Penicillium Uruguayense Fungal Planet Description Sheets 323

322 Persoonia – Volume 39, 2017

Penicillium uruguayense Fungal Planet description sheets 323

Fungal Planet 645 – 20 December 2017 Penicillium uruguayense Guevara-Suarez, Dania García, Cano & Gené, sp. nov. Etymology. Name refers to Uruguay, where the fungus was isolated. Notes — Penicillium uruguayense belongs to sect. Lanata- Divaricata. Phylogenetically, it is located in a basal branch in Classification — Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales, Eurotiomyce the P. javanicum clade (Visagie et al. 2015). This clade includes tidae, Eurotiomycetes. other sexually reproducing species, i.e., P. caperatum, P. el- Colony diam in 7 d (mm) — On CYA: 25 °C 48–50, 30 °C 54– leniae, P. javanicum, P. malacosphaerulum and P. reticulispo- 56, 37 °C 39–50; on MEA: 25 °C 44–47, 30 °C 50–52, 37 °C rum. Penicillium uruguayense is characterised by having good 42–45; on YES: 25 °C 53–55, 30 °C 54–56; 37 °C 50–53; growth at 37 °C on all media tested, by the production of acid on OA: 25 °C 40–45, 30 °C 50–60, 37 °C 40–45; on DG18: on CREA and by its restrictive growth on DG18. Within the P. 25 °C 10–12; on CREA: 25 °C 10–12, weak acid production. javanicum clade, only P. elleniae and P. caperatum produce acid Colony characters at 25 °C in 7 d — On CYA, colonies on CREA. However, the latter two species have ascospores velvety, slightly raised at the centre, radially sulcate, mycelium with two longitudinal flanges or equatorial ridges (Visagie et al. brownish grey (7C2) to yellow (3A7), margin entire; reverse 2015), which are inconspicuous and subequatorial in P. uru- reddish brown (9F8) to greyish yellow (3B5); conidial sporula- guayense. In addition, P. caperatum has smooth ascospores, tion absent; abundant production of cleistothecia; exudate whereas in P. elleniae and P. uruguayense they are spinose. present, consisting of small hyaline to yellow droplets along The latter two can be differentiated by their conidial ornamenta- the sulcus; soluble pigment golden yellow (5B7). On MEA, tion, i.e., spinose in P. elleniae and smooth in P. uruguayense. colonies granular, flat, mycelium white, margin entire; reverse Penicillium malacosphaerulum and P. reticulisporum also have greyish yellow (4B5); abundant cleistothecia; conidial sporu- smooth conidia, but their ascospores are finely rough-walled lation absent; exudate and soluble pigment absent. On YES, with two longitudinal flanges. Penicillium javanicum and P. uru- colonies somewhat cerebriform at the centre, radially sulcate guayense are the only species in the clade showing ascospores towards the periphery, mycelium white; reverse brown (6E8); with an inconspicuous longitudinal furrow, but unlike the other sporulation absent; exudate and soluble pigment absent. On related species, P. javanicum produces roughened stipes. OA, colonies granular, flat, mycelium white, margin entire; reverse light yellow (2A5); abundant production of cleistothecia; conidial sporulation scarce, with conidial masses dull green; exudate and soluble pigment absent. P. camponotum CBS 102T P. subrubescens CBS 1275T P. ochrochloron CBS 57T Micromorphology — Conidiophores only observed on OA, T 75 P. svalbardense CBS 1221 T P. piscarium CBS 2 monoverticillate; stipes 20–50 × 2–2.5 μm, smooth-walled, P. annulatum CBS 1512T P. rolfsii CBS T hyaline. Phialides in verticils of 3–4 per verticil, ampulliform, P. excelsum IBT 151T P. pulvillorum CBS 20T 8–10 × 2–2.5 μm. Conidia globose to subglobose, 2.5–3 × P. ehrlichii CBS 2T P. bissettii CBS 1072T 2–3 μm, smooth-walled. Cleistothecia ripen after 1–2 wk on P. vasconiae CBS 7T P. zonatum CBS 272T CYA, MEA and OA at 25 °C, superficial, globose, 90–210 µm P. abidjanum CBS 27T T 2 P. daleae CBS 211 2 diam, greyish yellow. Asci clavate to ovoid, 7–9 × 5–7 μm. P. amphipolaria 107T P. singorense CBS 121T T Ascospores mostly subglobose, 3–4 × 3–3.5 μm, finely spiny, 100 P. penarojense CBS 1117 P. vanderhammenii CBS 1221T with conspicuously pleated subequatorial crests. P. infrabuccalum CBS 10T P. pedernalense CBS 10770T P. onobense CBS 171T ruguay 0 T Typus. U , Colonia Del Sacramento, from soil, 2007, collector 100 P. paraherquei CBS 5 P. brasilianum CBS 25 55T unknown (holotype FMR H-14490, cultures ex-type CBS 143247 = FMR 1 P. skrjabinii CBS 75T P. araracuarense CBS 111T Section 14490; LSU, ITS, BenA and CaM sequences GenBank LT904730, LT904729, P. wotroi CBS 11171T LanataDivaricata LT904699 and LT904698, MycoBank MB822920). P. tanzanicum CBS 10T 0 P. cataractarum CBS 107T P mariae crucis CBS 271T P. panissanguineum CBS 10T 7 P. simplicissimum CBS 72T T 7 P. malacosphaerulum CBS 15121 T 005 P. reticulisporum CBS 121 T 100 P. caperatum CBS 75 T 70 P. javanicum CBS 1 P. elleniae CBS 1115T P uruguayense sp. nov. FMR 14490T P. meloforme CBS 57T T Maximum likelihood (ML) tree obtained from the analysis of ITS, 100 P. coeruleum CBS 115 P. levitum CBS 5T BenA and CaM sequence data. Bootstrap support values above P. cluniae CBS 2T P. lineolatum CBS 177T 70 % are shown at the nodes. The alignment included 1 387 bp P. curticaule CBS 15127T T 100 P. limosum CBS 7 (ITS 490 bp, BenA 444 bp, CaM 453 pb) and was performed P. brefeldianum CBS 251T P. raperi CBS 215T with ClustalW and MUSCLE. Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) with P. cremeogriseum CBS 22T P. ortum CBS 15T T P. glaucoroseum N0 Gamma distribution and invariant sites (G+I) was used as the P. janthinellum CBS 0T P. ludwigii CBS 17T best nucleotide substitution model. Both the alignment and P. griseopurpureum CBS 05T P. koreense KACC 7721T tree were constructed with MEGA v. 6.06 (Tamura et al. 2013). P. glabrum CBS 1255T T P. roseoviride CBS 275T The name in red is the new species described. = type strain.

Colour illustrations. Lighthouse at Colonia Del Sacramento, Uruguay (image credit: Rosa Cabecinhas and Alcino Cunha); colonies growing on CYA observe, CYA reverse, MEA observe, MEA reverse, YES observe and OA observe, after 15 d at 25 °C; ascoma, peridial wall; asci; conidiophores; conidia; ascospores. Scale bars: 100 μm (ascoma), 10 μm (all others).

Marcela Guevara-Suarez, Dania García, Josep F. Cano-Lira, Josep Guarro & Josepa Gené, Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Tarragona, Spain; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] & [email protected]