CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Faculty of Veterinary Science of VETERINARY EDUCATION Fakulteit Veeartsenykunde Lefapha La Disaense Tša Bongakadiruiwa in SOUTH AFRICA

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February 7 to 13 2020 Vol 36 No 6 mg.co.za @mailandguardian The real state of the nation

Zuma was not going to make it to court anyway Page 2

Public protector’s powers on trial Page 12 PHOTO: DELWYN VERASAMY DELWYN PHOTO: All but 18 municipalities have failed, hundreds of billions of rands are lost, promises have turned to lies and desperate communities have turned to the courts

OThecost of water: Sex with a water carrier or endanger a child A welcome boost of OHow high court officials stole millions from deceased estates youth for the Proteas Pages 3 to 11 & 17 Sport

CELEBRATING 100 YEARS Faculty of Veterinary Science OF VETERINARY EDUCATION Fakulteit Veeartsenykunde Lefapha la Disaense tša Bongakadiruiwa IN SOUTH AFRICA

The only Faculty of Trained over An exam Home to a Pioneers in Veterinary Science A TOP 50 pass rate of comprehensive the chemical in South Africa veterinary school 5 000 veterinary hospital that immobilisation of internationally veterinarians in the 97% can hospitalise animals wildlife last 100 years ranging from lizards to rhinos

#ChooseUP to learn more about veterinary science, One Health and animal welfare Make today matter 2 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 News

ppm As of December4124 2019 this is the latest level Riddle of Zuma’s sick note of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. A safe number is 350 while 450 is catastrophic Data source: NASA SANDF officials considered launching Apply to be our a probe into the climate fellow ‘doctored’ certificate Thanduxolo Jika The climate crisis is driven by humans and it is already breaking down the eco- ormer president Jacob systems that we rely on for survival. It is Zuma’s questionable both the biggest story of this century and medical certificate has also one largely overlooked by the media. Fraised sufficient concern We tend to report when there is a big within the South African event, such as international climate nego- National Defence Force (SANDF) tiations or destructive cyclones. to prompt the possibility of an Our problem is that the crisis comes at a investigation into the document. time when media are dealing with its own The doctor’s note, presented to crisis. The internet meant most media out- the Pietermaritzburg high court lets decided to chase clicks: quantity, and by Zuma’s lawyers this week, was attention-grabbing cat videos, over qual- deemed to be insufficient proof ity. They essentially decided to disrespect of the former head of state being their audience. Now they are desperate to indisposed. grab attention by investing in (important) Among the concerns raised by political and investigative reporting. But Judge Dhaya Pillay were its vague everything else — health, education, envi- nature and the fact that dates Doctored document? Zuma’s medical certificate, which was presented to the Pietermaritzburg high ronment, arts — suff ers as a result. appeared to have been altered, court on Tuesday when he was due to appear on corruption charges, has allegedly been altered The Mail & Guardian is no diff erent in without a corresponding signa- having made mistakes. But we are trying ture from the issuing doctor. and who had cleared Zuma to fl y was called off at the highest level offi ce, after which he was checked to change this. That’s why this column The certificate listed Zuma’s after two surgeries. because it was felt that the matter into a hotel where he spent a few and the graphic with carbon concentra- diagnosis as a “medical condition” Sources have told M&G that was before the courts. hours to refresh before boarding tions is the fi rst thing you see in the news- and did not provide further detail. Zuma has been in Pretoria — with As a former president, Zuma an 11pm fl ight for Johannesburg. paper. It’s why we lead with articles about The date had been changed to his fourth wife Bongi Ngema- is treated by the South African “As a doctor he [Motene] has the environment and the intertwined January 6, but was not initialled Zuma — since he left Nkandla Military Health Services a right to travel with his patient climate crisis, as well as education, mining by the doctor who issued it. in the fi rst week of January after (SAMHS). and also issue a sick note,” said and other social justice problems. Although Zuma’s lawyer, Daniel spending Christmas with his fam- At the centre of the concern in another source in government To help the change, we have partnered Mantsha, told the court that Zuma ily at the homestead. He has not the corridors at SANDF is that with knowledge of the SANDF’s with the Eugene Saldanha Memorial had undergone two surgical pro- been to Nkandla or to Durban the sick note, which was signed medical practices. “It is normal Fund, a project of CAF Southern Africa, to cedures on January 7 and 9 and — where his third wife, Thobeka off by Dr Zakes Motene — who that the Cuban doctors would tell create a climate reporting fellowship. This could not travel on January 23, Madiba-Zuma, lives — since then. is assigned to Zuma as his doc- the former president’s doctor that will give someone a year-long chance to when he was supposedly meant to He flew out of the country on tor — could be a forged document he will be booked off for a certain enter the journalism industry. go to Cuba, the Mail & Guardian January 27 and was only expected because the dates appeared to period and, as the president’s doc- Search “The M&G is hiring a climate can reveal that the former presi- to return in March. have been altered. tor, he can issue a sick note. In fellow” to read the advert and informa- dent’s travel date of January 27 It was reported in Sunday World A government official who is this instance, this note doesn’t tion on requirements and how to apply. was finalised as far back as the that the two are now estranged aware of the concerns said: “The look genuine and it was defi nitely Based at the M&G newsroom in second week of January and was after claims that Madiba-Zuma sick note is the one that we use at altered or forged.” Johannesburg, this role will prioritise not a last-minute decision. had taken some of Zuma’s sim defence. The problem is that there Another government source reporting on communities that are not “During the week of January cards without his permission. are dates which were changed said: “Dr Motene is part of the in the media spotlight. The climate crisis [7] president Zuma underwent It is understood that Zuma told there and that is what the investi- team that sees to the medical is a complex story but at its core is a tale two surgeries and given his age those close to him that he had gation would have focused on. But needs of the former president of social injustice and power. Across our and the fact that he didn’t recover been poisoned again. It is unclear those that are in power said this … SAMHS will be responsible print and digital platforms, the M&G much quicker … that aff ected the who he blamed for this. Zuma has should be dealt with by lawyers for any diagnosis and treatment seeks to hold power to account and time of departure on the 23rd of openly spoken about his alleged who are already at court.” required by [Zuma]. They would investigate the status quo. Our starting January … He eventually travelled poisoning previously. In 2017 he The M&G has also confirmed also make the referral to any other position is that the world and this coun- on the 27th of January,” Mantsha was quoted as saying that he had that Motene was part of the medical facility, should the treat- try, in particular, in their current form told the court. been poisoned three times by SANDF team that accompanied ment required not be available at perpetuate abuses of power that manifest The timing of Zuma’s travel someone close to him. Zuma late last year when he went a military medical facility.” themselves in environmental problems dates to Cuba, with him departing “I was poisoned and almost died for medical treatment in Cuba, The source said that the medical ranging from mines polluting rivers to on January 27, would have left him just because South Africa joined leaving him unable to attend the certifi cate appeared to be a legiti- power plants releasing the carbon that with roughly four days to undergo Brics [the Brazil, India, China, Zondo commission of inquiry. mate SAMHS document, multiple drives global heating. his medical treatment and recuper- Russia, South Africa bloc] under Zuma was in Cuba in early copies of which would have been I started this job as a trainee reporter. ate before travelling back to South my leadership. They said I was December last year — travelling generated in terms of military The M&G newsroom is one where people Africa. On this schedule, Zuma going to destroy the country.” with a personal assistant and doc- protocol. “All military documents share ideas and challenge each other, would have been hard pressed to The M&G has now established tor. He travelled back to South would be duplicated, with copies with the expectation that any reporter attend court on February 4. from diff erent sources in the gov- Africa on December 8 via Paris on retained by the issuing medical and any story can lead and drive the Mantsha had not responded to ernment that the SANDF had a commercial fl ight. He landed in offi cer; the institution from which national news agenda. Apply. Or share requests for comment about when been considering an investigation the French capital on the morning it was issued and pharmacy ser- the link. — Sipho Kings the presurgery assessment was into the sick note handed in to the of December 8 and was received vices.” — Additional reporting by conducted, by which anaesthetist, court during the week, but that it by the South African diplomatic Paddy Harper

NUMBERS OF THE WEEK The number of years Jacob Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma has been Published by M&G Media Ltd, SUBSCRIPTIONS TU Zuma 17 Eighth Floor, Metal Box, Inquiries: 011 447 0696 or R 177 fighting not to have his day KE 25 Owl Street, Braamfontein SMS “subs” to 34917 Y in court. This week he evaded R3-billionThe amount of money Patricia de Lille Werf, Johannesburg, South Complaints: 0860 070 700 520 000 Africa. his corruption court case denies her public works department owes PO Box 91667, Auckland Park, DISTRIBUTION Aleppo again with an allegedly Eskom, saying the 2006. TO SHOPS Website: www.mg.co.za M&G Media Ltd is now M dubious doctor’s note figure is wrong 50km edi responsible for its own ter newspaper distribution. r Idlib CONTACT US an Johannesburg: 011 250 7300 If you can’t find your e a Advertising fax: 011 250 7503 favourite read in the n SYRIAYRIARIA Cape Town: 021 426 0802 shops, please phone S The number e Cape Town fax: 021 425 9056 011 447 0696 a of volun- 9 585.5% Letters to the editor: C YPRUS Venezuela’s inflation at [email protected] Printed by Caxton Printers teers who the end of 2019, a sharp (Pty) Ltd, 14 Wright Street, The 5 407 joined the HVTN 702- Industria West, 2093 LEBANNNON textt t fall from 130 060% in Gauteng. 010 492 3394 number Beirut Uhambo HIV vaccine 2018, the country’s cen- of people — efficacy study. During tral bank said on Tuesday The Mail & Guardian subscribes mainly women and children — who have the unsuccessful vaccine trials, to the South African Press Code, fled the war-torn Idlib province in Syria 252 South Africans contracted which prescribes news that is Patricia de Lille truthful, accurate, fair and balanced. since December 1. This is one of the largest the HIV virus Graphic: JOHN McCANN If we don’t live up to the code, exoduses since the conflict started in 2011 Compiled by: please contact the Press Ombudsman at 011 484 3612/8. ATHANDIWE SABA Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 3 The real state of the nation SIU raids master of high court

Officials assisting with deceased estates, trusts, and protecting minors allegedly siphon off funds

Sabelo Skiti & Chris Gilili at the same time at all 15 offi ces. It also saw Justice and Constitutional ina Masuku, the deputy Development Minister Ronald Clean-up: After Justice Minister Ronald Lamola closed all 15 of the masters’ offices on Monday, the Special master at the high court Lamola shut the masters’ offi ces and Investigating Unit investigators moved in and worked through the night. Photo: David Harrison in Mbombela, Mpuma- order all offi cers away for two days. Blanga, has been in jail This allowed the SIU to take specifi c A proclamation signed by President ter Theresia Bezuidenhout, who is master by the police’s organised since November last year. desktops and laptops it had identi- Cyril Ramaphosa on January 30 accused of meddling in disciplinary crime unit and then the Hawks — She was arrested for stealing R1.7- fi ed as necessary for the investigation, empowers the SIU to investigate the cases to protect deputy masters — detail allegations of fraud and corrup- million from people seeking help with which will have far-reaching implica- master of the high court regarding: including Masuku — and offi cials she tion dating back to 2013. deceased estates. tions for the master’s branch in the • Maladministration in the admin- favours. A source with intimate knowledge Masuku, who has worked for the department of justice. istration of deceased estates, winding Bezuidenhout is the subject of an of the investigation said Ramaphosa justice department for 15 years, can- The branch assists with the admin- up of insolvent estates and the protec- investigation into misconduct and was approached, through Luthuli not get bail because she was found istration of deceased estates, liqui- tion and administration of the funds irregular expenditure involving the House, to have the SIU do a consoli- to have fraudulently obtained South dations, registration of trusts, the of minors; master in Kimberley, Craig Davids. dated investigation. African citizenship. She was also appointment of curators and the • Losses or prejudice suff ered by Documents show that the depart- “The president has given the SIU a found to have falsified her quali- administration of the Guardian’s the master’s offi ces or the state as a ment incurred travel and accom- year to get the investigations out of fications, passing herself off as an Fund, which looks after minors and result of maladministration; modation costs so that Davids could the way even though the trials will advocate. legally incapacitated people, as well • Unauthorised, irregular or fruit- travel to Mbombela to represent an likely take years to conclude,” the Among the eight victims who fell as benefi ciaries of pension funds and less and wasteful expenditure in employee accused of gross negligence source said. “The focus will be people prey to Masuku and her husband Pule deceased estates who can’t be traced. respect to travel, subsistence and and prejudicing the administration of in the offi ce as well as high-profi le pri- Kgosiemang are the wife and two The numerous complaints about accommodation costs for offi cials; the department. vate liquidators.” children of Elias Ngcongwane. The these offi ces include maladministra- • Irregular appointment of offi cials This was related to the employee A former employee of the high family lost more than R540 000 in tion, allegations of corruption and at the offi ce; having issued a letter of authority to court in Pretoria alleges in a state- death benefi ts in 2015 after Masuku other malfeasance. These include the • Interference by senior offi cials in an ex-wife, giving her power over her ment made in relation to the police introduced them to Kgosiemang, say- destruction or theft of 45 000 files pending disciplinary matters against former husband’s estate when the investigation: “I received information ing he was an attorney and would at the master in Pretoria, as well as offi cials or a failure to institute disci- man had a five-year-old child who during June 2013 from two liquida- help them register the estate. She problems at the high court in Cape plinary proceedings; should have been a benefi ciary. tors relating to alleged fraud and cor- then abused her authority by handing Town, which has backlogs in process- • Procurement of contract clean- Davids referred all queries to ruption by [name withheld] and oth- Kgosiemang executor powers, which ing the registration of trusts. ing services and payments made in Bezuidenhout’s offi ce. ers. I am in possession of a number of enabled him to siphon money from In the Mthatha master’s office in respect of those contracts; and The M&G has also seen payment emails and other types of communi- the trust. the Eastern Cape, there is apparently • Payment of salaries to ghost stubs that show Bezuidenhout’s cation in this regard.” In another instance, which forms little compliance oversight on mil- employees in the offi ce. branch paid in excess of R1.3-million The whistleblower also said one part of four charges in a depart- lions of rands in trusts emanating The investigation will cover the to accommodate a personal assistant of the informants, Erly Bester, was mental disciplinary process against from medico-legal and Road Accident period from January 1 2014 until who travelled between KwaZulu- “found dead” on July 15 2013, just her, Masuku was accused of hand- Fund litigation. It’s alleged that attor- January 30 2020. Natal to Johannesburg from March four days after he cancelled a following executorship over Mbombela neys, instructed by the court to open SIU spokesperson Kaizer 2017 to September 2019. The pay- up meeting. Bester says in the letter resident Corrine Musgrove’s estate trusts for their clients, deposit part of Kganyago said: “Our teams were ments to Travel With Flair show the he sent to the whistleblower that he to a person (whose name is known the money awarded to their clients there and worked throughout the employee stayed at the Tsogo Sun 39 had received death threats and was to the Mail & Guardian), who then and pocket the rest. night and were done by yesterday times at a cost of R1.1-million, fl ights scared. stole R705 666.60 from Musgrove’s Lamola’s spokesperson Crispin [Tuesday]. What will happen next cost R86 309 and R55 089 was paid Another former employee in the benefi ciaries. Phiri said he was not in a position is that they will mirror the hard for car hire and transfers. office of the master said giving evi- Masuku’s case is one of many to comment on individuals, save to drives and begin the process of going Bezuidenhout said she could not dence regarding alleged fraud and involving the master of the high say the investigation would address through what is in there. After that comment on the allegations because corruption implicating senior offi- court offi ces, which saw the Special numerous complaints brought to the we will see if there are any other doc- they will form part of her responses to cials led to them being removed from Investigating Unit (SIU) raid all 15 ministry. “The issue of the deputy uments we need.” the SIU. the offi ce’s panel of liquidators. offi ces in the country on Monday. master in Nelspruit in particular has Since assuming office last year, Another set of documents — state- The raid, involving 87 investiga- called into question the administra- Lamola has been inundated with ments that are part of a criminal Chris Gilili is an Open Society Foun- tors, was co-ordinated to take place tive process in the master’s offi ce.” complaints against acting chief mas- investigation into the office of the dation fellow

EXPO and CONFERENCE 18 - 20 FEBRUARY 2020 SUN ARENA, PRETORIA brought to you by AGRICULTURE 2020 AND BEYOND 3 DAY CONFERENCE PROGRAMME REGISTER NOW! www.africaagritech.co.za 4 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 The real state of the nation Impossible choices in QwaQwa:

A broken municipality and a four-year crisis forces residents to consider desperate choices, such as trading sex for water

Bongekile Macupe

very drop of water counts in QwaQwa. So when the Mail & EGuardian visited the area this week and saw buckets lined up outside people’s doors to collect rainwater it was not an unusual sight. The people of QwaQwa in the Not a drop to drink: Residents in QwaQwa have not had water Maluti-a-Phofung municipality in in their taps since October. Many have to walk long distances the Free State have been experienc- and stand in queues to purchase water from a water truck — if ing a water crisis since 2016. The they can afford it. Those people with money have purchased taps finally ran dry in October. Jojo tanks (left) to collect rainwater. According to a government At the heart of the crisis is ageing report, ageing water infrastructure and political instability in the water infrastructure, according to an municipality are to blame. Photos: Delwyn Verasamy April 2019 report by the department of co-operative governance and tra- QwaQwa residents, fed up with not old granddaughter came back from ditional affairs following a visit to having water, took to the streets. school one day without having eaten that area by the then minister, Zweli Those protests and the lack of water her lunch. She told me that she had Mkhize. meant learners attended only three gone to the toilet and was so dis- The situation is exacerbated by days of school in January. Some resi- gusted by the faeces in the toilet that political instability in the municipal- dents home-schooled their children. she could not eat. Imagine that.” ity, maladministration, poor delivery But for others who did not have the Locals also said that some schools of services, high levels of corruption, capacity, this meant that children ask learners to bring water to school. poor financial management and a were left idle. Another resident said: “I don’t trust R4-billion debt owed to Eskom. Last They went back to school on the water from the Jojo tank. Do you year the municipality’s chief finan- Monday. But schools rely on water know that someone can pour poison cial officer and expenditure manager tanks and this has compromised the inside a Jojo tank and all our kids were arrested for fraud and corrup- Audit Outcomes, the municipality shortages. In the central business hygiene in school toilets. Learners would die at school.” tion amounting to R4.6-million in a was flagged as one of nine out of 23 district of Phuthaditjhaba — the have to get water from the tanks to Residents who have the means buy security tender. municipalities whose audits had not main town in the area —roads are flush the toilets. When there isn’t water to drink. Those with cars fetch The auditor general has not pre- been finalised by the cut-off date. pockmarked with potholes and water, going to the toilet becomes water from neighbouring towns, sented glowing reviews of the cash- The report said this was because heaps of rubbish lie everywhere. In unpleasant. which they use for cooking, flushing strapped municipality, which was of late or nonsubmission of financial the suburbs, people have to make Parents are also worried about toilets and other chores. put under administration in 2018. In statements, among other factors. their own arrangements to discard the health of their children if they Other residents and businesses its 2017-2018 Consolidated General This municipal failure manifests waste. have to use unhygienic toilets. One have resorted to buying water tanks Report on the Local Government itself in other ways besides water For two weeks in January, local told the M&G: “My seven-year- for their homes. Selling those tanks is a booming business.

nother lucrative busi- Embattled Limpopo municipality fails residents — again ness is owning a truck Aand selling water to busi- The Sekhukhune District lating the 2017 court order. Moloto conceded that its provi- serves. A large part of this money nesses and residents who Municipality, plagued by allega- The court battle was the first sion of water to the villages is “not indeed was supposed to be paid own tanks. Filling a Jojo tank from a tions of corruption involving irreg- step in an effort by residents, rep- at the satisfactory level”, but denied to service providers … but keep water truck costs R350 for 1 000 litres ular expenditure, does not have the resented by the Centre for Applied that its officials were deliberately in mind that even the R12-million and R800 for 5 000 litres. If people money to provide water to all its Legal Studies (CALS), to find act- neglectful. was not going to address the could buy water directly from the residents. ing municipal manager Mpho The municipality has recently water situation in our district. municipality, they would pay about This is according to the munici- Mofokeng in contempt of court. encountered “a little bit of instabil- Surely we require way more than R350 for 20 000 litres of water. pality’s spokesperson, Moloko In November, the municipality”, he added. “So it’s not as if we that.” For people who don’t have that Moloto, who told the Mail & ity was issued a contempt order have these accounting officers who Meanwhile, the municipality much money, or access to water Guardian on Tuesday that ideally after two years of what lawyers are saying: ‘We are simply going to continues to lose money by keeping tanks, life becomes about waiting they would hire service providers described as its “egregious” failure ignore that [the court order].’” Maseko on the payroll. for the municipal water trucks. In to send water tankers to the vil- to comply with the 2017 order. Since his appointment, Mofokeng Moloto told the M&G that to Letshalemaduke village, the last lages in Flag Boshielo West not Mofokeng was not included in the has been tasked with dealing with relieve the economic burden of time the water trucks visited was on receiving water. contempt order because he had allegations of corruption and mal- paying Maseko’s salary, the council January 2. He said this is what is holding the only been in the acting position for administration by municipality is considering a proposal to “part On Tuesday morning, a truck car- municipality back from complying two months. officials. ways” with the suspended munici- rying 7 500 litres of water arrived. with a 2017 court order compel- In an affidavit to the court, In 2018, R5.4-million destined to pal manager. But this was not enough. By the ling it to provide its residents with Mofokeng says that upon taking pay a service provider was paid to He pointed out, however, that time the M&G reached the group of a lifeline as it seeks a permanent up office he had become “swamped individuals instead and last year when the municipal council sus- mostly women waiting for the truck, solution to its water crisis. and overloaded” trying to familiar- the municipality discovered that pended Maseko, “they did not say the water was finished and those Moloto spoke to the M&G outside ise himself with his duties. it was missing R12-million. The there was corruption”. who had not managed to fill their the Pretoria high court, where the But since the contempt order, the money — a compensation fund Moloto said the council is in the buckets and containers with water latest round in the battle to get municipality’s failure to perform its contribution — had reportedly process of “overhauling” the entire were left dejected. the municipality to supply water duties has persisted, CALS attorney been transferred to the wrong system, but “the executive leader- “Ausi, life is hard here. What must to five villages — Elandskraal, Ariella Scher notes in an affidavit. account. ship isn’t in the position that we we do now? The water is finished Morarela, Mbuzini, Dichoeng and According to Scher, there was More recently, the municipality want”. and this Jojo is going back and will Tsantsabela — played out. no water sent to Mbuzini for two revealed that it is investigating But Scher says Flag Boshielo not come back again,” said a visibly The municipality has been in and weeks last month and a number of how officials paid R4.4-million to West residents are not prepared to frustrated woman. out of court for almost five years water tankers have stood empty, a service provider which was only sit tight until the municipality gets “They have not delivered water over the matter. in some instances for weeks on meant to be paid half that amount. its act together. since 2 January and when they do At the centre of the standoff has end, in Elandskraal, Morarela and According to Moloto, Mofokeng “Our clients can’t be expected to come, they come with little water. been municipal manager Norah Tsantsabela. has been instructed to take disci- wait an indefinite amount of time Why are we being treated like this, Maseko, who was suspended last In her affidavit Scher says the plinary action against “all those for … a new incumbent [municipal mara?” year over an irregular contract for a municipality has demonstrated officials who are implicated” in the manager] to be recruited before The only option for those who did R67-million sanitation project. “flagrant disregard” of the court double payment. protecting their rights — under the not receive water is to fetch it from But now, with Maseko out of order, adding that the “behaviour Moloto added: “Obviously any Constitution and the various court a river or buy from one of the small the picture, residents want her of the municipality will continue” if money that belongs to the public orders — to access clean and safe bakkies that drive around selling successor to be arrested for vio- tougher sanctions are not applied. has a particular purpose that it drinking water.” — Sarah Smit water. A 20 litre container costs anything from R7 to R10. Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 5 News What it takes to get water

have not even cleaned my house. I trucks to get water because, hon- rushed here thinking that maybe estly, we cannot live like this,” said a today a Jojo will come so we can get young woman. water,” said one woman. She is serious. She told the M&G The women told the M&G that the about rumours that the men who last time the water truck came to drive the water trucks say the reason their area was on December 16. On why people in her part of the village January 4, residents forced a water are not receiving water is the women truck to stop and managed to get do not want to give their phone water. numbers to them. The women were joined by their “Other women are clearly giving small children while they waited. out their numbers and that is why The children had composed a song their areas maybe do get water. We and chanted “Jojo, Jojo, Jojo” in must sleep with these men then.” anticipation of a water truck’s These are the calculations that arrival. people in QwaQwa are forced to “I stay with my sickly, elderly par- make. ents who defecate on themselves But it does not have to get to this and this means I have to do their if the government sticks to the inter- washing everyday. But how can I do vention plans it has for the area. that without water?” asked another During the January protests, woman. Water and Sanitation Minister Lindiwe Sisulu visited the area and, hese women said they are among other interventions, she now scared of fetching water promised that 5 000 water tanks Tfrom the river or sending would be provided within seven days their children there to collect to ensure that all households have a it. This is after an eight-year-old girl tank. drowned while fetching water from a She also promised that the depart- The women do not work. Most buy water. Do you see how bad this — another group of mostly young river recently. ment would investigate new tech- of them survive on their children’s situation is, mara ausi?” women line up their buckets and The women said their lives have nology that can assist with miti- social grants and it is from this R420 Another woman said: “My child containers waiting for a truck to been hell since not having water. gating the water problems in the a month that they now also have to has to suffer and not get an edu- deliver water. Their situation is compounded by province. budget money to buy water. cation because we have to get It was 11.30am when the M&G the fact that they are poor and can- But, on Monday no water tanks “I have taken my child out of cre- water.” came across this group. They had not afford to buy water. arrived. Instead, five water trucks che because the money I paid to the About 5km from the first group of been waiting since 8am. “We might as well prostitute our- were delivered to the municipal creche for his school fees now has to women — still in Letshalemaduke “When you see me here, ausi, I selves to the men driving the Jojo offices.

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2006 In February Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi, then minister of public service and administration, promises to eradicate bucket toilets by 2007. In the 2006 the bucket election manifesto, the ANC again commits to eradicating the bucket toilet system by 2007

2008 to 2009 President Kgalema Motlanthe also sets ambitious targets to eradicate backlogs in access to sanitation by 2014 toilet stink 2014 Minister of Water and Sanitation Nomvula Mokonyane indicates that government is hard at work to eliminate the bucket toilet system by the

Graphic: JOHN McCANN end of the 2015-16 financial year. Mokonyane then admits that the Compiled by:Compiled M&G DATADESK target for December 2014 will not be met. “[O]n behalf of the President, I must apologise to the people of South Africa in The minister has joined a long line of politicians that we were overambitious in targeting the completion of the bucket and ministers promising to eradicate bucket eradication backlog by December 2014, a target toilets and then failing to deliver that we will not meet. However, with the budgets that we have secured and the “Give us plans we have in place, we will meet the time. Come to us in Athandiwe Saba Kgalema Motlanthe also set an target during the 2015-16 financial year,” six months ... ” ambitious target — to eradicate she told the National Council of Provinces nder every president the backlogs in providing peo- during a debate on the matter after Nelson Mandela ple with improved sanitation by Minister of Human Settlements there has been a promise 2014, including the eradication of 2019 In June Sisulu promises bucket Uthat bucket toilets would bucket toilets. His statement in the toilet eradication in six months be relegated to the past. presidential annual report of 2008- These promises have never been ful- 2009 was straightforward and unam- filled. biguous. By 2014 there were still an ... and billions have been More than 12 000 homes in South estimated 85 718 bucket toilets and, R2.9bn Africa still use bucket toilets, and since then, almost R3-billion has spent on the system spent over four years days can go by without them being been spent to replace them. cleaned. Kotze said: “There is a moral respon- Province 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 The latest person to make this sibility to ensure the bucket system Eastern Cape — R176.2m R83.3m — promise was Human Settlements, is eradicated. The bigger issue is how Water and Sanitation Minister politicians govern. There is a culture Free State R166m R421.9m R517.2m R755.2 Lindiwe Sisulu. She told City Press in of lack of accountability where politi- Northern Cape — R377.5m R214.4m R182.3 June: “We will eradicate this bucket cians [who] fail to meet their targets North West R10.6m R2.4m R16.4m — system. Give us time. Come to us in six or execute their duties somehow get months and ask us about the bucket off scot-free without them being held Annual total of R176.6m R978.1m R815m R937.5m system.” More than seven months accountable for their failures.” expenditure have passed since then. She added that until that “culture of Joleen Steyn Kotze, a senior a lack of accountability” is addressed, Some numbers have been rounded off research specialist in democracy, gov- those people living in inhumane ernance, and service delivery at the conditions — such as having to use Human Sciences Research Council, bucket toilets — are going to continue being built … this refers to the system 52 000 bucket toilets in formal areas. for 2019-2020, the department said said bucket toilets are a human rights doing so. in the formal areas,” said Ratau. The majority of these backlogs were it needed another R2.3-billion to get issue, because using them strips peo- Water and sanitation spokesperson But later he says: “The target is a in the Eastern Cape, Free State, rid of bucket sanitation systems in ple of their dignity. Sputnik Ratau said: “A combination moving target as municipalities con- Northern Cape and North West prov- formal settlements and reach out to In 2006, former president Thabo of factors has resulted in the minister tinue to provide households with inces. But now, most of these toilets about 30 978 rural households with Mbeki was the fi rst to say that bucket missing the deadline she set, includ- bucket toilets as a form of sanitation.” have been eradicated, he said. sanitation backlogs. toilets would be eradicated — by ing tenders that were not fi nalised on In 2018, Ratau told the M&G that Data provided by the department in As has been tradition, the depart- 2007. The same call was made by the time.” the department had identified dry 2018 showed that almost R3-billion ment has set another deadline that ANC in the build-up to the local elec- But it is unclear whether there are toilets, costing R11 500 each, and had been spent on eradicating the toilets will be completed in the tions that year. more bucket toilets being built or not. waterborne sanitation, at R15 000 a bucket system in the four provinces Northern Cape by the end of April The deadline was missed. Answering questions, Ratau said: toilet, as the solution. with the biggest backlogs. 2020 whilst the Free State Projects A year later, former president “There are no new Bucket Toilets He said there were more than In its annual performance plan will be completed by August 2020. Council officials must explain wastage or pay up

Thando Maeko powers, where there is evidence that into eff ect. Makwetu said the audi- preventative controls were not put tors have already found about 60 Auditor General (AG) Kimi in place, or that corruption occurred, instances of material irregulari- Makwetu’s extended powers will auditors can demand that those ties. This year, the AG will audit the soon be used to hold municipal man- responsible recover “an appropriate fi nances of an additional 89 provin- agers and chief fi nancial offi cers of portion of the fi nancial loss”. cial and national departments as well local councils personally liable for “It’s also about going down to the as state enterprises. irregular expenditure that cannot be individual levels of accountability,” To do more, auditors also have to be explained away. Makwetu said, adding that although trained to become forensic investiga- Makwetu told the Mail & Guardian departments are governed by the tors which allows them to dig deeper. in an interview on the sidelines of Public Finance Management Act, But this is dangerous work — death the Public Sector Forum held in there is “no one who has bothered to threats have already been received Johannesburg this week that his check what the law requires them to by auditors who have discovered evi- offi ce plans to use the Public Audit do”. dence of fi nancial mismanagement. Amendment Act to audit the fi nan- If there is any evidence of mate- Makwetu said the threats usually cial statements of an initial 10 munic- rial irregularities, auditors from the come in the form of anonymous let- ipalities across the country for any AG’s office are required to write to ters once the auditors have searched instances of “material irregularities”. the accounting offi cer asking them to extensively “into the closet” and offi - These are municipalities that have explain the fi nancial loss or fraudu- cials become rattled. been identified for their history of lent activity. If there is a fi nancial loss Local law enforcement is now fruitless and wasteful expenditure, he that has been identified — and the being told when auditors are in the said. accounting offi cer is not in a position area, so they are ready to respond to The Act, which was signed into Bold moves: Auditor General Kimi Makwetu will target offenders at to explain or recover that loss — then any threats or problems. Auditors law by President Cyril Ramaphosa municipalities. Photo: David Harrison the auditor has to hand the evidence also hide where they are staying. last year, gives the AG real teeth. to an investigating agency such as the The idea of bodyguards wouldn’t Before this, auditors could report municipalities to “test how the pro- out of South Africa’s 257 municipali- Hawks or the Special Investigating work, said Makwetu: “You can’t evidence of irregular expenditure visions [of the Act] would work”, ties received clean audits. This was Unit. aff ord auditors running around with but that information would often go Makwetu said. down from the 33 municipalities that Makwetu said a decision is then bodyguards otherwise it will make nowhere. Now, municipal manag- The last full municipal audit, for received clean audits in the previous made on “who needs to be held the audit system scary.” ers and accounting officers can be 2017-2018, showed that unauthor- fi nancial year. accountable”. held responsible for theft or wasting ised, irregular, fruitless and waste- Makwetu said the statistics show a Sixteen provincial and national Thando Maeko is an Adamela money. ful expenditure at municipalities “deterioration in the general govern- government departments have been Trust Business Fellow at the But fi rst they need to audit the 10 has reached R122-billion. Only 18 ance environment”. Under the new audited since the new Act came Mail & Guardian Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 7 SCATEC SOLAR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PARTNER SEARCH

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dŚĞƉƌĞĨĞƌƌĞĚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƌǁŝůůďĞĂďůĞƚŽĂƐƐŝƐƚ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌŝŶĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ Early Childhood Development (ECD) Support ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞƐ͗

dŚĞƐĞůĞĐƚĞĚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƌƐŚŽƵůĚďĞĂďůĞƚŽĂƐƐŝƐƚ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌŝŶĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ a.dŽĞǀĂůƵĂƚĞƚŚĞ^DDƐƚŚĂƚĂƌĞĂƉƉůǇŝŶŐĨŽƌĂůŽĂŶƚŽ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌŝŶŽƌĚĞƌƚŽĚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĞ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞƐ͗ ƚŚĞŝƌĞůŝŐŝďŝůŝƚǇďǇŵĞĂŶƐŽĨĂŶĂƉƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƚĞĚƵĞĚŝůŝŐĞŶĐĞƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĐŽͲĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚǁŝƚŚ ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌ͘ a.dŽĐƌĞĂƚĞĂƐƚƌŽŶŐƉŝƉĞůŝŶĞŽĨƋƵĂůŝĮĞĚƉƌĂĐƟƟŽŶĞƌƐƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĂƐƐĞƐƐŵĞŶƚĂŶĚĂĐĐƌĞĚͲ b.dŽŝĚĞŶƟĨǇĂŶĚĐŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƚĞĂƌĞĂƐŽĨĐŽŶĐĞƌŶƌĞůĂƚĞĚƚŽƚŚĞƌĞƉĂǇŵĞŶƚŽĨĂŶǇůŽĂŶƚŽ ŝƚĞĚƚƌĂŝŶŝŶŐ͖ ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌĚƵƌŝŶŐƚŚĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĂƐǁĞůůĂƐĚƵƌŝŶŐƌĞƉĂǇŵĞŶƚ͘ b. dŽŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ ĂĐĐĞƐƐ ƚŽ ƋƵĂůŝƚǇ ŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƟĞƐ͕ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ ĂŶĚ ĞƋƵŝƉŵĞŶƚ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ďŽƚŚ c.dŽŚĂǀĞƚŚĞƌĞƋƵŝƐŝƚĞĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟǀĞĐĂƉĂĐŝƚǇ͕ƋƵĂůŝĮĐĂƟŽŶƐĂŶĚĐĞƌƟĮĐĂƟŽŶƚŽĨƵůůǇ ĐĞŶƚƌĞͲďĂƐĞĚĂŶĚŶŽŶͲĐĞŶƚƌĞͲďĂƐĞĚƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵĞƐ͖ ĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚĞƌĂůůůŽĂŶƐƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚƚŽ^DDƐĂŶĚŝŶǀŽŝĐĞ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌĂĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐůǇ͕ƟŵĞŽƵƐůǇ c.dŽƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚĞŶƚŚĞĐĂƉĂĐŝƚǇŽĨĐĂƌĞŐŝǀĞƌƐĂŶĚĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚǇŵĞŵďĞƌƐƚŽďĞĂĐƟǀĞůǇŝŶǀŽůǀĞĚŝŶ ĂŶĚĂĐĐƵƌĂƚĞůǇ͘ ƚŚĞƐƟŵƵůĂƟŽŶŽĨǇŽƵŶŐĐŚŝůĚƌĞŶ͖ d.dŽƐŚĂƌĞƚŚĞ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌǀŝƐŝŽŶŽĨďƌŝŶŐŝŶŐĂďŽƵƚĞŶŚĂŶĐĞŵĞŶƚŝŶ^DDƐ͛ĐĂƉĂĐŝƚǇ͕ƚŚĞŝƌ d.dŽĂĐƟǀĞůǇĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƚĞƚŚĞƚƌĂŶƐŝƟŽŶĨƌŽŵƚŽƉƌŝŵĂƌǇƐĐŚŽŽů͖ĂŶĚ ĂďŝůŝƚǇƚŽĂƩƌĂĐƚďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐ͕ƚŚĞŝƌƚƵƌŶŽǀĞƌĂŶĚƉƌŽĮƚĂďŝůŝƚǇ͕ĂŶĚ͕ǀĞƌǇŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚůǇ͕ƚŚĞŝƌ e.dŽĞǆƉůŽƌĞƉŽƚĞŶƟĂůƐǇŶĞƌŐŝĞƐǁŝƚŚŽƚŚĞƌƐƚƌĂƚĞŐŝĐƚŚĞŵĞƐͶĨŽƌĞǆĂŵƉůĞ͕ĨŽŽĚŐĂƌĚĞŶƐ͘ ĂďŝůŝƚǇƚŽĐƌĞĂƚĞũŽďƐͶƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƐŵĂůůďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐůŽĂŶƉƌŽǀŝƐŝŽŶ͘

Youth Development Programmes Teacher Assistant Development Programme ;DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐĂŶĚ>ŝƚĞƌĂĐǇͿ dŚĞƐĞůĞĐƚĞĚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƌǁŝůůďĞĂďůĞƚŽĂƐƐŝƐƚ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌŝŶĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞƐ͗ dŚĞƐĞůĞĐƚĞĚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƌǁŝůůďĞĂďůĞƚŽĂƐƐŝƐƚ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌŝŶĂĐŚŝĞǀŝŶŐƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ ŽďũĞĐƟǀĞƐ͗ a.dŽĚĞǀĞůŽƉĂǁĞůůͲƌŽƵŶĚĞĚǇŽƵƚŚůĞĂĚĞƌƐŚŝƉĐĂƉĂĐŝƚǇŝŶŽƵƌŚŽƐƚĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƟĞƐ͖ b./ŶĐƌĞĂƐĞǇŽƵƚŚǁĞůůŶĞƐƐ;ƉŚǇƐŝĐĂůĂŶĚŵĞŶƚĂůͿƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƌĞŐƵůĂƌ͕ƐĐŚĞĚƵůĞĚ͕ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞĚĂŶĚ a.tĞůůͲƚƌĂŝŶĞĚĂŶĚĐŽŵŵŝƩĞĚĞĚƵĐĂƚŽƌƐĂŶĚĂƐƐŝƐƚĂŶƚƐ͖ ƐƵƉĞƌǀŝƐĞĚĂĐƟǀŝƟĞƐǁŚĞƌĞůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐĂŶĚĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƟĞƐƚĂŬĞƉůĂĐĞ͘dŚĞƐĞƉƌŽͲ b./ŵƉƌŽǀĞĚĂĐĐĞƐƐƚŽůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐĂŶĚƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ͖ c.ƐƚĂďůĞƉŝƉĞůŝŶĞŽĨƚĞĂĐŚĞƌƐǁŚŽĐĂŶŝŵƉůĞŵĞŶƚŝŵƉƌŽǀĞĚƉĞĚĂŐŽŐŝĐĂůƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐŵĞƚŚͲ ŐƌĂŵŵĞƐŵĂǇŽĐĐƵƌďĞĨŽƌĞŽƌĂŌĞƌƐĐŚŽŽů͕ǁĞĞŬĞŶĚƐ͕ŽƌĚƵƌŝŶŐƐĞĂƐŽŶĂůďƌĞĂŬƐ͖ĂŶĚ ŽĚƐ͖ c.dŽŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞĂĐĐĞƐƐƚŽǇŽƵƚŚͲĨŽĐƵƐĞĚŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƟĞƐĂŶĚŶƵƌƚƵƌŝŶŐĂƐĞŶƐĞŽĨĂŐĞŶĐǇ͘dŚŝƐ d.ƉůĂƞŽƌŵĨŽƌĞĚƵĐĂƚŽƌƐǁŝƚŚŝŶƐĐŚŽŽůƐĂŶĚĂĐƌŽƐƐƐĐŚŽŽůƐƚŽƐŚĂƌĞŝĚĞĂƐ͕ŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞĂŶĚ ƐŚŽƵůĚ ďĞ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐŝǀĞ͕ ĚĞĮŶĞĚ ƐŬŝůůƐ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ƉƌŽŐƌĂŵŵĞƐ ƚĂƌŐĞƚĞĚ Ăƚ ůĞƐƐŽŶƐůĞĂƌŶƚ͖ĂŶĚ ƐƉĞĐŝĮĐũŽďŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƟĞƐ͘^ǇŶĞƌŐŝĞƐƐŚŽƵůĚĂůƐŽďĞĞǆƉůŽƌĞĚǁŝƚŚŝŶƚĞƌŶƐŚŝƉŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƟĞƐ e./ŵƉƌŽǀĞĚůĞĂƌŶĞƌŽƵƚĐŽŵĞƐŝŶŵĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐĂŶĚůŝƚĞƌĂĐǇŝŶƚŚĞĨŽƵŶĚĂƟŽŶƉŚĂƐĞĂƐĂ ŝŶ^ĐĂƚĞĐ^ŽůĂƌĂƐǁĞůůĂƐŽƚŚĞƌŽƌŐĂŶŝƐĂƟŽŶƐ͘ ƌĞƐƵůƚ͕ĂƐǁĞůůĂƐĂŵŽƌĞƐƵĐĐĞƐƐĨƵůƚƌĂŶƐŝƟŽŶƚŽƚŚĞŝŶƚĞƌŵĞĚŝĂƚĞƉŚĂƐĞ͘

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Lester Kiewit lion people. Some politicians say it’s a specifi c discussion on supporting tion from other provinces because tion, the proposal was that there be now necessary to increase the num- current MPLs with greater research of what is happening there. And it is about 52 or 54.” The ANC in the Western Cape has ber of seats to refl ect the increase in capacity. unfair to the Western Cape because This would mean the Constitution agreed, in principle, to discuss a population. “The ANC interim provincial com- the capacity of MPLs to serve con- has to be amended each time the move to call for the increase in the The ANC’s caucus leader in the mittee has resolved that the mat- stituencies is stretched too thin to population grows by about threee number of seats for elected public legislature, Cameron Dugmore, said ter be discussed and that we also do their parliamentary work.” million people, so leaving the num- representatives. an increase in population means engage our national leadership. This Madikizela said the proposed ber at 60 now would be good for 20 Following an interim provincial the oversight work of government we will do before making a final increase in seats is not just to give more years of growth, he said. leadership committee meeting last functions, as well as the responsi- decision on the matter,” Dugmore more politicians jobs, but because The MEC said the provincial gov- weekend, the party said it is willing bilities of Members of the Provincial said. there is a need for the legislature to ernment has already started cut- to discuss the matter, and raise it Legislature (MPLs) to interact with The head of government busi- hear the views of more citizens. ting costs when it comes to the with the party’s national leadership. constituents, has intensifi ed. ness in the legislature, Human “When you are a constituency benefits and perks for provincial The proposal was fi rst mooted by “In the last administration the Settlements MEC Bonginkosi head serving 100 000 people, it is Cabinet members to mitigate argu- the Democratic Alliance in 2019. DA raised this matter and they are Madikizela, has welcomed the ANC’s completely diff erent serving 200 000 ments that an enlarged legislature is The legislature currently has 42 now raising it again. It is true that willingness to debate the issue. people. It’s about the quality [of the unaff ordable. seats, a number it has had since the population in the province has He said the province has seen interactions]. We are a Parliament Madikizela said more seats in the 1994. The 1996 National Census grown since the initial decision of a mass migration of people from for the people and the decisions that provincial legislature would also indicates that the provincial popula- about 42 seats were made, placing other parts of the country and we make must be based on the views mean smaller political parties would tion at that time was about 3.9-mil- greater pressure on MPLs,” he said. believes it should be allocated more of the people on the ground.” be better represented. lion people. But Dugmore said more economi- seats in Parliament to represent the He said increasing the number Currently, seven political par- Since then, the province has seen cally prudent measures could be growing number of Western Cape of seats in the provincial legis- ties are represented in the Western a population explosion, largely used to lighten the load for over- residents. lature would require a constitu- Cape: the Democratic Alliance, brought on by the migration of peo- worked MPLs. “We are now talking about a popu- tional amendment, a process that ANC, Economic Freedom Fighters, ple from other provinces. According “The current financial environ- lation of more than six million peo- shouldn’t be taken lightly. Good, African Christian Democratic to the latest statistics, the province ment facing our country needs to be ple. And the tragedy is that part of “Ideally we should have about 60 Party, Freedom Front Plus and Al has a population of about six mil- considered. There also needs to be the problem is because of in-migra- MPLs. But, given our fi nancial posi- Jama-ah. Changes to mining Act need work Proposed amendments Licence to exploit: A decade of fights over who has the say on mines to the legislation mandate meaningful 2010 2015 consultation with August: Environmentalists serve an application to controversial mining house January: Zuma refers the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Bill back communities but critics Coal of Africa, as well as the then minister of mineral resources, Susan Shabangu, to the National Assembly for reconsideration after declaring that it would not pass to stop activities at a proposed coal mine near Mapungubwe in an attempt to constitutional muster. say there are loopholes limit environmental damage. September: Mosebenzi Zwane appointed minister. Shabangu announces a six-month moratorium on new prospecting applications 2016 amid a full audit of all mineral rights granted since 2004. Sarah Smit January: Indian company Jindal Africa withdraws application to mine in 2011 Makhasaneni near Melmoth in KwaZulu-Natal following a five-year fight ears of fighting by South African min- April: Shabangu reveals that the inspections, conducted during a moratorium on by residents. ing communities have the awarding of mining rights and licences, had resulted in over 700 notices issued November: Zwane grants an application by Atha-Africa Ventures to mine Yshaped the changes to for environmental violations. coal within the Mabola Protected Environment. Shabangu halts all applications for licences to prospect for shale gas in the Karoo the Mineral and Petro- 2017 leum Resources Development Act. using hydraulic fracturing (fracking) amid concerns raised by farmers and fears that But civic organisations say the the process would contaminate water sources. May: Western Cape high court sets aside a prospecting rights application recently released amendments June: Shabangu revokes the rights to mine at Xolobeni, on the Wild Coast, after that would allow Rhino Oil and Gas Exploration South Africa to frack need some work if these communi- the Amadiba Crisis Committee argued that the granting of mining rights in KwaZulu-Natal. ties are to fi nally be heard. without sufficient community consultation is unlawful. November: Earthlife Africa of Johannesburg and the Concerned Citizens of In his speech to delegates at the Lephalale succeed in appealing the decision to grant an environmental 26th annual Mining Indaba in Cape 2012 authorisation to Groothoek Coal Mining for the proposed construction Town this week, Mineral Resources September: Cabinet drops fracking moratorium. of a coal mine in Lephalale, Limpopo. Minister Gwede Mantashe said that mining companies “must take seri- 2013 2018 ously the communities on whose land they mine”. October: Shabangu announces proposed technical February: Gwede Mantashe appointed minister. The subject of community land regulations which would provide for assessment November: Pretoria high court rules in favour of the Xolobeni community, rights has been a mainstay of of the potential environmental effects of declaring that the minister must obtain consent from the community, as Mantashe’s time as minister, as his fracking activities. the holder of rights on the land, prior to granting any mining rights. department inched closer towards Also in November, the Pretoria high court sets aside the decision to mine inside 2013 finalising the draft amendments the Mabola Protected Environment. to the Mineral and Petroleum January: Shabangu temporarily suspends Mintails 2019 Resources Development Act. operations at the Princess pit in Kagiso, Krugers- The Act — which came into force dorp, following community’s concerns about February: Mantashe tells the 2019 Mining Indaba delegates that he will in 2004 and vests all mineral rights environmental impact. appeal the Xolobeni ruling, saying that government’s authority in mining in the state — governs who gets to February: Then president Jacob Zuma announces regulation needs to be protected. mine. “one environmental system” in an attempt to July: Mantashe announces that his department will not be extracting But in recent years litigation has streamline mining applications. The system gas by way of fracking, but it will use exposed how the Act, in its initial form, has failed to address the tension effectively strips the department of environ- “other methodologies”. between land rights and the rights of mental affairs of its oversight role in In the same month Mantashe companies to mine that land. authorising mining activity. reveals that 60 mineral In two court battles — over the May: Ngoako Ramatlhodi appointed minister resources projects are in informal land rights of the Bakgatla November: Mokopane community in the pipeline. These are community in the North West and Limpopo protests against a mining licence projects in exploration, a community in Xolobeni in the granted to Canadian company Ivanhoe. expansion, new mines Eastern Cape — judges found that and processing plants. Graphic: JOHN McCANN the Act does not trump the rights of Compiled by: SARAH SMIT communities to decide what should happen to their land. consult with these communities — requires “good faith” on the part of participation rights of community phrasing of each of requirements as lthough civic organisa- they have also identified loopholes the applicant. members,” the submission reads. alternative ‘or’ rather than cumula- Ations have pointed out that that could undercut the aim of the “While this requires the applicant In its submission, The Centre for tive ‘and’ means that technically, the amendments to the amendments. to go further than mere notifica- Applied Legal Studies takes issue mere publication in the provincial Mineral and Petroleum Resources For instance, in its submission tion of the aff ected and interested with the phrasing of the require- gazette could be suffi cient”. Development Act are a step in the on the amendments, Corruption parties, the reality is that the guide- ments for initial consultation with This could undermine the “pro- right direction — in that they clar- Watch notes that the defi nition for lines have similar requirements, interested parties. gressive intent of the amendment”, ify what it means to meaningfully meaningful consultation merely which has led to the limitation of The centre points out that “the the submission adds. Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 9

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Attention has been given to democratic South Africa’s first matric pass rate of more than 80%, but the reality is that schools with a 0% pass rate still exist. To look at the connection between dismal results, poor infrastructure and the toll that this takes on learners and educators, Chris Gilili and the M&G Data Desk dug into the numbers and went to Limpopo to find out more

here are schools that achieved a 0% pass rate in matric — 18 in total. Over Tthe past three years, 2017 to 2019, 30 schools achieved a pass rate average of less than 20% . These are the schools where there is no water for learners to drink or textbooks for them to read. Some of these schools don’t have windows. The one thing that they have in common is that they are in the poorest provinces: Lack of resources: Kagiso Mokobi (top left), a grade 12 learner at the Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal and Mokgoma Matlala Secondary School, says it is tough to focus on Limpopo. studying when his school has no water. Photos: Delwyn Verasamy And, while politicians talk about a fourth industrial revolution and laud Only two passed. The school has had the 2019 exams, giving Limpopo the a matric pass rate of more than 81%, an average pass rate of 14% over the highest number of worst-performing the reality is that the learners who past three years. schools. attend these schools are destined to “I do not think I failed because I An analysis by the Mail & Guardian fail. This is according to Siyabulela am stupid or a slow learner. I failed Data Desk focusing on school matric Fobosi, a researcher with the Public because the school is not adequately pass-rate data shows that Mokgoma Service Accountability Monitor unit resourced. We don’t have enough Matlala Secondary School is the 14th- at Rhodes University, who says these textbooks here to study effectively. worst-performing school in the coun- learners “don’t have access to what we We have to share them as groups try over the past three years. call quality basic education”. of five for other subjects, and one The worst-performing is Mahlaba According to the latest National doesn’t get enough time to prepare for Secondary School in Limpopo, an Education Infrastructure Manage- exams, because we stay far apart from hour to the east of Mokobi’s school. ment System report, the majority of each other,” says Mokobi. No matric learners passed there last schools have no laboratories, libraries And his school is not the worst year. At a glance, the school looks in or computer centres. 74% of schools performing — nine schools in the good shape — face-brick walls and don’t have libraries, 80% lack science province achieved a 0% pass rate in a red roof only slightly worn by the labs and 63% don’t have computer weather. But inside the classrooms centres. And the poorer the province, Matric pass rate, by province over four years there are no doors, the windows are the greater the shortage in infrastruc- Pass rates are up but broken and learners have to compete ture, to the point where schools don’t (%) 2016 2017 2018 2019 for a desk. even have basic necessities — such as amenities are few Eastern Cape 59.3 65 70 76.5 When the M&G arrives, the eco- toilets and desks. nomics teacher says the teachers In Mokgoma Matlala Secondary Free State 88.2 86.1 87.5 88.4 don’t have desks and use their laps School, an hour south of Limpopo’s Totals of average education Gauteng 85.1 85.1 87.9 87.2 instead. The teacher, who doesn’t capital, Polokwane, learners budgets over four years KwaZulu-Natal 66.4 72.9 76.2 81.3 want to be named, says: “The worst have struggled to get water since thing is that the education depart- September. By province, Limpopo 62.5 65.6 69.4 73.2 ment does visit the school, but they Grade 12 learner Kagiso Mokobi 2016-17 to 2019-20 Mpumalanga 77.1 74.8 79 80.3 never say anything about improving says studying without basic resources Limpopo the infrastructure. They just come for North West 82.5 79.4 86.8 81 such as water is hard. “You see today Gauteng R118.85bn curriculum-related issues and that is is very hot as well. We struggle to R174.94bn Northern Cape 78.7 75.6 73.3 76.5 about it. Where have you seen teach- North West focus on days like these,” he says. Western Cape 86 82.8 81.5 82.3 ers sharing a toilet with students; it’s There are sweat patches on his R63.05bn a huge disgrace.” blue, short-sleeved shirt and his face Mpumalanga Below 75% Above 75% Only one province University of Johannesburg-based Northern Cape R80.08bn is moist. “At break time we normally R24.62bn remains below 75% education specialist Mary Metcalfe go around the village to ask for water, KwaZulu- Amenities in schools says there is a tangible link between just to drink. We navigate between the performances in diﬀ erent prov- Natal By province Percentage that are without labs (%) the houses, placed distant from each R197.87bn inces and underlying social, economic other, on the gravel paths,” Mokobi Eastern Cape 93 and educational inequalities. says. “Sometimes the teachers buy Eastern Cape Free State 69 “It is a reality that education perfor- water on their way to the school. We Western Cape R135.09bn Gauteng 76 mance correlates with socioeconomic don’t have textbooks here, no labo- R85.74bn status. Schools serving wealthier com- ratory or library even. We cannot Free State R53.11bn KwaZulu-Natal 88 munities perform better than schools excel and perform well under such Limpopo 94 serving poorer communities.” Poorer circumstances.” Mpumalanga 87 homes and communities also have of63.5% schools More than 90% of schools in of74% schools North West 79 fewer resources to support learning, are without Limpopo have no science labs. don’t have Northern Cape 76 she says. Mokobi knows this hardship very computer Essentially the poor are destined to libraries Western Cape 66 well. The 19-year-old failed his mat- centres stay poor. ric last year. He was one of 28 learn- Graphic: JOHN McCANN Compiled by: M&G DATADESK Data sources: DEPT OF BASIC EDUCATION, SECTION 27 More than 40km from Mokobi’s ers from the school who sat the exam. school is another school where Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 11 News The poor get poorer schooling

Top 13 worst-performing schools in all provinces Matric pass rate over past three years, as a percentage (%) over three Province 2017 2018 2019 years Mahlaba Secondary Limpopo 5 5.3 0 3.43 Makama Secondary Limpopo 10 10 0 5.67 Makobateng Secondary Limpopo 18.8 20 0 12.93 Matsebe Secondary Limpopo 33.3 31.3 0 21.53 Dolophini Senior Secondary Eastern Cape 30.9 37.3 0 22.73 Siyazama Senior Secondary Eastern Cape 46.9 14.7 7.4 23 Ntibaneng Secondary Limpopo 28.6 23.5 7.7 19.93 Inkonjane Secondary KwaZulu-Natal 25 13.3 9.1 15.8 Kgolane Secondary-1 Limpopo 40.4 17.9 9.1 22.47 Mthambo High KwaZulu-Natal 5.3 27.3 10 14.2 Mpadi Secondary Limpopo 18.8 33.3 10 20.7 Manzini Secondary KwaZulu-Natal 22.2 16.7 12.5 17.13 Mokgoma Matlala Secondary Limpopo 12.5 15.8 15.4 14.57

Graphic: JOHN McCANN Compiled by: M&G DATADESK Data sources: DEPT OF BASIC EDUCATION, SECTION 27

my parents that what would work for me is dropping out and going to a skills college.” This led him to train as a plumber at a college in Johannesburg, says Phaladi. “I am even ashamed to tell people I studied in Senwane because it’s been a poorly performing school for years,” he says. The spokesperson for the provincial education department, Sam Makondo, says the school was not viable because it had less than 200 learners and, therefore, could not be allocated teachers. “The MEC indicated when announcing the 2019 NSC [national senior certificate] results that the department is going to ensure that all small and nonviable Failing our learners: Senwane schools are merged to ensure that Secondary (left) has merged learners get quality basic education with Rakudubane High School that they deserve.” (above). Marakalla Lesetja Makondo adds that schools are (above left), a teacher, says responsible for their maintenance as most of the school’s amenities the department provides them with are falling apart. Only three funding. “Our governance unit will classrooms have electricity. be sent to the school to check why Photos: Delwyn Verasamy they are not maintaining the school as expected, because they do get the school yard. There is no staﬀ room, money — like other schools in the only three classrooms have electricity province.” and there aren’t enough textbooks for Although Makondo throws the the learners in some subjects. issues back to the schools, the A teacher at the school, Marakalla most recent National Education Lesetja, says most of the school’s Infrastructure Management System amenities are makeshift and falling report — released by the national apart and the teachers don’t not know education department — shows how they are meant to produce basic that Limpopo, Eastern Cape and pass rates, much less stellar results. KwaZulu-Natal still face the worst Sello Moeta, a teacher who came to infrastructure backlogs. Rakudubane from the now-defunct Equal Education researcher Senwane school says Senwane was Sibabalwe Gcilitshana says poor bound to fail. For three years their school infrastructure is a barrier to school had no principal, and no math- schooling and the lack of basic ser- ematics, physics or English teachers. vices in these schools contravenes the The four teachers had to teach seven South African Schools Act, which con- subjects across grades 8 to 12. Last tains norms and standards for school learners keep failing — Senwane year just three of the 17 learners who infrastructure. The Act stipulates that Secondary. No matric learners passed sat matric passed. all schools should have had access to in 2018. Last year, of the 13 learners Moeta says: “You can just imagine electricity, water and sanitation. But, who wrote matric exams, only two such an environment working with despite the norms and standards ban- passed. When the M&G visits the no leadership; we were bound to ning pit toilets, Gcilitshana says there school it is locked, and there is grass perform poorly since certain subjects are 4 000 schools using these “as their taking over the yard. Some class- don’t have teachers.” only form of sanitation”. rooms are left open, and there are Thabo Phaladi, a former learner at That failure is just one of a whole desks packed untidily on top of each Senwane Senior Secondary, says he host that means that, despite a his- other. dropped out in September 2017 before toric 81.3% matric pass rate, schools The Limpopo education depart- he could ﬁ nish matric. “I had a chal- are not providing learners with the ment has responded to the school’s lenge with understanding what we environment they need to obtain a continued failure by closing and were taught. Especially for subjects good education. merging it with the neighbouring like maths and physical sciences — Rakudubane High School. The two there was no teacher for these two schools are 3km away from each subjects. I panicked because my datadesk other. But Rakudubane is also strug- results were not improving; I kept Datadesk, the M&G centre for data journalism, produced this story gling. There is only one tap in the failing my terms at matric. I informed 12 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 News Court tests protector’s powers

In the Ramaphosa vs Mkhwebane case, the court has been asked to reign in the public protector

NEWS ANALYSIS directed the National Prosecuting Franny Rabkin Authority to investigate further the prima facie case of money he public protector “has laundering. no power to investigate The first way that Ramaphosa’s all and sundry under the team sought to define the outer Seeking clarity: President Cyril Ramaphosa’s counsel, Tembeka Ngcukaitobi and Wim Trengrove SC (below), Tsun”, said counsel for Pres- limits of the public protector’s pow- argued that public protector Busisiwe Mkhwebane (above) was irrational and had strayed way beyond her ident Cyril Ramaphosa in ers was their arguments that her jurisdiction. Photos: Felix Dlangamandla/Gallo Images and Felix Dlangamandla/Netwerk24 the high court this week. powers must be exercised ration- The Nkandla judgment of the ally. Before a full Bench of three Constitutional Court in 2016 gave judges that included Gauteng Judge the public protector a huge boost President Dunstan Mlambo, the in power. Famously depicting the president’s counsel, Wim Trengove public protector as David to the all- SC, and Tembeka Ngcukaitobi made powerful executive’s Goliath, the a number of arguments as to why judgment clarified that the public Mkhwebane’s report was irrational protector’s remedial action is bind- in law. These included an argument ing unless it is set aside by the courts. on procedural rationality: the report At a time when there seemed lit- was fatally flawed because she did tle accountability on the part of the not give Ramaphosa an opportunity government, former public protector to respond to crucial aspects of it. Thuli Madonsela achieved a hero’s The second was that Mkhwebane status — a rose was even named after had strayed into forbidden territory; her. she was not in law entitled to investi- After the Nkandla judgment, the gate donations to an internal politi- courts saw Madonsela flexing and, cal party campaign, because this was for the most part, winning. Although outside of her jurisdiction. As sug- this development was widely cel- gested by Judge Raylene Keightley, ebrated by the public, constitutional- the outer limits of the public protec- ists quietly fretted. Because as wide tor’s jurisdiction is a subject that had and as strong as the public protec- not yet been squarely tested by the tor’s powers are, there are limits. courts. Now, the courts have been asked to Section 182(1) of the Constitution do the work of defining those limits. gives the public protector the power Perhaps it is the result of the to investigate conduct in “the pub- change of role-players — Madonsela lic administration” and “state has been succeeded by Busisiwe affairs” in “all spheres of govern- Mkhwebane and former president ment”. Ngcukaitobi said donations Jacob Zuma by Ramaphosa. But to members of a political party for it could also be a natural progres- their internal campaigns did not fall sion — it is normal that, when a new inside this definition. power is recognised or granted, what “Her powers are defined in the follows is a refinement by the courts. Constitution and further refined the Nkandla judgment and its “sponsorships”, saying these need to pocket was neither here nor there. in the legislation,” he said, going own earlier judgments given while be disclosed. “Becoming state president is a ben- wo legal limitations to the through the Public Protector Act Madonsela was public protector and The president’s counsel said it was efit,” he said. power of the public protec- step by step to argue that this Zuma was president. He said the unnecessary for the court to even Ttor took centre stage in the kind of donation was not a mat- Nkandla judgment was “made for look at these codes, let alone inter- hen there was the argument high court in Pretoria this ter of state, government or public this case” because it was also a case pret them, because the facts of the brought by the amaBhun- week. The president and public pro- administration. between the public protector and the case didn’t implicate the codes or Tgane Centre for Investigative tector were facing off over her bomb- The Executive Ethics Act gave her president. trigger their application. Journalism. Its counsel, shell report, released last year, that further powers — to investigate a He argued that Mkhwebane was They argued that, in terms of the Steven Budlender SC, argued that if looked into donations to the presi- breach of the executive ethics code correct to find that Ramaphosa had disclosure of benefits, the two codes the court decided the executive code dent’s #CR17 campaign to become — but only on receipt of a complaint. breached the executive ethics code amounted to the same because the — as it stands — does not require president of the ANC in December In this case the complaint was about and the code that applies to mem- executive code says that, if you’ve disclosure of internal political party 2017. Watson’s donation only. She was not bers of Parliament by not disclosing disclosed under the MPs code, there campaigns, then it is unconstitu- The complaint that triggered her entitled to go on “a frolic” and investi- the donations. is nothing further that needs to be tional and had to be changed in the investigation was limited to one gate all and sundry, Ngcukaitobi said. Another question, which could done under the executive code. The future. donation — R500 000 from Gavin Mkhwebane asked the court to have implications beyond this par- overriding requirement in the MPs He said the code, as it now stood, Watson, the chief executive of the interpret “state affairs” more broadly ticular dispute, was whether dona- code was to disclose “financial inter- required the disclosure of gifts. But allegedly corrupt company Bosasa. — to include conduct that may occur tions into an internal party cam- ests”, they said. if the court were to say that inter- When the report was released, it in private but that could affect a pub- paign fall within the ambit of these Ngcukaitobi said Ramaphosa nal political party donations were emerged that Mkhwebane had inves- lic role. two codes. The executive code refers received no financial benefits from not covered, the following would tigated the entire campaign and all Her counsel, Muzi Sikhakhane SC, to “material benefits” while the MPs the donations — the money went to be the result: If he were to give two the donations it received. said: “I’m not suggesting she is the code refers to “financial interests”, the campaign and was spent by the good bottles of wine to the deputy Not only did she find that body to investigate everything under “benefits of a material nature” and campaign on the campaign. Not a president, worth more than R350, Ramaphosa had misled Parliament the sun … But in respect of dona- cent went to the president’s pocket, the deputy president would have to when he answered a question about tions to a member of Parliament ... he said. disclose it to Parliament. But if some- Watson’s donation, she also found who wants to become president of All of this had been meticulously one were to donate R5-million to the that he breached the executive the party in order to rise and become If the court decided explained to the public protector, he deputy president’s internal party code of ethics and the code appli- president of the state, are matters of said, yet she chose to ignore it. The political campaign, no disclosure cable to members of Parliament state affairs.” the executive code finding of a breach of the codes was would be required. This could “never by not declaring the donations to The president’s version of what does not require unfounded by the facts, Ngcukaitobi be consistent with our constitutional Parliament. She ordered Parliament constituted state affairs was “nar- disclosure of internal said. scheme”, he said. to demand that Ramaphosa dis- row, self-serving and incorrect. It’s “If it is factually unfounded, it is He said amaBhungane was not close the identity of his donors and not a proper understanding of the political party irrational. And if it is irrational it in court about Ramaphosa “or any the amount of their donations. She state,” he argued. campaigns, then it is cannot stand,” he said. other president”, but were challeng- added that there was “merit” to a Sikhakhane urged the court to Sikhakhane said the fact that ing the constitutionality of the code. suspicion of money-laundering and apply the law consistently with unconstitutional no money went to Ramaphosa’s Judgment was reserved. Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 13 News Ingonyama axes top managers

Five people have been placed on special leave, but It also comes at a time when fi ve hectares of land in KwaZulu-Natal cates have been converted to 40-year senior staff ers, who were suspended on behalf of Zwelithini in terms of residential leases, declared unlaw- no one knows why they are being investigated by Ngwenya in 2016, are still sitting the Ingonyama Trust Act, passed on ful. The applicants, who include the at home on full pay because of the the eve of the fi rst democratic elec- Rural Women’s Movement and the Paddy Harper pending the outcome of an investi- failure of the ITB to conclude its case tions in 1994. Council for the Advancement of the gation, the subject and content of against them. The fi ve — deputy real Its leadership has been under South African Constitution, also he Ingonyama Trust which is not known at this time. estate manager Duncan Pakkies, intense scrutiny from Parliament’s want the ITB to return all revenue Board (ITB), under pres- According to staff at the ITB, the community liaison officer Bheki land reform portfolio committee it has collected from residents since sure from Parliament over fi ve were given letters informing them Zondi, survey officer Nono Msani, over corporate governance, hav- the lease conversions programme Tpoor corporate govern- that they were being placed on special real estate officers Nompumelelo ing received a series of unfavour- started in 2013. ance, has suspended five leave “pending an investigation”. Ndlovu and Lungile Sibiya — were able audit outcomes from the auditor On Wednesday, ANC spokesper- of its top managers — including its “They were not told what they were suspended over issues relating to general. son Pule Mabe said the party had recently-appointed chief executive, being investigated for, just that there leases issued by the ITB. Last year, the land reform com- not backtracked on dealing with Lucas Mkhwanazi. is an investigation. Nobody knows But they claimed at the time that mittee ordered Ngwenya to provide obstacles to security of land ten- On the instruction of the board’s what for or why. Their phones and they were being purged because of a breakdown of how much of the ure posed by the ITB’s continued chairperson, former judge Jerome laptops were taken from them,” said their failure to “co-operate” in the R90-million a year it raised was from existence. Ngwenya, the fi ve were ordered out a staff member who asked not to be issuing of a number of disputed leases and how much was disbursed Mabe said the ITB had not been of the ITB offi ces in Pietermaritzburg named. leases. to communities and traditional discussed at the recent ANC national last Friday and told to hand over cell- An acting chief executive officer, ITB spokesperson Simphiwe authorities on ITB land. executive committee and Cabinet phones and laptops belonging to the Bheki Gabela, has been appointed to Mxakaza undertook to transmit On Monday, Ngwenya addressed lekgotla, because the immediate pri- entity. act in Mkhwanazi’s stead. questions about the latest suspen- a gathering of about 300 amakhosi ority was land expropriation. They are corporate services head The Mail & Guardian was unable sions to Ngwenya for comment. from KwaZulu-Natal, who have been “There is the expropriation Bill Siphiwe Madondo, head of legal ser- to contact Mkhwanazi or any of the Ngwenya had not done so at the time mobilised in support of the ITB since that is going back for public engage- vices Bongani Ngcobo, internal audit other executives placed on special of writing and did not answer calls it came under the scrutiny of presi- ment. Once all of those issues are all head Amin Mia, real estate head leave. But a close associate of one of from M&G on his cellphone. dential and parliamentary panels completed, we would then be coming Phumlane Mkhize and Mkhwanazi. them, who asked not to be named, The ITB controls about 2.8-million in 2017, ahead of a high court chal- back to this. When we are done with The only executive not to be sus- said they believed the suspension was lenge to its lease programme next expropriation, all other subsequent pended is land and tenure man- spurious. “Things are bad at the ITB. month. issues that have to do with land own- agement services head Thembeka There is a lot of pressure because of The amakhosi at the meeting ership will effectively be attended Ndlovu, the sister-in-law of King what has been going on. If this matter The ITB has been undertook to attend the court hear- to,” Mabe said. Goodwill Zwelithini. gets to court it will all come out.” under intense scrutiny ing, to be held in Pietermaritzburg Last week, the M&G reported on Mkhwanazi was appointed in The suspensions follow the resig- on March 25. the apparent move by the govern- late 2018 after the resignation of nations late last year of two members from Parliament’s Two nongovernmental organisa- ment and the ANC to place the ITB the former chief executive, Fikisiwe of the board, deputy chairperson land reform portfolio tions and several residents on ITB on a back burner and avoid a show- Madlopha, in April that year. Jabu Bhengu and Tshitshi Mbatha. committee over land have applied to the court to down with the king and his support- The five executives have been It is not clear whether the two have have the lease programme, under ers ahead of the 2021 local govern- placed on two months special leave, been replaced. corporate governance which permission to occupy certifi - ment elections.

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INTRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE 14 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Africa Covering Malawi’s political crisis

The past eight months were And, it must be noted, the looting and violence was committed by a tiny fraction of the perhaps the most strange and many, many Malawians who braved sun and unsettling in the country’s rain, who sacrifi ced their time to demand that their vote was respected. modern history. Reporting on Village after village, town after town, month it was tough, but I persevered after month, young and old, whether through organised or spontaneous protests; almost as — and so does Malawi one, Malawi raised its voice to demand justice. My troubles were not yet over. A European Golden Matonga Union team arrived in Lilongwe to release its report into the election. The report was have reported on almost every moment controversial, and the government was nerv- of Malawi’s bitter, sometimes violent ous. Waiting at the airport to interview the election dispute — the dispute that was European delegation were three journalists, Isettled, for now at least, by this week’s myself included. But before we could ask our unprecedented Constitutional Court deci- questions, we were arrested by police and sion to annul the result and order a new poll. thrown into a tiny, smelly cell in the basement. Over the past eight months, I have been har- They removed our belts and shoes, and deleted assed and robbed, feared for my life — and even footage from my colleagues’ cameras. ended up in jail. But I have also seen young peo- The police charged the three of us with ple rise up to defend their aspirations in a way “behaving in a disorderly manner contrary that has been both uplifting and illuminating. to the Aviation Act”. Later, when word of My fi rst brush with trouble came even before our arrest got out, we were released and the the results were in. In May 2019, I was in Power to the people: Protesters at a rally in Lilongwe in January gathered to denounce charges were withdrawn. Malambo village, where I was watching opposi- alleged attempts to bribe judges overseeing a legal challenge to the re-election last year For a journalist, most weeks during this tion leader Lazarus Chakwera cast his ballot. I of Malawian President Peter Mutharika. Photo: Amos Gumulira/AFP election fiasco have been memorable, but was at the Kabudula Trading Centre, charging none more so than this one. On Monday I my laptop, when I was suddenly encircled by a name was not on the St Thomas voters’ roll. did the court case, despite political pressure woke up fearing the worst — that the verdict group of angry men. Their mood was threaten- After much consternation, it was discovered to throw it out. But judges had to reckon with the Constitutional Court was about to deliver ing: they wanted to know exactly what I was that Chilima’s name had been transferred to a popular pressure too: a failure to observe due would spark nationwide violence. I made my doing there, and for me to prove my bona fi des. polling centre thousands of kilometres away, process may have incited a revolution. way to the Lilongwe courtroom through a In the context of the history of the area, on an island in Lake Malawi accessible only by On the streets, the crowds kept coming, in ghost city, with shops closed and residents too their suspicion made perfect sense. It has an old ship that docks there once a week. their hundreds and thousands. While cover- scared to go outdoors, and military helicop- been an opposition stronghold for decades, Chilima was allowed to vote by order of the ing one of these protests in Lilongwe, a group ters circling above the city. We had to navigate but the opposition has lost every election electoral commission chairperson, Dr Jane of young protesters attacked me as I was tak- through military and police checkpoints. since Malawi’s return to democracy in 1994. Ansah, a Supreme Court of Appeal justice on ing photographs. They took my phone and my It took 10 hours for the panel of fi ve judges Opposition leaders such as Chakwera keep tell- secondment to the electoral body. Chilima’s wallet. One of them grabbed me by the neck, to read out the judgment. Their fi nal verdict ing people their votes are being stolen, so why name, it was later confi rmed, was transferred as others swarmed around me and threatened was unprecedented: the election was marred wouldn’t they be suspicious of a stranger? to the island by a data clerk who would later to beat me senseless. I was rescued by another by grave irregularities and a new vote must I eventually persuaded them that I was a die in a road accident. He had been charged in brave journalist, who wrestled with my attack- be held. The results don’t count. As Judge real journalist, and voting continued without connection with the incident and he died on ers; and by a contingent from the Malawi President Healey Potani uttered the magic incident. The same could not be said at the St the day of his fi rst court appearance, shortly Defence Force, which had been mobilised to word, “nullifi cation”, the courtroom erupted in Thomas polling station in Lilongwe, where after being granted bail. oversee the protest action. cheers. Chakwera and Chilima hugged. another opposition candidate, Saulos Chilima, The election results gave Mutharika a nar- I was not the only journalist or observer The verdict is a victory for Malawi’s legal was supposed to be voting. row victory over both his main rivals, but it attacked that day. A female colleague was processes, but even more so it is a victory for Chilima’s entry into the presidential race was not long before the opposition began to cry almost stripped naked, her jeans torn apart. the youths, opposition supporters and activists was a shock: the young telecoms executive foul. The most obvious sign that something was Nick Chakwera, son of opposition leader who braved tear gas and police intimidation to had been vice-president to the incumbent wrong was the use of Tippex — the correction Lazarus, almost suffered the same fate after demand their democratic rights. President Peter Mutharika, until the pair fell fl uid — to alter numbers on results sheets. attempting to fi lm the protests on his phone. The battle is not over yet, however. As incum- out. Malawi’s Constitution means that the Mutharika hurriedly inaugurated himself, The anger I witnessed made me realise the bent, Mutharika stays as president (with president does not have the power to dismiss seemingly oblivious to the growing street pro- protesters’ main grievance was not necessar- Chilima as his vice-president, and has said he his vice-president. Cabinet meetings in the last tests. A court challenge launched by the opposi- ily political; that they would probably be here, will appeal the court’s verdict). And a new elec- months of Mutharika’s fi rst term were tense. tion was expected to fi zzle out and be forgotten, and be just as angry, regardless of who had tion does not guarantee Mutharika’s ouster. So here was Chilima on voting day. Smartly as others had been in the past. won. They are victims of an economy that has This is tomorrow’s problem, however. For dressed in a traditional African shirt, about Contrary to all expectations, the protests con- not grown meaningfully in years; of a country now, Malawians can celebrate the fact that to cast his vote at a school polling centre — tinued over the next weeks and months, mak- in which jobs are scarce and low-quality; and they once again have hope for their country’s dreaming his vote would be one of millions ing some areas of the country inaccessible to of a government that has for too long been con- future — and they know they created that hope that would make him president. Except his the police and eff ectively ungovernable. So too cerned more with power than with governance. for themselves.

BROKEN AND UNEQUAL: THE STATE OF EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

Join the Mail & Guardian and Amnesty International South Africa as it launches its report Broken and Unequal: The State of Education in South Africa on Tuesday, 11 February 2020.

If the right to quality basic education is enshrined in the Constitution, why is it not a reality for many learners in South Africa? Is the Government really doing enough?

TIME: 6pm for 6.30pm VENUE: 16th Floor, Metal Box Building, 25 Owl Street, Milpark, Johannesburg

Request to attend by emailing Denise Sewchurn at [email protected] or call 011 250 7341 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 15

THE BIG PICTURE / Mufananidzo mukuru / Aworan ńlá / As-surat al-kabira CONTINENTAL DRIFT

Lesotho’s fi rst lady charged Lesotho’s fi rst lady, Maesaiah Thabane, appeared in a court in Maseru on Wednesday. She has been charged with killing her husband’s former wife, Lipolelo Thabane, in 2017, allegedly over who was entitled to use the title fi rst lady. At the time, the divorce of Prime Minister Thomas Thabane and Lipolelo had yet to be fi nalised. An arrest warrant was issued for Maesaiah last month. The scandal has forced Thabane to announce his resignation, although he has yet to set a date to step down.

Mutharika to appeal ruling Malawian President Peter Mutharika said he will appeal the Constitional Court’s decision to annul his election victory in May last year. The court said the vote was marred by “widespread, system- atic and grave” irregularities, but Mutharika disagrees. “The ruling ... cannot be allowed to stand,” the president said in a statement, adding that it was “a grave miscarriage of justice”. The court ordered that new elections must be held within 150 days of Monday’s judgment.

Nigerian visa on arrival Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari on Wednesday unveiled a new visa policy that should make it Last parade: Former Kenyan president Daniel arap Moi, pictured here alongside Queen Elizabeth II in 1983, died on Tuesday. He was 95. Moi was considerably easier for Africans to Kenya’s longest-serving president, from 1978 to 2002, but also arguably the country’s most controversial, overseeing the country’s transformation enter Nigeria. The major feature of into a one-party state and a crackdown on rights of expression and protest. Photo: David Levenson/Getty Images the new policy is that it will now be possible for citizens of any African country to get a visa on arrival. “The Nigeria Visa Policy 2020 is intended to attract innovation, specialised skills and knowledge from abroad to complement locally available Frelimo’s dodgy business empire ones,’’ Buhari said.

Ramaphosa at the head of AU Dangerously close links between government opportunities, obtain licences, and for “the expansion and reproduction The 33rd African Union summit is wait for foreign partners to invest of power and access to rents”, the taking place in Addis Ababa this officials and the private sector encourage corruption or target public tenders. They are EU’s analysis concluded. week. Heads of state will meet this mostly staff ed by family connections Key players in the tuna bond weekend, where the main order of COMMENT O Insitec and Focus 21, controlled and loyal friends. scandal remain at the helm of the business will be to confi rm South Khadija Sharife & Mark Anderson by former president Armando Mozambique’s Frelimo govern- government. Frelimo has created Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa Guebuza; ment rode to power in 1975 after lib- a system of governance that pro- as chair of the continental body for s Mozambique pre- O Tika, controlled by former presi- erating the country from Portuguese tects the guilty, incurs public debt 2020. “At the top of our agenda as pares for a natural- dent Joaquim Chissano; colonial rule. A civil war between and barters natural reserves for chair must be the deepening of eco- gas boom that could O Whatana Investment Group, Felimo and rebel group Renamo repayment. nomic integration. This is a historic Adouble its gross controlled by the family of former engulfed the country for the follow- The public outrage following the moment that we must seize,” said domestic product, the president Samora Machel; and ing two decades. tuna bond scandal has piled pressure Ramaphosa last week. governing Frelimo party must get OPSI, controlled by the Frelimo In the aftermath of the war, the on the government, presenting an serious about cutting ties between party as a whole. Frelimo government became a donor opportunity for reform. $8-million airport bust senior officials and big business. Another layer of the network con- darling for Western aid agencies As Mozambique’s lucrative natural Customs offi cials in Nigeria seized The country’s recent tuna bond sists of local partners, who land by posting impressive progress in gas industry nears production, which more than $8-million in foreign scandal — which saw former presi- lucrative contracts under a broad reaching development goals. could begin as soon as 2023, bolster- currency from an airport bus on the dent Armando Guebuza and former mandate, according to the EU report. But, like many governments born ing public institutions that will hold tarmac at the Murtala Muhammed fi nance minister Manuel Chang col- These companies out of liberation struggles, Frelimo senior party members to account, is International Airport in Lagos. The lude with senior government offi- identify business has become more concerned about more important than ever. cash was in brown paper bags. The cials, banks and companies to saddle retaining power and control over Mozambique’s Parliament must driver of the bus has been arrested. the country with $2-billion of hidden Mr 10%: state resources than developing the begin investigating and making pub- Police are not yet sure where the loans — shone a light on the party’s Armando country, according to the EU report. lic all contracts involving politically cash came from, or where it was intricate business network. Guebuza Frelimo’s legacy as a liberator of exposed people with ties to the domi- going, but there is no doubt that it But before the scandal was the country from Portuguese rule nant party. These people must be was illegal: the maximum amount exposed, a confidential European was “still fundamental to jus- banned from participating in deals that Nigerian travellers are allowed Union analysis from 2012 about tify its exclusive rule over with foreign companies. to carry with them is $10 000. Mozambique’s government, which Mozambique”, the document The government must also make was distributed to European legisla- said. The party has been “sus- public all contracts involving natural Morocco suppresses criticism tors, raised concerns about the state pended above society” and has resources through every stage of the In the past four months, Morocco of the governing party. failed dismally in its stated pipeline. Most importantly, the gov- has arrested and prosecuted at least The EU report said Mozambicans social and political goals. ernment must also put mechanisms 10 citizens for expressing critical had described Frelimo as “danger- The analysis, which in place to ensure any debt incurred opinions on social media, according ous” and as “an armed party” that was circulated after is for the benefi t of citizens, rather to Human Rights Watch (HRW). was “gatekeeping” access to hous- Mozambique announced than private interests. Charges brought include a “lack of ing, jobs and credit. The bloc’s the discovery of an enor- Otherwise Mozambique’s wealth due respect for the king”, “defaming report detailed a business network mous field of natural gas will belong to the party, not the state institutions” and “off ending that it said allowed the party to — estimated to be worth tril- people. public offi cials”. The HRW said: “An secretly manage the vast wealth at lions of dollars — showed the increasing number of Moroccans its disposal. EU was worried that Frelimo Khadija Sharife and Mark Anderson are taking to social media to express Holding companies connected to had little interest in using natu- are Africa editors at the Organised bold political opinions, including current or former offi cials serve as ral gas reserves to spur economic Crime and Corruption Reporting about the king, as is their right. As “entry points for large-scale foreign development. Project. The views of the authors do self-censorship erodes, the authori- direct investment,” the EU report Instead, the party was mostly not necessarily represent those of ties have stepped in to frantically try said. These companies include: interested in dominating the state the organisation to reinstate the red lines.” 16 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Africa AU commissioner’s job on the line

Smaïl Chergui may in other parts of Somalia and in neighbouring Kenya. hold a powerful Amisom itself has been plagued position, but he is a by reports of sexual abuses, corruption and mismanagement. Once controversial figure again, these alleged offences have occurred on Chergui’s watch, and the NEWS ANALYSIS peace and security commissioner has Simon Allison appeared to be unwilling or unable to do anything about it. ate last week, a screen grab Behind the scenes, Western diplo- went viral in the corridors mats say that they are losing faith in of the African Union head- Amisom’s ability to execute its man- Lquarters in Addis Ababa, date. Last year, the United Nations and in the WhatsApp chats security council, which provides of AU staff members on the conti- the bulk of the funding for Amisom, nent. resolved to cut 1 000 troops from the It showed an extract from an arti- mission. This takes effect later this cle published in the Indian Ocean month, according to France24, and Newsletter, which covers politics and will leave the mission with a contin- business in the region and is read gent of 19 626 troops. widely in diplomatic circles. The This leaves the AU’s flagship peace- headline read: “Crisis meeting to dis- keeping operation significantly cuss Smaïl Chergui”, and the article weaker, and this can only weaken detailed how the future of the AU’s the position of the AU’s head of peace and security commissioner peace and security. would be up for debate at the 33rd The M&G contacted Chergui for AU Summit taking place this week. comment. He declined a telephone Specifically, the article said African interview, but he did say in a text leaders are unhappy with Chergui’s Troubling: The African Union Mission in Somalia (below) falls under Smaïl Chergui (above centre), the AU message that the report in the Indian handling of funds for the African commissioner for peace and security. Photos: Luiz Rampelotto/EuropaNewswire & Tina Smole/AFP Ocean Newsletter is “fake news”. Union Mission in Somalia (Amisom), He pointed out that he had recently and are worried that this might Another factor that will count been awarded the Rwenzori Star affect relations with the European against Chergui this week is Medal, a Ugandan military order, by Union, the AU’s biggest funder. his nationality. His predeces- President Yoweri Museveni. Several sources in the AU sent the sor, Ramtane Lamamra, was also Chergui blamed France for the screen grab to the Mail & Guardian. Algerian, which means the AU’s most drawdown of troops in Amisom “This is the talk of the town,” said important portfolio has been run (even though it was the United one. “Maybe his time has come,” said by an Algerian for the past 12 years. Kingdom that proposed the motion another. Some countries believe it is time at the security council). “The French for a change. This sentiment has are behind the drawdown ... at a Controversial diplomat grown stronger ever since Morocco time [when] Somali forces are not A career diplomat in Algeria, Chergui — Algeria’s arch-rival — rejoined the yet ready to take over,” he said. has headed up the AU’s peace and continental bloc. “Unfortunately we are going to quit security department since 2013. positions that we gained with heavy With the possible exception of the Failure in Somalia sacrifices, they might be taken imme- chairperson, this is the most influen- Perhaps the most significant argu- diately by terrorists.” tial position in the AU Commission, ment against Chergui is that he The French ambassador to South making Chergui one of Africa’s most has been ineffective in his posi- Africa, Aurélien Lechevallier, denied powerful diplomats. tion. Conflict and insecurity on the that France was responsible for the His department is responsible for African continent has increased on drawdown, and said France had all African peacekeeping initiatives, his watch. The AU’s slogan for 2020 always had a professional working including military interventions is “Silencing the Guns in Africa” but, relationship with Chergui, despite such as Amisom. As a result, much of Commission. The report was com- is Chergui, although the exact nature as many commentators have noted, the odd tough conversation. the AU’s budget flows through him. piled by a three-person panel led by of the allegations against him are those guns are only getting louder. Even if Chergui does survive this But Chergui has never been far Bineta Diop, the AU’s special envoy not known; and that 30% of the spe- From the Sahel to Somalia, the num- AU summit — the AU is notori- from controversy. Any heads of on women, peace and security. Its cific offences detailed in the report bers show that incidents of armed ously slow to take action against one state that might be agitating for his findings were that sexual harass- happened in the peace and security conflict are on the rise. of its own — his mandate expires removal — and he has made many ment is “pervasive” in the institu- department, under his watch. Somalia is a particular problem. next year, along with that of AU enemies — will have lots of ammunition and corruption is “systemic, The full report has never been Through Amisom, the AU has taken Commission chairperson Moussa tion at their disposal. entrenched and widespread”. made public. At the time, Chergui the lead in peacekeeping opera- Faki Mahamat. This may be the per- The most serious charge against The report named 40 people who told the M&G that he had not read tions there since 2007 — and it is fect opportunity for African leaders him is in a report released in late are implicated in these offences. The the report, but that he believed the not going well. Al-Shabaab remains to revitalise the peace and security 2018 about sexual harassment, fraud, Mail & Guardian was able to confirm allegations against him relate only to entrenched in its strongholds, with department with strong, effective nepotism and corruption in the AU last year that one of those individuals contract and salary disputes. the capacity to launch deadly attacks leadership.

INVITATION

Join the Mail & Guardian in association with Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung as we discuss President Cyril Ramaphosa’s 2020 State of the Nation Address. With a stagnant economy further crippled by badly run state owned enterprises, the president will use the address as an agenda for positive change.

Senior Mail & Guardian reporter, Lester Kiewit, will be joined by a panel of experts who will unpack the president’s address, and the year ahead for South Africans.

DATE: Friday 14 February 2020

In association with TIME: 08h30 – 10h30

VENUE: Webber Wentzel, 15 Floor, Convention Tower, Heerengracht, Foreshore, Cape Town

If you would like to attend, please email [email protected] or call her on 011 250 7399 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 17 Comment& Analysis The Makhanda disaster cannot be ignored

The municipality turned a deaf ear to residents’ cries — until they united and took it to court

vals and eisteddfods to the famous National Arts Festival, Makhanda Eusebius McKaiser cannot be left out of any serious documentary of South African cultural lore. akhanda is a As if these accolades aren’t shadow of its for- enough, the city has also been a mer self. Gaping critical site of progressive jurispru- Mpotholes yawn men- dence, courtesy of a high court that acingly at pedestri- often delivers judgments that have ans and motorists. You’re lucky if gone on to entrench our normative water comes out of a tap. You’re even constitutional values. It is therefore luckier if the water that does come unforgiving that the Makana council out of the tap is safe to drink. Refuse is so shamelessly useless, ignoring its removal isn’t guaranteed, and land- constitutional duties and risking all fills are a health and environmental that is beautiful, brilliant and impor- hazard. Raw sewage is running into tant about Makhanda. the streets. But perhaps, tragically, the most The timely maintenance of critical urgent truth about what is happen- infrastructure, as well as new-build ing in Makhanda is that we are see- programmes, do not happen. The ing the connections between politi- levels of unemployment are higher cal sins at the local government level than that of most other cities (it’s and the biggest faultlines in our Graphic: JOHN McCANN more than 40%). The city is cash democracy. Makhanda isn’t only a strapped. case study of what bad local govern- The parlous state of local governance looks like, it is also a metaphor ment exacerbates the hardships of of what disregard for constitutional- to be subject to political judgments. Second, the outcome of the court and remedies any legal wayward- its residents. ism looks like. It is preferable, if a council should be case is unprecedented, but that fact ness with a court order that aims to All of this is a pitiful shame. Despite the historical prominence dissolved, that that decision should alone doesn’t mean it is a case of restore compliance with the laws Makhanda (previously called of Makhanda, neither the provincial emanate from the provincial gov- judicial overreach. The court was being trampled on. Grahamstown), is an important government nor the national govern- ernment. So it is unsurprising that nuanced in laying out which sources Third, the crisis in Makhanda is Eastern Cape city. For tens of thou- ment appear embarrassed by what is Bhisho, the capital of the Eastern of law it was applying the facts to. also a lesson in cross-class solidarity sands of South Africans, and stu- (not) happening. That’s reminiscent Cape, is claiming that the high court The Constitution, for example, that should be restated. Makhanda dents from around the world, the of how indifferent our government in Makhanda has overreached in the makes clear what the obligations is a divided city in many ways. It city’s schools and Rhodes University has become to the cries of citizens exercise of its judicial powers. An of local government are. Section shouldn’t be romanticised. Even trigger beautiful memories of a place everywhere. appeal will settle the legal dispute. 139 outlines when a local council when the council did function, that gave them a world-class educa- Makhanda echoes QwaQwa. That will be useful. can be placed under administra- Grahamstown was a deeply unequal tion, and memories they carry deep Makhanda echoes Queenstown That said, the appeal is also disin- tion. The same is true of the statu- city in which the quality of your life, into the next phase of their lives. (now Komani). Makhanda echoes genuous for two sets of reasons. tory requirements for finances to and your chances of flourishing, This little outpost, with its com- Diepsloot. Makhanda echoes vil- First, the court was thorough in be managed lawfully, as outlined in depended on the arbitrary fact of plex colonial and anti-colonial his- lages, dorps, towns and cities across examining the facts. There is a five- the Municipal Finance Management where you are born. tories, has played its role in develop- Mzansi. year timeline that shows how, time Act. If you’re from Joza township, ing the consciousness of countless On January 14, the high court and again, the Makana council has The provincial government will you would be lucky to end up with citizens who went on to slot into ordered that the Makana local failed to comply with a range of laws have its legal work cut out for it opportunities to flourish, and to the struggle for a just South Africa. municipality be dissolved, because it related to local government. because it will have to show that the reach your potential in life. If you’re Many a book has been written about is failing to provide basic services to The Unemployed People’s courts do not have the authority to born into a family from one of the young white English liberals grap- citizens. Instead of being ashamed, Movement is the civil society organi- enforce legal duties of councils in pristine suburbs, across the buffers pling with their moral duties in a the provincial government is appeal- sation that took the matter to court. respect of their residents. and bridge that divide the poor and time of apartheid racism on Rhodes ing that judgment. The case was so well prepared that middle-class, you’re more likely to campus. Many more books have yet On one level, the appeal is to be the other side couldn’t, and didn’t, hat is where the linkages end up with a world-class education to be written about the bravery of welcomed: the decision of a higher contest some crucial evidence about between law and politics and prospects of reaching your life’s black children in the townships in court will allow us to have legal clar- the state of the municipality, includ- Tcome into play. While the potential. the 1980s resisting and opposing ity and certainty about when and ing the debt that had spiralled out main mechanism for hold- (That is why, even as a proud the racist apartheid state and the under what circumstances a court of control. But for residents’ inter- ing useless local councils — as well alumnus of Rhodes University, I do local police in particular. As a city can order a provincial government vention, even the lights would have as useless provincial and national not share many of the political con- along the N2, Grahamstown was to dissolve a local municipality. It been switched off by Eskom a few governments — is a political mecha- victions of some of my former col- also perfectly placed as a hiding is obviously not desirable for courts years ago. By 2014, Makhanda owed nism (voting them out), it is also true leagues and teachers, and even some place for comrades en route to other to routinely make such judgments, Eskom more than R57-million. that we are allowed simultaneously friends. I know the journey I had to destinations. because we want the political arena An appeal from Bhisho will be dif- to enforce the legal duties of gov- travel, literally and figuratively, from Even the design of this fascinat- ficult to sustain in the face of estab- ernment through the courts. That the other side of the Grahamstown ing city carries important histori- lished facts. is the very meaning and purpose tracks to get to Rhodes University.) cal pain. There are hills everywhere For example, an administrator of the principle of constitutional Nevertheless, it is fantastic to see and from atop most of the hills, you The crisis in appointed by Bhisho in 2014, Pam supremacy. how differences have been set aside can see what apartheid geography Makhanda is Yako, made no difference to the pro- So while many a lawyer will fancy by the residents of Makhanda — in looked like, because the design is ject of repairing local government. their chances of a successful appeal, both the townships and in the sub- that visible and that crude, cour- also a lesson The municipality also lost a case in it is a tall order. The doctrine of sepa- urbs — to fight a useless council. tesy of the racist urban planners of in cross-class 2015 when residents took it to court ration of powers isn’t undermined History demands of South Africans Grahamstown. solidarity that to manage an unmanaged landfill when a court tests whether a local to learn to co-operate strategically, Culturally, it also punches way site. It didn’t bother to comply with municipality is complying with the across our differences, to hold the above its weight: from science festi- should be restated the judgment. laws that govern local government, powerful to account. 18 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Comment & Analysis SA and the death of Promises are on Dag Hammarskjöld tap, but not water The democractic government has not helped with the outh Africans are intimately familiar with corruption and poor governance. They see it when they walk down our potholed investigation into the streets or when they’re left fumbling for their cellphones to UN leader’s death light the way through another bout of all too familiar load-shed- Sding. It is worrying that these failures have become so common- place, so ingrained in our daily reality that they are increasingly JUSTICE being regarded as “normal”. Richard Goldstone This week the Mail & Guardian visited several parts of the country where & Henning Melber governance has entirely failed. In the Free State, QwaQwa residents have been without regular access to clean drinking and potable water since 2016. ag Hammarskjöld, When they’ve successfully drawn attention to their plight, national minis- the second secretary ters have promised much but delivered little. In Sekhukhune in Limpopo, general of the United an NGO has taken the municipality to court to try and compel it to comply DNations, died in a plane with an earlier court order: to do its job and ensure a basic human right — crash shortly after mid- access to water. night on September 18 1961. The In both these cases the failure of the local government to supply water aircraft was approaching Ndola, a stems from some corrupt activity with some garden-variety mismanage- mining town in then Northern Rho- Whodunnit: United Nations secretary general Dag Hammarskjöld met ment thrown in. In Sekhukhune the municipal manager is implicated in desia (now Zambia). Hammarskjöld his death while on a peace mission involving the Congo. Photo: AFP a dodgy R67-million scandal. She’s been suspended on full pay with the had arranged a meeting with Moïse municipality now edging towards a settlement. Tshombe, leader of the secessionist tion shifts the burden of proof to the not submitted a report. This failure In QwaQwa, the local government has been mired in scandal. When ANC Katanga province, to find a solu- member states to “have conducted a to respond is disturbing. The Truth councillor Vusumuzi Tshabalala became mayor, corruption is alleged to tion to the conflict in the Congo. His full review of records and archives in and Reconciliation Commission have become rampant. Then, in June 2018, in the face of mounting pro- efforts were viewed with suspicion their custody or possession, including referred in 1998 to the obscure tests, a motion of no confidence was tabled before the council to remove by Western governments and the those that remain classified”. South African Institute for Maritime him. Tshabalala was set for a forced exit. But minutes before the vote, he white settler-minority regimes in Secretary general António Guterres Research (SAIMR) having been pos- resigned. Southern Africa considered him to recommended, “that relevant mem- sibly involved in unlawful operations His future job prospects were already secured — he was redeployed as be their enemy. ber states appoint an independent at the time of the plane crash. It was ANC chief whip in the provincial legislature. The findings of a UN commission and high-ranking official to conduct linked to the death of Hammarskjöld But it doesn’t end there. of inquiry into the circumstances of a dedicated and internal review of through Operation Celeste. Williams This is the same municipality — Maluti-a-Phofung — that employed more the crash were inconclusive. But its their archives, in particular their and the Hammarskjöld Commission than 200 people days ahead of the ANC’s Nasrec conference, even as it was report dismissed the findings of a intelligence, security and defence were eager to get more information placed under administration. We reported in 2018 that a worker at the Rhodesian inquiry to the affect that archives, to determine whether they about SAIMR, but to no avail. In municipality, who asked not to be named for fear of being victimised, said: it was “pilots’ error”. hold relevant information”. 2015, the UN panel of experts also “The job was part of a deal that I would go to the conference and vote for NDZ General assembly resolution 1759 Othman presented his second sought such information but without [Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma]. We were paid before we even started working.” (XVII) of October 26 1962 requested report in September 2019. It con- success. And herein lies the rub. the secretary general “to inform the cluded “that there were many more In 2019, SAIMR resurfaced Two years ago, much of the country was enthused by President Cyril general assembly of any new evi- foreign mercenaries in and around in a documentary, Cold Case Ramaphosa’s “Thuma Mina” promise. Many were ready to do what was dence which may come to his atten- Katanga, including pilots, than had Hammarskjöld. It presented no hard necessary to help steer the country out of the morass that had accelerated tion”. It took more than 50 years for been considered by earlier inquir- evidence with regard to what hap- during the Jacob Zuma presidency. new evidence to emerge. ies”. They had suitable planes and pened at Ndola. But it highlighted a There were repeated promises that government employees who were airfields to enable them to intercept suspected different role of SAIMR in guilty of wrongdoing would be brought to book. There was the expectation New investigations the aircraft approaching Ndola air- activities aiming at regional destabi- that repeated campaigns of misgovernance would not be tolerated. In 2011, the book Who Killed port. “It remains plausible that an lisation in later years. A year ago the president held out even more hope by proposing the con- Hammarskjöld? by the Zambian- external attack or threat was a cause In his latest report, Othman struction of new cities — a real life Wakanda. Not as many people were born scholar Susan Williams of the of the crash”. devotes three pages to SAIMR. He enthused. London University’s Institute for acknowledges that there is cur- And on the evidence collected thus far, these promises are much the same Commonwealth Studies, marked a South Africa’s passivity rently no hard evidence confirming as those made to the people of QwaQwa. It is the promise of hope, of a bet- turning point. It presented a wide Othman based his conclusions partly Operation Celeste, but the documen- ter tomorrow just waiting over the next horizon. But it all comes to naught. range of disturbing evidence. on reports of the “independent high- tary underscores the need “to verify This is the state of South Africa today — our country and her people Under the leadership of Lord ranking officials” that several mem- or dispel the hypothesis relating to deserve better than this. Promises are not enough. Lea of Crondall, a British trade ber states had appointed pursuant Operation Celeste”. This requires unionist and Labour politician, to his request. But states expected to the co-operation of South Africa “to a few individuals established the have information (the United States, obtain the original documents so Hammarskjöld Inquiry Trust. It ini- the UK and South Africa) made no that they may be analysed forensi- tiated a Hammarskjöld Commission, efforts to comply with that request. cally” and further classified intelli- Democrats must unite tasked with a new inquiry. This was Othman recommended that key gence information archived in South conducted pro bono by four jurists member states again be urged to Africa might well exist. from The Netherlands, South Africa, appoint independent high-ranking Hammarskjöld played a substan- The most basic principle of any election is an accurate vote count. Sweden and the United Kingdom. officials to determine whether rel- tial role in the decolonisation of Unfortunately, this is something that the Democratic Party in the United The commission’s report revealed evant information exists in their Africa and in the search for a solu- States has failed to get right. As of our publication deadline, the results from circumstances that called for further security, intelligence and defence tion in the Congo. His concerns the Iowa caucus — the very first leg in the lengthy journey to select a presiden- research and inquiry. It was sub- archives and that key documents be about the inhumanity of apartheid tial candidate — have yet to be released, allegedly due to a faulty app. mitted to UN secretary general Ban made public. were well known. He was hardly Even assuming the absence of any malign influences, this is not a good look Ki-moon in 2013. In consequence of In December a Swedish draft reso- liked by the white minority regimes for the party as it heads into a gruelling 10 months before Americans vote for initiatives by the Swedish Permanent lution was adopted with a record in Southern Africa. their president in November. It could, in fact, be catastrophic, giving support- Mission at the UN, the general number of 128 co-sponsoring coun- It is difficult to imagine that the ers of President Donald Trump all the ammunition they need to dismiss the assembly decided on new inquiries tries (including South Africa but not apartheid state of the time did not challengers: after all, if they cannot organise an election, what hope do they to be made by a panel of experts. the UK and US), further extending follow the events in the Congo. have of effectively running a country? Following the panel’s report, Othman’s mandate. The website of Agencies such as SAIMR or indi- An even more serious own goal is the increasingly bitter tone of the fight in 2017, the former chief justice the Hammarskjöld Inquiry of the vidual mercenaries might have been between the rival candidates for the Democratic nomination. The opposition of Tanzania, Mohamed Chande Westminster Branch of the UK’s directly involved in some operations. risks destroying themselves before they even begin to challenge the govern- Othman, was tasked with further UN Association notes that “observ- It is also difficult to understand why ing party. investigations. His first report con- ers view this decision and a record the government of a democratic This could be a fatal mistake. The Mail & Guardian’s experience of covering cluded that an aerial attack on the number of co-sponsoring member South Africa fails to provide the sup- elections across the African continent has taught us that the only way to suc- plane “would have been possible states to be a clear indication to port requested of it by Othman. One cessfully challenge an authoritarian-leaning regime — and make no mistake, using resources existing in the area those few states which have failed to would expect that it would be eager that is what the Democratic Party is now dealing with — is for the opposition at the time” and “that there is likely co-operate”. to co-operate in uncovering informa- to unite. Perhaps the best example of this comes from Nigeria, where presi- to be much relevant material that The South African government did tion relating to the untimely death dent Goodluck Jonathan was unseated in 2015 after opposition parties put remains undisclosed”. not respond to Othman’s request for of a man so many people regard as aside their differences to unite behind President Muhammadu Buhari, who is He identified “the continued non- assistance in 2017. being the greatest secretary general now on to his second term. disclosure of potentially relevant new In May 2019, after yet more in the history of the UN. Trump has made insularity and isolationism a core plank of his foreign information in the intelligence, secu- requests, Mxolisi Nkosi, deputy direc- policy. The best chance the Democrats have to beat him is to take the oppo- rity and defence archives of UN mem- tor general for global governance and Richard Goldstone was a member of site approach — and learn from the rest of the world. ber states” as “the biggest barrier to constitutional agenda at the depart- the Hammarskjöld Commission and understanding the full truth”. He ment of international relations and Henning Melber is a member of the M&G Media Ltd suggested that a continued investiga- co-operation, was appointed. He has Hammarskjöld Inquiry Trust Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 19 Comment & Analysis VERBATIM

“[Julius] Malema had prom- Oised to occupy Eskom to address load-shedding. A quix- otic answer to a problem created deliberately by white monopoly capital. Occupation of Eskom would precipitate its crisis to justify privatisation. Here we are just reminding everyone that Malema doesn’t mean what he says. This endangers the future.” — Black First Land First deputy president Zanele Lwana, taking a swipe at the Economic Freedom Fighters leader for being “consistency in [his] incon- sistency”.

“By this time next year we Ohope we can say we have a site for energy generation outside of Eskom. We want people to sell energy through transmission. We want to take the pressure off of Eskom.” — Minister of Min- eral Resources and Energy Gwede Mantashe, speaking on the sidelines of the Investing in African Mining Indaba in Cape Town.

“The biggest threat to action Ois the fact that those who are trying as hard as possible to speak up are not being given the amplifi cation, they’re not able to tell their stories. If we continue the silencing of planet activists from diff erent parts of Africa, it will be so hard for them to get their message across to our government leaders.” — Vanessa Nakate, of the Fridays For Future, Uganda, speaking at a news conference held in Sweden last week after the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos.

Nxamalala contracts the Shaiks “First question: Are you ex- Opecting any players until the end of the [transfer] market? First momentum, the whole father of answer: No. Let’s move, second Paddy Harper the NHI as it were, promptly fucks question: Are you happy with your off to Cuba for medical treatment market? Yes I am. Third question: the minute he gets a headache or a Don’t you want a striker?” — Tot- runny tummy. tenham Hotspur manager José There is no name Not exactly a vote of confidence Mourinho interviews himself in his in Mkhize, or our health services, or pre-match press conference for the yet for Jacob Zuma’s the ANC, or the government of the game against Manchester City on medical condition, but republic for that matter, on the part transfer deadline day. of Nxamalala. he obviously doubts the Perhaps the former head of state NHI can cure it knows something the rest of us don’t about the ability — or lack thereof — of our health services to treat him, YEARS hursday. hence his decision to seek treatment AGO It’s still a good hour till in Cuba. sunrise, but I’m already Perhaps. Twide awake and melting, I wonder when the bookies are The 1995 Labour Relations Bill desperately trying to catch going to start taking bets on Zuma promises a third revolution in up on the drama sparked by former coming back for his May 6 court South African labour law. The president Jacob Zuma’s failure to appearance, and what odds they are first was in 1924, which saw appear in the Pietermaritzburg high Laughing fit: There is a warrant of arrest out for Jacob Zuma (centre) off ering? the first comprehensive labour court on Tuesday. should he not be able to provide a concrete medical certificate to justify Perhaps they’ll only start giving statute in the wake of the Rand I’ve been on the back foot since his absence from court on Tuesday. Photo: Michele Spatari/POOL/AFP odds when all the legal toing and Revolt; 1979 brought the dera- the court took exception to the sick froing is over and the trial proper cialisation of labour law. certifi cate describing Zuma’s medi- and of being part of a plot against Fox News — is clear: stop taking the gets going. The bold draft Bill promotes cal condition as a “medical condi- Nxamalala. During the failed appli- piss, Baba. May 6 will just be another hold- conciliation and mediation in tion” and issued a warrant for his cation for a permanent stay of pros- The old man can, obviously, go ing date, given Zuma’s intention to industrial relations rather than arrest, which it has stayed until he ecution last year, they were particu- for medical treatment anywhere he go to the Supreme Court of Appeal adversarial relations, worker next appears in court, pending a larly vicious, painting the National wants, even if he is out on bail, be to challenge the ruling by the high participation and a controversial proper explanation from his legal Prosecuting Authority (NPA) as a it Havana, Moscow, Dubai. I would court that he can’t have a permanent model of corporatism. It is the team. willing participant in a political ven- have thought, however, that as a stay of prosecution. If that appeal fruit of compromise between big Like everybody else, I had detta against uBaba. tired and tested what what — sorry fails, he will undoubtedly appeal business and big unions. expected the court to be brought So, should it be so surprising then that should have read, tried and the failure of the appeal, so expect The big winners will be well- up to speed on the former head that Billy Downer and his team tested what what — of the former another 18 months or so before the organised unions and employ- of state’s latest series of appeals chose to return the compliment in liberation movement, and as a for- appealing of appeals is over and the ers who are prepared to shake and adjourn to another holding court on Tuesday, essentially accus- mer head of state, Zuma would have matter actually goes to trial. off their bad old fighting ways. date while the challenges to the ing Zuma’s lawyer, Daniel Mantsha, stuck around and gone for treat- If our man does a runner, it will They are given a chance to enter ruling that Zuma can’t have a per- of coming to court with a forged ment at home. Shown some faith in be then, just after an actual trial into a new era on constructive, manent stay of prosecution play sick note and putting him — and his the legacy he has left us, and all that. date is set, not now, with Dubai a far participative relations. The losers themselves out. And like the rest credibility — on the spot? Health Minister Zweli Mkhize more likely hideout than Havana. are likely to be isolated employ- of the country, I was shocked and Perhaps not. can’t be too pleased either. For now, there’s still plenty of time ees, managers, workers in small surprised, to borrow a phrase from It appears that Judge Dhaya Pillay Think about it. left to run the clock down before the enterprises, small unions, unions the current head of state, Cyril has also had enough of team Zuma Poor Khabazela is busy running inevitable happens. trying to make headway against Ramaphosa, by the actions of the diving in the box, given that she around the country preaching Perhaps Zuma will be well enough powerful, recalcitrant employers court. granted Downer’s request for the National Health Insurance (NHI), to appear in court on May 6. and the labour judiciary. Perhaps I shouldn’t have been. arrest warrant to be issued, and trying to convince the general pop- Perhaps the old man will send Anti-union businesses with Zuma’s legal team have, since the fi nally whipped out the yellow card. ulace that state health care is up Mantsha back to court with another poorly organised workforces will corruption case against him was reo- Pillay’s message to Zuma, chan- to scratch and will improve under sick note, this time in Spanish, caus- also gain; the Bill will assist them pened, spent a fair amount of their nelling his inner Fidel Castro — the NHI. Instead of endorsing this, ing another three-month delay in engineering a union-free envi- time playing hard ball against the all Adidas track top and military Zuma, Khabazela’s former lahnee, while the department of justice ronment. — The Weekly Mail & prosecution team, accusing them fatigues while watching, with glee, under whose leadership the whole fi nds a translator. Guardian, February 3 to 9 1995 of prosecutorial malfeasance; bias Donald Trump beating the rap on NHI thing started to really gain Perhaps. 20 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Comment & Analysis Even religious freedom has its limits

When a business decides who can or cannot buy their services or products, is this discrimination?

formist thought constantly beaten RELIGION down, many South Africans have Andile Zulu come to cherish the liberty to rule re all beliefs equal? over our own thoughts and to boldly Does every opinion proclaim our values. deserve the respect Democracy in this country has Aof citizens and the been marked by the attempt to protection of the accommodate a diversity of belief, state? Should the right to freedom of often while trying to avoid tricky and belief, religion and opinion be abso- uncomfortable discussions. An unin- lute? tended consequence of this process These questions pervaded my has been the cultivation of a culture thoughts when reading about how of artificial tolerance. Too many of us Megan Watling and Sasha-Lee have deluded ourselves into forget- Heekes were recently denied the ting that some opinions and beliefs use of the Beloftebos wedding venue are bad. because their marriage violated the The notion that marriage is to be owner’s Christian beliefs. For them, enjoyed and endured only by hetero- Degrees of marriage is an institution designed sexuals is one of the many bad opin- discrimination: by God and solely reserved for the ions that can be privately embraced Megan Watling union of a man and woman. but not adversely affect how other and Sasha-Lee The couple, angry and wounded, citizens live their lives. It would be Heekes (above) wrote of their feelings on social unconstitutional and unfair for the could not media. Soon fervent debate was state to compel a priest or imam to celebrate their ignited and a petition was drafted officiate a same-sex marriage if it marriage in a rallying citizens to demand the inter- stands against their values or contra- venue of their vention of the South African Human dicts their beliefs. choice. Rights Commission. Accused of But Beloftebos is not a church or Rohingya Muslims and chastised for discrimination, mosque or temple. It is a business in a refugee camp Beloftebos released a media state- that sells a service to the public. in Bangladesh ment on their website to clarify their It was saddening to see some peo- (left) have faced position. Their defence appealed ple who explicitly did not identify as persecution to the constitutional right to reli- Christian defend Beloftebos’s deci- and pogroms gious freedom and the expression sion, as though homophobia is a in Myanmar, or enacting of that liberty through morally sound and rational belief to where the denying wedding services to lesbian, hold. majority religion gay, transgender, queer and intersex And I imagine some may find the is Theravada (LGBTQI+) clients. use of the term homophobia unfair Buddhism. Photo: I was intrigued but not surprised and inaccurate. A person who loudly Ye Aung Thu/AFP by the appropriation of liberal val- rejects LGBTQI+ people and is will- ues for a conservative business deci- ing to harass, bully or use violence sion. Remarkably, on Twitter and against them is homophobic. But firing queer staff or expelling queer dictatorship. Christians are not polit- LGBTQI+ people across age, race Facebook, there was support for so too is a person who quietly dis- students? ically disempowered, nor the vic- and class, who often suffer from Beloftebos’s actions and reasons, criminates against queer people. The It’s tempting to think our beliefs tims of state violence. Numerically, depression, anxiety or post-trau- that reaffirmed their liberal justi- actions of Beloftebos, and any insti- have little or no effect on the expe- Christians are a religious majority. matic stress. fication. Many of these supporters tution that discriminates on the basis riences of others. This allows us to Gospel artists sometimes outsell Precisely because queer equality seemed to be frustrated and con- of sexuality, also have a home on the elude responsibility for what we say their secular counterparts. Sermons has yet to be made tangible, because fused by the calls for a boycott of spectrum of prejudice. and how we act based on what we crowd public television screens our freedom is held hostage by vari- the business because of the injustice believe. Ideas, be they religious, polit- on Sundays and churches pervade ous forms of bigotry and because against Watling and Heekes. f a business refuses service to an ical or cultural, do not float above urban and rural spaces across the government deals with LGBTQI+ “You can’t force people to accept individual or group based not us sealed off and intangible. Rather country. Certain brands of pastors issues often only in progressive rheto- your lifestyle,” said one person while Ion what an individual or group they are in our worlds, pumped with have become a new kind of celebrity. ric followed by little or no meaning- another said, “Everyone has an equal has done, but rather on what a power by those who wield them. The ful action, the choice to discriminate right to an opinion.” A third person person or group is, reflects a deep actions of businesses, while under- hat South Africa is on the basis of sexual orientation said, “This is an attack on freedom disapproval of a person or group’s taken as private institutions, still not is a paradise for matters. of religion” and a fourth said “Stop identity. In this particular situa- affect those who choose to buy their WLGBTQI+ people. A No human rights are absolute. moaning and find another wedding tion, not believing LGBTQI+ people products. So business practices mat- wide, dark and chas- Reasonable limits are placed on venue.” should participate in a practice as old ter — as does the reaction of the law mic space exists between progressive rights and freedoms in democra- I pondered these perspectives, as humanity itself, in which people to their practices. legislation and the often unchal- cies around the world. I predict the asking myself: even if I disagree have found profound meaning and Watling and Heekes have lodged lenged hostility towards anyone who Human Rights Commission will act with a belief held in reverence by an immeasurable joy, shouts to all of a complaint with the Human Rights isn’t straight. On the whole, unless in favour of Watling and Heekes, individual or institution, what justi- society that such a group is somehow Commission. A considerable num- one is protected by wealth or lucky primarily because the right to free- fies my own or the state’s demand undeserving, ill-suited and unwor- ber of citizens, Christian and secular to be supported by loving friends and dom of religion exists insofar as that they compromise their faith? thy of the practice. Surely, such alike, have viewed this kind of legal family, those who don’t live by the it does not impede the liberty of I don’t want to make an argument hostility must be aptly described as action as unfair persecution of a reli- rules of sexual and gender conform- others. solely based on the authority of our homophobia? gious group. The state must not be ity are treated with disrespect similar Constitutional debates aside, we Constitution. Rather, I ask that we Moreover, if one holds the view callous with the rights of an individ- to the degradation people of colour need to have conversations on what closely and honestly examine how that religious freedom justifies such ual or group. experienced under the heels of white beliefs should be respected and belief functions in society. discrimination, the question of how History is humiliated with episodes power. defended. Such discussions should The right to freedom of belief and far religious freedom can be exer- of religious groups that struggled to The evidence is damning to the be led by asking ourselves how its expression does not mean that all cised needs to be addressed. Should survive the brutality of governments democratic dream we have been freedom can be fairly realised and beliefs are equal. In other words, not religious schools reject the admis- seeking to exterminate those who trying to manifest: corrective rape savoured by all citizens — and what all opinions are of the same moral sion of LGBTQI+ children? Is it mor- did not conform to popular ideology. remains a nightmare for lesbian beliefs, opinions and values stop and logical value. This is an awkward ally sound for Muslim or Christian For Muslims in Burma, Christians in women and gay men, while queer human beings from living their lives truth and a difficult discussion to adoption agencies to deny orphans Iran and Hindus in Pakistan, openly children, whether transgender or without fear or indignity. navigate. In a country where politi- the opportunity to be raised by a practicing their faith can have lethal non-binary, still fear and endure cal opinion was once suffocated by responsible and caring same-sex cou- consequences. severe bullying at schools. Suicide is Andile Zulu has a blog called Born authoritarian power and noncon- ple? Would we tolerate universities But South Africa is not a theocratic seen as the only relief for too many Free Blues Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 21 Comment & Analysis

Food for thought: Should people eventually be able to establish a settlement on Mars, they could learn valuable lessons and test out new technologies to benefit Earth. Illustration: SAIC Bid to settle Mars could solve Earth’s crisis

Africa must be part of developing technology that extended to how we think about sus- John F Kennedy committed the the destruction we have caused on tainability. Africa has the undesir- United States to sending astronauts Earth. In Petranek’s view, the settle- may make inhabiting the Red Planet possible and able burden of having contributed to the moon by the end of the decade, ment of other planets gives us incen- help the continent survive climate change the least to the climate crisis yet is the technology to achieve such an tives, resources and space to test out being affected by it the most. Climate incredible feat had yet to be invented. new technologies that could limit or change fundamentally threatens all This ambitious goal, mainly driven reduce the effects of climate change ENVIRONMENT most Africans that Africa and its the developmental goals we have set by Cold War rivalry, forced engineers here on Earth. Sikhulekile Duma people have much to contribute for ourselves. Consider, for example, and scientists to develop the technol- One such example is the difficulty to the advancement of our world. that, if the world warms by an aver- ogy that would make manned flight of growing food on Mars; the soil is ut if we want But one finds that we still limit our age of 3°C, which we are on track to to the moon possible. salty and dry, but nutrient rich. Any humanity to contributions, choosing to confine reach, this will mean an average rise Some of these inventions and inno- endeavour to grow crops in such a advance a step fur- them through the narrow lens of the of 6°C in Southern Africa. A 6° rise vations include efficient water puri- hostile environment would have to ‘Bther, if we want to “Third World”. Although these con- in average temperature in this part fication systems, lightweight breath- consider efficient resource use. The bring it up to a dif- tributions are important, we confine of the world would result in the failing masks (which are essential for success of such experiments would ferent level than that which Europe our possibilities to the limitations of ure of the maize crop, which most of firefighters), solar panels, and cord- have a widespread effect on our abil- has shown it, then we must invent the present. the population is dependent on for less devices such as drills. In total, ity to grow food in the most arid and we must make discoveries.” In South Africa this mentality is food. The devastation would ren- Nasa is responsible for 6 300 new areas on our own planet. These words were written by prevalent and has reinforced the pes- der all developmental interventions technologies in their bid to under- It is therefore essential, consider- Frantz Fanon, an influential writer in simism that has become the contem- useless. stand space better. ing that Africa is at the forefront of the anti-colonial liberation struggle, porary South African view. Consider But one does not have to wait for Similar to the beginning of the food, water, and resource insecurity in the concluding chapter of his book President Cyril Ramaphosa’s last the Earth to heat up further to under- 1960s, the technologies and innova- in the face of climate change, that our The Wretched of the Earth (1961). State of the Nation address, in which stand the seriousness of millions of tions necessary for manned flight to scientists, engineers and policymak- The chapter is an ode to humanism he spoke of smart cities and bullet people reported to be facing food Mars — and settlement of the Red ers are involved in humanity’s quest and a reflection on Africa’s poten- trains whizzing across the country. insecurity because of drought and Planet — have yet to be invented to reach Mars. Our absence from this tial contribution to humanity as The nation’s response to his vision the devastating effects of tropical and forces engineers and scientists endeavour will result in technical it emerged from the atrocities of was one of ridicule and calls that Cyclone Idai, which hit Mozambique, to think outside the box and acceler- solutions that are of little relevance colonialism. Fanon’s parting mes- he should “get his head out of the Malawi and Zimbabwe in March last ate the pace of innovation. Essential to our context. It is not enough for sage is that Africa should not try to clouds” and focus on more pressing year. As South Africans, we know to our ambition to reach Mars African governments to focus on the mimic the West, but rather focus on problems. that any crisis in Zimbabwe becomes will be sustainability. Considering “bread and butter issues” of today. contributing its own inventions and But the articulation of a long-term a problem for us, especially through that it is estimated that a one-way They must also have one eye on those perspectives in the service of human- vision is an essential function of any the manifestation of increased manned trip to Mars would take future-focused developments that ity. Fanon captures this by writing: country’s leader. It should be our migration as Zimbabweans are once seven months, the success of the mis- can help us ensure that the bread “For Europe, for ourselves, and for desire that our president thinks not again forced to flee their country. sion and future settlement will be and butter issues of tomorrow are humanity, comrades, we must turn only five years into the future but 20 dependent on how sustainably we not worse than those of today. over a new leaf, we must work out and 30 years ahead, with the hope ur perspectives on any- reuse water, how we source energy I leave you with the words of new concepts, and try to set afoot a that his contributions today can thing that pertains to the and we ensure food security on a bar- Fanon, who wrote: “Humanity is new man.” begin a journey to a different society Osustainability of humanity ren planet. waiting for something from us other At this point you might be ask- tomorrow. is essential and, as crazy as These considerations, if applied than such an imitation [of the West], ing: “What do Fanon’s concluding With our planet facing an array this sounds, this includes humanity’s successfully to our ambition to reach which would be almost an obscene remarks in 1961 have in connec- of interconnected crises, including quest to settle on Mars by the middle the Red Planet, will answer the big caricature.” The world awaits unique tion with humanity’s quest to reach climate change, an out-of-date eco- of this century. When Africans, simi- questions that we have on Earth perspectives and innovations that Mars?” nomic system, growing inequality lar to many other people, comment about how we transition our socie- will bring security and equity to all Almost 60 years after he died, and revolutionary advancements in on the likes of Elon Musk’s efforts to ties towards reusable water, sustain- of humanity. This we can only deliver Fanon and his teachings have been technology that will fundamentally reach Mars in the 2030s, the preva- able farming in regions facing deser- through our involvement in the col- reawakened as young Africans have transform how we work and interact lent opinion is that this is a waste of tification and how we fundamentally lective philosophical and technical become conscious in the face of ever with each other, it’s not enough to money that would be better served rethink urban living and settlement ambitions of humankind, such as the more complex problems. It is not think only of the present. Our contri- solving issues on Earth. (inclusive of smart cities). race to reach Mars. enough to regurgitate Fanon; rather butions as Africans must be future- But this view ignores the histori- In an interview with the online we should contextualise and build on focused and provide an equitable cal fact that space travel has been publication Observer.com, Stephen Sikhulekile Duma is an adviser in his philosophy in a changing Africa alternative not only for ourselves but an enabler of technological advance- Petranek, the author of How We’ll international and government rela- and a changing world. for all of humanity. ment that has affected on our eve- Live on Mars, said that going to tions in the mining sector and wrote It is a long-established view among This train of thinking needs to be ryday lives. In 1961, when President other planets could help us mend this article in his personal capacity 22 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Education Student vandalism at UKZN is inexcusable

to former higher education minister petrol-bombed the security control Huh? students living with HIV go when EDUCATION MATTERS Naledi Pandor last year. building and a vehicle belonging to So by burning the “uncomfortable” they need support, because that A few universities heeded the call the university. beds did they think new ones were offi ce has been burned down. Where Bongekile Macupe by the student union to join the On Monday, February 3 — after suddenly going to appear? will they attend classes because a lec- national shutdown, resulting in the the union called off the shutdown — It must be disappointing and ture hall also went up in smoke? Last week the South African Union disruption of registration when the UKZN students torched another car, embarrassing for a parent to be There is no logic in all of this. And of Students called for a national protest turned ugly and violent on an HIV support centre and an offi ce called and told that their child has there can never be any explanation shutdown of all universities, accus- some campuses. for student residence aff airs. been arrested for torching univer- that would excuse their action. None. ing the higher education minister, But this past weekend, the student The next day they burned a lecture sity property. And now the parent What is perhaps most depressing Blade Nzimande, of failing to meet union called for an end to the shut- hall. — probably a poor parent — has to about it all is that these are the peo- 15 demands in the student union’s down after it met Nzimande and Newspaper headlines screamed scramble around to fi nd bail money, ple the country is looking to as future memorandum. Universities South Africa — an asso- that the students promised they which might involve going to loan leaders. If the thuggish students of The demands included scrapping ciation of universities — and a con- would burn down the entire univer- sharks. UKZN — those who are responsible historical debt and for students with sensus was achieved on some of the sity if their demands were not met. I wonder if these students ever stop for the mayhem of the past few days historical debt to be allowed to regis- demands. The few days of their protest has, to think about the effects of their — represent the calibre of the leaders ter, funding for postgraduate studies, But damage had already been done without doubt, set the KwaZulu- actions. we will rely on to advance this coun- addressing the shortage of student on some campuses and the scenes of Natal university back by millions of This is in no way invalidating the try then, sadly, there will be a very accommodation and free registra- what happened at the University of rands in damages. concerns of students. long way to go. tion for poor and “missing middle” KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) were jaw- Last year, UKZN students burned But let us say all these demands are There is nothing radical or revolu- students. dropping to say the least. mattresses and flung them out of met. Where are these students going tionary about burning down univer- These and other issues are not new. The student union called for the windows, because they were fed up to go for inquiries about student sity property while claiming to be In fact they could easily be a copy- shutdown on Monday, January 27. with sleeping in “uncomfortable accommodation now that they have fi ghting for access to education. It’s and-paste of what they submitted Two days later students at UKZN beds”. torched that office? Where should vandalism, qha qwaba. Mandela said Graphic: JOHN McCANN I could, so I got my doctorate

My mother was a domestic worker and my father a miner, and I went to school in the townships

COMMENT lations controlled and disrupted the Motlalepule Nathane lives of black African families. These were the pass and permit laws that am a first-generation university led to the constant arrests of black graduate and I spent the first 12 people. My parents were well aware years of my education in town- of these realities — they knew exactly Iship schools in Evaton in Gaut- what they were getting into. This was eng. The township was estab- the sacrifi ce that my siblings and I lished in 1904 for black gold miners would eternally be grateful for. and was one of the few townships in My encounter with learning began which black Africans could own land on the fl oor of an overcrowded class- before 1994. room with no furniture, no teacher I was born on a farm about 15km and no teaching materials. The force against innocent residents who though a big family secret had been This led me to pursue my child- west of Evaton, where my pater- school was in an area called Small were fi ghting for their freedom. disclosed. hood dream of obtaining the title nal extended families were tenant Farms; the year was 1980. I learned at a young age how to I did not know this part of his- of doctor. Some adults dismissed labourers for more than two genera- The education district offi ce made escape rubber bullets and tear gas; tory: it had not been covered in my this dream. I was advised to settle tions. Education was highly valued in a decision to enrol all leaners with- how to leave my classroom through school curriculum. For the fi rst time for a more modest level of achieve- my family, even though neither of my out the necessary documents such as a small window; how to jump over I understood what was going on in ment that could be more easily parents had formal education. They birth certifi cates and family permits. our high school fence when running this country. attained. instilled the value of education in us In townships, it was illegal to accept away from white men who wanted The Bantu education system was But my dream was realised in from a young age, stressing that it learners who were not in possession to shoot my “k..... kop” in their quest highly co-ordinated, with a clear December, when a degree of doc- was the only way out for a black child of these documents. to improve their skills of shooting at agenda of turning black African chil- tor of philosophy was conferred in apartheid South Africa. This resulted in the high enrolment a target whom they did not see as a dren into drawers of water and hew- on me by the University of the My father was, at some point in his of learners but not enough school human being. ers of wood for a white-run economy Witwatersrand. This achievement life, a mineworker in Rustenburg and buildings. For more than three This was my first experience of and society, regardless of an individ- became a reality through the support my mother was a domestic worker. months my classmates and I were open violence in an oppressive sys- ual’s abilities and aspirations. of family, friends and many academic My parents’ attitude towards educa- placed in a church-like classroom at tem that denied us our humanity. This was a turning point in my aunties, and through overcoming the tion was manifested in them mak- Mme Christina MaNku’s premises, I had many unanswered questions life. Everything about the schools in countless obstacles confronting me ing a tough decision to move from while we waited for the authorities to and my 11-year-old logic could not townships made perfect sense for the as a black African woman. a farm to Evaton. This was because come up with a plan. My family did make sense of everything that hap- fi rst time, from the empty laborato- As Nelson Mandela said in his there was just one small school on not have a permit, and I was placed pened around me. ries to school libraries with empty autobiography, Long Walk to the farm, which off ered only grades in a class after a plan was devised It was in a fi rst-year sociology lec- shelves and a shortage of text books Freedom (1995): “It is through edu- one to three. to off er learning in two time-based ture that my questions about an to no sports fields or equipment. cation that the daughter of a peas- This groot trek happened when streams. unjust society were answered. One I abhor admitting this, but it was ant can become a doctor, that the I was four months old, and led to My schooling was constantly dis- of my professors covered a section on Hendrik Verwoerd’s assertion about son of a mineworker can become the us leaving behind the secure farm rupted by the political unrest that education in apartheid South Africa; the position of a black child that head of the mine, that a child of farm life and the safety provided by the aff ected most townships in the 1980s this included how Bantu education made me more resolute to become workers can become the president of extended family. My siblings and I and early 1990s. During the years of was conceptualised and how much part of a space that he maintained a great nation.” were educated in Evaton, which had military occupation in Evaton, I wit- the National Party government spent was reserved for white people. I was a number of schools. nessed the dehumanising brutality on the education of children accord- determined to achieve this, despite Dr Motlalepule Nathane is a lecturer Life in the townships in the 1970s and atrocities perpetrated by young ing to their race. It waas if someone the fact that my schooling had not in the social work department at the and 1980s was harsh, because regu- white men in the army and police had dropped a bomb on my head; as prepared me for it. University of the Witwatersrand Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 23

Transform campuses, transform society

These transit points Graphic: JOHN McCANN giance to an institution shaped by and premised on the apartheid ide- can move the ology of belonging and exclusion. decolonisation process Instead, a new allegiance and identity is formed, shaped by the post- forward by breaking merger institution independent of down barriers previous language and cultural affi li- ations. Thus, a conscious restructur- ing and reimagining of the place of COMMENT the university and those who inhabit Colin Chasi & Ylva Rodny-Gumede it can create new ways for people to reimagine their identities. he role of the university Second, universities can decolonise campus can be more than by enabling and providing extended a place and structure in educational, professional and social Twhich higher education is services. With campuses essentially delivered, as well as pro- built to host much smaller student vide additional services and extra- numbers, many institutions are curricular activities. hard-pressed to reconfi gure, rebuild After the RhodesMustFall and and construct new lecture venues, FeesMustFall campaigns, facilita- student accommodation and recrea- tion of access to and the promotion tional spaces. With dwindling fund- of diverse cultures and languages, ing, new and innovative solutions to and the transformation of curricu- space constraints are much needed. lums have been prioritised under the Here universities need to harness all-embracing heading of “decoloni- opportunities of the fourth indus- sation of the university”. trial revolution and new options for But little emphasis has been put how services can be delivered with- on the transformation of university out compromising the social aspects campuses themselves as an embodi- of the campus experience. ment of colonialism and the exclu- Third, campuses can decolo- sionary politics thereof. In fact, the nise by recreating and facilitating university campus can be used as an decolonised relationships between analogy for the role that higher edu- the university and surrounding cation can play in facilitating decolo- communities and broader socio- nisation and social transformation. economic policies and imperatives Discussions on the decolonisation of nationally, regionally and globally. the university are incomplete until Transformation and decolonisa- they also encompass critical and cre- tion projects will have to take stake- ative thinking about the places and holder relationships seriously and spaces in which universities work make them key to the transforma- and lives are lived and fulfi lled. tion agenda of the university. Education is linked to the metaphor of change and the transfer- his means giving all stake- ence of knowledge, so is the univer- holders real and tangible sity itself and, no less so, campus. Tstakes in the facilities and Universities can be seen as transit services of the campus. Thus, spaces that function as nodes in university campuses must be confi g- which people and even society are ured in such a way that, unlike, for transformed. Equally, universities example American university cam- mirror, and take on the form of, their puses, structured as a “place apart” surroundings and the societies they and as microcosms of cities, they are part of. Former University of the instead become a place that is part of Free State vice-chancellor, Jonathan the surrounding community. Jansen, when dealing with racism As transit spaces, universities can on campus, found that sentiments act as vital nodes for the transitions on campus were mere mirror images South Africa envisions to advance of racist attitudes in the communi- decolonisation. University spaces ties surrounding the university, as can also work as networks in which refl ected through newspaper editori- sity that changes society through ments, changing teaching methods South African and African cultural, possibilities are produced that ena- als and letters to the editors in local its educational, research and other and a greater need for interactions as well as a socioeconomic context, ble society to develop innovations newspapers. endeavours. It coheres with the idea between students and staff and the it is important to rethink, recon- and capabilities with which to cope This becomes ever more important of a university that breaks the yoke surrounding communities. struct and re-practice campuses and even lead in a fast changing in the postcolonial context of South of colonialism and moves to replace There is an imperative to reim- in ways that mediate transforma- world. African universities, whereas pre- colonial orders with new ones that agine and reconfi gure the physical tion. Imagining campuses as tran- To do so, it is necessary to remove viously, the place and space of the are relevant to the needs of the soci- place and space of campus to not sit points allows us to think about structural, material and other barri- university campus made statements ety in which it is founded. only accommodate larger student how spaces can be reconfi gured to ers that limit the extent to which the of belonging and exclusion in equal The transit metaphor suggests that numbers, but to create a campus that become virtual as well as literal tran- university can function as a transit measures. Instead, the strategic the ideal of the university, as a place is centred on a holistic and equal sit halls in which social transforma- space. Thus, architects, planners, direction of South African university of advancement through teaching learning experience that provides for tion is enabled. Thus, campuses as university leaders, academics and campuses must be to make state- and research, is best met when the formal and alternative teaching and transit points can open up to pro- students, as well as other stakehold- ments about a new set of ideologies university itself is informed by the learning modalities, and that creates cesses that are conducive to individ- ers, need to be challenged to funda- and values, and serve as a space for environments on which it is based. a sense of sociocultural belonging uals, societies, nations and the world mentally rethink the campus and the the re-appropriation of cultural pro- South African university campuses, for all students. being reimagined, reconfigured, roles it fulfi ls. duction and reproduction. like their counterparts around the To create a learning environment transformed and decolonised. Ultimately, how universities are Thus, what makes universities world, are all products and embodi- that is conducive to a “future-fit” There are three main areas in constituted and given meaning say a transit spaces is that the coinci- ments of the political and social university, and to create a learning which campuses can be reconfi gured great deal about how decolonisation dence or meetings that they give rise agendas of their time. space that talks to and considers a as transit spaces. of higher education and the societies to frame cultural trajectories. The The post-war era brought the First, campuses can work as tran- they form part of will transpire. university serves as a place where construction of large numbers of sit points that link people to multi- people of diff erent generations and universities characterised by bold ple and varied possibilities for socio- Colin Chasi is in the department of genealogies meet and, through the modernist architecture and rigid lay- The transit metaphor cultural belonging. Research shows communication studies and is head meeting of people, the university outs planned to host much smaller suggests the ideal of that the South African university of the unit for institutional change also connects multiple epistemic student populations, which are mergers have successfully managed and social justice at the University of schema, disciplines, knowledges, ill-suited for today’s large surge in the university is best to construct a professional academic the Free State. Ylva Rodny-Gumede ideas and systems of thought. student numbers and the changing met when it is informed and student identity that is moving is in the school of communication The key point here is that the demands of 21st-century education, by the environments away from an apartheid higher edu- and is the head of the division for “transit” metaphor captures the ideally characterised by the fl exibil- cation system in which academic internationalisation at the Univer- transformation ideal of a univer- ity of evolving technological develop- on which it is based identities were formed by an alle- sity of Johannesburg 24 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 KwaZulu-Natal Department of Education Advertorial Speech by the KwaZulu-Natal MEC for education, Kwazi Mshengu, during the announcement of province’s 2019 matric results on January 8.

oday the education sector will give account to the people of KwaZulu- Natal on the mandate to ensure Tquality education for all. We give this account on day in the ANC was founded 108 years ago. The for- mation of the organisation was a response to the grieving majority of indigenous people. Among the tools used to oppress our people was education. I am still yet to find the best description of the standard of education given to African people other than the one given by the apartheid minister of education, Hendrik Verwoerd, who said: “There is no space for him [the native] in the European community above certain forms of labour. For this reason, it is of no avail for him to receive training which has its aim in the absorption of the European community where he cannot be absorbed. Until now he has been subjected to a schooling system which drew him away from his community and misled him by showing him the greener pastures of European society where he is not allowed to graze.” As we give account of the class of 2019 matriculants, we are reporting to John KZN’s top 10 with the MEC, KZN premier, His Majesty the King Goodwill Zwelithini and Department’s Head Of Department Langalibalele Dube, AB Xuma, Chief Albert Luthuli, Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela and many other leaders and martyrs who heralded T60 schools to identify problems and to find learning on various programmes and projects; Umkhanyakude: 80.60% the freedom we enjoy today. We are reporting solutions; and King Cetshwayo: 79.30% on how far have we gone in responding to the • The District Mathematics Support • Mobilising communities to take active Uthukela: 79.20% demand that the “African must be given the Programme, which targeted teachers and interest in education. Zululand: 79.10% type of education which will enable him to learners and was one of the major reasons Umzinyathi: 77.40% meet on equal terms with other people’s con- behind the improvement made in mathemat- Matric results for 2019 Harry Gwala: 77.30% ditions of the modern world” (African Claims ics in the province; KwaZulu-Natal’s national seior certificate pass document). • Orientation workshops, which had a huge rate improved from 76.2% in 2018 to 81.3% in We congratulate Ugu district for being the For the first time, we have compiled a report effect because they provided teachers with 2019. Last year saw 116 937 candidates sit for best performing district in 2019. To the district that gives account of performance from grade necessary techniques for effective teaching; the final exams. Today we proudly join the direct, Mr Sibiya, we say well done to you and 1 to grade 12. We base this on the conviction • Support to underperforming schools by league of other provinces in the 80% bracket. your team. that our focus should be learner performance head office and district officials; and Our bachelor passes have increased from 38 We congratulate all 12 districts because they throughout the entire education system as • Lessons on radio stations helped learners 573 in 2018 to 44 189 in 2019. In percentages, recorded improvements. We congratulate opposed to only focusing at the tail end — who would listen at home and combine this that translates to 37.8% in 2019 and 33.2% Ilembe district in particular for being the most matric. The report will inform the interven- knowledge being imparted with what they in 2018. We are also pleased with our steady improved district (by 5.90%). tions we need to make. The education system learned at school. increase in both maths and physical science. A total of 201 schools obtained a 100% is performing fairly well in lower grades, but pass rate in 2019, compared with 121 in 2018. we are worried that there is a decline in grades Drive to maintain and improve results Performance of the progressed Included in these best schools are rural and 8 and 9 — an indication that there either may KwaZulu-Natal, with an enrolment of about learners quintiles 1, 2 and 3 schools. be a disconnect between primary and second- 2.8-million children, has almost 23% of all We are proud of the continued improve- But we note that, despite our hard work to ary education or that we don’t pay sufficient learners in the country. We need to step up ment in our intervention programmes for turn things around, three schools recorded a attention to these two grades as opposed to our drive to record yet another good academic progressed learners. This is evidenced by zero percent pass rate. grades 10, 11 and 12. year in 2020. We will continue improving an increase in bachelor passes from 561 The department has plans in place to sup- The focus on the performance of the whole the measures we have in place and introduce in the class of 2018 to 966 in the class of port candidates who require a second chance education system should also assist us in more so that the whole system works. Among 2019. The overall pass percentage for pro- to get their national senior certificate. They tracing learners from the time they enter the the areas of our focus will be: gressed learners has improved from 63.40% are advised to contact their nearest district school system until they leave it. We remain • Making the classroom the centrepiece of to 71.80%. The improvement in pass per- office for details. worried about learners who drop out and we all activities; centage of progressed learners is higher in At the beginning of last year the department don’t fully understand when or why this hap- • Early childhood development; Umkhanyakude by 18.70%, Ilembe by 14.90% promised that we would break the 80% pass pens. I have directed the education depart- • Literacy, numeracy and digital skills; and Umgungundlovu by 12.40%. threshold and we have delivered. Our comment to investigate the development of a • Assessment and accountability; mitment this year is that we will narrow the system that can trace each learner and their • Infrastructure and sanitation; The overall pass percentage per district gap between our current performance and the performance from the time they start in grade • Rollout of information and communica- is: 100% pass rate, which is our ultimate target. 1. This system will enable teachers, parents tions to meet the demands of the fourth indus- Ugu: 86.30% and others to make pointed interventions for trial revolution; Amajuba: 85.20% an individual learner and a cohort of learners. • Skills and competencies for a changing Pinetown: 83% The year 2019 has been a difficult year for world; Umgungundlovu: 82.80% the education sector. We had to contend with • School safety; Umlazi : 82.60% many factors inhibiting our progress. These • Partnering with institutions of higher Ilembe: 80.90% include violence in our schools, vandalism, theft, disruption of teaching and learning by The top 10 circuits are residents, burning of schools and the shortage of funds to meet our targets. Notwithstanding District Name CMC Circuit Total Wrote Total Achieved Pass% these difficulties, the dedication of all stakeholders made it possible for us today to stand Ugu Emzumbe Highflats 338 328 97.0% with our heads high. Pinetown Durban Northwest Westville 3 350 3 203 95.6% Interventions to improve results Amajuba Newcastle Ebuhleni 1 987 1 896 95.4% During 2019 we undertook a number of inter- Umgungundlovu Umngeni Howick 4 201 3 959 94.2% ventions to improve the results. Among them are: Amajuba Dannhauser Normandien 781 733 93.9% • Enforcing and monitoring the implemen- Ugu Scottburgh Dududu 297 278 93.6% tation of the Academic Improvement Plan right down to the school level; Umlazi Durban Central Ethusini 5 748 5 377 93.5% • The MEC and Head of Department’s Pinetown Mafukuzela Ghandi Phoenix Central 3 474 3 243 93.4% District Support Programme, which saw the MEC and HOD meet senior management in Zululand Bhekuzulu Ngotshe 772 714 92.5% districts, circuit managers and principals of Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 25 Office of the Tax Ombud Advertorial Calls mount for Tax Ombudsman’s independence

here is mounting pressure on “You cannot have an organisation that you National Treasury to give the Office are holding to account controlling you… now of the Tax Ombudsman independ- is the time to fix this” Tence, following a dialogue with the He pointed out that Sars had previously public, tax practitioners and repre- been weakened under former commissioner sentatives of the South African Revenue Ser- Tom Moyne and people need to be able to vices (Sars) this week. trust in the institution as it tries to rebuild. Panellists and audience members at a Duvenage added that a great deal more critical thinking forum hosted by the Mail work is required to ensure the public is aware & Guardian at Webber Wentzel’s offices in of the office of the tax ombud, which will Sandton discussed the importance of the require more resources and the ability to con- office being seen to be independent and as a trol its own budget. crucial to boosting tax morale. Advocate Lucia Hlongwane, the CEO of The views expressed during the engage- Walena Africa Capital and former Africa ment will be used to support the call for the Tax Leader at EY said that tax payers don’t structural independence of the Office .Judge feel they can rely on the tax ombud due to Bernard Ngoepe is becoming increasingly perceptions of not being fully independent desperate for the office to be given autonomy. He has written to three finance heads, Nhlanhla Nene, Malusi Gigaba and Mboweni about the difficult situation the office faces and has so far not received any response. Determined to achieve full independence from Sars by the time his term end in 2022, he is now soliciting the views of the public. A study was conducted by Government Technical Advisory Centre (GTAC) several years ago and they presented two scenarios for the tax ombud. The one would see a total divorce and the other would see certain services shared to save funds. This report which Ngoepe reminded the audience cost several millions to produce, has thus far been ignored by government. Declining revenues and the growing tax collection gap has been a headache for Treasury in recent years with part of the blame being attributed to weak economic growth and a slippage in tax morale. Mboweni is expected to announce further tax increases in his budget speech in the final week in February, There has been some speculation by analysts that this could be in the form of another value added tax (VAT) hike, the second one in three years. The Office of the Tax Ombudsman is seen as a key institution to boost morale and compliance by allowing tax payers who have exhausted internal Sars processes, to have their complaints dealt with by an independ- Stakeholders representing different groups including taxpayers, tax practitioners, civil society, tax industry bodies, academia, as well as rep- ent body. resentatives of private and public sector entities held constructive discussions on Tax Ombud Judge Bernard Ngoepe’s call for the structural The tax ombud’s office opened in 2013 with independence of the Office of the Tax Ombud. Photos: Supplied just three staff members, growing to 40 people, having received over 4 800 complaints in and would rather go to court to try get their SA office was modelled on similar watchdogs and international practices can be studied in the previous financial year with around half money back. in Australia, Canada and New Zealand. this regard. of these resolved and more than R35 million “Why would you report Sars to Sars,” Professor Deborah Tickle, from the Another suggestion supported by much gained back for taxpayers. Hlongwane described as the common feeling University of Cape Town and the managing of the audience was to give the tax ombud’s Ngoepe who has been at the helm of grow- amongst many of her corporate clients. partner of the tax department at KPMG (Cape office powers to make recommendations that ing the institution since 2013 warns against South Africa, close to 26 years after the first Town) tackled international best practice in would be binding against Sars or at least have a false sense of complacency that the office democratic elections is still trying to refine its keeping watchdog’s independent. implications if they are not followed. is working well in its current format, where key institutions, clearly outlining their pow- The US office touts its autonomy but has the Sars commissioner is the accounting ers and scope. to report to the Internal Revenue Services Money well spent officer and can dismiss and hire staff for the who also controls the appointment of staff. Several tax practitioners expressed frustra- watchdog. Protect democratic institutions Australia’s Inspector-General of Taxation tion that Sars does not adhere to the 30 day This was highlighted by Ngoepe who said has financial independence from the revenue response time by the tax ombudsman and the ‘Why would you report Sars to Sars’ there is a “bad culture in this country, [we] try agency. office currently does not have the powers to “Why do we need that structural independ- create institutions in terms of the constitution The best example is perhaps Mexico’s enforce this. ence, we need it because this is a public but we are poor in terms of protecting them. Prodecon, which has a wide mandate, acting Experts concluded that it would be money office…don’t look at its performance when The tax ombud’s office is one of the insti- as an arbitrator and can represent taxpayers well spent in giving the office independence assessing its need for structural independ- tutions where legislation and the practice up to a certain limit. The timeline to respond as it would increase tax compliance and reve- ence, that office is working well because of is somewhat confusing, according to Pieter back to complaints is 72 hours. nue while tax payer confidentiality would also the mutual respect with Sars commissioners,” Farber, executive in the tax department at Mexico has seen an improvement in tax not be compromised as the ombud would be Ngoepe said. the South African Institute of chartered morality and compliance as the public feels bound by the same provisions as the revenue He added that when he steps down in just Accountants (SAICA). they are being treated fairly and SA should agency. over two years, he does not want the next tax “The perceived independence [of the tax see any increased cost of independence of the Ngoepe emphasised that Sars is an institu- ombudsman to be dependent on the good will ombud] has always been a problem, there tax ombud, being offset by increased tax rev- tion with enormous powers which needs to of a commissioner. were some refinements in the 2016 amend- enue, according to Tickle. have checks and balances for the benefit of “No public office should survive on the rep- ments but we should have asked questions a Hlongwane warned meanwhile that it is tax payers and the broader economy. utation of an individual,” said Ngoepe who lot earlier,” Farber said. important not to simply ‘copy-paste’ policy “I’ve seen people coming into the office cry- was the former Judge President of the North He pointed out one example of this, the tax proposals from international best practice ing because their business account was fro- and South Gauteng High Courts. ombud’s budget (R46.4 million in 2018/2019) and the structure of the tax ombudsman’s zen… Sars did that in some instances without The current format for the office sees the is approved by the minister of finance but is office should be modelled to fit SA. following correct procedure,” Ngoepe said. Minister of Finance appoint the tax ombud then allocated by Sars which has a separate The resounding response from the audi- He added that many companies folded and while Sars, the institution that the office is reporting schedule to parliament. ence which split into two breakaway ses- failed to pay salaries when Sars retained their supposed to provide oversight for, controls Farber also questioned why the Office of the sions to discuss practical proposals to give VAT refunds, a finding he made against the their finances, HR processes and even the Tax Ombudsman does not have the powers to the watchdog functional and operational revenue agency in 2017. building’s lease. open bank accounts. “The legislation doesn’t independence. Sars is supportive of the office gaining inde- This was an issue of concern raised seem to tie up,” Farber said. Proposals include amending legislation pendence, according to Ngoepe, now he just by Wayne Duvenage, the CEO of the that Sars can share some services with the needs Mboweni to open his ears to the grow- Organisation Undoing Tax Abuse (Outa) dur- International best practice tax ombud such as IT and office space but HR ing calls for taxpayers to be treated fairly and ing a panel discussion. With very few tax ombud offices in Africa, the processes and powers should be separated equally. 26 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 & Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za To advertise in this section please contact: Vanessa 011 250 7450 Ilizma 063 026 7450 Careers Elsie 011 250 7580 Lesedi 011 250 7430

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hE/h>hŝƐĂĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐŝǀĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇŽīĞƌŝŶŐĂƉƉƌŽǆŝŵĂƚĞůǇϮϱϮĂĐĐƌĞĚŝƚĞĚĚĞŐƌĞĞ͕ĚŝƉůŽŵĂ ĂŶĚ ĐĞƌƟĮĐĂƚĞ ĐŽƵƌƐĞƐ ĂĐƌŽƐƐ ŝƚƐ &ĂĐƵůƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƌƚƐ͖ ĚƵĐĂƟŽŶ͖ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ͖ ĂŶĚ ŽŵŵĞƌĐĞ͕ ĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ >Ăǁ Ăƚ ƚŚĞ <ǁĂůĂŶŐĞǌǁĂ ĂŶĚ ZŝĐŚĂƌĚƐ ĂǇ ĐĂŵƉƵƐĞƐ͘ The hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇďĞůŝĞǀĞƐŝŶƉƌŽŵŽƟŶŐĂĐƵůƚƵƌĞŽĨůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐŝŶĂŶĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƚŚĂƚŝƐĐŽŶĚƵĐŝǀĞƚŽ With its various campuses and diverse cultures supporting ƉĞƌƐŽŶĂůŐƌŽǁƚŚĂŶĚĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ͘ the spirit of ubuntu, the Cape Peninsula University of dŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇŽĨƵůƵůĂŶĚƐƵďƐĐƌŝďĞƐƚŽƚŚĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉůĞƐĞŵďĞĚĚĞĚŝŶƚŚĞŵƉůŽǇŵĞŶƚƋƵŝƚǇĐƚ͘ Technology continuously strives to be at the heart of CPUT technology education and innovation in Africa REGISTRAR &ŝǀĞͲzĞĂƌ&ŝǆĞĚdĞƌŵWĞƌĨŽƌŵĂŶĐĞͲĂƐĞĚŽŶƚƌĂĐƚͮZĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞEƵŵďĞƌ͗ϮϬϮϬͬϬϮͬZZϬϭ Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) looks forward to dŚĞ ŽƵŶĐŝů ŽĨ hE/h>h ƐĞĞŬƐ ƚŽ ĂƉƉŽŝŶƚ͕ ŽŶ Ă &ŝǀĞͲzĞĂƌ &ŝǆĞĚ dĞƌŵ ŽŶƚƌĂĐƚ͕ Ă ŚŝŐŚ ĐĂůŝďƌĞ͕ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ͕ ǀŝƐŝŽŶĂƌǇ ĂŶĚ appointing competent, qualifying candidates in its various faculties ĂĐĐŽŵƉůŝƐŚĞĚůĞĂĚĞƌƚŽƉƌŽǀŝĚĞůĞĂĚĞƌƐŚŝƉŝŶƚŚĞĂƌĞĂƐŽĨŝŶƐƟƚƵƟŽŶĂůŐŽǀĞƌŶĂŶĐĞ͕ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚĞŶƌŽůŵĞŶƚĂŶĚĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͕ƌĞĐŽƌĚƐŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ͕ůĞŐĂůĂĚǀŝƐŽƌǇĂŶĚŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͘ and support departments in the following positions: dŚĞZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌŝƐĂŵĞŵďĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĞǆĞĐƵƟǀĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚƚĞĂŵĂŶĚƌĞƉŽƌƚƐĚŝƌĞĐƚůǇƚŽƚŚĞsŝĐĞͲŚĂŶĐĞůůŽƌ͘dŚĞZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌĂůƐŽ ǁŽƌŬƐĐůŽƐĞůǇǁŝƚŚƚŚĞŚĂŝƌƉĞƌƐŽŶŽĨŽƵŶĐŝůĂŶĚŽƚŚĞƌŵĞŵďĞƌƐŽĨƚŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇŽƵŶĐŝůĂŶĚŝƚƐ^ƵďĐŽŵŵŝƩĞĞƐ͘ƉƉůŝĐĂŶƚƐ FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES ƐŚŽƵůĚŚĂǀĞĞǆƚĞŶƐŝǀĞŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞĂŶĚĞǆƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞǁŝƚŚŝŶƚŚĞŚŝŐŚĞƌĞĚƵĐĂƟŽŶĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚ͕ƵŶƋƵĞƐƟŽŶĂďůĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĐƌĞĚĞŶƟĂůƐ͕ƐƚƌŽŶŐĂŶĚƉƌŽǀĞŶůĞĂĚĞƌƐŚŝƉƋƵĂůŝƟĞƐĂƚĞǆĞĐƵƟǀĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚůĞǀĞů͘ t -FDUVSFS Landscape Architecture t "TTPDJBUF1SPGFTTPS4FOJPS-FDUVSFS Biotechnology and Consumer Science (x2) hd/^EZ^WKE^//>/d/^͗ͻĐƚĂƐƚŚĞ^ĞĐƌĞƚĂƌǇƚŽŽƵŶĐŝůĂŶĚŝƚƐŽŵŵŝƩĞĞƐͻWƌŽǀŝĚĞƐĞĐƌĞƚĂƌŝĂƚƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐƚŽƚŚĞ t 4FOJPS-FDUVSFS-FDUVSFS Biotechnology ^ĞŶĂƚĞ͕/ŶƐƟƚƵƟŽŶĂů&ŽƌƵŵĂŶĚƚŚĞǆĞĐƵƟǀĞDĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚŽŵŵŝƩĞĞͻWƌŽǀŝĚĞĞīĞĐƟǀĞĂŶĚĞĸĐŝĞŶƚŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚŽĨƚŚĞ and Consumer Science ZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌ͛ƐƉŽƌƞŽůŝŽďǇůĞĂĚŝŶŐĂŶĚƚĂŬŝŶŐƌĞƐƉŽŶƐŝďŝůŝƚǇĨŽƌƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͗◆Governance by compliance with relevant ĂĐƚƐ͕ƐƚĂƚƵƚĞƐ͕ƌƵůĞƐ͕ƉŽůŝĐŝĞƐ͕ƌĞŐƵůĂƟŽŶƐĂŶĚƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƐ◆ŽŵƉŝůĞĂŶĚĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƚĞƚŚĞĂƉƉƌŽǀĂů͕ƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶĂŶĚĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚĞƌŝŶŐ FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT ŽĨ /ŶƐƟƚƵƟŽŶĂů ^ƚĂƚƵƚĞƐ ĂŶĚ ZƵůĞƐ ◆^ƚƵĚĞŶƚ ĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐ ĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶ ƐĞƌǀŝĐĞƐ͕ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ ƌĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶƐ͕ ĞǆĂŵŝŶĂƟŽŶƐ ĂŶĚ ŐƌĂĚƵĂƟŽŶƐ◆Professional and Legal Advisory Services. t -FDUVSFS+VOJPS-FDUVSFSMarine Engineering D/E/DhDZYh/ZDEd^͗ͻƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚDĂƐƚĞƌ͛ƐĚĞŐƌĞĞ;>ĂǁͿͻ<ŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŽĨƚŚĞ,ŝŐŚĞƌĚƵĐĂƟŽŶĐƚĂŶĚŽƚŚĞƌƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚ ƉŝĞĐĞƐŽĨůĞŐŝƐůĂƟŽŶͻ&ŝǀĞ;ϱͿǇĞĂƌƐŵĂŶĂŐĞƌŝĂůĂŶĚůĞĂĚĞƌƐŚŝƉĞǆƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞĐŽƵƉůĞĚǁŝƚŚƐŽƵŶĚŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŽĨƚŚĞƉƌŝŶĐŝƉůĞƐ FACULTY OF HEALTH & WELLNESS SCIENCES ŽĨŐŽŽĚŐŽǀĞƌŶĂŶĐĞĂŶĚĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶǁŝƚŚŝŶƚŚĞŚŝŐŚĞƌĞĚƵĐĂƟŽŶƐĞĐƚŽƌͻ<ŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŽĨ,d͕,^͕,ĂŶĚ^YƉŽůŝĐǇ ŵĂƩĞƌƐͻ&ŝŶĂŶĐŝĂůĂŶĚƉĞŽƉůĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚƐŬŝůůƐ͘ t -FDUVSFSPrimary Health Care (x2) t $MJOJDBM*OTUSVDUPSEmergency Medical dŚĞĂƉƉŽŝŶƚŵĞŶƚŝƐĨŽƌĂϱͲǇĞĂƌĮǆĞĚƚĞƌŵǁŚŝĐŚŵĂǇďĞĞǆƚĞŶĚĞĚĨŽƌĂĨƵƌƚŚĞƌĂŶĚĮŶĂůƚĞƌŵďǇŵƵƚƵĂůĐŽŶƐĞŶƚ͘ t &$1-FDUVSFSNursing Sciences (2-year Sciences (3-year Contract) Contract) dŽĂƉƉůǇĨŽƌƚŚŝƐƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ͕ƉůĞĂƐĞĞŵĂŝůƚŚĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶĨŽƌŵĂŶĚĂůůƌĞƋƵŝƌĞĚĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƚŽDƌƐE͘W͘DĂƟŬŝŶĐĂ͕ ŵĂƟŬŝŶĐĂŶΛƵŶŝǌƵůƵ͘ĂĐ͘ǌĂKZůŽŐŽŶƚŽWEd;ǁǁǁ͘ƉŶĞƚ͘ĐŽ͘ǌĂͿƚŽƐƵďŵŝƚǇŽƵƌĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶďǇŶŽ FACULTY OF INFORMATICS & DESIGN ůĂƚĞƌƚŚĂŶϭϮŚϬϬŽŶƚŚĞĐůŽƐŝŶŐĚĂƚĞƐƚĂƚĞĚďĞůŽǁ͘ t -FDUVSFSInformation Technology – t -FDUVSFSMedia Studies DEPUTY REGISTRAR Multimedia Technologies t -FDUVSFS+VOJPS-FDUVSFS Media Studies (x2) ĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶͮ'ƌĂĚĞ͗ϬϱͮZĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞEƵŵďĞƌ͗ϮϬϮϬͬϬϭͬZZϮϬ dŚĞƉƌŝŵĂƌǇƉƵƌƉŽƐĞŽĨƚŚĞƉŽƐŝƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞĞƉƵƚǇZĞŐŝƐƚƌĂƌ͗ĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶŝƐƚŽƉůĂŶĂŶĚŵĂŶĂŐĞĂůůŬĞǇĂĐƟǀŝƟĞƐŽĨ COMPUTER AND TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES ƚŚĞĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶƉŽƌƞŽůŝŽ͕ĨƌŽŵĞŶƌŽůŵĞŶƚƚŚƌŽƵŐŚƚŽŵĂŝŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐƐƚƵĚĞŶƚƌĞĐŽƌĚƐ͕ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐĂůůĐŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶƐ with all relevant stakeholders. t *53JTLBOE$PNQMJBODF0GmDFS t *OGPSNBUJPO4FDVSJUZ0GmDFS <zWZ&KZDEZ^͗ͻWŽůŝĐǇĂŶĚƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƌĞǀŝĞǁĂŶĚĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚͻKƉĞƌĂƟŽŶĂůƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐ͕ďƵĚŐĞƟŶŐĂŶĚĮŶĂŶĐŝĂů ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ͻŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƐƚĂŬĞŚŽůĚĞƌ ŝŶƚĞƌĨĂĐĞ ͻKƉĞƌĂƟŽŶĂů ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŽƌĚŝŶĂƟŽŶ ͻ^ƚĂī ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ CPUT LIBRARIES ͻZĞƉŽƌƟŶŐ͘ t -JCSBSJBO Faculties of Applied Sciences & Health and Wellness Sciences D/E/DhDZYh/ZDEd^͗ͻ,ŽŶŽƵƌƐĚĞŐƌĞĞ;EY&>ĞǀĞůϴͿŝŶƵƐŝŶĞƐƐŽƌWƵďůŝĐĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶͻWŽƐƐĞƐƐŝŽŶŽĨĂDĂƐƚĞƌ͛Ɛ ĚĞŐƌĞĞŝŶƵƐŝŶĞƐƐŽƌWƵďůŝĐĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶǁŽƵůĚďĞĂŶĂĚǀĂŶƚĂŐĞͻDŝŶŝŵƵŵŽĨĞŝŐŚƚ;ϴͿǇĞĂƌƐĞǆƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞŝŶĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐ ĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶĂƚƐĞŶŝŽƌŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚůĞǀĞůͻ>ĞĂĚĞƌƐŚŝƉĂŶĚĂďŝůŝƚǇƚŽŐƵŝĚĞĂŶĚŵŽƟǀĂƚĞĂƚĞĂŵŽĨĚŝǀĞƌƐĞĐƵůƚƵƌĞƐͻ^ŽƵŶĚ FINANCE DEPARTMENT knowledge of formal University structures͘<ŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞ͗ͻǆĐĞůůĞŶƚǁŽƌŬŝŶŐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŽĨƐƚƵĚĞŶƚĞŶƌŽůŵĞŶƚ͕ĞǆĂŵŝŶĂƟŽŶ ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ͕ŐƌĂĚƵĂƟŽŶ͕ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĂŶĚĂĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶƉƌŽĐĞĚƵƌĞƐͻtŽƌŬŝŶŐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŽĨ/d^͘^ŬŝůůƐ͗ͻŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ t .BOBHFSPayroll ;ǁƌŝƩĞŶĂŶĚǀĞƌďĂůͿͻ/ŶƚĞƌƉĞƌƐŽŶĂůͻWĞŽƉůĞŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚͻWůĂŶŶŝŶŐĂŶĚŽƌŐĂŶŝƐŝŶŐͻZĞƉŽƌƟŶŐ͘ĞŚĂǀŝŽƵƌƐ͗ͻ'ŽĂůĚƌŝǀĞŶĂŶĚ ƐĞůĨͲŵŽƟǀĂƚĞĚͻƵƐƚŽŵĞƌĨŽĐƵƐĞĚͻdĞĂŵƉůĂǇĞƌͻ/ŶŝƟĂƟǀĞͻƩĞŶƟŽŶƚŽĚĞƚĂŝů͘ OFFICE OF THE VICE CHANCELLOR

dŽĂƉƉůǇĨŽƌƚŚŝƐƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ͕ƉůĞĂƐĞĞŵĂŝůƚŚĞĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶĨŽƌŵĂŶĚƚŚĞƌĞƋƵŝƌĞĚĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĂƟŽŶƚŽDƐW͘EŚůĞŶŐĞƚŚǁĂ͕ t 3JTL.BOBHFS ŶŚůĞŶŐĞƚŚǁĂƉΛƵŶŝǌƵůƵ͘ĂĐ͘ǌĂKZůŽŐŽŶƚŽWEd;ǁǁǁ͘ƉŶĞƚ͘ĐŽ͘ǌĂͿƚŽƐƵďŵŝƚǇŽƵƌĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶďǇŶŽ ůĂƚĞƌƚŚĂŶϭϮŚϬϬŽŶƚŚĞĐůŽƐŝŶŐĚĂƚĞƐƚĂƚĞĚďĞůŽǁ͘ REGISTRAR’S OFFICE Visit www.cput.ac.za for further information and application details, >K^/E'd͗Ϯϯ&ZhZzϮϬϮϬ t 4FOJPS$PNNJUUFF0GmDFS: Secretariat or contact (021) 959 6486 For the APPLICATION FORM, please log on to the University website and click on vacancies STUDENT AFFAIRS AND SERVICES ;ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƵŶŝǌƵůƵ͘ĂĐ͘ǌĂͬǀĂĐĂŶĐŝĞƐͿ Closing Date: 21 February 2020 ůůĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐŵƵƐƚŝŶĐůƵĚĞƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐǁŚŝĐŚĂƌĞĐƌŝƟĐĂůŝŶĞǀĂůƵĂƟŶŐĂƉƉůŝĐĂŶƚƐƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚ͗;ĂͿ^ĞůĨͲǀĂůƵĂƟŽŶďǇƚŚĞ t 4UVEFOU$PVOTFMMPS Y ĂƉƉůŝĐĂŶƚŽĨŚŝƐͬŚĞƌĂďŝůŝƚǇĨŽƌƚŚĞĂƉƉŽŝŶƚŵĞŶƚ͖;ďͿĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞĚhE/h>hĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶĨŽƌŵ͖;ĐͿĚĞƚĂŝůĞĚƵƌƌŝĐƵůƵŵsŝƚĂĞ͖ ;ĚͿĞƌƟĮĞĚĐŽƉŝĞƐŽĨĂůůĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐƋƵĂůŝĮĐĂƟŽŶƐ͕/͖ĂŶĚ;ĞͿEĂŵĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŶƚĂĐƚĚĞƚĂŝůƐŽĨĂƚůĞĂƐƚƚŚƌĞĞĐŽŶƚĂĐƚĂďůĞǁŽƌŬ related referees (one must be a current or recent superior). EŽŚĂŶĚͲĚĞůŝǀĞƌĞĚŽƌƉŽƐƚĂůĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐǁŝůůďĞĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚ͘dŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇƌĞƐĞƌǀĞƐƚŚĞƌŝŐŚƚŶŽƚƚŽŵĂŬĞĂŶĂƉƉŽŝŶƚŵĞŶƚ͘ ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶǁŝůůďĞĞŶƚĞƌĞĚŝŶƚŽǁŝƚŚƚŚĞƐŚŽƌƚůŝƐƚĞĚĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚĞƐŽŶůǇ͘ +27 (0)21 959 6767 @cput ǇƐƵďŵŝƫŶŐĂŶĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶĨŽƌƚŚŝƐǀĂĐĂŶĐǇǇŽƵĂĐĐĞƉƚƚŚĞƌĞĐƌƵŝƚŵĞŶƚĂŶĚƐĞůĞĐƟŽŶƉƌŽĐĞƐƐŽĨhE/h>h͘ [email protected] @wearecput WůĞĂƐĞŶŽƚĞŝŶƚĞƌŵƐŽĨƚŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇ͛ƐƌĞĐƌƵŝƚŵĞŶƚƉŽůŝĐǇƉƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞǁŝůůďĞŐŝǀĞŶƚŽ^ŽƵƚŚĨƌŝĐĂŶĐŝƟǌĞŶƐ͘hE/h>hŝƐ www.cput.ac.za www.facebook.com/cput.ac.za ĐŽŵŵŝƩĞĚƚŽĞŵƉůŽǇŵĞŶƚĞƋƵŝƚǇĂŶĚĞƋƵĂůŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚǇ͘ Consult the CPUT website or faculty for more information. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information; however the University reserves the right at any time, if circumstances require to make changes to any of the published details.

a ATHLONE BELLVILLE DISTRICT SIX GEORGE GRANGER BAY MOWBRAY WELLINGTON WORCESTER

www.ursonline.co.za & Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za Jobs

hE/h>h ŝƐ Ă ĐŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐŝǀĞ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇ ŽīĞƌŝŶŐ ĂƉƉƌŽǆŝŵĂƚĞůǇ ϮϱϮ ĂĐĐƌĞĚŝƚĞĚ ĚĞŐƌĞĞ͕ ĚŝƉůŽŵĂ ĂŶĚ ĐĞƌƟĮĐĂƚĞ ĐŽƵƌƐĞƐ ĂĐƌŽƐƐ ŝƚƐ &ĂĐƵůƟĞƐ ŽĨ ƌƚƐ͖ ĚƵĐĂƟŽŶ͖ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ CONTACT: ŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ͖ĂŶĚŽŵŵĞƌĐĞ͕ĚŵŝŶŝƐƚƌĂƟŽŶĂŶĚ>ĂǁĂƚƚŚĞ<ǁĂůĂŶŐĞǌǁĂĂŶĚZŝĐŚĂƌĚƐĂǇ ĐĂŵƉƵƐĞƐ͘dŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇďĞůŝĞǀĞƐŝŶƉƌŽŵŽƟŶŐĂĐƵůƚƵƌĞŽĨůĞĂƌŶŝŶŐŝŶĂŶĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚƚŚĂƚ ŝƐĐŽŶĚƵĐŝǀĞƚŽƉĞƌƐŽŶĂůŐƌŽǁƚŚĂŶĚĂĐĂĚĞŵŝĐĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ͘ Elsie Mashanzhe - 011 250 7580 dŚĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚǇŽĨƵůƵůĂŶĚŝƐĐƵƌƌĞŶƚůǇƐĞĞŬŝŶŐƚŽĞŵƉůŽǇĐĂƉĂďůĞ ƉĞƌƐŽŶƐŝŶƚŚĞĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƐ͗ D/WK^d^ &h>dzK&hd/KE WZdDEd :Kd/d> Z&EK͘ VACANCY DĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐƐ͕^ĐŝĞŶĐĞĂŶĚdĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇĚƵĐĂƟŽŶ >ĞĐƚƵƌĞƌ ϮϬϮϬͬϬϮͬDϳϬ ƌƚƐĂŶĚ>ĂŶŐƵĂŐĞƐ >ĞĐƚƵƌĞƌ ϮϬϮϬͬϬϮͬ:ϮϬ BULLETIN ^ƚƵĚĞŶƚdĞĂĐŚŝŶŐWƌĂĐƟĐƵŵ >ĞĐƚƵƌĞƌ;dĞŵƉŽƌĂƌǇͿ ϮϬϮϬͬϬϮͬdϬϭ >K^/E'd͗Ϯϯ&ZhZzϮϬϮϬ EXCITING OPPORTUNITY FOR PEOPLE WHO WANT TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE For full post requirements, please log on to the University website and click on vacancies;ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬǁǁǁ͘ƵŶŝǌƵůƵ͘ĂĐ͘ǌĂͬǀĂĐĂŶĐŝĞƐͬͿ. To ĂƉƉůǇĨŽƌƚŚĞƐĞƉŽƐŝƟŽŶƐ͕ƉůĞĂƐĞůŽŐŽŶƚŽWŶĞƚ͘ĐŽ͘ǌĂ͘/ĨŶŽƚƌĞŐŝƐƚĞƌĞĚ͕ƉůĞĂƐĞƌĞŐŝƐƚĞƌĂŶĚĂƉƉůǇĨŽƌƚŚĞĂƉƉƌŽƉƌŝĂƚĞƉŽƐŝƟŽŶ͘ŶƐƵƌĞ DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT AND PUBLIC WORKS ƚŚĂƚǇŽƵĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞƚŚĞƋƵĞƐƟŽŶŶĂŝƌĞĂƐƉĞƌƚŚĞƐƉĞĐŝĮĐƉŽƐƚ͘WůĞĂƐĞŶŽƚĞŶŽĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐƚŚƌŽƵŐŚĂŶǇŽƚŚĞƌŵĞĂŶƐǁŝůůďĞĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚ͘ WůĞĂƐĞ ŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞ ĐůĞĂƌůǇ ƚŚĞ ƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƉĞĐƟǀĞ ĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶ ŽŶ ǇŽƵƌ ĞŵĂŝů ƐƵďũĞĐƚ ůŝŶĞ͘ ŽŵŵƵŶŝĐĂƟŽŶ ǁŝůů ďĞ DIRECTOR: DEPARTMENTAL PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND EVALUATION ĞŶƚĞƌĞĚŝŶƚŽǁŝƚŚƐŚŽƌƚͲůŝƐƚĞĚĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚĞƐŽŶůǇ͘EŽŚĂŶĚͲĚĞůŝǀĞƌĞĚŽƌƉŽƐƚĞĚĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐǁŝůůďĞĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚ͘ Remuneration: All–inclusive salary package of R1 057 326 per annum (salary level 13) “While UNIZULU strives for equal opportunities, preference will be given to suitable candidates in terms of the University’s equity Reference number: TPW 33/2020 policy” The University reserves the right NOT to make an appointment or to appoint at a different level as per the advert. EŽĂƉƉůŝĐĂƟŽŶƐŵĂĚĞĂŌĞƌƚŚĞĐůŽƐŝŶŐĚĂƚĞǁŝůůďĞĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚ͘/ĨǇŽƵĚŽŶŽƚŵĞĞƚƚŚĞŵŝŶŝŵƵŵƌĞƋƵŝƌĞŵĞŶƚƐƉůĞĂƐĞĚŽŶŽƚĂƉƉůǇ͘ To view the advertisement content and how to apply, please visit www.westerncape.gov.za/jobs The WCG is guided by the principles of Employment Equity. Disabled candidates a are encouraged to apply and an indication in this regard would be appreciated.

Closing date: 24 February 2020

www.ayandambanga.co.za

www.ursonline.co.za 138833 www.thecandocompany.co.za 28 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Jobs, Tenders & Notices

JOB DESCRIPTION New Zealand High Commission Pretoria AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL SOUTH AFRICA 9DFDQF\±&RQVXODU2I¿FHU7HDP JOB TITLE Campaigner – South Africa Administrator (Properties)

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Kingdom of Lesotho Ministry of Health REQUEST FOR CVs- INDIVIDUAL CONSULTANT Terms of Reference: (Individual) Short Term Individual Consultant

ii. ([WHQVLYH H[SHULHQFH LQ SURMHFW ¿QDQFLDO PDQDJHPHQW DQG DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ DW OHDVW \HDUV LQ DEPARTMENT Project Implementing Unit implementation role) JOB TITLE Development of Project Implementation Manual iii. At least 10 years’ experience in the design and or implementing health or related projects/programs or preparing procedure manuals for guiding implementation of projects– Attach evidence PROJECT Lesotho Nutrition and Health System Strengthening iv. At least 5 years’ experience developing project manuals for World Bank projects. The incumbent Project (LNHSSP) VKRXOG KDYH H[WHQVLYH NQRZOHGJH RI :RUOG %DQN RSHUDWLRQV JXLGHOLQHV LQFOXGLQJ ¿GXFLDU\ DQG safeguards guidelines. RESPONSIBLE TO Project Coordinator Key Skills DATE OF ISSUE 3rd February 2020 i. Ability to work independently and be creative and innovative; and ability to work in a team; ii. Good listener with demonstrated ability to present and win support for ideas as well as make effective and timely decisions; Introduction iii. The Government of Lesotho (GOL) is planning to implement the Lesotho Nutrition and Health System *RRGPDVWHU\RIVWDQGDUGFRPSXWHUDSSOLFDWLRQV0LFURVRIW2I¿FH3DFNDJH iv. Excellent written and verbal communication skills in English. 6WUHQJWKHQLQJ 3URMHFW /1+663 ZLWK WKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 'HYHORSPHQW $VVRFLDWLRQ¶V ,'$ ¿QDQFLDO and technical support for a period of 5 years (2020 – 2025). This project aims to support the GOL in Outputs/Deliverables LPSOHPHQWLQJ D PXOWLVHFWRUDO DSSURDFK WR LPSURYH KHDOWK DQG QXWULWLRQ RXWFRPHV RYHU D ¿YH\HDU The Consultant is responsible for delivering of the following outputs: period. The project development objective is to increase utilization and quality of key nutrition and health services in Lesotho. Most of the interventions will be implemented nationwide. The LNHSSP No. Deliverables (soft copies) Tentative Timeframe Percentage of Output has four main components which include component 1) Community-based health and nutrition services; 1. Inception Report, including the proposed 15 days after 10% upon acceptance of the component 2) Improving health facility-based service delivery; component 3) Strengthen government methodology and work plan for contract signing. inception report stewardship, project management and monitoring and evaluation; and component 4) Contingency delivering the assignment after Emergency Response Component (CERC). initial phase of consultations. Component 1 consists of three subcomponents which will focus Strengthening Village Health Worker 2. Consolidate the manual and present 25 days after 50% upon acceptance of the (VHW) functions; 2) Support to Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) and 3) Support to the draft contract signing draft manual Adolescent Health of Boys and Girls through community-based school health days. 6XEPLVVLRQRIWKH¿QDOGUDIWRIWKH 30 days after 15% upon acceptance for Component 2 will focus on 2 subcomponents namely: 1) Quality and Bonus Financing for Strategic manual contract signing the Manual Purchasing to Eligible Health Facilities and; 2) Quality Improvement Training and Equipment. 4. Training major stakeholders and 40 days after 25% upon completion of the The three subcomponents for component 3 will focus on: 1) Building a Nutrition-Enabling Environment disseminating sessions (Final Report) contract signing training and acceptance of the WKURXJK6WUHQJWKHQLQJWKH)RRG1XWULWLRQDQG&RRUGLQDWLRQ2I¿FH2) Strengthening MOH Stewardship ¿QDOUHSRUW and M&E Capacities; and 3) Supporting Project Management, data collection, assessments, surveys, and TOTAL 40 days 100% regular project evaluations. The Ministry of Health (MOH) will be the fund holder and lead the project. MOH will be working with other MOET, water commission, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security and Food and Nutrition Management Arrangements &RRUGLQDWLQJ2I¿FH )1&2 7KHVWDNHKROGHUSUR¿OHLQFOXGHVYDULRXV02+GHSDUWPHQWVDQGXQLWVVXFK The consultant will be reporting directly to the Project Coordinator, who will manage, supervise and as Family Health, Planning and Statistics department, Human Resources, Supply Chain, Environmental guide the work plan. Health, Quality Assurance, National Health Training College (NHTC) and health facilities. The Ministry The Project Coordinator will put at the disposal of the selected Consultant all available materials, and of Health will be managing the project through the Project Implementing Unit (PIU). necessary information for tasks achievements as needed. During the assignment, the Consultant will use Objective of the assignment WKH2I¿FHIDFLOLWLHVRIWKH0LQLVWU\RI+HDOWKHJ2I¿FHVSDFHLQWHUQHWDFFHVVSULQWLQJFRS\LQJ The purpose of this assignment is to assist the GOL in: a) reviewing the mechanisms and modalities for Duration sound implementation arrangements for the project; and b) producing Project Implementation Manual The assignment shall be completed within 40 days of contract signing. (PIM). The manual will serve as the main reference for project staff and other stakeholders on project- Duty Station UHODWHGPDQDJHPHQWLPSOHPHQWDWLRQSURFXUHPHQWDQG¿QDQFLDODGPLQLVWUDWLRQ6SHFL¿FDOO\WKH3,0 will outline institutional arrangements, systems and procedures for project planning, implementation 7KHGXW\VWDWLRQVKDOOEHWKH0LQLVWU\RI+HDOWK+HDG2I¿FH0DVHUXZLWKSRVVLEOHYLVLWVDWSURMHFW¶V sites. PRQLWRULQJDFWLYLWLHV¿GXFLDU\DQGDGPLQLVWUDWLYHPDQDJHPHQWDQGHYDOXDWLRQRILPSDFWDWERWKQDWLRQDO and sub-national levels for implementing ministries and contracted entities. Consultant Responsibilities The PIM will have but not restricted to the following areas of focus: A) Financial operations; B) i. The Consultant shall be solely responsible for analysis and interpretation of data, reports, review, Procurement operations and contracting the service providers to support the implementation of the HWFIRUWKHSXUSRVHRIWKLVDVVLJQPHQWDQGIRUWKH¿QGLQJVFRQFOXVLRQVDQGUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVLQDOO project; C) Governance arrangements for the project; D) Project administration and Human resources requested Deliverables; management; E) Documentation, monitoring and evaluation, F) Implementation arrangements. ii. The Consultant will be responsible for their own accommodation, living expenses, communication expenses and relevant insurances. The Consultant is expected to use his/her own computer and cell The assignment will require a senior level consultant with proven record with design and development of phone. The work plan should also make allowance for the time and travel required for interaction FRPSOH[PDQXDOV7KHFRQVXOWDQWZLOOUHIHUWRRWKHUVSHFL¿FVWDQGDUGRSHUDWLQJSURFHGXUHVGHYHORSHGIRU with all the stakeholders. Sites visits plan will be proposed to the Consultant. key project’s instruments: Results Based Financing and Community-Based Service Delivery. He/She will iii. The Consultant will make all travel, meeting and other necessary arrangements for the assignment; receive inputs from the PIU team and other stakeholders. iv. Conduct of the Consultant: Duties and Responsibilities • The Consultant will be expected to carry out this assignment in an open and transparent manner, Drawing from key national documents of the MOH, the project Appraisal Document (PAD), and other with the highest degree of professionalism and integrity; documents and under the supervision of the Project Coordinator, the Consultant will support the PIU to • The Consultant will not, under any circumstances, take any action or be seen to be taking any prepare the PIM which will include interalia: actions, which may hinder or prevent the progress of the project. i. A brief but clear description of the project that includes some background information (e.g. context, Travel objectives, components, organisational framework, relations with other institutional participants, $OOHQYLVDJHGWUDYHOFRVWVPXVWEHLQFOXGHGLQWKH¿QDQFLDOSURSRVDO7KLVLQFOXGHVWUDYHOWRMRLQGXW\ etc); station as well as site visits and travel costs exceeding those of an economy class ticket will not be ii. Institutional arrangements within the MOH, and between all the participating ministries, institutions accepted. Should the Consultant wish to travel on a higher class he/she should do so using their own and contracted organisations; resources. iii. Detailed arrangements for overall implementation of the project (including, interalia, a description of the roles and responsibilities of the various institutional partners as needed) and develop a template Lump Sum Amount for service level agreement or memorandum of understanding to be signed between MOH and other 7KH SULFH IRU WKH ¿QDQFLDO SURSRVDO VKRXOG LQGLFDWH D ³/XPS 6XP$PRXQW´ IRU DOO FRVWV LQFOXGLQJ ministries/partners; SURIHVVLRQDOIHHVOLYLQJDOORZDQFHDQGFRPPXQLFDWLRQ7KHFRQVXPDEOHVGXULQJ¿HOGUHODWHGPLVVLRQV iv. The guidelines and processes for preparation of annual work-plans; travel, etc. that could possibly be incurred by the Consultant need to be factored in and should be included v. Procedures for implementation of each project component and subcomponent including performance- DV³5HLPEXUVDEOHV´LQWRWKHSURSRVHGSULFH$GHWDLOEUHDNGRZQRIDOOWKHFRVWVVKRXOGEHSURYLGHGLQ based contracting of non-state actors under the project; WKH¿QDQFLDOSURSRVDO vi. 'UDZLQJIURPH[LVWLQJGRFXPHQWDWLRQ¿QDQFLDOPDQDJHPHQWDQGSURFXUHPHQWSURFHVVHVIRUWKH Payment project (detailed chapters to be included in line with the Kingdom of Lesotho processes and World 3D\PHQWVIRUWKLV&RQVXOWDQF\ZLOOEHEDVHGRQDSSURYDORIHDFKGHOLYHUDEOHDQGFHUWL¿FDWLRQWKDWHDFK %DQN¿GXFLDU\SURFHVVHV has been satisfactorily completed in accordance with this terms of reference. Payments will not be based vii. Governance of the project including detailed processes and procedures to guide all the structures – on the number of days worked but on the completion and acceptance of each stated deliverable within High level committee and steering committees including the link to other existing structures such as indicated timeframes. the Nutrition coordination technical working group; Attention of interested Consultants is drawn to paragraph 1.9 of the World Bank’s Guidelines: Selection viii. Include a chapter summarising the Environmental and social safeguards procedures detailing for example the stakeholder engagement processes and complaint handling mechanism in relation to and Employment of Consultants by World Bank Borrowers, January 2011 (revised July 2014). the project to enhance accountability for service delivery at national, district , health facility and ³&RQVXOWDQW*XLGHOLQHV´ VHWWLQJIRUWKWKH:RUOG%DQN¶VSROLF\RQFRQÀLFWRILQWHUHVW community levels; $OO DSSOLFDWLRQV VKRXOG EH LQ (QJOLVK DQG PXVW EH SURSHUO\ ¿OOHG LQ DQG EH FRXULHU ZLWK WKH VXEMHFW ix. Include procedures for human resources or personnel engaged under the project and other “Expression of Interest for “Development of Project Implementation Manual” or hand delivered to administrative procedures such as asset management, etc the below address. x. Include development and inclusion of the revised Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for Result Expressions of interest must be delivered in a written and hard Copy form to the address below in person, Based Financing (RBF) scheme and the Community-Based Service delivery instruments. on or before 20th February, 2020 12h00 Local time. xi. Support MOH PIU to provide sensitisations and in depth training on procedures stipulated in the PIM. Attn: M Moeketsi-Procurement Specialist and copy Procurement Manager 4XDOL¿FDWLRQDQG([SHULHQFH Procurement Unit, Ground Floor, Ministry Of Health Headquarters ,Corner Constitution i. Advanced degree in Public health or Health care management or administration; OR Business Road & Linare Road P. O. Box 514, Maseru 100, Lesotho, Tel:(+266) 27323277 or email. administration in health care management; [email protected] mg_11483 30 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Jobs, Tenders & Notices Compensation Fund Vacancies

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TENDER NOTICE: ‘Procurement of a Transactional Advisor for the bidding and contracting of a Property Developer to build LRA Headquarters’ Reference: LRA/BE/01/02/2020 TENDER NOTICE 7KH /HVRWKR 5HYHQXH$XWKRULW\ LQYLWHV LQWHUHVWHG DQG TXDOL¿HG YHQGRUV FRPSDQLHV ¿UPV WR VXEPLWSURSRVDOVIRURIIHULQJµ7UDQVDFWLRQDO$GYLVRU\6HUYLFHV¶GXULQJWKHELGGLQJDQGFRQWUDFWLQJ Samaritan’s Purse is a non-denominational evangelical Christian organization providing spiritual SKDVHRIEXLOGLQJWKH/HVRWKR5HYHQXH$XWKRULW\ /5$ +HDGTXDUWHUV7KH7UDQVDFWLRQDO$GYLVRU and physical aid to hurting people around the world. Since 1970, Samaritan’s Purse has helped VKDOO SURYLGH WHFKQLFDO VXSSRUW DQG DGYLVRU\ VHUYLFHV WR WKH$XWKRULW\ LQ FRQFOXGLQJ D SURMHFW meet needs of people who are victims of war, poverty, natural disasters, disease, and famine with ¿QDQFLQJGHDO7KH%LGGHUPXVWEHUHDG\WRGHOLYHUWKHZRUNXSRQWKHDZDUGRIWKHWHQGHU$OO the purpose of sharing God’s love through his Son, Jesus Christ. The organization serves the SRWHQWLDO%LGGHUVPXVWEHLQSRVVHVVLRQRIDSURYHQWUDFNUHFRUGRISURYLGLQJDGYLVRU\VHUYLFHV Church worldwide to promote the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ. RIDVLPLODUQDWXUH

$OOELGGHUVPXVWDWWDFKFHUWL¿HGFRSLHVRIYDOLG7D[&OHDUDQFH&HUWL¿FDWHVDQG&RPSDQ\ Samaritan’s Purse International Relief in South Sudan is inviting submissions of tenders to 5HJLVWUDWLRQ/LFHQFHVRUHTXLYDOHQWVELGVZLWKRXWWKHVHGRFXPHQWVVKDOOEHGLVTXDOL¿HG provide Vehicle Parts as summarized in the following 5 sub-categories 7KH5HTXHVWIRU3URSRVDO 5)3 GRFXPHQWLQGLFDWLQJDOOUHTXLUHPHQWVDQGVSHFL¿FDWLRQVPD\EH FROOHFWHGIURPWKHDGGUHVVVWDWHGEHORZIURPWKHWK)HEUXDU\DP$QDOWHUQDWLYH 1. LPR12-19-008JBA - T1 SAKOM & SAMAG Parts IRUHPDLOLQJWKH5)3LVDOVRRIIHUHGDQGELGGHUV ZKRPD\KDYHLQWHUHVWPD\FRQWDFWWKHHPDLO EHORZIRUDVVLVWDQFH 2. LPR12-19-006JBA - T1 Unimog Parts 3. LPR01-20-004JBA - T1 & T2 Unimog Parts Terms and Conditions: 7HQGHUGRFXPHQWVZLOOEHDYDLODEOHDWDQRQUHIXQGDEOHWHQGHUGHSRVLWRI5 4. LPR12-19-005JBA - T1 Mitsubishi Parts 7KHSULFHTXRWHGLQWKH%LGVPXVWEHLQ0DORWL5DQGDQGLQFOXGHDOODSSOLFDEOHWD[HVDQGGXWLHV 5. LPR02-20-005JBA - T1 Komatsu Engine Overhaul Parts 7KH%LGVPXVWEHVXEPLWWHGQRWODWHUWKDQ12:00 hours on the 10th March 2020 and they shall EHRSHQHGVDPHGD\DWKRXUV 7HQGHUVUHFHLYHGODWHUWKDQWKHDERYHPHQWLRQHGGHDGOLQHWHOHJUDSKLFID[HGRUHOHFWURQLF 'HWDLOHGWHFKQLFDOVSHFL¿FDWLRQVDUHLQFOXGHGZLWKLQWKHWHQGHUGRFXPHQWV,I\RXDUHLQWHUHVWHG tenders ZLOOQRWEHDFFHSWHG in submitting a tender, please contact the tender committee at 'HWDLOHGWHQGHUSDFNDJLQJDQGODEHOOLQJUHTXLUHPHQWVLQWKH5HTXHVWIRU3URSRVDO 5)3 PXVW [email protected] to express your interest and request for the tender be adhered to or this shall lead to GLVTXDOL¿FDWLRQ documents. Important indicative dates:

Kindly submit your bids Quoting both DDP – Juba and EX works price options. Action Date ,VVXH5)3 WK)HEUXDU\ It is recommended to request the tender documents as soon as possible. Enquiries )LQDOGDWHWRVXEPLWZULWWHQTXHVWLRQVRQO\ HPDLOIRUPDW WK)HEUXDU\ regarding this tender should also be directly sent to [email protected] &RPSXOVRU\3UHELGPHHWLQJ WK)HEUXDU\ 2QO\ELGGHUVZKRKDYHSDLGWKHWHQGHUGHSRVLWVKDOODWWHQG #DP)LQDQFH Complete tender documents addressed to the Procurement Committee - Samaritan’s Purse South WKHSUHELGPHHWLQJ +RXVH/5$ Sudan – should be submitted via email to [email protected] quoting the Tender Reference 0DVHUX Number and the Category name in the email subject line. 'LVWULEXWLRQRITXHVWLRQVDQGDQVZHUVWRDOOELGGHUV HPDLO QG0DUFK IRUPDW Your complete tender must be received on or before 6th March 2020 at 5.00 PM, East Africa )LQDOGDWHIRUVXEPLVVLRQRI%LGGHUSURSRVDOVLQUHVSRQVHWR WK0DUFK# Time. Late bids will not be considered. WKH5)3 3XEOLFRSHQLQJRIWKHELGV WK0DUFK# Samaritan’s Purse South Sudan does not bind itself to award the tender to the lowest bidder and

reserves the right to accept the whole or part of this tender. $OOWHQGHUVPXVWEHGHOLYHUHGWR7KH6HFUHWDU\±7HQGHU&RPPLWWHH /HVRWKR5HYHQXH$XWKRULW\*RYHUQPHQW&RPSOH[3KDVH,,,&QU.LQJVZD\5RDGDQG2OG +LJK&RXUW5RDG)LQDQFH+RXVH*URXQG)ORRU2I¿FH1XPEHU Thank you for your interest in doing business with us 11489M&G $Q\TXHULHVFRQFHUQLQJWKLVWHQGHUVKRXOGEHDGGUHVVHGWRWKH6HFUHWDU\RI7KH7HQGHU &RPPLWWHHDWWKLVHPDLODGGUHVVVXSSO\FKDLQPDQDJHPHQW#OUDRUJOV & 11486M&G Mail Guardianwww.mg.co.za Academics & Courses CONTACT: Ilizma 063 026 7450 Call for proposals from Consultancy Firm Vanessa 011 250 7450 Brief project Proof-Reading, Editing and Layout of Knowledge Products on climate-smart Lesedi 011 250 7430 title Agriculture for the Centre for Agricultural Research and Development in Southern Africa (CCARDESA) Commissioning Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH REQUEST FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST (EOI) party *,=2I¿FH*DERURQH1HZ&%'VW)ORRU6RXWK:LQJ0RUXOD+RXVH EOI REF NO. JSI/SA20-001 3ORW32%R[*DERURQH%RWVZDQD Tel: Fax:Internet: www.giz.de 1DPHRISURMHFWGHVFULSWLRQ5HTXHVWIRU([SUHVVLRQRI,QWHUHVWIRU9HQGRU3UHTXDOL¿FDWLRQIRUWKH procurement of stationery goods. Your contact Ms. Dimpho Keitseng Email: [email protected] person is Issuance Date: January 24, 2020 Contract no. Deadline for Receipt of EOI: )HEUXDU\WKDWKUV Submission email only to: [email protected] Country of 6$'&UHJLRQ KRPHEDVHGZLWKWUDYHOWR%RWVZDQD Point of Contact:7UDF\1JZHQ\D3URFXUHPHQW2I¿FHUHPDLODGGUHVV7UDF\B1JZHQ\D#]DMVL assignment com or landline +27 12 346 7490 Period of Company Address: 138 Muckleneuk St, Nieuw Muckleneuk, Pretoria, 0181 ± assignment $OOTXHVWLRQVDQGUHTXHVWVIRUFODUL¿FDWLRQUHJDUGLQJWKLV(2,PXVWEHVXEPLWWHGLQZULWLQJQRW Project The GIZ Adaptation to Climate Change in Rural Areas in Southern Africa ODWHUWKDQKUVRQ)HEUXDU\WKWRSURFXUHPHQW#]DMVLFRP4XHVWLRQVUHFHLYHGDIWHU description (ACCRA) program is supporting CCARDESA in developing knowledge WKLVGDWHPD\QRWEHFRQVLGHUHG and sector products and studies on climate change and agriculture. One of CCARDESA’s role is to disseminate knowledge e.g. through its online platform where these Procurement Description: products are visible and made accessible to users within the SADC region and -6, 3XEOLF +HDOWK *URXS KHUHLQ UHIHUUHG WR DV ³-6,´ LV VROLFLWLQJ (2,¶V IRU WKH SURYLVLRQ RI EH\RQG7KHSURGXFWVH[LVWLQ(QJOLVK)UHQFKDQG3RUWXJXHVH*,=LVVHHNLQJ 6WDWLRQHU\*RRGVWKDWDUHRIKLJKTXDOLW\DWFRPSHWLWLYHUDWHVWKDWFDQEHGHOLYHUHGHI¿FLHQWO\ WRHQJDJHDFRQVXOWDQF\¿UPWRSURRIUHDGHGLWDQGOD\RXWWKHVHGRFXPHQWVWR WR SURMHFW RI¿FHV 7KLV SURFXUHPHQW LV IXQGHG E\ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV $JHQF\ IRU ,QWHUQDWLRQDO a high-quality state ready for publishing/printing. 'HYHORSPHQW 86$,' DQGLVVXEMHFWWRDOODSSOLFDEOH)HGHUDO$FTXLVLWLRQ5HJXODWLRQV )$5 DQG

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7KLV(2,LVWKH¿UVWSKDVHRIWKHSUHTXDOL¿FDWLRQSURFHVV7KLVGRFXPHQWLVDUHTXHVW 7KH DSSOLFDWLRQ SDFNDJH PXVW EH DGGUHVVHG WR Deutsche Gesellschaft IRUH[SUHVVLRQRILQWHUHVWRQO\DQGLQQRZD\REOLJDWHV-6,RULWVGRQRUWRSUHTXDOLI\ IU,QWHUQDWLRQDOH=XVDPPHQDUEHLW *,= *PE+*,=2I¿FH*DERURQH1HZ RUPDNHDQ\DZDUG-6,PD\UHMHFWDQ\RUDOOUHVSRQVHVRUFDQFHOWKHSUHTXDOL¿FDWLRQ &%'VW)ORRU6RXWK:LQJ0RUXOD+RXVH3ORW1HZ&%'*DERURQH process. %RWVZDQDRU329LOODJH*DERURQH%RWVZDQD 11468M&G 11484M&G 32 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Books South Africa’s gift to the world

Behind JM Coetzee, the writer tence reflected my own response; I too felt that “I have never seen anything like it,” as the lauded for his ‘wonderfully Magistrate says of Colonel Joll’s dark glasses. brave, bold mind’ , is John Written in the late 1970s, partly in response to Steve Biko’s murder in detention by the apart- Coetzee, the quiet man heid security state’s agents, the novel examines notions of complicity with and implication in Angelo Fick injustice. Realising that such writing could be done, and by someone from the same marginal n February 9 2020 JM Coet- part of the world in which I found myself, sig- zee, long considered among the nalled a sea change in my intellectual life. preeminent writers of his times, Over the past 46 years all of Coetzee’s books Oturns 80. His gifts as a writer have enthralled and challenged readers. Never have been widely recognised. He one to accept trite solutions to larger ques- won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2003, tions of ethics and responsibility, his explora- and the Booker Prize in 1983 and 1999. Behind tion of the human condition may at times be the eminence of JM Coetzee the writer is a disturbing, but it is always rewarding. In the deeply private man, John Coetzee, shy of the Heart of the Country (1977) asks readers to public attention which attends the publica- confront the torsions of power and tensions tion of writing done, ironically, in solitude. beneath traditional notions of rural idyll in My first encounter with JM Coetzee occurred figurations of the pastoral in South Africa. The at 16 when I read a library copy of Waiting Booker Prize-winning Life & Times of Michael for the Barbarians (1980). Its opening sen- K (1983), and Age of Iron (1990) tell the stories of people caught up in the spectacular conflagrations of history (real or imag- ined); the lot of billions the world over. Coetzee’s ethical vision allowed him % %"$ $!% to show how the “deformed and stunted "$%$%$$"%# %! $ relations between human beings that !$# %%! #!% $%$%% were created under colonialism and #"#% #% exacerbated under what is loosely called ! % " #%#"# apartheid have their psychic representa- %"$"% tions in a deformed and stunted inner life” (Jerusalem Prize Acceptance Speech, 1987). This diagnosis was echoed by Njabulo Ndebele in his seminal essay on the politics of the English language in South Africa. Coetzee’s excoriating exami- nations of “the burden of consciousness” (whether as novelist or essayist, as critic or teacher) often centred on the Formidable: JM Coetzee is the winner of numerous awards, including the 2003 Nobel prize paradoxes of white South African life, the for literature. As a teenager Coetzee took photos of his family, school, his uncle’s farm and ! ! ! ! concerns of “people no longer European, this self-portrait. Photos: Micheline Pelletier/Corbis/Getty Images and JM Coetzee not yet African” as he suggested in White !!! ! ! Writing (1988). One recalls apartheid he renewed this concern with ethical conduct, to Coetzee’s gift as a teacher. ! !!! ! signage referred to white people as humanity and political responsibility. “Europeans”; one thinks of post-apart- In the last, paranoid year of apartheid oris Lessing, in her 2007 Nobel Prize heid yearnings for European habits of South Africa’s existence, I was a student in an acceptance speech, lauded Coetzee ! ! being that echo what Coetzee in 1987 Honours seminar led by Coetzee on the 18th- Das part of the great tradition of writ- diagnosed as “a sentimental yearning … century English novel. Once a week, over a ers whom she held in awe. She even ! ! to have fraternity without paying for it”. semester, seven of us met for two hours in expressed the wish that she could have been a the afternoon to discuss the works of Daniel student in his classes at the University of Cape ut while he indicated that his Defoe, Henry Fielding, Samuel Richardson Town, where he had served as professor of lit- ! ! work “suffer[ed] from the same and Laurence Sterne. But these meetings in erature for two decades. I am humbled to be Bstuntedness and deformity” the attic of what was then the Arts Block, now among those students envied by Lessing. ! ! that blighted the inner life in renamed for the African intellectual, Archie But most people will know Coetzee’s fine colonial and apartheid South Africa — Mafeje, were not escapes from the violence and mind, his formidable intellect, from his many (3.)4/.34)2 41.424'$33-#$210 analogous to what Abdullah Ibrahim violations that went on beyond the classroom. books. A few of us have had the gift of his called “the madness of South Africa” in On the contrary. instruction. In February this year, the Amazwi $2034 /%043(3013.#34+/4$3-(4021,34 Lee Hirsch’s Amandla: A Revolution in In the middle of the semester Chris Hani South African Museum of Literature will host 2'203.3,,4/&4(3/(-34'1+$4)1,21-1+13, Four-Part Harmony (2002) — his ethi- was assassinated. I was 20 years old. Things in Coetzee for the opening of Scenes from the cal vision pushed through local pecu- South Africa looked bleak. Even the present felt South, an exhibition in honour of his 80th 21.424.3'4(30,(3#+134/.4-1&3 liarity. It allowed Philip Glass to adapt uncertain at that time; there was no guarantee birthday. The exhibition will be on display Waiting for the Barbarians as an opera, that little more than a year later the edifice of in Makhanda until July 6, after which it will remarking on the human condition in the white supremacist apartheid state would be moved to the Harry Ransom Center at the 3-(4021,34&%.),4+/'20),4+$34#2034/&4/%04 light of the rendition and detention probe gone. Coetzee led his students through dis- University of Texas in Austin (where Coetzee ,(3#12-42.!3-,4'1+$4 /%04)/.2+1/.4/&4 *4*** grammes run by the regime of George cussions of the emergence of the sentimental completed his doctoral studies). -20!34#/0(/02+3,4/04*4***4, 2--4%,1.3,, Bush II in the United States prison camp tradition in English letters — the notion of “Other people’s stories may become part 1.&-%3.+12-41.)11)%2-, at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba, and at Abu “fellow feeling”, a kind of profound empathy of your own, the foundation of it, the ground Ghraib in Iraq. I sat on a train for eight that suggested imagining oneself into the emo- it goes on,” Ursula K Le Guin wrote in Gifts 242.)443.3&1+,4&/04 /%04#/ (2. hours to travel from Amsterdam to Erfurt tional life of another was politically crucial (2004). Coetzee is a gift to South Africa and, in in Germany to see the premiere perfor- for a more just way of living. But he also con- many senses, one of South Africa’s gifts to the mance of the opera. It was worth the nected these two centuries-old texts with the world. As Simòn says of Don Quixote in The ! ! effort to see two such fine minds confront present. We explored, with Coetzee, how the Death of Jesus (2019), Coetzee’s latest novel: -1++-33)3."/0!"2+3-"4*4 *4*44 notions of responsibility and accountabil- engendering of “race” in Southern Africa could “If he had really abominated his stories ... [h]e /0403!1,+304/.-1.342+4'''"-1++-33)3."/0!"2 ity in a work of such profound depth and be contrasted with and connected to the devel- would have stayed at home with his horse and ** 4 beauty. Coetzee returned to these ques- opments in Protestant thinking in 18th-century his dog, watching the clouds cross the sky, hop- tions of ethics and humanity in Diary of Europe and England. This way of reading, of ing for rain, eating coarse bread and onions for a Bad Year (2007), broadening his cri- being taught to reread, has been invaluable for supper. He would never have been recognised, tique to his adopted country, Australia. understanding so much of what has happened let alone become famous.” Recently, in an essay on Behrouz in South Africa before, then and since. That We are grateful to John Coetzee the shy Boochani’s No Friend But the Mountains it happened in a class on literature written in man who gave us the masterful writing of JM (2019) for The New York Review of Books, another time and in another place is testimony Coetzee. Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 33 Television

BoityBoitylicious: Screengrabs from Boity’stakes reality show, Own Your Throne control. The first episode of 13 in the season was broadcast of on BET Africaher on Wednesday story

Reality shows such as task and theme changes, the show’s episodes tend to follow this same Own Your Throne may humdrum order. But covered in be banal, but affluence affluence, the monotony continues to look attractive week after week. Yet attracts viewers celebrities with reality shows continue to make waves that result in Zaza Hlalethwa countless memes, trending hashtags and increased online followers. hit, in celebrity years “There’s a concept in media stud- I’m a grandma,” ies known as the super peer,” says scoffs Boity Thulo Oupa Makhalemele, the acting ‘S(30). The television research manager in the research, personality-turned- policy and advocacy unit of the rapper sits in one of Viacom’s com- Film and Publication Board (FPB). mon rooms for a series of media According to Makhalemele, a super interviews in preparation for the peer is someone in the public sphere debut of her reality show, Own Your who seems to have their life under Throne, on BET Africa. control. After playing the fame game Through information garnered for 10 years, Thulo uses the word from focus groups, the FPB has “exhausting”, a sigh, and an eye roll found that, without knowing it, view- to describe the highs and lows that ers who consume this often blemish- she has experienced so far. “There’s free, self-correcting, adversity-free no such thing as normal, I always curation end up immersing them- have to anticipate being seen and selves in the lives of the people they discussed.” In spite of her fatigue, see portrayed. “This is where binge- she has committed herself to a life in watching comes in,” Makhalemele the limelight because she doesn’t see Friends and family: In her new reality show, Own Your Throne, Boity (centre) is supported by her mom, adds. herself doing it any other way. Modiehi Thulo (left); her dog, Asante; and her BFF, Bob Sithole. Photos: Supplied Of the 13 episodes that will make Own Your Throne is produced up the first season, Thulo is yet to by veteran production house, Red candid self now that she is finan- pies. Apart from the seemingly can- day business and facing minor adver- film the last three. To actualise Own Pepper Pictures, which pitched cially and socially secure enough to did interactions with her mom and sities, such as having to deal with a Your Throne, she and Red Pepper the idea to Thulo for three years do so. a glimpse into Thulo’s ubungoma make-up artist running late. There’s Pictures had to work out a filming before she was interested. She says Much like its predecessors, the first practice, the show follows a conven- always a supporting cast member schedule on a weekly basis. As much she eventually assented to the idea episode of Own Your Throne allows tional formula. Viewers see a cel- whose narrative is used much like as the show is reality, it’s television because she felt as if she owed it to the viewer into the affluent and safe ebrated figure in their home, driving b-roll in between scenes about the that needs to be filmed by a crew who her supporters to show them her spaces that the protagonist occu- their SUV, going about their day to sterring. With the exception of outfit, needs to be paid. “It costs money so we can’t have a camera crew following me 24-7,” Thulo says. Instead, the schedule ensures that the crew is Giving the people what they want to watch there to film when Thulo has something worthy of being captured. Own Your Throne is the first local reference library for quotable lines local series on Showmax in 2019, After its premier in the second When the Mail & Guardian asks reality show to air on BET, but that can be transferred into our four were reality shows: The Real week of the year, Kwa Mam’Mkhize about how scripted Own Your it follows formats similar to the everyday lives, but they do not serve Housewives of Johannesburg, Being has already made Showmax’s Throne set out to be, Thulo says likes of Nonhle Goes to Hollywood the audience. Instead, they work at Bonang, The Bachelor SA and Boer top-seven most streamed list for viewers will see “things that I was (Vuzu), Dineo’s Diary (Vuzu), Being getting viewers to talk about their Soek ’n Vrou.” January. already going to do, I just happened Bonang (One Magic), Living the protagonists. So far 2020 has seen Kwa The Showmax newsletter to schedule in a camera crew. I’m too Dream with Somizi (Mzansi Magic), Once the duty of serving the pro- Mam’Mkhize following suit. This describes the reality show as “a old to be scripting shit,” she laughs. and Have Faith (MTV Base). tagonist is fulfilled, reality shows show documents the post-divorce- huge hit on Twitter, where the com- So, as well as refreshing an exist- In a journal article titled Star of this nature benefit the platforms life of Durban-based business mentary is almost as entertaining ing public figure’s portfolio — in Image, Celebrity Reality Television that choose to broadcast them. mogul, Shauwn Mkhize. Kwa as the show”. This illustrates the the case of mainstay names such as and the Fame Cycle, Ruth Deller In a newsletter targeted at the Mam’Mkhize is broadcast on DStv’s way in which reality shows serve Thulo, Bonang Matheba and Somizi from Sheffield Hallam University media, on-demand streaming plat- Mzansi Magic and produced by The broadcasters and streaming plat- Mhlongo — what reality shows offer argues that, depending on the conform, Showmax said it appears as BarLeader, the production com- forms by causing national social their protagonists is the opportunity tent and the status that the figure if reality television is taking over pany behind the reality series Being media engagement that encour- to steer the public’s perceptions in a is afforded beforehand, reality TV in South Africa. The newsletter Bonang and upcoming wedding spe- ages more viewers to consume the favourable direction. Thulo says she shows can help household names reads: “Of the 10 most-streamed cial, The Somizi & Mohale Union. content. hopes that the show rids people of “expand, enterprise, enhance, “It’s about what people want to any ideas that make it seem as if she exhume or exit” their fame. see,” says Monde Twala, the vice- is a people-pleaser. “I look forward Here in South Africa, it’s almost president of the South African divi- to the days when I no longer have as if shows of this kind have sion of Viacom that runs BET Africa to censor myself and slowly work become a rite of passage for house- and MTV Base. These channels, at showing people the real me,” she hold names. This is fitting in a together with Mzansi Magic, One says, sitting at the edge of her seat. market in which charismatic folk Magic and Moja Love, broadcast With regards to self-inflicted sur- are no longer at the mercy of mod- the bulk of South Africa’s local real- veillance and ensuring that she and elling agencies, presenter-search ity shows. her family continue to be safe and television shows and radio shows Although Twala doesn’t directly are provided a level of privacy, Thulo to become popular. YouTube, speak to why there is an increasing says she could agree to having a real- Instagram, podcasts and Twitter number of reality shows on these ity show only if she could have the have put the public-figure label channels, he says, “If you just look final say on what can and can’t be within reach. In this context, reality at social media and the level of fol- captured. For instance, the camera shows offer prestige, as they keep lowing that [Thulo, Lasizwe and crew is allowed in her house and the long-standing public figures Faith Nketsi] have on social media, backyard, but never upstairs where in the limelight, while the new- obviously there’s something there her and her mother’s bedrooms and age social media figures flood our that audiences are interested in. bathrooms are situated. “Why would timelines. Rite of passage: The Somizi & Mohale Union is a forthcoming reality That’s why we buy into it.” — Zaza you want to know what my bed looks Reality shows may be a kind of wedding special, produced by The BarLeader. Photo: Nkatekoda Hlalethwa like — that’s literally none of anyone’s business,” she says. 34 Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 Music Levin initiates cycle of freedom

The guitarist is growing into his groove, with a new concept album launching soon

Gwen Ansell

inety percent of the people who come across this music,” speculates guitarist Vuma ‘NLevin, “may not listen to it beyond the first half-minute of the first track.” He’s discussing his fourth album as a leader, Antique Spoons. Two singles were released on January 20 (Palmas) and February 3 (Promenade), and the full album is due to launch at the Wits Theatre on February 29. The comment isn’t artfully crafted to elicit denials. Levin’s simply describing how a commercial music market that predominantly streams disaggregated single tracks is shaping our ears: “That’s how people listen these days,” he says resignedly. “Even I find I have to con- sciously create time to listen. “But Antique Spoons was conceived to be heard in its entirety, including the three short films we’ve made to accompany it.” The films (made by Dylan Valley and Jurgen Meekle) and the nine tracks together comprise a story whose chapters deal with “love, loss and the politics of memory”. Related themes, centred on exploring and asserting the nuances of African identity, have been consistent in Levin’s work since his 2015 debut, The Spectacle of An-Other. Revolutionary psychoanalyst Frantz Fanon describes in The Wretched of the Earth how “colonialism forces the people it dominates to ask themselves the question constantly: ‘In reality, who am I?’” and that’s been a leitmotif of Levin’s becoming, as both an African nationalist and a musician. Appropriately for a jazzman, the process of that becoming has been hot and cool. Hot, in that it’s emotional and personal. Levin is the son of a black Swati mother and a white South African father, exploring identity in the tur- moil of post-apartheid South Africa, amid the surface liberalism of the Netherlands where he studied, and now back home. Cool, because his praxis is increasingly informed by rigor- ous postcolonial theory (Fanon is one source; Achille Mbembe another), an unsparing work ethic and a distilled approach to composing. “My usual composition process is to take x amount of material and deliberately render down that harvesting. [The Antique Spoons suite] is based on recycling three or four melodic, harmonic or rhythmic motifs throughout.”

here’s more to the album than the suite. Short interludes have been cre- Tated by South African composer Cara Stacey on a variety of indigenous instruments, on which the quintet (Levin, reed- man Bernard van Rossum, keys player Xavi Torres Vincente, bassist Marco Zenini and drummer Jeroen van Batterink) subsequently Hot and cool: Jazz guitarist Vuma Levin’s fourth album, Antique Spoons, will be launched at the end of February. Photo: Delwyn Verasamy improvise. There, the compositional process is reversed: “Cara’s sounds evoke experiences; ing to a major label might be very hard for my and shares stages with mentors like Feya Faku worth far more than Levin’s speculative 30 sec- the meaning becomes clear later,” says Levin. music — ‘You don’t have a South African sound’ and Marcus Wyatt, whom he used to place on onds of your time. “I’m very concerned with how history and or ‘We couldn’t market you as an African’ a distant pedestal. He’s relaxed into the sup- Some things, though, can never be expressed memory find their way into modes of being, “But even if musical signifiers of ‘Africanness’ portive politics of improvisation in the group. through gentle allusion. The album’s clos- relating, conceptualising, and reading symbols aren’t there, the questions about identity “Our personal relationships have deepened over ing interlude, A Cockroach at the Intersection, in the present,” Levin adds. If the track titles always are. This music, composed over the time. Now I realise that even if they’re ‘better’ stands in sharp sonic contrast to the rest. Its often refer to places, objects and happenings two years since I’ve been home, was written than me, we still love one another. In terms of textures are painfully abrasive, visceral and in his own history, it’s because “events are the from the vantage points of not only Jo’burg the dynamic of the group I’m more conscious of violent. “I was walking towards the robots at intersection of space and time”. but Basel, Amsterdam and even Spain. Black giving and energy, rather than the specifics of a Fourth and Riviera in Killarney, when sud- Take, for example, the title track, Antique Africans in the 21st century can live in those solo. Actually, it’s always been like that — but it denly a some guys from a car emptied a can Spoon. “Oh yes, there is a real spoon. It was a gift places — but in a provisional, ephemeral way took me a while to grasp it.” of Doom in the face of the guy who stands and from someone who’d been very central in my that makes establishing a life in the Global begs there. It happened so fast. They’d gone life. But the metaphor embodies so much else North, sustaining relationships, falling in love, erhaps partly because of that, Levin again before I could stop them. Nobody else too: the tension between a personally precious, very difficult. People don’t realise how moving is happy with Antique Spoons. even slowed down, as if this was an everyday, domestic object and how it becomes an ‘antique’ around spreads you so thin.” P“Compositionally and guitaristically — normal event. It made me reflect that, on a and thus commercially valuable. Historical Yet through their intense, empathetic col- if that’s a word — it’s probably my most smaller scale, it is. ” assignations placing that kind of weight on laboration, Levin’s relationship with his Europe- successful album. My three albums as leader He’s momentarily silent, visibly shaken even something are often deeply political.” based co-players has stayed strong. He’s often seem to have been moving towards some by remembering. And yet that horrifying inter- As with “antique”, so, Levin feels, with discussed feeling hesitant about his own musi- kind of accessible, clear, own voice: less literal section remains a part of the road Levin travels. “African”. “Dominant discourses have often cianship, because he started a jazz career rela- and ..?” — I suggest, and he agrees — “more It’s Fanon, again, who gives us good words allowed only one way of being ‘black’ or tively late: at 20. That’s receding now. He’s more allusive”. to describe the guitarist’s journey: “In the ‘African’. Often, it’s quite a performative thing: at ease in his relationship with his instrument To listening ears, the album offers warm, world in which I travel, I am endlessly creating ideas of ‘blackness’ that can be most easily (something evident in his body language on appealing textures alongside searching, tech- myself. And it is by going beyond the historical, commodified in the capitalist marketplace. I’ve stage). He’s older, no longer studying — “where nically fierce musicianship, capturing sound- instrumental hypothesis that I will initiate my had discussions making it very clear that sign- you worry a lot about how people hear you” — scapes of hope and joy as well as regret. It’s cycle of freedom.” Mail & Guardian February 7 to 13 2020 35 Art THE PORTFOLIO Bale Legoabe I attended the National School of the Arts from 2010 - 2013. My main discipline was drama. During the course of my grade 9 year, I saw this drawing at a students’ exhibition that I thought was really cool. I started drawing from that moment on and my love for art started overtak- ‘ing my love for drama. I showed my mom a folder with all my artwork in it and she wouldn’t let me switch from drama to art. She felt that we’d already invested so much into drama. It took a year for me to convince my parents, but finally, in 2012, my grade eleven year, I made the switch from drama to art. I started studying at The Open Window Institute in 2014. I chose to specialise in illustration and then went on to add motion design when I was in second year. Initially it was stop motion-based, and as the course went on we started working on digital animation. There are similarities between art and drama. They are both forms of emotional expression. I just like that you can communicate through a picture in illustration. It forces a different dialogue because people read different things into the illustration. People come from different back- grounds and they bring themselves into that image. In my digital collage works I always use animals, plants, people and organic subject matter. Recently I’ve been taking photographs of buck and working with those in my artwork. I find them very beautiful from a design perspective; when they bend down to drink and when they stand in groups. I just like the aes- thetics of that. It’s meditative when youre sitting down laying out an image. It feels like a puzzle. Over the years, my approach to composition has changed a little bit. I love how you can visually please or distrub someone just through composition. A few years ago, my approach was of a buck on the page or a line, or expression in art kind of go hand collective body of work, multiple sets up in the second half of the year. I am more about putting things in order an emotion. Sometimes it is playing in hand for me. Difficult experi- of meaning can be created. It was thinking of ideas around what those and presenting visually clean things. with a composition and seeing how ences are generally more complex to interesting collaborating with peo- will be about and starting to create Now I am interested in disrupting those things go together or it could depict than happy things. ple I didn’t know, across mediums. the work. In Cape Town I will exhibit that order, offsetting things a little be a vaccilation between emotion Working on Occupying the Fatuous For example, Felix Laband is a musi- digital collages and in Joburg I will bit and complicating composition. and a well-composed image. State of Severity, for me, goes back to cian, so it was interesting to see how exhibit traditional mixed media col- There is usually no set formula to I have realised that these choices how art creates dialogue, especially expansive a topic can be. It was liter- lages — all of them handmade. how an image forms for me. If it is a go with my experiences in life. My among several artworks in commu- ally collaborating to learn. digital collage, it could be an image emotional experiences and my nication with each other. Within a I have two solo exhibitions coming Artwork title: 2kay9teen, 2019 DON’T MISS

Kings of the World: This is a dark information visit everard-read- Vusi Beauchamp, Vuyolwethu comedy and takes place in a sub- capetown.co.za or call 021 418 4527. Ndakisa, Jodi Bieber, Lunga urban garden cottage where three Ntila, Banele Khoza, Mashudu people unpack their neuroses Future Without N: Jonathan Nevhutalu, Nkhensani Mkhari, and shortcomings. The play is by Silverman’s show continues his Nelson Makamo, Tatenda Chidora, William Harding, who will make exploration of how we neglect Nobukho Nqaba, Oratile Papi his debut as a director. He’ll be nature. As this subject is often Konopi, Cole Ndelu, Ke Neil We and mentored by actor and director covered by a Western quantitative Jamal Nxedlana. Details: The exhi- Robert Whitehead. The mentor- discourse that relies on numbers, bition takes place until February 28 ing programme is funded by the Silverman fashions an alterna- at 41 Sir Lowry Road, Woodstock, department of sports, arts and tive where things play out in the Cape Town. A walkabout will take culture. Details: The play is on non-verbal and non-numerative place on February 15. For more until February 23 at the Market language that nature expresses information visit bkhz.art. Theatre, 56 Margaret Mcingana itself in. Details: The show is Street, Newtown, Johannesburg. on until February 22 at 99 Loop Beginner’s Bread Workshop: Tickets cost R90 to R150 and can be Gallery, Cape Town. For more infor- Learn how to bake a wholesome purchased from webticket.co.za. For mation visit 99loop.co.za or call loaf of bread this weekend. The more information visit marketthea- 021 422 3766. workshop will also highlight the tre.co.za or call 011 832 1641. importance of sourcing good Parkrun Voortrekker Monument: quality ingredients and following Chthonios: Dylan Lewis uses his Parkrun organises weekly, timed Mythic quest: Dylan Lewis explores relationships and a sense of self in traditional artisan baking tech- sculpture to introspect and reckon runs around the world. They are his sculpture exhibition Chthonios. Photo: Stella Olivier niques. Details: The workshop with the tensions that come with free, safe and don’t require par- will take place on February 9 at relationships. Chthonios repre- ticipants to be athletes. Take in the Road, Groenkloof, Pretoria. For has decided to test its model on Babette’s Bread, 274 Fox Street, sents an overdue homecoming in lush landscape surrounding the more information visit parkrun. coastal waters with a pop-up show. Johannesburg. Tickets cost R1 000 contemporary art for the artist. Voortrekker Monument during a co.za or call 012 326 6770. Some of the artists have worked and can be booked by calling Details: The exhibition is open 5km run with friends and other with blue, but others are chal- 084 516 3014 or emailing babette- until February 29 at Everard Read running enthusiasts. Details: The Blue Is the Warmest Colour: lenged to explore territory that is [email protected]. For more — Circa, 3 Portswood Road, V&A parkrun is on February 8 at the After a successful showing oin outside their experience. The multi- information visit babettesbread. Waterfront, Cape Town. For more Voortrekker Monument, Eeufees Johannesburg and Pretoria, BKhz modal group show includes artists co.za. South Africa R45.00 Zimbabwe US$3 On her throne: Mozambique M206.80 Boity cashes in Zambia her reality check K45 Kenya Ksh305 Page 33 Botswana P45.00 Eswatini E45.00 / Lesotho M45.00 Namibia N$45.00 FridayFebruary 7 to 13 2020 • mg.co.za/arts PDF Replica Digital Edition R25.00 PHOTO: MICHELINE PELLETIER/CORBIS/GETTY MICHELINE IMAGES PHOTO: Coetzee at 80: Refl ections on his ‘ethical vision’ Page 32 Things get a little Messi at Barcelona Arguably the world’s greatest footballer, Lionel Messi has created unease at Barcelona after a bust-up with the club’s sporting director. In an interview, Eric Abidal suggested that former coach Ernesto Valverde was sacked because of unhappiness within the dressing room. Messi responded furiously, challenging Abidal to name names. There are now fears that the club lynchpin may depart in the summer, when his contract allows him to leave on a free pass. Abidal, a former french national player and Barcelona left-back who played with Messi, has retained his position for now. SportFebruary 7 to 13 2020 • mg.co.za/sport New squad boosts performance

The Proteas have tested at this level so that management can see where they stand and entered the England what areas need to be worked on in ODI series with nine the future. “With the team being new, young changes from their and inexperienced, they definitely World Cup line-up, as need time to gain experience, however, that time can’t be unlimited. I well as a new captain. would guess about 12 months would be enough time to gain experience It’s paying off, so far and gel as a team,” Petersen said. And although former Proteas spin Eyaaz Matwadia bowler Paul Adams agrees with Petersen to an extent, he has already t would be an overstatement to enjoyed the positivity that this say that the aura around the Pro- refreshing South Africa side showed teas has turned after their one- against England on Tuesday. Iday international (ODI) against- “For now it is trial and error for the-odds triumph over England the Proteas, but they’ll [new play- on Tuesday at Newlands. However, ers] ease into it. For instance, if you the refreshing setup employed for take JJ [Jon-Jon] Smuts in Tuesday’s this series could be a blueprint that ODI, he showed his character and, alters their traditional narrative and more importantly, he showed his allows room for a new growth trajec- versatility with the ball in hand tory. and we also know that he can bat,” For starters, nine replacements Adams said. have been made to the Proteas Furthermore, the captaincy for squad since they last played an ODI, this series has been changed, which which was at the World Cup, and has been welcomed across the coun- six of those nine players are ODI try. The new ODI captain, Quinton debutants. The squad is also much de Kock, now has the added respon- younger than the side that travelled sibility of leadership, together with to England last winter as it boasts an his already heavy load of opening average age of 25, compared with the the batting and his keeping duties former squad’s average age of 30. behind the stumps. It could be seen as an attempt by However, Petersen said that after the Proteas’ selectors to go for broke, the performance De Kock produced but former Proteas batsman Alviro Captain’s innings: Quinton de Kock (left) scored a century in the first one-day international match between in the fi rst ODI match on Tuesday, Petersen believes that it is a calcu- South Africa and England on Tuesday. He was ably supported by Temba Bavuma, who fell just two runs shy of it is obvious that he is relishing this lated decision, as players need to be scoring a century himself. The Proteas won the match by seven wickets. Photo: Dan Mullan/Getty Images responsibility. “I said it for years — he can do all of it. Quinton is a great reader of the game and he showed last night that Get to know the new faces he can keep, captain and score runs, as well as produce match-winning innings,” Petersen said. in the Proteas team Adams believes that the Proteas understand the implications that With the national cricket team in class cricket and 17 half-centuries these responsibilities might have on freefall of late, South Africa over- to his name. He was also South de Kock, but they have thought past hauled the squad for the Proteas’ Africa A’s stand out performer them and have a “plan B” in store. one-day international (ODI) series against India in 2019. “Quinton obviously wants to do against England. The Mail & He is known for playing hard- what he is doing, but Kyle Verreynne Guardian takes a look at some of hitting cameos in the middle of has also been included in this squad the debutants. an innings, much like Justin and he is a wicketkeeper and we’ve Kemp would do back in the early tried this before at Cape Town Janneman Malan 2000s. Blitz in the Mzansi Super League, Janneman Malan is a right handed [when] Quinton went into the fi eld opening batsman. He appeared Bjorn Fortuin and Verreynne stood behind the in the T20 series against Pakistan Although Bjorn Fortuin is an all stumps,” Adams said. in February 2019, during which rounder, his ability with the ball in “It adds a diff erent balance to the he scored 35 runs in two matches. hand is more signifi cant. The left- team and it is the combination we He topped the batting charts at arm spinner showcased his prime In the big league: Eastern Province teammates bowler Lutho Sipamla need to try moving forward,” he last year’s Africa T20 Cup, during attributes on the subcontinent (left) and allrounder JJ Smuts both made their one-day international added. which he produced lots of rapid when the Proteas played a T20 debut against England on Tuesday. Photo: Dan Mullan/Getty Images For now, De Kock’s men will be runs, including the performance series against India last year. He focused on claiming a series victory of the tournament, which saw him also boasts 55 wickets in 46 local the Proteas sorely lacked in their sides from achieving high run rates over the world champions, as well as score 128 runs off 67 balls. one-day games with an economy World Cup campaign. in the middle overs of a match. avenging the demoralising defeats Malan’s local fi rst-class and one- rate of just more than four runs an they received in the Test series. The day game records are proof that if over. Jon-Jon Smuts Sisanda Magala chips will be placed on them too, he has more overs to set himself at Jon-Jon Smuts or the player bet- Sisanda Magala is a proven wicket- especially in Sunday’s pink ODI, the crease, he can infl ict massive Lutho Sipamla ter known as “JJ” made himself taker in local cricket. He averages as they have lost only one of seven damage upfront. Being a right-arm fast medium a part of the Proteas T20 squad a wicket every fi ve overs and has matches when sporting their lucky Malan has a fi rst-class average bowler, Lutho Sipamla does not after signifi cant performances a total of four fi ve-wicket-hauls colour. of 50.36 and has scored more than average a wicket per game in against Sri Lanka in February last in local list A games. However, For Adams, a series win will not

3 000 runs in 38 matches, notching local one-day cricket and has an year and looked comfortable when these wickets do come at a price: only bring confi dence to the squad up 11 centuries along the way. economy rate that is a tad expen- making his fi rst start in an ODI on an economy rate of almost 6 runs but also restore pride in the Protea sive at 5.55 runs an over. However, Tuesday. The all-rounder can score an over. The 29-year-old’s ability name. If they lose the remaining Kyle Verreynne Sipamla’s performance against runs, coming in at number four in is not in doubt, but he will need to fi xtures, he fears such a poor perfor- Kyle Verreynne is a wicketkeeper England in his ODI debut on the batting line-up, and his ortho- develop greater composure when mance will have far-reaching conse- and another promising batsman Tuesday showed that he brings dox spin bowling has an economy he dons the Proteas shirt for the quences for the team, especially with with an average of 50.72 in fi rst- agility to the fi eld, an attribute rate that suggests he can limit fi rst time. — Eyaaz Matwadia Australia heading here in less than a month. 2 Mail & Guardian Sport February 7 to 13 2020 Sport South African tennis serves up promise

After years of struggle, the sport seems to be taking some steps in the right direction with an ATP Challenger 50 event to be held in March

Luke Feltham watch as well, adding an air of prestige to proceedings but not to the eep it at a whisper for point where the outing threatened now, but South Afri- to degenerate into pretention. can tennis might just Rather, it felt distinctly South Friendly rivalry: Lloyd Harris (above) and Kevin Anderson, seen together (below), faced each other during an Kbe heading in a posi- African — a sense helped in no small exhibition match at the Arthur Ashe Tennis Centre in Soweto last Sunday and both represented South Africa tive direction. It’s spent part by a large contingent of Kaizer in the ATP Cup in Australia last month. Photos: Jono Searle/Getty Images and Lefty Shivambu/Gallo Images much of the last decade ambling Chiefs fans who sang at every avail- along with little evidence of a course able interval (one can’t help but pon- in mind; any meaningful attempts der the fact that whoever encouraged to develop a plan usually catch a them to attend didn’t warn them snag before they can grow into any- that tennis etiquette, unlike football, thing significant. demands silence during play). You can pick from a long line-up Much of the excitement about the of suspects to explain why this is the excursion stemmed from the fact case — lazy administration, lack of that we simply don’t have fi rst-class funds, an apathy for the sport and so tennis to watch live, competitive or on — but the list of viable solutions otherwise. At least until now. has always remained slim. At the beginning of December, No one has stumbled on a silver Tennis South Africa (TSA) was fi nally bullet, but we did get a small taste able to announce that it had secured of what a flourishing tennis scene an ATP Challenger 50 tournament to might look like last weekend when be played here — the fi rst since 2013. the Arthur Ashe Tennis Complex Given that last year 52 countries played host to the RCS Rising Stars shared more than 200 ATP events national fi nals. among them, the development is The event was the culmination of long overdue and very welcome. an almost year-long battle between Only a couple of weeks later TSA hundreds of primary schools across announced it had secured funding the country. But the real draw, at to host three International Tennis least to most of the public, was an Federation events, each with a prize exhibition match between Kevin pool of $25 000. No tournaments on Anderson and Lloyd Harris. these shores could match those fi g- The opportunity to watch the ures last year. highest-ranked South Africans on All of that may not contain the the ATP ladder duel it out brought gravitas of a grand slam, but it is cer- in hundreds of spectators and all but tainly a move in the right direction year for both players. two grand-slam final appearances. development this year. fi lled the stadium to capacity. There and will help build the momentum Despite the annoyance Anderson With a second-round collapse in the The hope is that one day Harris was genuine excitement about the that events such as Sunday’s create. has generated by rejecting national Australian Open two weeks ago, it’s will reach Anderson’s level or, per- competitiveness of the game too: (Some people might even argue that team call-ups, he remains the best clear he’s still got some work to do. haps, even surpass it. Having two as friendly in nature as it inevitably the Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal hope the country has of success in Harris received a similarly defl at- South African tennis players compet- was, the crowd was invested in the spectacle in Cape Town this Friday singles competition. ing exit in the form of a fi rst-round ing for high honours in the space of a outcome, becoming increasingly contributes to that cause as well.) Although in 2018 he rose to as high straight-sets spanking. No one is few years would be a huge boost for drawn in as the two allotted sets With growth arriving on the as fi fth in the world before succumb- asking him to win a major at this the sport here. Long-term success, ticked over into a tie-breaker that home front, perhaps more eyes ing to injury again, time is running point, but at 23 years old and with however, will arise when they are Anderson would eventually clinch. than ever will be on Anderson and out for the 33-year-old to achieve his an ATP 250 fi nal already under his able to face each other competitively A few celebrities pitched up to Harris in what will be an important dream of going one better than his belt, much is expected from his on home soil one day.

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Brought to you by and Mail & Guardian Sport February 7 to 13 2020 3 Sport Pit stop ignites fourth-place war

Dodgy signings, an the Dutchman’s strike. City were unquestionably dominant and will unusual break and a have strong curses reserved for both fresh outlook leave Hugo Lloris and Lady Luck. Had Oleksandr Zinchenko not knocked everything to play for in over the Jenga tower with some silly the final months moves, it’s likely we’d have a very different ending to write about. This is still not a Spurs team created in their Luke Feltham boss’s image. Which is why the Portuguese is espite the physical surely one of the happier managers to nature of their sport, get his team behind doors for an extra footballers have a noto- week. He’s kept his calm through- Drious sensitivity about out his slow start and the weekend changes to their envi- off might be just what he needs to ronment. Not all of course — but deepen his imprint. Throw in the fact for every stoic go-with-it Michael that disruptive influences Christian Carrick there is a Carlos Tevez who Eriksen and Danny Rose have been rages into a tantrum when the air- chucked out and it’s easy to envision con is adjusted a notch. How then Spurs finishing strongly. If one was is the introduction of a shiny, new forced to pick a fourth-place favourite winter break going to go down? it might even be them. Thanks to the timing of it, days Quite a bit lower on that list are after the January transfer window rivals Arsenal: an institution that sim- closed, there’s an unshakeable sense ply does not belong in the Champions that what we’re getting is a soft reset. League at present. Most Gooners Mid-season signings are offered the Runner-up rivalry: Tottenham Hotspur are yet to be moulded in the image of their boss, Jose Mourinho. have taken a liking to the fight that unusual opportunity of getting a Photo: Catherine Ivill/Getty Images Mikel Arteta has inspired but unfor- week to acclimatise themselves to tunately that fight usually just leads their new environment while their Blame the recklessness of youth or from Europe nobody seeing him tion was present for the signing of to nothing more than a draw. new sides have a minute to reflect the paucity of creativity, but this is for two-and-a-half years since he Bruno Fernandes, United’s latest Pablo Mari from Flamengo and on the past few months. For some not an outfit that’s capable of getting was at Watford and then getting coup from Sporting Lisbon. Having Southampton’s Cedric Soares have it’s welcome relief; for others it’s it done week in, week out. There’s a loan move at United. Wow. That seemingly been in negotiations for- been brought in and the former momentum lost. been no lack of motivation when doesn’t happen! It says how far ever, Solskjær will be relieved to especially will immediately improve There’s much to play for too. The it’s time to visit North London, but behind United are from Liverpool, have got his man locked down in this the backline. At the very least it will league title may no longer be in the Lampard has failed to instil the same Manchester City and even Chelsea. window. Fernandes should imme- be taken off of suicide watch with offing but the line-up a couple of hunger to break down stubborn They have got a big job ahead.” diately inject some tempo and ideas Shkodran Mustafi and David Luiz no places below Liverpool couldn’t be defensive lines from less illustrious As shocking as the deadline day into a midfield that has found space longer compelled to play together. more opaque. opponents. move was, the truth is Ole Gunnar to field players like Jesse Lingaard With arguably more troubles com- After holding Chelsea to a 2-2 draw It’s clear that this is not the fin- Solskjær had to do something. With far too regularly and for far too long. ing from the final third, it’s hard to last weekend, Leicester City put their ished product but it’s all that he will Marcus Rashford out with a long- Sometimes all it takes is one acquisi- predict what effect, if any, the sign- hand up to join Manchester City in have to work with until May. Some term back injury, he presumably tion to turn a hopeless cause of a sea- ings will have on the results to come. taking positions one and two in the reports suggest he’s annoyed with couldn’t fathom the idea of asking son into a genuine fourth-place push. For a club whose entire business “also-rans” category. You could never the board for not pushing harder Anthony Martial to take sole respon- If we’re talking immediate effect, model is built on the maxim “we will know for certain with neither able to secure his wish list but he would sibility for leading the line for the however, no other new signing has score more than you”, the recent to shake a bout of erratic form, but have known going into it that this foreseeable future. Ighalo also brings hit quite as hard and fast as Steven failings up front leave faith in short unless somebody else stumbles on to month is not one for big requests. pure goalscoring talent that might Bergwijn. With his very first shot in supply. consistency, they should be all but Almost everyone would agree, too, just rear its head — perhaps there’s the Premier League, the competi- The final option is that none of the locked up. that retaining faith in a youthful core no high ceiling but there’s likely a tion he dreamed of playing in, he set obvious choices speed out of the win- Which leaves the scraps of fourth is far more prudent than picking up few key strikes left in the 30-year-old. Tottenham Hotspur up to get the ter pit stop and allow a minnow to to fight for. the cigarette butts, such as Salomón Absolutely none of that conten- massive win over Manchester City. swim by. Sheffield United are enjoy- Current incumbents Chelsea have Rondón, that were being shopped And what a shot it was: a subtle chest ing an unthinkable season and have managed to cling to the position around. trap followed by a picturesque swivel only got stronger; a new club record largely by virtue of their challengers It’s a temptation that not every- and half-volley. Yet, if anything, it brought in the exciting Sander matching their missteps every other body resisted. Manchester United, Sometimes all would have been his movement that Berge whereas the once-hyped Jack week. How frustrating it must be for some might say, being one of them. it takes is one beguiled José Mourinho. Bergwijn Rodwell has been tossed one more Frank Lampard to glance at his four- “He must be the luckiest man!” ran until he couldn’t anymore and Premier League bone. The common point lead knowing it could so easily former Dutch striker Jimmy Floyd acquisition to turn was forced off with a cramp in the sentiment is that the Blades will be in the double digits had he not lost Hasselbaink said of their decision a hopeless season 70th. eventually go on a losing streak befit- games to West Ham, Southampton to loan in Watford alumni Odion into a genuine As satisfying as the day was, prag- ting of their stature; which is exactly and Bournemouth — all at Stamford Ighalo. matic Mourinho won’t be forget- what everybody said about Leicester Bridge. “Going to China, being away fourth-place push ting about the hour that preceded three years ago. Subscribe Now!

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JDE 218 THE ORIGINAL SOUTH AFRICAN CRYPTIC CROSSWORD by George Euvrard Across Down 1 Black, large and covered in hair, 1 Earth-moving operations but not loud and cannot be reverse troubles, restricting seen clearly (6) frequency (9) 4 Spread theologian provided 2 Rush and hurry up, even for initially for us English inside (8) Africa’s highest peak (5) 9 Very pleased that friend had sex 3 Sends back muses (8) change in the end and was 5 Tiny nit in families affected (13) catered for (7) 6 Surely company has limits on 11 Strengthen pro to return leniency? (6) capable at beginning of year (7) 7 Religion comes quietly into one’s 12 Chute for female mule on heat mind at first (9) (5) 8 Make money for leader (5) 13 Bachelor to name just one (9) 10 Lewd bile demos produced 14 Sound of support mate not from removed organs (13) new (10) 15 Manservant becomes a poet 16 Isinwithadrop(4) and playwright (3,6) Space-gazing: Jomo Sono just hopes Jomo Cosmos does well at the 19 States agreement on board (4) 17 Cook rats - sis! - on burners Nedbank Cup and before he retires. Photo: Lefty Shivambu/Gallo Images 20 Signs of excitement in bird (9) shoves (10) 18 Shaggy beard on local one in 22 Goldfish in secret tomb (9) Eastern Cape dorp (8) 23 Black party closing down (5) 21 Another final expropriation Solutions and explanations 25 I shall say almost all are includes good two acres (6) can be found at mg.co.za/ improper (7) 22 Helpers have mass benefits (5) crossword Galaxy allows 26 Relives playing fish (7) 24 Five plus one gets six - 27 Sing to demure Dane resident dynamics start to become holding back (8) clear (5) 28 Electrodes are one sad creation Go to ‘JDE’ on facebook for (6) discussion and solutions to every JDE crossword, and others to shine talk or stalk! With a nation watching, Jomo Cosmos is one side looking to use the Nedbank Cup to rise QUICK CROSSWORD Across Down 1 Written carelessly (9) 2 Brusque (4) Cosmos have continued their strug- Luke Feltham 8 Potter’s material (4) 3 __ Lendl, Czech-born gles under the new dispensation and 9 Seamless carpet type — a bold American tennis star (4) maniacal grin flashes currently sit in 14th, far closer to rele- room (anag) (9) 4 Vote (6) across Ernst Midden- gation than the promised land of play- 10 Affectedly pretty (4) 5 Sufficient (6) dorp’s face whenever off spots. Sono doesn’t seem to have 13 Branch (5) 6 Exploding (7,2) he’s asked about last contemplated the possibility of drop- A 15 (Of information) very recently 7 Extravagant exaggeration (9) year’s Nedbank Cup ping down further, but rather wants received (3-3) 11 Designer of buildings (9) final, a game his Kaizer Chiefs side to transform his young crop into pro- 16 Socialise (especially with 12 Indistinguishable (9) lost to TS Galaxy of the first division. motion chasers as quickly as possible. posher people) (6) 13 Pugilist (5) His only concern, he says now, is the This week, Galaxy coach Dan 17 Messiah composer (6) 14 Sharpened (5) present. Malesela said the Nedbank Cup will 19 What follows (6) 18 Toil (6) The German doesn’t seem to allow him to put some kilometres on 20 At an angle (5) 19 Church caretaker (6) appreciate what that day at Moses the legs of his under-used senior play- 21 Castor or Pollux? (4) 22 Waterless (4) Mabhida Stadium meant for South ers. The plan would fail, however, 24 Backside (9) 23 Proverbial pig container? (4) African football. All it took was one with Chippa United downing the 25 Clothed (4) composed, slightly off-centre pen- champions 3-0. 26 Soldier — in red gear (anag) alty in the 92nd minute to prove that Sono’s rationale is different — he (9) even those on the lower rungs can insisted he will be fielding a similar 14, 696 rise to defeat the most followed team line-up to that which he might on a in the country.Thanks to that water- weekly basis. Consistency and devel- shed moment, the latest Nedbank opment remain key for him. Cup round of 32 carries more weight A sustained run in the Cup will also LAST WEEK’S SOLUTIONS and anticipation to it than perhaps help restore faith in a young squad Quick Crossword 14, 695 ever before. There’s a renewed belief that may have become disillusioned Cryptic Crossword JDE 217 that it could catapult a team into with South African footballing insti- something great. tutions. The first division, in particu- Take Jomo Sono. The legend- lar, has been rife with allegations of ary coach is beginning to tire of the corrupt refereeing that has left a bad GladAfrica Championship (for the taste in the mouths of those who uninitiated, this is what we’re calling swear by its competitiveness. the first division these days). He still From a team with a deep history relishes the chance to spend each to one with very little — the Vaal day beside a football field, but finds University of Technology Football himself increasingly longing for the Club (VUT) will notably make its glamour of the PSL. With a promis- debut in the round of 32. As the only ing but raw Jomo Cosmos under his team to arrive via the fourth tier SAB command, the Nedbank Cup repre- Regional League, victory would epito- sents the opportunity to accelerate mise the clichéd magic of the Cup. their growth and familiarise them to With the draw pitting them against the bright lights that he once played the PSL’s Golden Arrows that’s a under. Even if that begins with a fix- big ask. Addressing the media this ture against ABC Motsepe League week, their coach Stanford Nkoane side, Hungry Lions. spoke with commanding author- “They are learning but while they’re ity. He showed no sign that he was learning I’m not staying young,” he at all uncomfortable with suddenly How to play Sudoku: Place a number from 1 to 9 said this week. “They must learn falling under a national microscope. SUDOKU in each empty cell so that each row, each column and quickly because I’m also getting When asked if he was intimidated by each 3x3 block contains all the numbers from 1 to 9. old. I can’t stay too long in the NFD Steve Komphela’s philosophising, he [National First Division]. By the time replied emphatically: “English will I retire I must be out of there. not be playing football on the day.” LAST WEEK’S SOLUTION “We want to do well. We want to do He too harbours ambitions of very, very well. Go as far as we can get. stretching the club’s run in the com- Just for the players to gain confidence petition and using it as a boon in ... we want to use the Nedbank Cup to their promotion fight … and there’s start building for next season.” little wonder about where he draws Another new aspect of knockout his inspiration. competitions this year is the capacity “Firstly I tell the boys to respect to field a senior side with no restric- football because if you respect foot- tions. At the end of last season, the ball anything is possible,” Nkoane National Soccer League (NSL) Board said. “What TS Galaxy did against of Governors introduced a new rule the biggest team in South Africa is that forces first division teams to something you can also do. We may field at least five U23 South Africans be from the lower leagues but any- in every starting 11 in league games. thing is possible when it’s 11 vs 11.”