Intelligent Life Elsewhere in the Universe? Guidelines for this debate ΦWe will only look at the possibilities of intelligent life The mathematics behind the search for intelligentintelligent extraterrestrialextraterrestrial lifelife ΦWe have not found evidence for intelligent ET life ΦThe Drake Equation will be

used to define numbers for # of Civilizations = Nhp X ƒ lifelife xƒciv X ƒ this debate now

Format for the Debate Pro

5 minute opening statement for intelligent ET life ΦAdvancements made in the 5 minute opening statement against intelligent ET life understanding of processes First question Φ 2 min response from the no intelligent ET life side involving the creation of Φ 2 min response from the for intelligent ET life side and planets Φ 1 min rebuttal from the for intelligent ET life side Φ 1 min rebuttal from the no intelligent ET life side Φ the results of such processes Second question ΦExpansion of knowledge of Φ 2 min response from the for intelligent ET life side Φ 2 min response from the no intelligent ET life side biological processes which Φ 1 min rebuttal from the no intelligent ET life side give rise to life Φ 1 min rebuttal from the for intelligent ET life side

…

Pro- ET Pro- ET

ΦGreater understanding for the lifecycles of stars and ΦGreater understanding of planetary formation conditions on other worlds ΦPlanets are very common ΦSome with conditions to sustain ΦPossibly billions in our galaxy liquidliquid waterwater ΦMany possibilities for life ΦWe can search for these conditions Pro- ET

ΦDevelopments in molecular biology If life evolved here, what’s to say ΦOrganic molecules form it won’t evolve other places? naturally in hostile conditions ΦMeteors, gas clouds ΦLife on Earth began almost as Encladeus? soon as possible Mars? ΦLife can exist under many ? extreme conditions

Drake Equation Intelligent life?

# of Civilizations = Nhp X M life x M civ X Mnow ΦSuppose 1011 planets in our galaxy Φ5 in 102 are habitable => 5 x109 planets Φ8 in 10 have life => 4 x 109 planets Φ6 in 105 have civilizations capable of interstellarinterstellar communicationcommunication =>=> 2.52.5 xx 10105 planets Φ4 in 105 currently exist => 10 communicating civilizations in existence in our galaxy

Is There Anybody Out There?

The ongoing debate of intelligent life in the Oh there they are intelligent life in the universe. Con ET Life We are alone. Project Ozma

Φ Project Ozma Φ Humanity’s first attempt to detect Φ Project Phoenix interstellarinterstellar radioradio signals.signals. Φ The Drake Equation Φ April through July 1960, an 85’ NRAO radio telescope examined Φ Clip : Contact Intro the cold 21 cm emission. Φ Only a false alarm from a secret military experiment was detected…. Only static, no extraterrestrial signals detected.

Project Phoenix What’s Reasonable?

Φ Most ambitious search for extraterrestrial Φ Nhp : Number of habitable planets ~ 20%-50%

lifelife ever.ever. Φ ƒ civciv : Communication possible ~10%-20% Φ February 1995 through March 2004,there Φ February 1995 through March 2004,there Φ ƒ lifelife : Estimated 1 to 5 planets sustain life were three observing campaigns using Φ ƒ now : When compared to Earth, the life of the the world’s largest radio telescopes, solar system is roughly 5 billion years and the targeting about 800 stars to a distance timetime thatthat wewe havehave beenbeen capablecapable ofof radioradio of about 240 light years. communications is roughly 100 years, this fractionfraction isis thenthen 1/200,0001/200,000thth.. Φ Sensitive to transmitters with power like our military airport radars. Φ No extraterrestrial signals were detected with more than 11,000 hours of observing from telescopes in Australia, West Virginia and Puerto Rico.

Let’s Try the Drake Question 1 Equation Drake Equation Calculator Is finding intelligent ET life important? Question 2 Question 3

Should the US/NASA fund the What is the number of habitable search for intelligent ET life? planets in the galaxy?

Question 4 Question 5

What fraction of those planets What fraction of those habitable actually have life? life bearing planets has at some time had a civilization capable of interstellar communication?

Question 6

What fraction of those habitable life bearing planets capable of interstellar communication are alive today?