Christopher Columbus Was Not the Only Explorer to Sail for Spain
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The Age of Exploration
ABSS8_ch05.qxd 2/9/07 10:54 AM Page 104 The Age of 5 Exploration FIGURE 5-1 1 This painting of Christopher Columbus arriving in the Americas was done by Louis Prang and Company in 1893. What do you think Columbus might be doing in this painting? 104 Unit 1 Renaissance Europe ABSS8_ch05.qxd 2/9/07 10:54 AM Page 105 WORLDVIEW INQUIRY Geography What factors might motivate a society to venture into unknown regions Knowledge Time beyond its borders? Worldview Economy Beliefs 1492. On a beach on an island in the Caribbean Sea, two Values Society Taino girls were walking in the cool shade of the palm trees eating roasted sweet potatoes. uddenly one of the girls pointed out toward the In This Chapter ocean. The girls could hardly believe their eyes. S Imagine setting out across an Three large strange boats with huge sails were ocean that may or may not con- headed toward the shore. They could hear the tain sea monsters without a map shouts of the people on the boats in the distance. to guide you. Imagine sailing on The girls ran back toward their village to tell the ocean for 96 days with no everyone what they had seen. By the time they idea when you might see land returned to the beach with a crowd of curious again. Imagine being in charge of villagers, the people from the boats had already a group of people who you know landed. They had white skin, furry faces, and were are planning to murder you. -
The Straits of Magellan Were the Final Piece in in Paris
Capítulo 1 A PASSAGE TO THE WORLD The Strait of Magellan during the Age of its Discovery Mauricio ONETTO PAVEZ 2 3 Mauricio Onetto Paves graduated in 2020 will be the 500th anniversary of the expedition led by history from the Pontifical Catholic Ferdinand Magellan that traversed the sea passage that now carries his University of Chile. He obtained name. It was an adventure that became part of the first circumnavigation his Masters and PhD in History and of the world. Civilizations from the L’École des Ever since, the way we think about and see the world – and even the Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales universe – has changed. The Straits of Magellan were the final piece in in Paris. a puzzle that was yet to be completed, and whose resolution enabled a He is the director of the international series of global processes to evolve, such as the movement of people, academic network GEOPAM the establishment of commercial routes, and the modernization of (Geopolítica Americana de los siglos science, among other things. This book offers a new perspective XVI-XVII), which focuses on the for the anniversary by means of an updated review of the key event, geopolitics of the Americas between based on original scientific research into some of the consequences of the 16th and 17th centuries. His negotiating the Straits for the first time. The focus is to concentrate research is funded by Chile’s National on the geopolitical impact, taking into consideration the diverse scales Fund for Scientific and Technological involved: namely the global scale of the world, the continental scale Development (FONDECYT), and he of the Americas, and the local context of Chile. -
Early Colonial History Four of Seven
Early Colonial History Four of Seven Marianas History Conference Early Colonial History Guampedia.com This publication was produced by the Guampedia Foundation ⓒ2012 Guampedia Foundation, Inc. UOG Station Mangilao, Guam 96923 www.guampedia.com Table of Contents Early Colonial History Windfalls in Micronesia: Carolinians' environmental history in the Marianas ...................................................................................................1 By Rebecca Hofmann “Casa Real”: A Lost Church On Guam* .................................................13 By Andrea Jalandoni Magellan and San Vitores: Heroes or Madmen? ....................................25 By Donald Shuster, PhD Traditional Chamorro Farming Innovations during the Spanish and Philippine Contact Period on Northern Guam* ....................................31 By Boyd Dixon and Richard Schaefer and Todd McCurdy Islands in the Stream of Empire: Spain’s ‘Reformed’ Imperial Policy and the First Proposals to Colonize the Mariana Islands, 1565-1569 ....41 By Frank Quimby José de Quiroga y Losada: Conquest of the Marianas ...........................63 By Nicholas Goetzfridt, PhD. 19th Century Society in Agaña: Don Francisco Tudela, 1805-1856, Sargento Mayor of the Mariana Islands’ Garrison, 1841-1847, Retired on Guam, 1848-1856 ...............................................................................83 By Omaira Brunal-Perry Windfalls in Micronesia: Carolinians' environmental history in the Marianas By Rebecca Hofmann Research fellow in the project: 'Climates of Migration: -
The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706
Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 41 Number 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 41, Article 7 Issue 1 1962 The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706 Charles W. Arnade Part of the American Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Article is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Arnade, Charles W. (1962) "The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 41 : No. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol41/iss1/7 Arnade: The English Invasion of Spanish Florida, 1700-1706 THE ENGLISH INVASION OF SPANISH FLORIDA, 1700-1706 by CHARLES W. ARNADE HOUGH FLORIDA had been discovered by Ponce de Leon in T 1513, not until 1565 did it become a Spanish province in fact. In that year Pedro Menendez de Aviles was able to establish a permanent capital which he called St. Augustine. Menendez and successive executives had plans to make St. Augustine a thriving metropolis ruling over a vast Spanish colony that might possibly be elevated to a viceroyalty. Nothing of this sort happened. By 1599 Florida was in desperate straits: Indians had rebelled and butchered the Franciscan missionaries, fire and flood had made life in St. Augustine miserable, English pirates of such fame as Drake had ransacked the town, local jealousies made life unpleasant. -
Exploration Opportunities in the Mediterranean
Exploration in the Mediterranean Sea has experienced significant renewed interest over the last decade, with exciting, play-opening discoveries in Israel, Egypt and Libya. ION has taken an Pliocene -- CROP Repro – 4,700 km Miocene Messinian Exploration innovative approach in order to rapidly and cost-effectively develop an integrated dataset to acquired 80s-90s acquired 80s-90s - 4.5-6 km osets aid understanding of the whole Mediterranean, which can be used as the framework for future 17-20s record MS Repro –17,000 km Eocene exploration programmes and to challenge existing basin models. The dataset consists of newly acquired ‘70s-’80s 2.4 km osets Oligocene Opportunities in the 10-12s record, dynamite source acquired BasinSPAN data and reprocessed data from both industry and academic sources. These surveys have been processed concurrently to provide a consistent velocity model across the Mediterranean and generate a fully integrated geological and geophysical interpretation Mediterranean Upper Cretaceous using seismic, well, gravity and magnetic data. ION has created a unique dataset in the region to NAGECO The value of a regionally calibrated seismic dataset support the next phase of exploration, with license rounds expected in the near future. LibyaSPAN –– IONION acquiredacquired Lower Mesozoic 2014 – 7040 km LibyaRepro –38,000–38,000 kmkm acquired 2005 10 km osets 8.5 km osets 18s record, WiBand processingprocessing 10s record, WiBand re-processing 0 — Absence of Messinian evaporites on palaeo-high Thickened Messinian Thickened Messinian -
Exploration Merit Badge, Remember to Always Use the Buddy System
EXPLOR ATION BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA MERIT BADGE SERIES EXPLOR ATION “Enhancing our youths’ competitive edge through merit badges” Requirements 1. General Knowledge. Do the following: a. Define exploration and explain how it differs from adventure travel, trekking or hiking, tour-group trips, or recreational outdoor adventure trips. b. Explain how approaches to exploration may differ if it occurs in the ocean, in space, in a jungle, or in a science lab in a city. 2. History of Exploration. Discuss with your counselor the history of exploration. Select a field of study with a history of exploration to illustrate the importance of exploration in the development of that field (for example, aerospace, oil industry, paleontology, oceanography, etc.). 3. Importance of Exploration. Explain to your counselor why it is important to explore. Discuss the following: a. Why it is important for exploration to have a scientific basis b. How explorers have aided in our understanding of our world c. What you think it takes to be an explorer 4. Real-Life Exploration. Do ONE of the following: a. Learn about a living explorer. Create a short report or presentation (verbal, written, or multimedia slide presenta- tion) on this individual’s objectives and the achievements of one of the explorer’s expeditions. Share what you have learned with your counselor and unit. b. Learn about an actual scientific exploration expedition. Gather information about the mission objectives and the expedition’s most interesting or important discoveries. Share what you have learned with your counselor and unit. Tell how the information gained from this expedition helped scientists answer important questions. -
Chapter 17.1 European Exploration and Expansion
CHAPTER 17.1 EUROPEAN EXPLORATION AND EXPANSION MOTIVES AND MEANS • Age of Discovery: Period from 1500-1800 CE in which Europeans sailed and explored the rest of the world • Motives for exploration: • Fascination with Asia • Marco Polo’s book The Travels detailed his exotic travels became popular with Europeans • Economics • Hopes of opening new markets to trade for spices, precious metals • “Gold, glory, and God” • A belief that Europeans must Christianize indigenous peoples MOTIVES AND MEANS • Means of exploration: • Caravel: small, fast ship with a longer range and larger cargo hold than previous ships • Advances in cartography more accurate maps, astrolabe, compass • Knowledge of wind patterns PORTUGUESE EXPLORERS • Portugal was first to explore; led by Prince Henry the Navigator • Discovered gold on western coast of Africa (“Gold Coast”) • Vasco de Gama sailed around tip of Africa and reached Calicut, India • Made large profit from Indian spices • Portuguese fleets returned to India to defeat Muslims and create trade monopoly • Portugal dominated trade in India and China, but did not have the population to colonize SPANISH EXPLORERS • Europeans knew world was round; did not know existence of the Americas • Sailed west to find a different route to Asia • Christopher Columbus sailed to find India for Spain • Found Caribbean islands which he thought were islands just outside of India • Never reached mainland Americas • Ferdinand Magellan: first to sail completely around the globe by sailing around the tip of South America; killed in Philippines …Columbus once punished a man found guilty of stealing corn by having his ears and nose cut off and then selling him into slavery. -
Expedition Conquistador Brochure
EXPEDITION CONQUISTADOR Traveling Exhibit Proposal The Palm Beach Museum of Natural History Minimum Requirements 500-3,500 sq. ft. (variable, based on available space) of display area 8-12 ft ceiling clearance Available for 6-8 week (or longer) periods Expedition Conquistador takes three to seven days to set up and take down Assistance by venue staff may be required to unload, set up and break down the exhibit Venue provides all set up/break down equipment, including pallet jacks, fork lift, etc. Structure of Exhibit Basic: Armored Conquistador Diorama – (3 foot soldiers or 1 mounted on horse, 120 sq. ft.) Maps and Maritime Navigation Display Weapons and Armor Display Trade in the New World Display Daily Life and Clothing Display American Indian Weaponry and material culture (contemporary 16th century) Optional: First Contact Diorama (explorers, foot soldiers, sailors, priests, American Indians) American Indian Habitation Diorama Living History Component Both the basic and optional versions of Expedition Conquistador can be adjusted via the modification of the number of displays to accommodate venues with limited exhibition space. We welcome your questions regarding “Expedition Conquistador” For additional information or to book reservations please contact Rudolph F. Pascucci The Palm Beach Museum of Natural History [email protected] (561) 729-4246 Expedition Conquistador Expedition Conquistador provides the The beginnings of European colonization in public with a vision of what life was like for the New World began a series of violent the earliest European explorers of the New changes. Cultures and technology both World as they battled to claim territory, clashed on a monumental basis. -
Comparing and Contrasting Views of Christopher Columbus, European Explorers and Native Americans
I. Reaction Paper Assignment Comparing and contrasting views of Christopher Columbus, European Explorers and Native Americans. o Columbus, the Indians and Human Progress. Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (2003), Chapter 1. o The Age of European Discovery. Schweikart and Allen, A Patriot’s History of the United States (2004), Chapter 1 What do you know about Columbus? Odds are, your ideas may not reflect the latest in historical research, or may be incomplete. (With thanks to Professor McKay.) In any discussion of the value of history, it's important to include this important objective: "to build that bridge that links past and present history together." History informs the present, helps us to put order into the chaos going on around us, and to recognize that people who have come before us experienced and overcame many of the same challenges we are experiencing today. Today we have a particularly pressing need to understand war. Before 9/11, few students had an interest in war. But now there seems to be a pervasive need to understand what causes war, what effects war has on society, what can be done to avoid war, or what can be used to justify our current foreign policy. That students are interested in this topic shows that our present needs determine, in fact dictate, what we consider to be important in the past. And the needs of society at a given time play an important role in how historians interpret the past. During the 1950's, when the Cold War was just beginning, we as a society had the need to prove how superior our democratic institutions were to the Soviet's. -
Explorers of Africa
Explorers of Africa Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460) Portugal Goals of exploration: establish a Christian empire in western Africa find new sources of gold create maps of the African coast Trips funded by Henry the Navigator led to more Impact: exploration of western Africa Bartolomeu Días (1450-1500) Portugal Rounded the southernmost tip of Africa in 1488 Goal of exploration: find a water route to Asia Impact: Led the Portuguese closer to discovering a water route to Asia Vasco da Gama (1460s-1524) Portugal Rounded the southernmost tip of Africa; Reached India in 1498 Goal of exploration: find a water route to Asia Found a water route to Asia and brought back Impact: jewels and spices, which encouraged further exploration Explorers of the Caribbean Christopher Columbus (1450-1506) Spain In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue (He sailed again in 1493, 1498, and 1502) Goal of exploration: find a water route to Asia Discovered the New World and led to Impact: exploration of the Americas Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475-1519) Spain Discovered the Pacific Ocean and the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 Goal of exploration: further exploration of the New World Discovered the Pacific Ocean and a new Impact: passage for exploration Explorers of South America Ferdinand Magellan Spain (1480-1521) Magellan's ships completed the first known circumnavigation of the globe. Goal of exploration: find a water route to Asia across the Pacific Discovered a new passage between the Impact: Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Francisco Pizarro Spain (1470s-1541) Conquered -
The Spanish Conquistadores and Colonial Empire
The Spanish Conquistadores and Colonial Empire Treaty of Tordesillas Columbus’s colonization of the Atlantic islands inaugurated an era of aggressive Spanish expansion across the Atlantic. Spanish colonization after Columbus accelerated the rivalry between Spain and Portugal to an unprecedented level. The two powers vied for domination through the acquisition of new lands. In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. But in 1493, Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI issued two papal decrees giving legitimacy to Spain’s Atlantic claims over the claims of Portugal. Hoping to salvage Portugal’s holdings, King João II negotiated a treaty with Spain. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 drew a north-to-south line through South America. Spain gained territory west of the line, while Portugal retained the lands east of the line, including the east coast of Brazil. Map of the land division determined by the Treaty of Tordesillas. Image credit: Wikimedia Commons Conquistadores and Spanish colonization Columbus’s discovery opened a floodgate of Spanish exploration. Inspired by tales of rivers of gold and timid, malleable native peoples, later Spanish explorers were relentless in their quest for land and gold. Spanish explorers with hopes of conquest in the New World were known as conquistadores. Hernán Cortés arrived on Hispaniola in 1504 and participated in the conquest of the Island. Cortés then led the exploration of the Yucatán Peninsula in hopes of attaining glory. -
Letter of Christopher Columbus to Luis De St. Angel on His First Voyage To
National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox American Beginnings: The European Presence in North America, 1492-1690 Library of Congress P. Forlani, Vniversale descrittione di tvtta la terra conoscivta fin qvi, world map, Venice: 1565, detail with approximate route of Columbus’s first voyage added “the glorious success that our Lord has given me in my voyage”* LETTER OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS ON HIS FIRST VOYAGE TO AMERICA, 1492 Written in 1493, to the Treasurer of Aragon, Luis de St. Angel, who had provided Castile Taíno Indians his settlement La Navidad on the north coast of present-day Haiti SIR: S I know you will be rejoiced at the glorious success that our Lord has given me in my voyage, I A write this to tell you how in thirty-three days I sailed to the Indies with the fleet that the illustrious King and Queen, our Sovereigns, gave me, where I discovered a great many islands inhabited by numberless people; and of all I have taken possession for their Highnesses by proclamation and display of the Royal Standard [Spanish flag] without opposition. To the first island I discovered I gave the name of San Salvador in commemoration of His Divine Majesty, who has wonderfully granted all this. The Indians call it Guanaham.1 The second I named the Island of Santa Maria de Concepcion; the third, Fernandina; the fourth, Isabella; the fifth, Juana; and thus to each one I gave a new name.2 When I came to Juana, I followed the coast of that isle toward the west and found it so extensive that I thought it might be the mainland, the province of Cathay