience. ● The app is not responsive to usage on a variety of devices, leading to user frustration. ● The app has no audio. ● Users look at their device screen instead of taking in the sights. Respondents indicated that the following conditions would indicate that the app was very successful: ● Usage of the app increases over time. ● Users request broader scope for the app. ● partners in the application. ● The app is marketed by the State Park Inn, the new hotel, and local restaurants. ● The set of supported locations expands throughout the Fort and Park. ● The app is tied into physical wayfinding signage throughout the Fort Ben area. ● The community is providing usable locations and media to the app. ● Students and field trips use the app. ● Users are more engaged with the local arts and community. ● The app entices users to patronize local services, businesses, and retail outlets. ● The app helps draw artists and creative innovators to the area. ● The app leads to discussions with other organizations of providing a similar app.

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● Recognition from external organizations and communities, including other decommissioned military bases and adaptive reuse communities. ● The app is made multilingual so as to be friendly to more visitors. ● Users respond affirmatively when asked if the app is fun. Survey We distributed printed surveys to participants of a community meeting in March 2019, which was organized by Arts for Lawrence to discuss the Fort Harrison Cultural Campus project. We also provided the same survey to the following organizations to share online. ● Arts for Lawrence ● Fort Harrison Reuse Authority ● Fort Benjamin Harrison Facebook Group ● Fort Benjamin Harrison Historical Society ● Post 510 The purpose of the survey was to identify the following: ● Demographics of individuals who are interested in the app. ● Information about their relationship to the Fort Ben area. ● Locations of particular interest within the Fort Ben area. ● Sources of historical media to be displayed in the app. ● Individuals willing to assist us with further field research. The survey is attached as Appendix A. We received 31 responses to the survey.

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Demographics ● Over 60% of respondents were age 55 or older. (See Table 2) ● Over 75% of respondents live within 10 miles of Fort Ben (See Figure 6)

Respondent Age Range Percentage (%)

25 - 34 6

35 - 44 15

45-54 18

55 - 64 37

65 - 74 15

75+ 9 Table 2: Respondent age range distribution

Figure 7: Distance of respondent homes from Fort Ben

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Relationship to Fort Ben We asked survey respondents their agreement with the following statements to identify their relationship to Fort Ben. Respondents were allowed to select multiple answers.

Figure 8: Respondent relationship to Fort Ben The following “Other” relationships were each mentioned by one respondent: ● “Lived there in 1963-1966 (Army dependent)” ● “Politically active and working to grow community engagement” ● “I was assigned to the 226th MP Company from May 1979 to September 1981 - LOVED IT!” ● “I promote the new 'Fort Ben' district on Facebook @FortBenIN and Twitter @FortBen_IN. Fort Harrison and Fort Benjamin Harrison confuse people with the former military base.” ● “I was born at the old hospital now State Park Inn”

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Locations of Interest Our survey also asked the following questions to identify important locations and areas around Fort Ben. ● Which locations in the Fort Harrison do you like to visit? ● In your opinion, what locations in the Fort Harrison area are of particular historical interest? ● If you wanted to give out-of-town visitors a tour of the Fort Harrison area, which locations would you include on the tour?

Table 3 shows locations that were mentioned most frequently:

Location Like to Visit Historical Interest Tour Location

Lawton Loop & Parade Grounds 7 16 14

The Garrison (aka Officers Club) 7 4 6

State Park Inn (aka Lodge) 1 8 5

Theater 5 3 1

WW2 Prison Camp 1 1 3

Air Field - 2 3

Porter’s 4 - 1

Cafe Audrey’s 3 - 1

Golf Course 1 - 2

DFAS - 1 2

YMCA 3 - - Table 3 : Respondent responses regarding specific locations Table 4 shows non-specific areas mentioned in response to these questions. We have separated out these responses because they do not correspond well to a specific location that we can display in the AR app, even though they indicate interests that should guide selection of locations.

Location Like to Visit Historical Interest Tour Location

State Park 17 4 11

“Old buildings” 3 1 3

Restaurants & Breweries 7 - - Table 4: Participant responses - non-specific locations

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Contextual Inquiry To obtain more detailed information about the Fort Ben area, as well as people who visit, we arranged the following contextual inquiry sessions: ● Arts for Lawrence director Judy Byron and local historian Brian Norris provided a driving tour of the Fort Benjamin Harrison Historic District, as well as other Fort Ben locations to the east as far as the PX and Commissary. ● Dylan Allison provided a tour of the state park visitor center and the Camp Glenn area, including entry to the Museum of 20th Century Warfare. We also interviewed him about visitors to the state park, and he provided us with print and online materials to review. ● Local residents Dick and Carol Schwartz participated in an interview, followed by a walking tour near their home on the east side of Lawton Loop. Mr. Schwartz trained as a docent for biking tours provided by Indiana Landmarks in May 2018. The Schwartzes also provided electronic copies of some historical photos. ● Local resident Linda Congdon showed us her extensive collection of Fort Ben photos, memorabilia, and building plan documents. From these inquiries we learned that the following events have drawn visitors to the Fort Harrison Historic District: ● Performances at the Theater at the Fort. ● Walking and biking tours provided as fundraisers for Indiana Landmarks in May 2018. There were about a dozen tours, and the event sold out. This was a one-time event, and Indiana Landmarks has no future Fort Ben events scheduled. ● Holiday home tours provided as fundraisers by Arts for Lawrence from 2012 through 2018. (No future events are planned.) Our guides told us their past tour participants frequently asked the following sorts of questions: ● “What is the history of that building?” ○ “How did the Army’s use of the building change over time?” ● “Tell me about the architecture of that building?” ● “Where did the street names come from?”

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User and Task Analysis

A persona is a fictional character synthesized from research into target users. They help stakeholders share a sense of familiarity and empathy with different kinds of representative users. They also provide a shorthand reference to a specific user demographic. A journey map depicts a timeline of a persona’s hypothetical encounter with the system environment. It describes how they interact with the system, with an emphasis on their emotional state during those interactions. A journey map can describe the current state (an as-is journey map) or the future desired state (a to-be journey map). Based upon our field research, we have constructed two personas: Bill, a resident, and Ashley, a visitor. For each persona, we have also constructed an as-is journey map depicting their current activities at Fort Ben without the assistance of the Fort Ben AR App.

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Persona #1: Bill, a resident of the Fort Ben Area

Figure 9: Resident Persona - “Bill” Bill represents people who reside in the Fort Ben area. Some of his characteristics that are particularly relevant to consider for our design include: ● He is likely to contribute comments and data to the app. ● He is beginning to experience physical disabilities that may affect his experience using the app. Some key features of Bill’s as-is journey map (see Figure 10) that are particularly relevant to consider for our design include: ● He is eager to learn about the area and share what he learns. ● He struggles to remember facts that he wants to share. ● His stamina is better suited for a short themed walking tour than a long extensive walking tour.

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Figure 10: Resident Journey Map

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Persona #2: Ashley, a visitor to the Fort Ben Area

Figure 11: Visitor Persona - “Ashley” Ashley represents people who visit the Fort Ben area. Some of her characteristics that are particularly relevant to consider for our design include: ● She is interested in learning what services and features are available in the Fort Ben area. ● We may want to consider features of the app that will engage her children. Some key features of Ashley’s as-is journey map (see Figure 12) that are particularly relevant to consider for our design include: ● She doesn’t know where to start getting information. ● She’s interested in the historical sites, but also in current local services.

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Figure 12: Visitor Journey Map

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Conclusions

Target Audience Our research identified two groups of target users for the Fort Ben AR App, and the following activities in which the app should support them: ● Residents, who live and work in the Fort Ben area: ○ They want to learn more about the history of the area. ○ They want to share what they learn with others. ● Visitors, who are drawn to the Fort Ben area by events and attractions: ○ They want to know what makes the area interesting. ○ They want to find local activities and services. Features to Provide Of the background research we performed, it appears that the Christchurch CityViewAR and London Streetmuseum apps provide the best models for how to navigate an area and compare its current appearance to how it looked in the past. Their designs could serve as good models for guiding our own design. Each location should present a timeline of related events and media, so that users can place them relative to each other in time and learn more about the location’s history in a coherent way. It may facilitate our design to have specific AR image targets at some of the locations portrayed in the app. We recommend collaborating with the designers of the bronze boot prints feature for this purpose. To foster engagement with the app, we recommend providing virtual character guides that depict life at Fort Ben in different time periods. This would personalize the information and make it more immersive. Simple 2D animation and/or voice narration, like those used in the Highland AR app, would further enhance this feature, and provide an opportunity for audio features that stakeholders feel are important to the app’s success.

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Initial Locations to Support We recommend that The Theater at the Fort (8290 Otis Avenue, ID 610) be included in the initial prototype for the following reasons: ● It provides events that draw visitors to the area. ● It would benefit from the app drawing users and making them aware of services provided there. ● It is on the cultural campus, which is the focal point for the project. ● It is the offices for Arts for Lawrence, a key project stakeholder. ● It was a frequent response in our survey. ● It is a likely site for one of the sets of bronze boot prints. We recommend that Sterrett Center (8950 Otis Avenue, ID 611) be included as well, because its proximity to the Theater provides an easy test of navigation features.

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References

● Cafaro, F., & Ress, S. A. (2016). Time Travelers: Mapping Museum Visitors Across Time and Space. P roceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing: Adjunct, 1492–1497. https://doi.org/10.1145/2968219.2974045

● Cavallo, M., Rhodes, G. A., & Forbes, A. G. (2017). Riverwalk: Incorporating Historical Photographs in Public Outdoor Augmented Reality Experiences. 2 016 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR-Adjunct)(ISMARW), 160–165. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct.2016.0068

● Ciolfi, L., & McLoughlin, M. (2012). Designing for Meaningful Visitor Engagement at a Living History Museum. P roceedings of the 7th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Making Sense Through Design, 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1145/2399016.2399028

● Cruz, D. R. dela, Sevilla, J. S. A., Gabriel, J. W. D. S., Cruz, A. J. P. D., & Joyce, S. C. E. (2018). Design and Development of Augmented Reality (AR) Mobile Application for Malolos’ Kameztizuhan (Malolos Heritage Town, Philippines). 2 018 IEEE Games, Entertainment, Media Conference (GEM), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/GEM.2018.8516272

● Curatescape. h ttps://curatescape.org

● England Originals. h ttps://www.visitlondon.com/englandoriginals/

● James Monroe’s Highland AR tour. h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nwe1uaV9tqs

● Lee, G. A., Dünser, A., & Billinghurst, and M. (2012). CityViewAR: A mobile outdoor AR application for city visualization. 2 012 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality - Arts, Media, and Humanities (ISMAR-AMH), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-AMH.2012.6483989

● Madsen, C. B., Madsen, J. B., & Morrison, A. (2012). Aspects of what makes or breaks a museum AR experience. 2 012 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality - Arts, Media, and Humanities (ISMAR-AMH), 91–92. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-AMH.2012.6483996

● Mata, F., Claramunt, C., & Juarez, A. (2011). An Experimental Virtual Museum Based on Augmented Reality and Navigation. P roceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, 497–500. https://doi.org/10.1145/2093973.2094058

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● Miyashita, T., Meier, P., Tachikawa, T., Orlic, S., Eble, T., Scholz, V., … Lieberknecht, S. (2008). An Augmented Reality museum guide. 2 008 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, 103–106. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR.2008.4637334

● Pozzebon, A., & Calamai, S. (2015). Smart devices for Intangible Cultural Heritage fruition. 2 015 Digital Heritage, 1 , 333–336. https://doi.org/10.1109/DigitalHeritage.2015.7413895

● Ress, S., Cafaro, F., Bora, D., Prasad, D., & Soundarajan, D. (2018). Mapping History: Orienting Museum Visitors Across Time and Space. J . Comput. Cult. Herit., 1 1( 3), 16:1–16:25. h ttps://doi.org/10.1145/3199669

● Skin and Bones. Bone Hall, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. https://naturalhistory.si.edu/exhibits/bone-hall

● Streetmuseum. Museum of London. h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSfATEZiUYo

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Appendices

Appendix A: Survey Fort Benjamin Harrison Survey

Hi, we are the IUPUI augmented reality mobile app team, thank you for taking part in this survey. Please fill out the below.

Your Age ○ 18-24 ○ 25-34 ○ 35-44 ○ 45-54 ○ 55-64 ○ 65-74 ○ 75+

Which of the following apply to you? ❏ I live in or near the Fort Harrison area ❏ I work in the Fort Harrison area ❏ I am employed by the Fort Harrison State Park ❏ I am employed by the city of Lawrence ❏ I work at DFAS ❏ I worked at or was stationed at Fort Harrison ❏ I visit Fort Harrison State Park at least once a year ❏ I am interested in the history of the Fort Harrison ❏ My art is/will be on display in the Fort Harrison ❏ I guide people around the Fort Harrison area ❏ I am working on the future development of the Fort Harrison area ❏ Other.. Please type

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How far is your home from Fort Harrison? ○ < 10 miles ○ 11 - 20 miles ○ > 20 miles

In your opinion, what locations in the Fort Harrison area are of particular historical interest?

If you wanted to give out-of-town visitors a tour of the Fort Harrison area, which locations would you include on the tour? Why?

Which locations in the Fort Harrison do you like to visit? Why?

Do you have any images, audio recordings or video recordings that are related to the history of Fort Harrison? ○ Yes ○ No

If yes, are you willing to allow us to view those images or recordings? ○ Yes ○ No

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Do you have any personal stories to share about the history of Fort Harrison area? ○ Yes ○ No

Would you be willing to talk with us about your knowledge of the history of Fort Harrison? ○ Yes ○ No

If you are willing to talk with us -

Please write your name.

Full name

Could you please share your email address?

Email address

Could you please share your contact number?

Contact Number

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Appendix B: Media Resources Our research identified the following potential sources of images and other media for use with the application.

Name Description Contact

Established for the “planning, replanning, https://www.fhra.org Fort Harrison Reuse rehabilitation, development, redevelopment, Aletha Dunston, Director Authority and other preparation for reuse of military bases Heather Millikan, Director of and military base property”. Operations https://www.in.gov/dnr/parklake/2982.h Fort Harrison State The Visitor's Center has a collection of historic tm Park Visitor Center photos. Dylan Allison, Naturalist Officer

Indiana Memory is a collaborative effort to https://digital.library.in.gov/Search/Res provide access to the wealth of primary sources ults?lookfor=%22Fort%20Benjamin%2 Indiana Memory in Indiana libraries, archives, museums, and 0Harrison%20%28Ind.%29%22&type= other cultural institutions. We were referred to Subject this resource by the FHRA.

A book about the history of Fort Ben A History of Fort 1903-1982, published in 1984. The complete https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/00 Benjamin Harrison, by text is available online. Less comprehensive 1104893 Stephen E Bower than The American Army in the Heartland, sometimes referred to as “the small book”.

A more complete history of Fort Ben https://www.worldcat.org/title/american- The American Army in 1903-1995, published in 1995. Recommended army-in-the-heartland-a-history-of-fort- the Heartland , by by numerous sources. Several local residents benjamin-harrison-1903-1995/oclc/341 Stephen E Bower and area libraries have copies, and it is 34421 available for purchase online.

Fort Benjamin Brian is a local historian who is interested in https://www.facebook.com/FortBenjami Harrison Historical Fort Ben and administers a Facebook group nHarrison/ Society about its history. Brian Norris

A website with a number of photos, formerly http://www.indianamilitary.org/FtHarriso IndianaMilitary.org belonging to the Fort Harrison Historical n/SoThinkMenu/FtHarrisonSTART.htm Society.

Linda has a number of historic postcards and documents in her home that she is willing to let Linda Congdon Linda Congdon us scan. She also has many historic photos that are framed and thus unscannable. https://www.schneidergis.com/ A number of historic photos are displayed in Schneider Geospatial Daniel Mallinak, Director of Software their offices Development

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Name Description Contact

Each year Indiana Landmarks organizes a https://www.indianalandmarks.org/ Indiana Landmarks fundraiser in the form of tours of historic places. Gwendolyn Nystrom In 2018 the tour was of Fort Ben.

Museum of 20th This museum at Camp Glenn is staffed entirely https://www.facebook.com/M20CW/ Century Warfare by volunteers. Don McQuade

Tom Marten owns and develops the building Marten Construction https://www.martencm.com/ that houses Porter Books & Bread. He lives in Management Tom Marten the base commander’s home.

Friends of Fort This is a volunteer organization that supports http://www.friendsoffortharrison.org/ Harrison State Park the state park. Karen Coleman

Indiana State Museum Suggested source of historic photos. https://www.indianamuseum.org/

Indiana Historical Suggested source of historic photos. https://indianahistory.org/ Society

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