V e e t a r i an g ,

A M ont/My M agaz inep u blished to ad vocate

Wlzo/eso me L ivin g.

V L IV O . .

N E W YOR K :

T H E P I M A N Y VEGETARIAN UBLI SH NG C O P “

3 6 J O H N STREET . I N D E ! .

i 1 2 G W H ab t . A ood elsh , 3 8 E 1 . An Item for Flesh aters , 9

n s 2 . An Illi ois Doctor on Vegetariani m , S British ports , 5 5 .

i S 1 0 . Caut onary uggestions , 9 i S . Chr stian portsmen , 4 3

6 1 6 1 2 i 6 . Cl p pings , 4 , , 7 , 5

a 1 2 m . Debate on Veget rianis , 9

d 2 Dr. Haig on Diet and Foo , 7 .

Feed the Muscles , 5 9 .

d 1 1 Fine for Bir s on Bonnets , 5 .

f N 0 o t . Foods the a ions , 9

G i n ° allop g Consumption at the Table , 5

Horrors of Butchery , 4 5 .

H O W I 1 8 Became a Vegetarian , 7 .

t 1 8 2 Instinctive Vege arianism , . Is Flesh E ating Harmful

e 2 6 Jabb rers , The , .

’ Pa 1 L . adies ge , 5 9

L t . ines to a Lobs er, 44

L n O f d 1 0 incol College , x or , 3 .

1 6 1 Liver, The , .

i i 1 1 1 2 Logic of Vegetar an sm , The , 3 , 5 . 2 Morsels , 9 . 6 E s 8 . My xperience ,

E 1 O n s . Fi h ating , 45

P 1 0 0 . itman Hotel , Birmingham , a 1 6 P . rogress of Vegetari nism , 3

l 1 2 P a A l . rop ganda for , 4 6 R 1 2 . emarkable Cure ,

6 0 R . eviews ,

S M S 1 0 . ound ind in Body ound , 3 n s . The Bi hop and the A gel , 49 6 n . The I dian Valley , 5

S o f th e e 1 0 The cope Veg tarian Argument , 7 . 8 So e 2 . The ya B an , a Vegetarian Treasure, S as a E 6 The tomach a F ctor in volution , 9 .

0 To Honor Tolstoi , 3 .

e d 1 Veg tarian Boar , 3 .

a A 1 0 . Vegetari n Centenarian , , 5

Vegetarian Dream , 9 9 .

r P 1 2 1 Vegeta ian rima Donna , .

R 8 1 Vegetarian estaurants , .

R 1 Vegetarians ejoice , .

a S 1 Veget rian ociety , New York , 7 7 , 44 .

War 1 and Murder , 7 7 .

W a 6 1 hat Is Veget rianism , , 7 . W O ne E hat Man ats , 9 7 .

W 1 0 here the Cocoanut is King , 4 .

VE GE TflR {RN

SUB SCRIP TION :

' Per ear re ai to an art o theWm Id 25 ents. Y , p p d, y p f , c 10S s ri tions to d i er ent ad dr esses ub c p , fi , Sin le o ies 2 ents 5 0 ents er 100. g c p , c ; c p

’ Paolzsaea M ontaly by r an ublishin om n 4 TheVegetai P gC pay, 0JohnStreet, New York City.

r e at theN ew or k Post eas e o nd - m r E nte d Y Offic S c class atte .

L 1 1 8 8 N O 1 VO . . . IV JULY 5 , 9 . .

V ar ian i eget s R ej o ce.

T H E GERMAN WALKING TEST CLAIMED A S A TRIUMP H FO R B THEIR HOB Y .

The Vegetarians ar e making a great ad o o ver the alleged triumph o f their theory in the long- distance o f w 0 G test alking endurance , 7 miles , in ermany

w - this week . The t enty tw o starters included eight Vegetarians The distance had to be covered within 1 8 hours . The first six to arrive were Vegetarians . 1 1 The first finishing in 4 % hours , the second in 4 %

- t 1 6 hours , the hird in the fourth in , the fifth in 1 6 and the sixth in The two last Vegetar s ians mi sed their way and walked five miles more . S All reached the goal in plendid condition . N o t till one hour after the last Vegetarian did the

first meat eater appear , completely exhausted . He 2 T H E VEGETARIAN .

h e O O ff was t only one . thers dropped after thirty five — N ew Yor k Su n miles . .

The above paragraph , with various modifications , i has been published n at least ten per cent . Of the daily press of E urope and America and will prob

ably accomplish vast good . Above all things , the

average man wants to be strong . and to that end is

prone to copy the worst traits o f the lower orders . Apparently he has never noticed that all really strong to animals , that is those that are enabled to continue m perfor hard labor , are herbivorous . The horse , O ! , elephant , camel and others can work day after r o w stro n o n flesh - day and g g it , while the eaters , i l ke the lion and tiger , expend their entire strength in one great rush to secure food and are then inca h S l pa le of exerting themselves for hours. o omon “ s Go aid , to the ant , thou sluggard ; consider her ” e a . W ways , and be wise yield to the tempt tion to

paraphrase and say , Look at the ox , thou weakling ;

consider his food and be strong .

A n Illino is Do ct o r o n Veget ar ianis m .

m e Dr . Monteiro asks certain questions of in the C linic to Which I will reply 1 H o ? . w long has he been a Vegetarian The sentiment o f living W ithout eating flesh of any ani h as mal been growing upon me for several years . v r Circumstances , howe e , kept me from putting this sentimen t into practice until about 2 0 months ago ; the incu m b r anceS I refer to were principally those c b ac ompanying board of various oarding houses ,

hotels , etc . THE VEGETARIAN . 3

” 2 did ? . How he become a Vegetarian Not at ’ ’

n . a yone s solicitation , or on a physician s advice It has gradually grown distastef u l to me to think o f to eating that which was formerly a living organism , whom life was perhaps as dear as it is to me ; whose asso ciations were perhaps as pleasant ; whose ties o f

' affection as strong as m i ne ; w h o for aught that you o r I can say may have as immortal a so u l as you o r o f o r I ; who , if measured by a standard character o ne an morals , may have been our superior ; whose cesto r s e , you no doubt will admit , w re yours and mine . This thought grew upon me until I deter mined that I would not wantonly take the life Of any i animal , unless it was injur ous to my physical welfare , no r eat Of the flesh o f any animal killed by oth ers for no r food . Therefore , I neither fish hunt _“ h o w i 3 . And long does he expect to rema n a Vegetarian ?

Unless my present views change , I will probably t not only con inue to eat no flesh throughout life , but will also become a rigid outstander in regard to milk and eggs , which I have not given up yet . I d o no t make any attempt to justify the use of e ggs . I have a growing distaste for their use and ' feel th at th e t ime is soon coming when I will eat

. 6 them no more This will answer 5 and .

4 . Is he married , and if he has children does he rear them —as Vegetarians ? ” I plead guilty to being married but my guilt is i quite recent , only five months . I have no ch ldren , but if the laws of nature continue to work , probably h will ave . They will be free to choose f o r them to selves when old enough leave my roof , but if I am T H E 4 VEGETARIAN .

master in my o w n house they will no t eat meat P there . lease do not tell me they will starve to

death . “ 7 . Has he ever tried his principle with his n ? patie ts , and with what success I recommend most of my patients to eat little o r d o no meat . Most of them do as they generally when a physician recommends a change in diet— do I as they please . particularly urge Vegetarian diet where the symptoms point to uric acid diathesis and I believe with improvement in some cases “ 8 - O il ? . Does he prescribe cod liver and pepsin co d - I do not prescribe liver oil , but do prescribe e some p psin . I believe , however , that I could do as W well without the pepsin . ood and Fitz do not

attach much value to the digestive ferments . “ so h o w 9 . Did he ever make a proselyte , and if , ‘ long was it before his convert became a backslider ? N O ; I do not feel that it is my m ission to convert n ne “ a y o to Vegetarianism or any ism . I have e made no attempt to get conv rts . “ 1 0 . Has he discovered the Virtues of cocoanut butter in cooking ?

N O ; most of our cooking is boiling and baking . m - Have used so e cotton seed . There are vegetable Oils which serve as useful a purpose as the animal

Oils . In answering these questions I have not given all the reasons f o r not eating meat ; O ne very import i O f ant consideration is the l kelihood disease . Many a cancerous beef has been slaughtered and sold f o r O f ood . ther diseases which attack both man and THE VEGETARIAN . 5

m animal s are present in slau ghtered meat at ti es .

No doubt many tuberculous cows are eaten . Perhaps yo u have all heard o f the man whose “ ’ neighbor remarked that his chickens had the gapes . “ “ ’ M . He replied , ine did have them Haven t they ” got them now ? No ; the preacher was here

Thursday . Perhaps some w h o live in rural districts have not iced h o w anxious the farmer is to see the sto ck

buyer as soon as hogs begin to Sicken with cholera . Would anyone recommend me to eat the flesh Of a h o to sick g in preference wheat , rice , corn , fruit , ? vegetables , nuts , etc . S ? W uppose , though , that it is a well hog hat does the well hog ’s body contain that the above men tio ned v egetable products d o no t contain ? I f any e ? thing , wh re did the hog get it He probably lived mm on grass , and acorns , possibly a few grub

worms . I have seen a few hogs that had an occa sio nal snake o r rat for diet Possibly you have some

patient with trichinosis . The patient ate the hog , th e r at hog ate the snake , the snake ate the , and the ,

poor rat was sick unto death with trichinosis . W a ? h t did you do for your patient , Doctor Did o u no t h o S y tell him to eat another g, that ate a nake , ate ? that a rat , that had trichinosis But suppose the meat is entirely healthy and h i s o r t ealthful , it an advantage a disadvan age to relieve the human stomach of work it should do ? I f be s so , would it not a till greater advantage to refine th e a flesh of the animal , throwing out all w ter , and only give the human stomach the very essence o f nu triment ? 6 THE VEGETARIAN .

to No , Doctor , if you wished a man have a strong right arm you would not prescribe that all work S ea ' f o r t ? hould be made sy tha arm in fact , that it S th e hould be rested all time , and if exercised at all

only passively .

May I ask why Dr . Monteiro eats meat , if he does so ? Is it because his parents did ? Is it because the meat contains nutriment no t to be found in the vegetable pr oducts ? Is it because t h e meat is freer from disease germs than vegetable food ? Would he or any other advance if they did every thing their parents did ?

If Dr . Monteiro advocates the use of meat , by what mode of reasoning is he going to decide that man Should eat hog - meat and not man - meat ; o r if co w - no t - meat , why dog meat ; if rabbit , why not cat ; no t - Tne Ve etar ian if turkey, why turkey buzzard g ’ M essen er ana Review g .

Wh at is Veget ar ianis m .

“ ’ /z ink in Fr om PlainLiving ana H ig/i T g.

Sp eec/i at MeA nnu al [Meetingr of the Vegetar ian Soci ’

et Icela at M ancnester October 1 1 88 . y , , 4, 5

'

C ontz nneclf r o inpage 1 84.

But what have yo u poore Sh eep e misdone a cattell m eeld meek and , ’ m ainteine ref /lose alsoine au s Created for to man , f g ’ ’ ao yecla T H E VEGETARIAN . 7

b Sw eetenectar w h o d o o clo o th S w o o ll , vs with your

in soft aray , Whose life d o th more vs b enefite than doth your death farre way What trespasse hath the oxen done a beast without all guile ' O f vnh u r tf u ll S o craft he is , , imple , borne to lab ur

every while . In faith he is vnm indf u l and vnw o r thie o f increase O f m find e to co e , that in his heart can his tilman release th ro te: i n From plough , to cut his that his heart can find (I say) neck es o ff Those with hatchets to strike , whose skin is worme away ’ With labouring ay for him ; w h o turu d so oft his

land most tough , h o so n 1 1 6 - 1 2 6 W brought many har ests home . . “ And let vs not Tayesces - like thus furnish v p o u r boords O h m W . ith bloody bowels , how lewd exa ple he affords ! How wickedlyprepareth he himself to m u rther man ! That with a cruell knife doth cut the throat o f calfe and can , Vnm o u eab ly giu e hearing to the lowing o f the dam ! O r sticke the kid that w aileth like the little babe ! o r eate T he foule that he h im selfe before had often fed with meate ! V Vh et wants of vtter w ick ednes in working such a feate? H E 8 T VEGETARIAN .

W ? Wel le hat may he after passe to do , either t your steers W th em selu es w o rk e o r i eare out with , else mpute eer s their death to y . Against the wind and weather cold let wethers yeeld

ye cotes , ’ ’ ‘ aaer al o ai li mil/er eceive eo file oz es And v s f l f b ng y f g . innes way with springes , snares , and g , away with A ‘ net rispe and , Away with guileful feats : for foules no lime - twigs

see yee set . No feared feathers pitch ye vp to k eep e the red deere i n , Ne with d eceitf u ll baited hooke seek e fishes for to 6 2 - 6 win . 4 4 7 . M u so niu s o f E b , the teacher pictetus , ranked y 8 8 1 1 O S D R 1 . rigen with ocrates , taught ( . , , p 3 9 , E th ics o Diet 0 f , 3 4) A S S we hould prefer cheap fare to costly , and

that which is easy to that which is hard to procure , so also that which is akin to man to that which is not

so . Akin to us is that from plants , grains and such

other vegetable products as nourish man well ; also , ‘ ’ w /i ai is d er ived r om animals not slan nter ea bu t f , g , olner w iseser viceable O f . these foods , the most suit

able are such as we may use at once without fire , for S such are readiest to hand . uch are fruits in season ’ ni mil/e neeseana li one co bs . and some herbs , , o y More t o over , such as need fire , and belong the classes of i no t gra ns and herbs , are also unsuitable , but are all ,

without exception , akin to man . —I — o f III . will cite but one witness the adviser

l T w ig. T H E VEGETARIAN .

— John Wesley to prove that the distinction bet w een flesh - no t - animal products and meat is new fangled , m but familiar to medical science . Dr . Beau ont , o f l St peeping into the stomach A exis . Martin , found that b eef inflamed the mucous membrane just as “ d ” h . . alco ol did In fact , beef is the brandy of iet

E ar e , I h T/i e E n ggs and milk not inflammatory . g ’ lis/i M alaa or a T r eatise o N er vou s Diseases o y; , f f ’ all Kinas 2 d 1 6 1 ( ed . Lond . 7 3 4, pp . 3 , Dr . Cheyne describes the regimenby which he conquered gout ' and a complication o f diso r d er s w hich had made life intolerable i f My reg men , at present , is milk , with tea , co fee , b u m salladin read and b tter , ild cheese , , fruits and S o f o eeds all k inds , with tender r ots (as potatoes , tur and nips , carrots) , , in short , everything that has not i n h life , dressed or not , as I like it ( w ich there is as 1

o r . a much , a greater variety , than in anim l foods) so

that the stomach need never be cloyed . I drink no no r wine , any fermented liquors , and am rarely dry , c most of my food being liquid , moist or jui y; only ,

, f after dinner , I drink either co fee or green tea , but m a seldom both in the sa e d y, and sometimes a glass of soft small cider . The thinner my diet is , the . ; easier , more cheerful and lightsome I find , myself m my sleep is also the sounder , though perhaps so e what shorter than formerly under my full animal I diet . But then , I am more alive than ever was as I soon as awake and get up . I rise commonly at six , I t and go to bed at ten . The order find in this die , — 1 Her eCh eyned raw s th ed istinc—tio n f o r wh ich Vegetar ians ar etak en to tas b ir Henr y T h o m p so n b et w een m ilk and its pr o d ucts and ani m akf 0d0 s . I 0 T H E VEGETARIAN .

i from much exper ence , is , that milk is the lightest u and best of all foods , being a medi m between ani

mal substances and vegetables ; dressed vegetables , less windy and griping than raw ; ripe fruit than unripe ; the mealy roots more than the fibrous ; and

the dry than the crude vegetables . I find mush , i butter , cream , fat , and oily vegetables , and espec ally f nuts , both hard of digestion , stu fing and inflating . W w hen I am dry ( hich is rarely) , I drink Bath , Bris P tol or yrmont water . Many Vegetarians bear witness that abstinence e from fl sh , fish and fowl restored them to health long unknown ; they have not found it necessary to n renounce milk and eggs for physical regeneratio . O ne f remark be ore leaving the dairy . Many of our t critics forget tha herbivorous and frugivorous , not

less than carnivorous animals , suck the breast . No sane man ever denied that milk is a natural human o b ab eSx f od , at least for Sir H l enry Thompson comp ains of our narrowness , N ineteenth C entu r 1 8 8 ( y , May , 5 , p “ I have no sympathy with any dietary system which excludes the present generally recognized

sources and varieties of food . A catholic dispensation this f or purveyors of polo ’ “ ates ae o ie r as nies , p f g , rotten (or high ) game , t tr zc/i inoszs raw sausages , with heir attendant , oleo

margarine and butterine , and the latest delicacy , From all thes e delights o f the car

i h ir enr h om so n o ld s u th e Str as u r eese E lsew ere(p . 783) S H y T p h p b g g as awfu l exam ples o f liver d er angem ent ; b u t as h u m anfo o d f ate w as o ffer s an ir r esistible ch ar m to th e gour met at m ost w ell fu r nish ed ” t ables .

’ 9 r ns- L exi o 6th ed b er h au sen u nd Listen to Pier er s C onve satio k n ( . O T H E I I VEGETARIAN . nivo ro u s the Vegetarian is debarred by his pri nc i i he ples ; from their deserved pun shment is free . — no t I V. Fasting is , as some have thought , a trick o f priestcraft . The great Destroyer of priestcraft , ' a in i ld f st w th . O coupled g prayer The Catholics , whenthey left the kind and degree and time of fast ’ c t o ing to each man s conscience , were areful not O u r P 2 0 reject it altogether . uritans 5 years ago fasted as rigorously as any hermit . Now we kno w m that meagre or Lenten fare includes eggs , ilk , but o f ter , even fish . These rules fasting are the bequest f S o vast experience . They how that a low diet tends n to mortify the flesh . Vegetaria testimony may not l o f who ly bear out the strong assertion Dr . Jas . C . Jackson —1 “ It is morally and physically impossible for any man to remain a drunkard w h o can be induced to f S forego the use of tobacco , tea , co fee , picy condi ments , common salt , flesh meats and medicinal drugs . But certainly the vast m ajority o f Vegetarians are no ffi teetotalers , though bound by o cial pledge , T h e m ilk ail henroost , the p , the churn , the hive , do ff not brutalize , do not o end our instincts of mercy as do the shambles , cattle transports and trucks , the S pork industry of Chicago , the pigeon hooting of

' i z i x DieS h ne fen elten tii n d as f e nsch m eck L e 1879 . vi. i p g, c p g end ste W ild r et im Her ste sind sie seh r ett d o h im Fru h in p ; f , c g b ' l h m k n i e er I h r Darm ak anal ist h au fi m it Band w fir m er n sc ec e S bess . g s d i h t an ef illlt el h e als eso nd er e e k er bissen e ten. Das Ges c g , w c b L c g l o b ei ed er S h ne en ir d h au n au s ez o en d ie fett e Feu h ti k eit d c pf w g g g , c g , r i welch e eim Br atend er Sch ne fen au s d em M astd ar m t itt , wir m t b p ’ d ger Osteten Sem m elsch nitten au fgesau gt u nd als Sch nep tend r eck f u r ’ in ” o e s u n w as so ld f o r fo o d in sr ael 2 e e Delicatessegeh alten. D v d g I ( Kin vi i in x r m it o f fam ine gs . b u t t w as th ee t e y 1 — ' i Th eDrink C rave H o w to C r e . 3 . u , p 2 T H E E I VEG TARIAN .

H m urlingham , the wholesale slaughter of ga e , the

deer forest supplanting our native peasantry . Mr . C ollyns declared ‘ h a ier and Morally , I am clearer , pp , more anxious

- to serve my fellow creatures than before . E n . Vegetaria s , even of the V . M . persuasion , take

an active part in many works of mercy and charity . C o ll ns : Many can say , with Mr . y “ It was no t the thought o f sickness or death that m m e I t oved primarily to change my mode of living . and Go d was rather a higher , I believe , sent feeling within me that a no bler and better course was asked o f m e m , and was due fro me . — Sir i u r . N e V . O name H . Thompson says ( n te nt i entu 1 8 8 e / C r . y , May , 5 , p It i s incumbent o nthe supporters of this system o f i mixed d et to find a term which conveys the truth , b that truth being that they a jure the use , as food , of

all animal flesh . The words vegetable and “ Vegetarian have no t the remotest claim t o ex m press that fact , while they have an express eaning o f — m their own in daily use na ely , the obvious one

of designating products of the vegetable kingdom . It may not be easy to construct a simple term which f di ferentiates clearly from the true Vegetarian , the person who also uses various foods belonging to the w h o animal kingdom , and abjures only the flesh of

animals . But it is high time that we should be “ inaccu spared the obscure language , or rather the rate statement to which milk and egg consumers are '

committed , in assuming a title which has for centu ries belonged to that not inconsiderable body of per f s ons whose habits o life confer the right to use it .

I T H E E 4 V GETARIAN .

i by definitions like these . The great O xford d ction d o ary of Dr . Murray , instructed by Mr . Axon , will Sir us justice , and make such strictures as Henry ’ Thompson s impossible . S A n E t molo ical ictionar o t/ze W W . D . keat , y g y f E nglis/t Langu age (O xford, classes amongst i ve etar e Ve et - ar - i- an m der vatives from g , g , a odern to ve etable- ar ian coined word , denote a g , or one who m lete Dic . W o . C lives on vegetables Dr _ ebster , p t ionar o tbe E n lisn an L u a R . e . y f g g g . evised by C A Goodrich and Noah Porter (George Bell) : Vegeta r ian O ne who holds that vegetables constitute the

only proper food for man , and who lives solely upon Du n li n . so to them g . The word is unknown Heyse ’ F emaw or ter u c 1 r b n. ( 4th edition . Hanover , Fr emelw or ter bz/c/t n S i The of Da iel anders ( Leipz g , “ 1 8 7 1 ) defines Vegetar ianer Wer nu r von Vegetabil ” w h o o n ien lebt , he lives vegetables alone . This ‘ nu r e , solely , is not foisted in elsewhere , . g . , “ “ Botanop /i ag is Pflanz enesser plant - eater ; H ip o /ta Pfer d efleisch esser h o rsefleSh - p p g, eater ; C ar nivor r flesh - A n , Fleischf essend , eating ; tnr o o na k a ib l nn a . p p g, The fairest interpretation is given under Gala/ato “ /za : M ilch esser E h au t sach lich p g , iner der sich p nah r t - w h o r inci al von Milch , milk eater , one p p ly m il feeds on k . Dictio nnair d l an u eFr ancaise Su e e a L . Littre , g p lement P : h 1 8 p . aris Hac ette , 7 7 . Ve etarianism e s m g , . . Alimentation par les veg

etaux . “ ’ ’ Le vrai vegetar ianism e n est pas l etat primitif de ’ ’ l h u m anite P ou r n aes e ats 2 . D b , H DE ARVILLE , f . , 5 re ° O c 1 8 Feu ill t t . e on 1 a e col , 7 7 , , p g , 3 . THE VEGETARIAN . 5

ar ien s m ne Vit Ve et . . g , Celui qui que de sub

stances vegetales . “ no u s c Les memes aliments que , arnassiers , nous i le ve etar ien t tirons de la v ande , g , secte plus eligi i i R n sc ent fi u e . H E e se que q , les tire de ses choux , L l M u scle Bi liot/i u niv et Rev su isse M A N N € b . . . , , , dans , l 1 8 2 1 t . iii . , juin , 7 5 , p . 5 . botano na ists lt to /za If we call ourselves p g , or p y p ists cer ealians o f g , or , that would not necessity imply o f the exclusive , but only the predominant , use veg o f l etable diet or grain . Two litt e words continually — l l skulk into the definition o f o u r name ony and a l. “ “ ’ Do ? Wh v e e you take tea No . y, tea s a g o t table . S with obacco and countless other noxious A S all herbs . Vegetarians , we are supposed to eat d — vegetable pro ucts hemlock and the rest . You

have seen that , as Vegetarians , we are commanded by Sir Henry Thompson and lexicons to eat only o u vegetable products . Would y be surprised to

learn that , as Vegetarians , looking at the word ety m o lo icall no t o u r g y, historically or , in the light of ffi i h eat all O cial definition , we are ne t er required to onl no r vegetable products , nor vegetable products y , even vegetable products at all ? Far from commit u S ting to abstain from milk and eggs , the name derives its connection with diet exclusively from the S definition given to it by our ociety. ’ T o i becont nu ea. 1 6 THE VEGETARIAN .

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T HE PE RFE C T WAY IN DI E T .

A tr eatise advo cating a r etu r n to th e natur al and i anc ent food o f o u r r ace. B Y A NNA ING F D K S O R , D ct r o f M edici e o f the Facu lt o f Par is o o n y , i h i io n 1 S xt Ed t , 8 9 5 . P r ice 7 5 c . , Po s t Fr ee.

'I'IIE VEGETA IA LISHI 4 R N PUB NG C O 0 Joh nSt New York .

- 05 . H OL M E S P R . 7 3 7 9 U L TON s r . N . 4 , , F , y SUB SCRI PTION : ' Per ea/r i e aid to an art o th eWor Y , p p , y p f ld, 10 S s r i tions to di er ent a r esses ub c p , fi dd , Sin le o i es 2 ents 5 0 ents er 100. g c p , c ; c p

’ Pu blis/i ea M ontnly by n 4 TheVegetarianPublishingCompay, 0JohnStreet, New York City.

r - E ntered at th eN ew Yo k Post Ofiiceas Second class inatter .

1 1 8 8 2 VO L . S . . IV AUGU T 5 , 9 No . .

Wh at is Vegetar ianis m .

“ ’ Fr om Plain ivin ana H i /i Tb inlain L g g g.

Sp eeclc at tileA nnu al M eeting of tli e Vegetar ianSoci ’ et li ela at M ancne ter cto er s O b 1 1 88 . y , , 4, 5

’ ontinu ea m a C fr o p ge 15 .

W libr ar ian anti hen means an eater of books , nar ian ve etar ian o an eater of antiques , even then g “ will not , cannot , mean an eater of vegetables . o ld R l Your learned townsman , my friend Mr . oby , has -cited m any nouns substantive and adjecti ve end in in ar iu s=E n l — f . o s g g arian . All the e are derived t from nouns substantive or adjec ive , none from s P verb . rofessor Skeat was misled by a borrowed

lL ain r mm r V l I t G a a . o . ar a r a h 942 p g p . 1 8 E THE V GETARIAN .

A nti u u s anti u a definition . g , ancient ; g , an ” “ anti u ar ias one tiques ; q , who studies , deals in , — an has to do with , antiques antiquary or antiqua “ So ve etar ias o ne h . w o rian g , studies , has to do ” 1 as a ve eta. W ve et o u with , g hat g means y sh ll hear from impartial lips : Ve etu s w /i ole sou nd str on u ick r es/z livel g , , , g, q , f , y , lu st allant tr im br ave to r e r esk r eer e y , g , , ; vegeto , f , ate or make livel lu st u ick and str on to make , y , y , q g, sou nd — S K LatinDictionar L o n (THOMA HOLYO E , y . d n o .

o f Ve etu s a ile Ainsworth adds to the senses g , g , aler t br isk cr ank er t ou r isk in vi or ou s ne , , , p , fl g, g , fi , seasonable; and renders the primitive vegeo to be lu st and str on sou nd and w k ole to make br isk y g, or ; or mettlesome to r e r esk ; f . The word vegetar ias belongs to an illustrious fam

. Ve etable h as ily g , which been called its mother , is v really its niece . Vegetation , vigil , igilant , Vigor ,

Gr . invigorate , wake , watch , wax , augment ; the o f b iene (sound) ; Hygieia , the goddess health ; yg , — the science o f health all these are more o r less dis

tant relatives . o ne The Vegetarian , then , is who aims at whole

ness , soundness , strength , quickness , vigor , growth , w o n r e wakefulness , health . These must be by a

turn to nature , and the natural food for man is a diet

1T h e p ed igr eeis vegeo l vegetu s T E 1 H VEGETARIAN . 9

ar inacea b of fruit and f , with which some com ine such animal products as may be enjoyed without destroying sentient life . In the German journals O f kindred societies the " - i i o n true derivation has frequently been ns sted . ’ E d u ar d Baltz er s Vor tr a u ber Ve etar ianism u s am g g , ' 2 7 u ni 1 8 7 0 im sac/zsisck en H of eu N u r nberg gebal

en G . t . (Nurnberg , Meyer . ) E xplaining the meaning of the term Vegetarian ism to , for the benefit of those whom it may be 8 unknown , Baltzer says (pp . , H o mo vegetu s denoted for the ancient Roman one whose whole appearance betokened a healthy vigor of nature ; mens vegeta a Soul sound to the co re and full o f activity ; ingeniu m vegetu m an intel s f lect pos essed o energy and force . In its origin , therefore , the word has nothing whatever to do with that sense which modern usage would thrust o r upon it , which jesters apply , when they take an Opportunity to invite us to the meadow as grass - eat ” ers . o f G S At a meeting the erman Vegetarian ociety , th -1 8 6 Secu riu s r at Cologne , 7 j une , 7 , , p oposing to r change the name , was left in a mino ity of one , Dr . Dock declaring that the name continu ally improved upon one ; by degrees we feel it to be an honor to be Ver einsblatt u r Fr eu d called Vegetarians . [ f n e der natu r lzc/zen Lebensw' eise Ve etar ianer N 8 O . ( g ) 7 , p . d 1 8 6 N 8 o . 8 Nordhausen , 3 July , 7 ] In A u 1 8 6 t h ( g , 7 , p . Baltzer states at at the first i o f const tution the society , after much consideration , the members adopted the name German Union to P ” d romote a Natural Mode of Living , a ding in 2 0 T H E VEGETARIAN . brackets (Vegetarians) for the sake o f historical con tinu it w y, After ards much pains was taken to find a m short , plain substitute for Vegetarianis , but in E s w ir d zo o/cl au c/i ver eblicli bleiben b e vain . g I lieve the endeavor will remain fruitless . Ver eins latt N 2 1 b O . Baltzer himself ( , , st August , ’ 1 8 6 8 1 8 P S : , p . ) once shared rof. keat s error “ ‘ ’ If we choose to call ourselves Vegetarians , o u r from vegetables , that is very inexact , and we , no t C selves , only give occasion to others to hristen ’ - us , in mockery , grass eaters , but , what is worse , ” by the obscure name we obscure the thing itself . n o f By the first meeti g the Union , Nordhausen , 1 h 8 6 d N 1 0 1 t 1 s O . . 9 May , 9 ( . , , pp 49 , Baltzer e had learnt better . Various names had b en pro “ ” “ ” “ S - - posed , elf reformers , Frugalists , Fruit eat i ers . V enna friends wished to retain the term h ad Vegetarian , as it been naturalized and was his to r icall y significant . It was resolved to keep it , understanding that it denoted “ the vigor of the whole man (d ie Kr af t zgk eit d es gesam nzten ensclzen M ) . 1 6 u At the same meeting (p . 5 ) the q estion was “ milk e s k one ace put , , gg , y Are animal products (p Sir o f b H . Thompson) living creatures allowa le as o r m ? food , to be recom ended After some discus P sion, the resident remarked that such questions could only be settled by very detailed investigations from various points o f view . The German society neu proscribes narcotics and intoxicants , but is still 1 tral with regard to animal products .

1 SeeN o 24 and Dec 1870 . 369 . . , , p

2 2 T H E R VEGETA IAN .

ilh f n W . Dr . Fr . Dock (medical director o the U ” ’ W G eber d ie sittlic/ze u na St . U tern ald , allen) , esu ndlt eitlick e Bedeu tu n des Ve etar ianis mu s g g g natu r emasse Lebensw eise St Ga Zo llik o f er ( g ) , . llen , , I S7 8 P 7 : “ The name Vegetarian will probably stick to us ; d o d men , indeed , laugh at it , because they un er stand by it only a plant - eater ; but it has a very dif f er ent n meaning . For we derive the ame from the ve etas Latin word g , which signified among the R u omans a man so nd in body and intellect , brisk

and energetic . O u r m a az m e no t own g has , I think , anywhere f See Dietet ic given the true etymology o our title . Re or mer f r 1 8 8 0 2 2 8 o . : f , pp 7 , “ S o ne o f Mrs . Buckton peaks in her lectures as if she thought that Vegetarians were ignorant that

milk , and eggs , and cheese are animal products . We i e are qu te awar that , if we use milk and other no t h animal products , we are strictly w at the word “ S o f o u r Vegetarian implies . ome members , we sa s may y, are really what the name implie , but our neces society itself commends to its members , as a sit n m no t y, abstine ce fro the flesh only , but from the i s . products , of live an mal n 8 0 W O th S 1 . the 5 eptember , 5 , Mr j onathan right ,

o f P Ve etar ian M essen er . . . hiladelphia ( g g , vol ii , p i u showed some nkling of the tr th .

~ i d . . V etar an M essen er v o l. . The eg g , i appen , p vii , teaches in what sense a man becomes vegetu s by our in 1 8 0 : E . . G . rule , a stonemason , wrote February , 5

” 1 On th e M or al and Sanitar y Significance o f Vegetar ianism (th e N atu r al M o d eof Life) . T H E VEGETARIAN .

1 1 I am 4 years of age , have been a teetotaler 4 t e o f S years , but have had a grea d al ickness , and have generally been suff ering fro m so m e ailment or r i d i e othe , arising , I believe , from mproper et , ven SO from my boyhood . I have suffered immensely

. t from pills , draughts , etc , that my consti ution is ’ become quite weak . He was advised to live entirely O n d f upon fruits and farinacea . the 3 o June he : o n fir st - wrote I get now rate , being able to regu o f late the action mv system like clockwork , and l o f keep in excellent health , entire y without the use medicine of any description ; and altogether I feel in

a blessed state o f existence . I am more buoyant in — i I i S . S pirits more ag le My physical energy ncreased ,

and altogether I enjoy a new life . It was a blessed day f o r me when Providence first led me to see the S S Vegetarian tracts , imply by accident , in a hop

to Sir I have shown , in reply Henry Thompson h o u r I . If we say not ing in profession about milk and eggs— if we can neither endorse nor disprove by o f w e a counter statement figures , though gravely

h is l t i t - w question , forma statis ics , N ne een t entieths o f Vegetarians make large use o f m ilk and its p r o d — if ucts and eggs , I say , we cannot satisfy his o u r f o r curiosity on this head , it is because society th e its mally , from first , proclaimed neutrality with u regard to s ch substances , making war in its corpo o u rate capacity solely fish , flesh and fowl . Among the Danielite O rder Sir Henry will find what h is soul in G E longs for the arden of den . P II . If we are inconsistent , ythagoras and Muso 2 E 4 THE VEG TARIAN .

m nius , to whom one may add the Brahmins and ost

Vegetarian races , are inconsistent also .

III . Milk and its products and eggs are allowed flesh - by the faculty where they proscribe meat , and n E our converts recover o a V . . M . diet from gout and other disorders brought on by a riotous use o f

flesh . I V A E d i i . V . . M . iet is dist ngu shed from a flesh diet in ecclesiastical rules of fasting , and tends to subdue the grosser appetites .

V. The word Vegetarian , far from being hun _ o f Sir dreds years old , is a modern coined word , as Henry might learn fro m Professor Skeat ; far from to r committing us abstain from animal p oducts , it no o r more implies eating abstinence on the face of it , “ i ” “ than do antiquar an , librarian .

I am an antiquarian . I was for three years libra N o rian at Cambridge . man ever summoned me to o r i to k ellu o eat antiquities , in a l teral sense become libr or u m Wh o f . y, in the name wonder , should an eminent surgeon let Slip the dogs o f scorn and indig i nation upon me , and call me by implication a l ar , as b if , a Vegetarian , I use the liberty allowed y my o f profession , and return sometimes to the diet my cradle ? n r o d o mo P o t . I have been pleading p ersonally , when alone , I am a Vegetarian of the straitest sect , never hearing of an experiment in plain living b u t I Yet am eager to try it . from the first I resolved , f when abroad , to give no o fence by exaggerated seru ples . Fish , flesh , fowl , soup , with stock , are refused as easily as cau liflo w ers o r turnips ; but if I p r y into every pudding and cake you are quite sure there 2 THE VEGETARIAN . 5

no no no ? — I b is milk , eggs , butter here ecome a flatter nuisance . If ladies heap eggs on your plate , ing themselves that they are saving you from star va w h o so - to ? tion , stony hearted as undeceive them It n t m o o . pleases them , and does harm you In y h rooms I never take milk , but at refres ment bars I encourage the demand as against alcohol ; so I buy no t d o l honey , because I cannot perfectly we l with o u t it to - e , but in order promote bee ke ping . ne E h o s O word more . urope has been called a s A S — pital , a lazarhou e . Vegetarians seeking a — sound mind in a sound body w e would convert it o f E e into a paradise health . very consistent V geta f o f E e rian is an unpaid o ficer health . urop has been o f called the hell animals , shambles , an Akeldama , o r field o f blood ; o u r reform w ould turn it into a f r o . garden , a pleasance , a preserve all innocent life ’ Tk ey slzall not li ar t nor destr oy in all God s li o ly mo u ntain S o o f . trong meat will g the way strong a f — — drink . The st ff o life wholemeal bread is no rotten reed th at will break under our weight ; trus t that primeval word : “ o u Behold , I have given y every herb bearing o f seed , which is upon the face all the earth , and o f l every tree , in the which is the fruit a tree yie ding ” to o u f r seed ; y it shall be o meat . We ar inacea— accept the omen . Fruits and f the

- - — seed bearing herb , the fruit bearing tree were the ’ alpha of man s diet ; they Shall be the omega . From a garden to a garden , through slaughters and errors innumerable , winds the journey of the human race ; through wars and bloodshed to perfect peace . 2 6 THE VEGETARIAN .

T h e J ab b er er s .

S : T/ze Talk in Room o M e abber er s C lu b CENE g f j .

O ne of the great arguments in favor of Vege tar ianism th e fl - , said Bishop, is that a esh diet can only be o b ta' ned by cruelty of which o ne does not like to think . “ S - I question that , said the cientist , the pole axe i ” drops an animal very qu ckly . “ ” “ W ! i ou hat excla med the Alderman , have y ever b een in a Slaught er - house ? I thought it was only Vegetarians that went poking their noses into dirty places .

- I have never Visited a slaughter house myself , S “ the cientist answered , but I am told that bullocks u are killed expeditio sly and , so far as we can judge tt r in these ma ers , quite painlessly , by the o dinary t - methods of Slaugh er men . P Ve e eople who have been there , said the g

- i f . S tar an , tell a dif erent story A laughter man E “ The picure rose . I must leave you to the de o f i lights your conversation , he sa d the butcher does not interest me and I object to discussing his axe and his knife .

And he left the room . “ i My argument , said the Vegetarian , is br efly a i n this . The killing of n mals ca not be accomplished except by degradingthose concerned in the business ; and when a man has a natural contempt for life yo u cannot expect him to take the greatest pains to pre T vent a little suff ering on the part of animals . hose h people who have studied the matter , who ave paid T H E VEGETARIAN .

S - personal visits to laughter houses , are convinced — to o that there is cruelty and gross cruelty , in our methods . W ff ell , we have all to su er pain , exclaimed the “ ’ Alderman ; we can t get rid o f o u r sorrows and o u r suffer ings any more than the sparks can help going chm ine up the y, as the poet says . In that case why not make life miserable f o r your children said the Vegetarian . “ “

Ro t ! Y o u . cried the Alderman . talk nonsense no t to I think . You do all in your power safe ’ f o u guard your children from su fering , don t y ’ f nu O . cause , I do I don t want to cause them necessary pain . E t i ’ xac ly , said the Vegetar an , and we don t to want cause animals unnecessary pain . “ th e B The private slaughter house , said ishop , i to strikes me as an ev l . Cruel lads are said make oxen and Sheep to undergo the most excruciating i f agonies in order to grat fy their lust for su fering . “ ! “ n Ah exclaimed the Vegetarian , whe we know what torture has been dealt out by mankind to s the animal he is supposed to protect , we shall be e astounded that such devils could ever ent r his mind . “ o f S - a I am in favor public laughter houses , s id

. h u the Bishop , firmly I hold t at the private sla gh - S i ter house hould be done away w th . “ ’ But w h ydon t you say so publicly the Vege

tarian asked , a little eagerly . The thing will never come abou t until o u r public men have the courage ” to speak out . o I would g even a step further than the Bishop , 2 8 THE VEGETARIAN . said the Scientist I would advocate the use o f a l h et al chamber . ’ And why don t you say so publicly the slaugh ter - man E At this point the picure returned , but hearing “ ‘ the word slau ghterman h e stopped on the thresh ld o . W ill you never talk about subjects , he said , which interest educated men ? Must it always be Meat and Butchers ’ “ Meat s all right , said the Alderman , but hang T/ze e etar ian ond on V L . the butchers , I say . g ,

T h e So ya B ean: a Veget ar ian T r eas u r e.

BV P - BE A U M E T z P/i sician to flee ROF . DUJ ARDIN , y C oc/i znH os ital Par is p , .

S o r S a The oja , oy bean , is the j apanese bean G cine so a i ( ly j ) , cult vated in certain countries of E S urope , and more particularly in Hungary , ince 1 8 h i m 7 5 . This bean , w ch contains extre ely little h as i starch , and been employed in the d etetic treat o f d iab etis L ecer f ment by , contains a very large o f i i and amount album no d matter (flesh formers) ; , on referring to the different analyses published by Steu ff n P u , Capa , ellet and M ntz , we find the follow ing percentage of th ealim entary principles contained : b m in this bean al uminoid atter , per cent . ; i fatty matter , per cent . If this analys s is com h o f m n pared with t at eat , the j apanese bea has a i f dec ded advantage over bee . i i From an al mentary point of V ew , the soya bean

T H E 3 0 VEGETARIAN .

' n ai quite a boy he evinced , like so many childre , r flesh - h ad aversion to all meat , but it was not till he reached mat u re manhood that he joined th e Voge m tarian ranks on purely oral grounds . He reports that the transition to the new mode of life caused h im n no inconvenience whatever , and he has , duri g m the past five years , further restricted his diet , fro r ' no w — e which he excludes all animal products ggS, S h e milk , cheese . ince he has become a Vegetarian ; n l has felt stronger , fresher , clearer , and has bee ab e h i fl h - s to do better work than during s es eating day . Teichert is an excellent and enduring cyclist ; cycling serving him as the necessary bodily exercise after h is daily work as a teacher in the grammar school Of

Kustrin .

The Secu riu s Institute for Vegetarian children “ h as no w becom e the property o f the Vegetarier d o f u e Bun . This generous gift a ho se , a pi ce of 1 0 00 0 a ground and J £ , in c sh has been accepted , and we are pleased to note that the Vegetarier Bund will keep the institution under its immediate and sole h is . w o control A capable teacher , to be responsible to u l the B nd , wil be entrusted with the education o f n— Tk e Ve etar ian and training the childre g , L ond on .

T o IIOno r T o ls t o n.

The seventieth anniversary of the birthday o f t o f Count Leo Tols oi , and the completion , his fiftieth

year in active literary work , will be celebrated by a 1 THE VEGETARIAN . 3

o n o f Se dinner at the St . Denis Hotel the evening p 6 tember . The arrangements are in the hands o f an informal committee composed o f well known literary people . e S d V getarians have not been pecially invite , and it ’ is probable that the Count s literary ability will r e ceive greater honor than his moral character ; there fore it would be well that all Vegetarians Should o f make it a point to be present . All admirers the great Russian are invited to attend . Tickets can be 2 L E . C . 1 had from rnest H rosby , No iberty street , 2 New York City ; price $ .

Veget ar ian Bo ar d .

We are constantly i n receipt of letters inquiring where they can obtain Vegetarian board in the city , and we shall be greatly obliged if any o f o u r friends who can accommodate one or more boarders will favor us with their addresses . We have no doubt but t hat a properly conducted ' Vegetarian boarding house could b e made to pay a fair remuneration to its proprietor , but at the same time such an undertaking Sho u ld not be entered on by persons without capital . It would probably take about a year to secure a full and consequently paying to at house , Moreover , be successful it must be ex en tractive , while furniture and fitting up comes p ’ sive . A Vegetarian s home should be superior in all to fle h - things the abiding place of the average s eater . 2 3 THE VEGETARIAN .

M ’ T h e J . W. S COTT CO P A NY . L d .

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Prices Paid for all AmericanCoins worth over Face. 1 0 Fully illustrated . cents , post free . e eta11 11 a . nlinen 2 Volu meI . , attractively bou nd i , 3 0pages, price Vl m l if m bin in o u e l. , u n or d g, Contains many valuable articles on the subject and wo u ld make a suitable present for Vegetarians o r i th nking peo ple . T HE PE FE C T WA Y IN DI E T R .

A tr eatise advo cating a r etur n to th e natu r al and a ci e t f d o f o u r r ace n n oo . B Y A NNA INGSFO D K R , D ct r o f M ed c e o f the Fa lt o f Par is o o i in cu y , Pr i 7 Sixth Ed it io n, 1 8 9 5 . c e 5 c . , Po s t Fr ee.

HE E E A IA LISHI G 4 oh n N T V G T R N PUB N C O 0J St ew York .

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n l o i 2 ents 5 0 ents er 100. Si e es g c p , c , c p Pu blis/i ed M ont/zly by 4 TheVegetarianPublishingCompany, 0JohnStreet, New York City.

nt r at th eN ew or k Post eas e ond - ass ma r E e ed Y Offic S c cl tte .

VO L S P 1 1 8 8 . IV . E TEMBER 5 , 9 . No . 3 .

Is Fles h - E at ing Har m f u l ?

BY R H A DW E N W . . R D . . P ALTER , M . , L C . . ,

S E T . R . . C M . C . ,

It is not enough to be able to demonstrate that a Vegetarian dietary contains every principle needful to health and strength nor is it deemed sufficient that the evidenceupon which is built up the boastful pretensions of flesh food Should be open to criticism

and bristling with fallacies . Not even will the hideous cruelties and inde scribable horrors attending the procuration and slaughter of the creatures which are called upon to yield ' th em selves u nw illing Victim s to this perpetual sacrifice appeal to the loftier instincts ‘ o f flesh - m or the higher feelings the eating co munity . a ; S They rgue uch questions do not concern us . f There should be no su fering , no cruelty in the E 3 4 THE VEG TARIAN .

law d matter . The and the police should o their d t uty ; and they complacen ly feed on . If meat h s We in does them no arm they are atisfied . live a selfish w o r ld ! Let us then , before proceeding fur W ther with our subject , ask the question hich heads “ — - the present article Is flesh eating harmf ul ? I Shall not at the present moment attempt to deal t o w h ich e with the diseases flesh is liabl , although h s such a subject , unpleasant as it is , is one which a to be faced . But the point to which I desire to draw ’ the reader s attention in the present article is no t “ ” “ o f that of diseased meat , but good, sound , ‘ ” “ ” “ fresh , sweet , wholesome meat ; such meat , in fact , as paterfamilias sets before his guests upon the d ining table w ith the sou l - satisfying declaration “ ’ That s oneof the finest joints of meat that can be i obta ned in the market . In connection with this delicious and unsuspicious s th e looking joint , I desire to a sociate name of a h as scientific investigator , who devoted some fifteen years of his life to a study of the claim Of this p ar tic o f fo o d ’ and ular article , in fact to the claims of all — I kinds of flesh to which it is allied mean Dr . P Alexander Haig , M . A . , M . D , , hysician to the Metropolitan Hospital and the Royal H ospital for Children and Women . The whole o f his life he had been suffering from _“ l m e r u m s o r what is commonly ca led the g , m i r aine o f h eadach e g , a severe form usually extend o ne S ing along ide of the head , and producing for the time being such intense pain as occasionally to unfit the sufferer f o r any action whatever ; sometimes T H E VEGETARIAN . 3 5

n accompa ied by nausea and vomiting , and generally m n i great e tal depress on . o f in th e Dr . Haig tried drugs every description w i h u hope of remedying his calamity but t out s ccess . At last he decided to give up butch er ’s meat and c b and repla e it y milk fish , partaking of the latter in decreasing quantities until cheese and milk formed the only products of the animal kingdom used i n his as e dietary . A change w sp edily apparent ; the head aches diminished ih frequency and severity until eventually eighteen months elapsed wi thout any no ;

ticeab le return . S hould , however , in a moment of friendship and f i iendly intercourse th e lessons of the past have a been forgotten , and flesh me t upon perhaps two or to o ld more successive occasions resorted , the enemy a a w s sure to put in an appe rance . There could‘ be no question therefore in themind f o Dr . Haig that flesh food was the prime cause of

all m S , his trouble , and , as ight be upposed , like u a tho ghtful scientific man , he naturally asked him s o self why this was . s m ~ He soon discovered , in carefully noting the y p e toms which accompanied migraine , that th y bore a t o strong relationship gout , and as the deposition of uri c acid inthe tissues forms the important factor in the latter disease he wondered whether uri c acid could have anything to d o with the affection from w f hich he su fered so grievously . Now , we have alreadymentioned that a th ird part of all the nitro genous matter taken into the system is converted u r ea a o f into , which , by me ns the kidney , is washed

. A t u out of the body the same time , ric acid is also 6 ’ 3 THE VEGETARIAN . formed in the proportion o f about one part o f uric acid - five o f to o o f to thirty urea , and it , , in the form u iS ' car r ied rates of ammonium and other salts , away by the same means . d Impressed with the i ea that , probably , the pres ence of uric acid in the system might have something d o m t to with the headaches to which he was a ar yr , ex eri Dr . Haig commenced a series of exhaustive p ments upon himself and others , such as can find no counterpart in anyone else ’ s investigations bearing u n pon this interesti g subject . u He examined the rine before , during , and after estim ated h e r headache , and t u ic acid upon each occa ‘ sion ; and he w as d r iv ento the conclusion that adistinct and definite relation did exist between the excretion o f uric acid and the headache ; and every symptom i connected with it bore a corresponding relat onship . He furthermore discovered that the excretion o f uric acid from the system was completely within his C to ontrol , and that he could alter it from day day and even from hour to hour in either direction W b e th e c at pleasure . hen induced excretion of uri acid (by certain drugs) he produced the head ache ; when he stopped the excretion , the headache dis appeared .

But , by stopping the excretion , it was evident that H d t . the uric aci mus go somewhere , and Dr aig noticed that the sto ppage was invariably accompanied s h h e by pricking , shooting pain in the joints , w ich concluded to be evidence o f th e fact that the uric d acid had , as in the case of gout , been retaine in f the a fected parts . That is , the uric acid had been a d its rendered less soluble in the blood , n deposition

8 N . 3 , THE VEGETARIA was the same kind o f headache induced by swallow h ing uric acid , and the headache was relieved w en th e u ric acid was eliminated from the blood . N o w , if a man who is daily eating flesh food is i u daily ntroducing a certain amo nt of uric acid , ready I S excr e formed , into his system , which but partially t ed it clear t , is hat by middle life a very large amount will have accumulated in the tissues , over h it no t and above t at which has been excreted , and is to be wondered at , then , upon this theory , that about o f that time life , certain forms of gout or rheumatism u begin to manifest themselves , nless , perhaps , the individual has been accustomed to take extremely active exercise . There does not appear to be any evidence that a gouty man for ms more uric acid in proportion to the a - f ure than a non gouty man , the di ference consists in ' the fact that h e introduces more into the system

' ready f o r m ed b y means of the animal food which he r i n very frequently and pe haps extensively indulges . O n page 9 5 o f his Uric Acid in the c ausation of ” Disease , Dr . Haig presents a chart showing the eff ect on the excretion of uric acid of two dinners i o n consist ng of soup , fish and meat , two consecutive days . The excretion markedly increased on the days the dinners were indulged i n and then gradually de clined s as the flesh meat was discontinued , ome fifteen grains extra Of uric acid having been ap l p arent y added to the system thereby . That meat is a stimulant goes without saying ; it u is unnecessary to argue the point , as it is f lly admitted by all ad cates of flesh food . Its stimula ' tiveeff ects produce a sense of strength and happiness T HE VEGETARIAN . 3 9

as long as the individual keeps well . It is its pleas i ef n ing, st mulating fects which render the refrai ing ffi s n from its use so di cult . Thi conti ued stimulation keeps the blood itself clear o f uric acid owing to the

. acid salts contained in the meat . For when the natural alkalinity of the blood is reduced, the uric acid is rendered insoluble and deposits largely in the

liver , kidney, muscles , joints , and other tissues , and accumulates there instead of being carried off by the

kidney . W w th e alk aa hen , ho ever , illness supervenes , and linit of r y the blood is increased , the u ic acid emerges

from its hiding places , is dissolved in the blood , the

blood pressure increases , corresponding headaches i m - i ensue , w th se i blindness , cold extrem ties and the f r like , and the su fere at once rea ps the disappointing harvest o f the seed which he has been u nwittingly sowing for many a day under the mistaken impres sion that he was adding strength and vigor to his

frame . W o f hen the stimulation meat fails , wines and alcoholic liquors are added to supplement the nunat C to ural raving of the system , and when these fail effect their purpose the general breakdo w n ensues b and the individual ecomes a physiological wreck .

E very drug in fact which clears . the blood of uric acid but does not clear it o u t o f the system is a its i stimulant , and act on of stimulation is invariably

followed by depression . o f The eating flesh food then , interferes with the

u r ic f acid solubility of in the blood stream . This produces a Stimulating effect for a time because the h incentive to igh blood pressure has been removed , 0 4 THE VEGETARIAN . b u t this lively condition is inevitably follo w ed by a corresponding depression which requ ires still further stimulation to remove it . ' I-f w l uric acid itself is s allowed , similar results wil H ai u o tes 1 0 8 ensue . Dr . g q on page the fact that in Morocco the popular remedy for —severe fright in “ a child is a drink of urine , preferably that of

S . R a virgin . In outh America , says Dr ushton “ P S arker , the urine of little boys is poken of highly mu m l - as a sti lant in a ignant small pox . And as a a - m el u stimulant and gener l pick p , the Chinese and ’ Malays o f Batavia toss O ff a glass . o f child s or young ’ t girl s urine with great gusto and apparen benefit . The ancient prescription of pigeon ’s dung and rep ’ tile s excretaact in just the same way as a meat diet . Similarly beef tea h as been used for years and

s m - - u year in this country as a sti ulant and pick me p , but m ost thoughtful doctors no w acknowledge that it is little if anything better than urine . But all this undeniable temporary benefit means the deposition o f u ric acid in considerable quantities in the tissues where it acts as a direct local irritant , o and , as such , bec mes the subsequent factor in the o f e production a number of diseases alr ady alluded to .

Moreover , the circulation and nutrition , the func tion and temperature of the whole body are affected in o f consequence “ the fine capillary blood vessels being periodically, obstructed by the uric acid ; the resulting ' high pressure o f blood has adirect eff ect u pon the heart , and is productive of the overpower ing headaches from which meat eaters at th ese times f su fer . T h e i s r o stimulationw hich meat creates apt. to p A 1 THE VEGET RIAN . 4 duce a craving for alcoh olic liquors for the purpose o f remedying the depression which follows the stim u latio n it a n , and is especi lly beer and acid wi es which ar e h e called for , which only add to t mischief by clearing the blood temporarily o f uric acid and pre n th e k venti g its excretion by idney . The alkaline “ salts of fru it and veget ables have an entirely Opposite f t r elin e fect , and it is upon these grounds tha the qu ish ing o f a meat diet becomes one o f the most “ powerful arguments o f the u p - to - date temperance o f reformer , in teaching the Victims intemperance e r how to overcom the craving for d ink . The conclusions which will be found in the classi o f Dr cal work . Alexander Haig , and which in the co u rse o f some seven hundred pages nar rate by means of charts and letterpress a multitude o f exacting experiments upon this i mportant and deeply i i i h nterest ng subject , can only be l ghtly touc ed upon i s t o here . It my privilege , however , to point those conclusions as an authoritative and painstaking sci entific s o f i o ne contribution to the tudy dietet cs , and which gives to Vegetarianism a place o f special di importance in relation to health and sease . The poisonous nature o f flesh food has been f u lly ‘ b nu e established y these unique researches . It is nc in essary , view of these investigations , for writers to pile on the agony over tuberculous oxen o r m easle or k ' th e of h u y p , evils whic , it may be arg ed b f o H in reply , can be removed ye fectual co king . ere we stand face to face with an evil affecting the very o ne best of meat , and which cooking cannot in the t leas degree remedy . The o ne remedy for the evil so graphically de 2 4 THE VEGETARIAN .

i h im to scribed by Dr . Ha g , and traced by the t accoun of flesh meat , is an entire alteration in diet . “ P i 15 revent on better than cure . If excess of uric acid in t h e blood and tissues is the cause of so much mischief , and if this excess of uric acid is conveyed into the system by means of flesh food which and tr a1n1n r fashion , and habit , artificial g have e ro neo u sly endowed with a reputation of superlative m good , the logical conclusion we are co pelled to arrive at is this : that in the interest of health the vagaries o f fashion must be put upon o neside and n flesh food of all ki ds be abandoned . But a word in warning : no seeker after health must expect an benefit in health from the relinquishment of flesh meat and the adoption of a Vegetarian - o r what we may call a 717 25 aczd m e T h e e o diet reason is this . a Vegetarian di t pr duces an exactly Opposite condition of blood to that of flesh food . The latter decreases the alkalinity of the blood

' and ra1ses the acidity o f the urine ; a Vegetarian t 1ncr eases diet , upon the o her hand , the alkalinity of a “ the blood and lessens the cidity of the urine . A meat diet , as we have seen , renders insoluble the uric acid in the blood because of the acid salts it introduces . Thus by means of such a diet the uric o u t th bu t acid is deposited and cleared of e blood , it is not cleared out of the system . It is stored up in u the tiss es in readiness for trouble m a future day. A e th e Vegetarian diet , how ver , by reason of increased alkalinity it induces d zsso/w s ou t the uric e it acid from the tissues wher the meat has driven , and places it in a position whereby it may be ex reted e the c from the body . But th very fact of T H E VEGETARIAN .

- blood becoming loaded with these urates , which ' no o k and o f creep from every corner the tissues , in t h e obedience to the call of altered blood , serves to increase f o r atime the blood pressure and to create u id n ~ i . k e s headaches , etc , ntil such period as the y o able t get rid of it . e m th e a Hence , for a c rtain ti e , Veget rian convert f a may su fer to some extent from he dache , dimness o s of sight , depressi n , lassitude , etc . , whil t these c Bu t in changes are taking pla e . perseverance this , in in every good object life , ultimately meets with its ” H ai s reward . Dr . g lengthened experience as to W hat is required for nutrition leads h im to the con “ clu sio n : that No animal food at all is necessary , f o r the whole o f the required nitrogen can be got n from the vegetable ki gdom ; but , as milk and cheese appear to have no power of increasing the excretion o f uric acid they m ay be used alongwith th e vege — T/ze e emr zk m' ond on . V L table foods g , .

‘ C h r is t ian Sp o r t s m en.

S d Mr . eton Karr has replied to the amaging crit icism E o n o f of Mr . rnest Bell the subject Big ” o f game hunting , and the substance the rejoinder

is tersely summed up by him in these words . If a person experiences pleasure in the chase the rights and wrongs o f that natural instinct are a personal r d f r Go . o matte between that man , and his But ’ Go d no that man s a great many people have respect , ‘ “ is z lze Go d and would in H place set up , whose prop er t is y we are told , always to have mercy . Is there any sportsman daring enough to assert that a Go d o f 44 THE VEGETARIAN .

' ' z zzfizz zleloveand zm zw r sa! co mpass ionsmiles upon the f o destruction , requently attended with cruelty , f ,His creatures ? H e must be a strange Go d who hears the cry o f wounded d eer and ox wi th a radiant co u nten ance turned to wards the armed sportsman and the

- I blood staned slaughterman .

Lines t o a Lo b s t er .

Y o u lie upon a silver dish ,

Dismembered; it is true , i ’ Not half so ag le as you d wish , o f And red instead blue , o u so But there y lie so nice , fresh , h T at , if the Muse permits , I Before feed up on your flesh , ’ I ll sing to yo u in bits . Bu t no ! , The words refuse to come ; I cannot tell you why ; My lips are very seldom dumb I scarcely ever cry : In fact I am the sort of man at r You meet every boa d , Wh o t h e 1 eats very best he can ,

With p raises to the Lord .

And , so you see , the fact is this , W W ith heart not holly base , I ’ve made a rule to never miss A gentlemanly grace , z But , ga ing on your reddened limbs , N 0 song can I revive , — No grace will come , the fancy swims ’ — z/ alw e For yo u were bo m .

6 E 4 THE V GETARIAN .

but fail to win our judgment . He has read them e f then . He knows the trem ndous weigh t o evidence ‘ which can be brought to show what these creatu res u ff — ff f s er su er in rearing and in transit , su fer as f o r f commodities sale , su fer from neglect and cruelty , from hunger and thirst , from rough handling and ’ wretched quarters , from the sight of each other s te f o f struggles and blood , of n rom the blunders an i u t unsk lful executioner , and from anything b instan a e t n o u s and painless death . And yet he can find it in h im to say that such evidence fails to win his t ! d judgmen All I can say is then that that j u gment , usually so sane and sound and salutary , seems to me to in this in stance mightily err . “ And equally do I feel convinced that it is the l iffi o f p ain , if d cult , duty all who have nailed the m a — at ethical colors to the ast , to bandon whatever m — a present peril to the selves practice which clashes , e e as fl sh eating does , with their most ch rished u r principles , and conf ses and cont adicts their worth l iest idea s .

C lip p ings . The Dutch Vegetarian Society has brought out an l n exce le t penny cookery book , to mark the National ’ E o W no w xhibiti n of omen s Industries , open at The

Hague . The recip es are introduced by ten reasons f o r being a Vegetarian . Next follow some terse but u u highly usef l remarks abo t slow mastication , the necessity for not throwing away the water in which d e vegetables have been boile , and a few g neral f t e directions which are o the highest impor anc . The l recipes are well arranged , numerous and plain y THE VEGETARIAN . 4 7

n o give , and we find throughout the bo k scattered rem arks that are likely to make the reader think

If people as sert that they can serve and love Go d while they remain employers of slaughtermen and

' f - er u S O u r o fal cleans s , that is nothing to do with . eff ort is to reach the m an striving after the fu ll de ve10 m ent S p of his piritual nature , and who will not willingly associate himself with the degradation o f We f others . fight because we have a cause to de end a We . , and l position to gain would exalt the Move m w ent , by forcing the orld to see that we are not d b u t o f a fad ists , men and women impatient obst cles which hinder the race from reaching the high destiny of its creation

' T h e f o llo w ing statement by th e Berlin corres ’ ’ pond ent o f th e Br zl zs/z M oo zoal 7 ou r no z should co n v1nce even the Fzgar o of the genuineness o f the contest . “ The Berlin Vegetarians h ave a fine new feather o f I G in their caps . In a walking match 5 erman 0 E i Si x miles , about 7 ngl sh miles , all the Vegetarians t who star ed passed the goal in perfect condition , i o f show ng no trace of excessive fatigue , whilst eleven N o n- Vegetarians only o ne was able to hold n out to the end , and he arrived lo g after the others a T he and very we ry . Vegetarian Victor did the

—w distance co m f o r tab ly from his account in fo u rteen hours and a quarter . He was sent for next day by th e a o f Pr nWar i medic l department the ussia Min stry , i ” to t . and nterrogated as his training , die , etc O u r intervi ew with the winner which ap peared last W k ee should , also , help to convert such a hardened sceptic as the good - natured Figar o 8 4 THE VEGETARIAN .

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' r at the ew or k Post i eas e on - lass matt r E nte ed N Y Ofi e S c d c e .

L O 1 N o VO . . IV CTOBER 5 , . 4 .

T h e B is h o p and t h e A ngel.

O ne : day to earth a gracious~ angel came , Wh o se' w in s g smote fire , whose robe trailed burning

flame , h e met B — S a ishop never mind his name .

Now let me Show yo u h o w we have progressed

The Bishop said , and smiled upon his guest ,

My time is yours , though I am sorely pressed .

S — n He howed the spirit churches sto e and tin , no t And hospitals , but did take her in ,

He showed her many things that war with sin . And as they journeyed through the crowded street ’ w They passed a shop hich stayed the angel s feet ,

And this she asked . The Bishop answered

Meat . T H E VEGETARIAN .

” ! S Meat cried the angel , puzzled by the ight O f t i carcasses that hung from lef to r ght . ” “ ’ Meat , said the Bishop ; won t you try a bite

' h ’ ! ” But ere s a lamb the angel raised her head , — And here a co w these things are surely dead We o d . not eat them live , the witty Bishop said

' n S s I understa d, the pirit cried , a bur t O f anger inher voice ; so great your thirst For goodness that you k ill these creat u res first !

’ SO no d That s , the Bishop answered , with a , — And ere we eat you seem to think it O dd e d W utter benediction unto Go . “ I S ! Yours , said the angel , a wondrous creed T o thank a loving Go d before yo u feed n d d O o . butchered beasts is very , indeed

’ A nd o u S would y war with in s unholy strife ,

And would you truly live the higher life , — ’ Take my advice just drop the butcher s knife .

Tfie Ve etar ian L ondon. g ,

Gallo p ing C o ns u m p t io n at t h e T ab le.

BY R SS . . F . MAGEE O ITER , M D

It is O ften asserted that the present generation lives more in twenty - five years than our ancestors of I n i two centuries ago did fifty. It may be said w th equal truth fulness that the present generation eats as much in twenty - five years as our forefathers did

- I n o ne . in fifty , and half the time I THE VEGETARIAN . 5

We stand aghast at the frightful ravages and the o f O ri progressive onward march consumption . e seventh of all the deaths to - day may be attributed to f h h . o t e t is dreadful malady In some large cities , One u out of every fo r that die , succumbs to this dis a r eci ease . But it is little realized and much less p p ” ated , that there is a galloping consumption going on at the table , even more extensive and destructive

than tuberculosis . ffi Haste in tra c , haste in business , haste in educa

tion , haste in pleasure , has led to haste in eating l drinking , thinking , sleeping, until physica degener acy and premature decay stare us in the face on o f every hand . But , all evils resulting from the ter o f rible momentum modern life , hasty eating is the t ar - a th e most re ching and worst . It may safely be

said that hasty and prom iscuous eating annually. r e su lts in more distress and more deaths than are caused by tuberculosis ; it is even one o f th e most f important predisposing causes o this disease . Tuberculosis is no t more at var 1ance with the plan

' m of nature than is the rapid consu ption of food . That nat ure intended man to find a real pleasure in eating is evident from the fact that natural foods are

“

variously and delicately flavored , and that man is endowed with the sense of taste to appreciate these flavors and with th esense of smell to enjoy natural h e odors . The surface of t tongue is the seat of the r sense of taste , hence the pleasu e that attends eating does not consist in the amount o f food that can be

disposed of , nor in the rapidity with which it can be

eaten , but in the length of time it remains in the

mouth , stimulating this sense of taste . It would be 2 T H E 5 VEGETARIAN .

well for the rapid eater to take notice that the taste and buds are on the tongue , not scattered through out t h e length o f the esophagu s or in t he walls o f

the stomach . To be convinced that few individuals appreciate o r S w either the pleasure the necessity of eating lo ly ,

- one need but look about him anywhere . Tarry a few moments at a ten - cent lunch - counter or in a:

popular cafe . Here the business man , the lawyer , a the clerk , the typewriter , rush in madly , lmost with I n i h watch hand , g ve their orders with feverish aste gaze after the waiter with “ time and “ hurry u corrugating their faces , fall pon sandwiches , mut to n r chop , pie , cheese , coffee , musta d , pepper , pick if les , as their life depended upon bolting the whole m meal in five minutes . The business man beco es so accustomed to swallowing a large d inner in fif

teen minutes , that he feels as if it were an enormous

waste of time to spend half an hour at the table . “ N o r is this gustatory lightning confined

alone to the lunch counter and the restaurants . It may be seen especially at the breakfast table in al- f n most ay household . The father of the family is in t h e a a hurry to make tr in , to get into the field , or to read the papers ; his wife eats fast so as to finish

e . wh n he does , and the children follow their example SO — fruit and oatmeal cooked in five minutes , and — ~ deluged with su gar and cream beefsteak , fried

potatoes , bread and butter , are swallowed almost

whole , and washed down by frequent gulps of hot f f co fee , tea , water , or other drinks . The co fee is and taken partly to make the food go down faster , ’ partly to brace u p the system f o r the mor ning s

5 4 THE VEGETARIAN . crushed o r finely divided and so is no t readily acted upon by the saliva or gastric juice . Food that is poorly m asticated is swallowed in i th e u chunks , which res st action of the gastric j ice l for a ong time , and produce irritation of the walls o f the stomach . The secretion of saliva depends u pon a mechanical c excitation produ ed by a foreign body in the mouth , th no f and also upon eactio the jaw . The softer or o f more liquid the substance , the less the secretion i v S sal va ; the drier the food , the more sali a . oft and so foods are quickly swallowed , but little saliva is mixed with them t o pass into the stomach and T h e continue the starch digestion . saliva is also f h e quickly neutralized by the acid o t gastric juice . Hasty eating produces a sensation of thirst ; hence the common practi ce in America and other countries o f f d rinsing down food with tea , co fee , ice teas , ice

water , lemonade and other beverages . This delays digestion by diluting the little saliva and gastric j ui ce that have been gi ven time to form ; the cold drinks also lower the temperature of the gastric con so i s tents , that digestion completely at a standstill until the temperature at which digestion takes place u b is restored , and the fl id has been absor ed . a en Hasty eating le ds to overeating , so that the d n tire igestive system is overburdened , causi g all the organs to d o t o o much work to put in extra — s em ' o f time to rid the sy t this surplus of food . E xcessive consumption of food eve ntually leads to a consumption of the tissues either in general or in

part , because of the poisons circulating in the fluids

of the body and retained in the tissues . E A THE VEG T RIAN . 5 5

i n m o n Th s g allopi g consu ption of food , or eating a is the run , is not only a gre t physical evil , but a We social evil as well . have come to such a pass h m that conversation at the o e table , if no guests are f o r present , is very little practised ; galloping con sumption and fluent conversation can not be carried n o at the same time . Thus far it is the conversation u f s o incr eas that has s fered , while the con umpti n is r ing at a high rate . The hearty laugh , that p over bial digestive tablet , and the light and airy table o f n talk that make the charm social eati g , are in u i these days classed among the lux ries of l fe , and made the accompaniment Of evening dress , cut glass and - r three hour banquets o elegant dinners . But S they really belong among the necessities , and hould accompany slow eating , careful mastication and a t o f quie frame mind . A longer time spent at the table - every day in thoroughly preparing food for the f di ferent processes of digestion , would save many a disa man or woman years of misery , ill health and p ’ f —~ eali/i Gooo H . pointing , ine fective work .

’ B r it is h Sp o r t s .

‘ Weleave to co m letel alter iae as/z ion o z lze cla p y f f y , and Heat is never an eas ia /e eleave to all s . W er ea y , ‘ ‘ ’ ‘ z ir el t ze asaion o z lze w or la not onl as to eai ia y , l f f , y g ‘ and d r i nk in bu t even as to lzaoiz aal , oooa ai ioas g, p . e ’ . . P A F HILLS. resid nt s Address to the Congress Ve etar ian S ( g , ept .

As an instance o f the great difficul ty to which he e P o f ref rred , the resident the Vegetarian Federal T H E VEGETARIAN .

u o f S Y o u Union pointed to the q estion port . can ” “ i h o w ffi to real ze , he said , di cult a task it is per suade those who are otherwise manly and true that th e destruction o f animal life is a thing to be de lo r ed p . This sentence was pounced upon by the

papers with huge delight . The knowledge that Vegetarians were actually waging a crusade against British Sports filled them

- with amusement, and journalists the sort of young and men who talk about grouse and rifles , who prob ably could not tell you whether the cartridge fires — th egun o r the gu nthe cartridge immediately dashed pens into ink - pots and b elab o r ed the President of the B e Federal Union with ridiculous ridicule . it noted t o . that brought face face with Mr Hills , that broad - O ld shouldered , deep chested Blue and International ’ s Footballer , and invited by him to ten minute gentle

- practice with the gloves , these self same champions ’ of Britain S glorious sports would no t wait to debate the question o f sport beyond demonstrati ng I n a con vincing manner their o w n undoubted prowess in

- b . running . This , of course , is merely y the way — The poi nt we emphasize is this the Jingoistic talk about British Sports which finds its way i nto the a newspapers , is _mostly c nt , it is not the utterance of S real portsmen . S W Blood ports are hat the Vegetarian condemns , and we have yet to learn that it is only in blood h e u sports that t Sportsman is to be fo nd . In Old t V e days , when the hunter pro ected illag s from wolf - f and bear , and when his exploits , beside a fording to h is h protection human life , provided family wit Was m food , there something Vigorous and anly in the E THE VEG TARIAN . 5 7

man chase , something that a might do and not blush

- b to be discovered at . But to day , when eaters and “ S dogs wait upon the portsman , when neither for protection no r f o r food are his services required by nk ma ind , and when his Victims are actually bred and preserved f o r the one purpose o f ul t imate slaughter — w e are no t afraid to challenge o u r opponents with the charge that such sport is unmanly . Vegetarians do not attack sport ; b u t they d o very

- fi h tin boldly and fearlessly attack cruelty . Cock g g i a was once commendable game , and he who ra sed voice against it would have been how led down as o ne seeking to womanize the wor ld ; but cock - figh ting ' now finds no ch ampion outside th e pages o f vulgar S t prints , in which ballet girls and por seem to run naturally in tandem . The sport that makes men u s - n and - t strong , vigoro , self relia t large hear ed , is not the Sport that po u rs Shot into birds driven before o r r the gun , that races after a tame deer , ter ified by S noise and houting into a wild canter . That sort of

thing never yet made a man , not even the ordinary country gentleman of restricted tastes and somewhat S h narrow sympathies . The ports t at have helped to E t w o n form the nglish charac er , and which have s W other battles be ide aterloo , are the sports every — Vegetarian does his best to encourage cricket , foot i i ball , golf , polo , tennis , running , sw mm ng , cycling ,

fives , boxing , fencing and wrestling . The few peo ple who can afford to shoot and hunt produce but a

small impression on their fellows , and we question whether their habits ever stirred a noble thought or h encouraged a fine action , either in t emselves or in e f e . w anyon else These are the , the insignificant 8 E 5 THE V GETARIAN .

ar e handful of men , who made to stand before the eyes o f the world as representatives o f Sport ! Against them we marshal the thousands and the m il lions Of s portsmen who never fired a gun and who Si never perhaps destroyed a ngle life , but who know and w h o w what the word sport means , ould rather be mistaken f o r foreigners than not be recognized as

Sportsmen . O ne is naturally amused by reading the news ’ b u t papers idea as to what constitutes sport , let us t M r d iffi not forget that wha . Hills says about the o f culty our task is perfectly true nevertheless . To persuade people that the destruction o f life is a i s iffi thing to be deplored an exceedingly d cult task . d Many men , otherwise good and true , woul laugh at the bare idea that bringing down a pheasant o r i s n u bowling over a rabbit unma ly and inh man . They have been bred up in the belief that killing is th e manly , and first natural revulsion at fastening a worm to a fish - hook o r seeing a wounded partridge - fleck ed gasping in the blood turnips , is very soon

- - conquered by a beef eating , beer drinking race . ’ The state o f many men s m inds is much the same

d . i nowa ays as in those early ages when the sky , w th it s m i n u ill on stars , was regarded as an i verted s gar b eneficent bowl set over a flat world by a Creator , in order to keep the air in for the especial benefit of

‘ - Man . TO day we have a faint notion that . the stars

e - O f i o w n may have purpos s the r , that they do not exist solely f o r showing topers the way home from

in- a i in g pal ce and V llage inn , and that the world , O f i r stead be ng the only wo ld , is but one insignificant planet in the midst o f incalculable millions infinitely T HE VEGETARIAN . 5 9

d e Bu t larger an grand r . there is still prevalent that nar rowing faith which places all the creatures o f the ’ m anS l w i earth at arbitrary disposa , and h ch bestows upon h im th e right to deprive of that great mystery m m we call Life as any birds , beasts and fishes as co e within reach of his destructive inventions . This is f the aith against which we must protest . And the only man who has any right to ridicule o u r protest is the m aterialist who holds that man is lord of cre b o f u n r atifica ation, yright conq est , that beyo d the g tion of his o w n lusts and passions there is nothing d o o r f that he should desire , and that all e forts at Spiritual development and mental progress ar e to be u discouraged as seless and troublesome . By insist

sin - ing on the sacredness of life , and the Of life de ‘ f o r o r struction idle unnecessary purposes , we shall persuade m en to look back upon the days o f blood sports with as much detestation as they regard bull fi h in f S - g t g o pain and the bear baiting o f E ngland . ‘ ’ T/ze e ez ar iaa oaao a V L . g ,

Feed t h e M u s cles .

E xercise makes the muscles hungry . If they get ' muscle - b u ilding f o o d they will grow ; otherwise all and o f exercise will be fatiguing exhaustive , instead beneficial .

Cheese , beans , peas , beef and oatmeal , in the order m - i W - flOu r named , are the best uscle bu lders . heat ,

h as m - n used by most bakers , had the uscle buildi g i n part removed . It w ll fatten but not strengthe . S e oups and beef essenc s are stimulants , and have l no - absolute y value as muscle builders . 6 0 THE VE G E T A RI N

‘ If the above facts are d o u b ted send a postal card to W request the Agricultural Department , ashington

a f N O . ll o . D . C , for one or the followin agb bulletins “

2 C o st . 3 , Foods . Nutritive Value and ; No 3 4 , i N “ i : o . Meats Compos tion and Cooking ; 7 4 , M lk R as Food ead , remember and profit by informa

tion contained . D W P . ILLIAM D . KEM TON , M . , B lletin L A u . in . . W.

flesh- It should be noted that this is from a eater , and yet he places beef fourth out of the Si x best

- muscle builders .

i s R ev ew .

T/ze Ve etar ian P S R o w L g , 3 3 ATERNO TER ONDON .

Thi s Splendid paper has perhaps done more to spread the principle we advocate than all oth er eff - S - orts combined . It is a large size , ixteen page Ssh 8 weekly , sold at one penny per copy , or . p . per annum abroad I t is edited with great j ‘udg all ment , containing articles upholding our faith at points and combating o u r enemies with unfailing i i t i s O u r v gor . Moreover , backed by great wealth . poor little monthly has to confine its losses to a f ew W i paltry hundreds per year , h ch is all contributed ‘ T he Ve etar i an15 by one person . London g , at great t expense , made attractive enough to induce people o A purchase . The New York VEGET RIAN cannot boast u E any S ch facilities . ven if we could compete in size and attractiveness with o u r London co ntem p o r b ary , it would be impossi le to place the paper on the

6 2 T THE VEGE ARIAN .

H e S usual . has ince become an object of curiosity o f i in the town , hundreds people , ncluding many ef doctors , crowding to see him . Herr Kuhne has f ected the many remarkable cures , but this is one of most remarkable .

Are onions healthy ? O ne has always understood that they are highly nutritious , and that they possess n purifyi g qualities valuable in kidney diseases . A ‘ correspondent of the Vegez ar ise/ze War le assures us o n O f e the authority Th odor Hahn , that onions , leek and garlic contain a volatile o il of strong Odor and i is disa r eeab le taste , contain ng sulphur , which . g to A S h . the human organism , and t erefore poisonous soon as it is taken into the stomach - that organ seeks to rid itself of the objectionable presence ; the kid neys and the skin do likewise , all pointing to the fact M o lesch o tt that it is poisonous for the body . also states that the use of onions increases the pulse n e ce . x action , and excites the nervous system A p ia i ns tion is made in favor of E gyp t n o n o .

G “ A erman Vegetarian lady , who signs herself C . E . , has been performing some extraordinary feats m t Sh e in oun ain climbing in the N oric Alps . wore e O f - sandals . A piec bread , a couple of hard boiled o f th e eggs , a couple pears , serving as food for day , ‘ d r the VValelr asls zzee b she has ascen ed p , near Inns ruck , Stanz er Patsch er k -o fl the , the . Then she ventured i i ea on the Dolomites and managed the Dr e Z mz . Several of her com panions who ate flesh and who Sought to rene w their energies with cognac at every 1 0 0 W paces , had to turn back . hen the party start A 6 THE VEGETARI N . 3

- acco m ed she was considered a semi lunatic , but her Sh e plish m ents soon turned the tide of Opinion . “ was pointed o u t in the village as the lady w h o had climbed the Dr ei Z iaaenin sandals ! Ano ther proof of the endurance that can b e had from vegetable food .

- n G Captain Max Hu dt , of the erman army , a Veg etar ianw h o has lived on uncooked food f o r the past tw o u s i n years , has j st completed twelve day camp , with the usual daily military exercise . During the whole o f that time he took absolutely no food and no drink except three glasses of water at the end o f the eighth o f m day . He declares that at the end the ti e he was i u n qu te fresh and strong , and would have readily d er tak en to continue o n the same lines t w o or three u f weeks longer , provided he was allowed a co ple o glasses o f water every other day .

Doctors no w say the best means to maintain sol diers in Vigor and freshness , not only during a o f march , but during a fight , is a generous allowance S sugar . ugar is coming more and more into use in “ o f Holland in the course training for contests , as it ' and it is good for beasts as is for men . The value o f sugar in fever has been emphasized by u eland H p and o thers . That which is supposed to ” injure the teeth in the consumption o f goodies is so - not the sugar , but the called fruit acids which w h o are introduced to flavor the sugar . Negroes , r devou sugar in such huge quantities , have the best ’ t h e — ass ll s atu da o u r nal teeth in world C e S r y j . T 6 4 THE VEGE ARIAN .

M L’ T h e J . w . SCOTT CO PA NY . d. "

4 0 J o h n St r eet , N ew Yo r k C it y, 0 0 0 0 St am p s and C o ins f o r C o llect o r s .

The largestStock of American and Foreign Stamps and Coins in the trade . ' “ They are always open to purchase rare stamps O r O ld S C oins at equitable prices . collections pecially desired for immediate cash or for sale at auction . ’ J . . W. Sco t t s Bes t A lb u m , P s ac rices and upward , cording to binding .

Prices Paid for all AmericanCoins worth over Face. 1 0 t Fully illustrated . cents , pos free . e ctarian .

Volu meI attractively bou nd inlinen, 286 pages, price

Volu mell. u niform bindin , g,

Contains many valuable articles on the subject and would make a suitable present for Vegetarians or i think ng people . T HE PE FE T WAY IN DI E T R C .

A tr eatise advo cating a r etu i n to th e natu r al and

ancient food o f o u r r ace. B Y ; A NA ING SFO D N K R , Doct r o f M ed ci e o f the Fa u lt o f Par is o i n c y ,

Sixth Ed itio n, 1 8 9 5 . Pr ice 7 ac Po s t Fr ee.

THE VEGETARIA LISHI G C O 4 0 oh nSt. New York . N PUB N J ,

- O U L TON N . J O S . H L M E S P R . , 7 3 7 9 F ST . , Y SUBSCRI P TION : Per ear r e ai to an ar t o th eWooId Y , p p d, y p f , 10 S s ri tions to i er ent r esses ub c p , d ff add , Sin e o i es 2 ents 5 0 ents er 100. gl c p , c ; c p

n 4 TheVegetarianPublishi gCompany, 0JohnStreet, New York City;

E nter ed at th eN ew Yor k Post Officeas Second - class matter

V L I 1 8 8 O . IV . NOVEMB ER 5 9 .

T h e Ind ian Valley.

~ BV E DW D G DA V D AR . , M . .

“ The true lover of nature w h o desires to hold communion with her visible forms will find no field o i r m re invit ng , no garden more g aceful , no corner more restful , than that narrow sinuous Clove in the o f R Catskills which starts near the foot Mt . ose and winds southeasterly and up w ards fo r eight miles until ' closed by the frowning barri ers of the Slide moun t n ain , some twelve hu dred feet above the entrance , known to the tourist and others wh o respect correct u “ I ” nomenclat re , as the ndian Valley , but referred to th e i by the natives , especially old inhab tants , as “ ” w o r i c the hollo , aga n subdivided into distri ts “ bearing i n addition to the name hollow th at o f f o r t some family which generations has ma ed , multi 66 R THE VEGETA IAN .

I n and plied , and mouldered that particular vicinity f o r it ro lificu ess has become noted either s p , its piety ,

its . parsimony , or its profanity - l Traversing the entire length is a rapid , roya stream of crystal water which born under the moss th e S ta n and edges of lide , s rts , even in its infa cy , “ on its return to that boundless deep from whence

q a h at fir t it come . Its p t way , S, is bold and precipitous ‘ and fringed With a thousand streamlets eager to join ih ' W the ild flight to the sea . I ts it ' e o m first mad course run , r ceives int its e braces the sparkling waters of the Cascade Brook “ m Fernw o ld w n which fro out the depths of , do h many a cascade , throug a myriad of mossy n u E cha nels , and beneath co ntless ferns in the lfin E ” d and uster glens , blen s its clarified waters with the broader run that flows onward and down d ln war a devious course , through enchanted bowers o f a d all to the realms civilization , n finally loses its — Spirituality m that highway of competi tion not co — ” H R . operation the udson iver This stream , throughout all of its Wild haunts I S the home of those u r beautif l , and highly organized creatures the T out —euphoniously expressed by the Germ ans as Die Far ellen . Here they would delight the eye of those who love the wild children of nature ; here respond i ve to their call , and partake of the r bounty ; here li and die in the complete fulfillment of a higher law , but for the craft and greed of their higher and shall e - r w say nobler brother man . The highway th ough th e this valley borders the stream , and trilling of ‘ rippling water often m ingles With the song o f th e merry maiden Wh o With her s w ain strolls or rides A 6 THE VEGET RIAN . 7

’ ’ beneath the shade of the birches and hemlocks, through Which the sun ’ s rays filter during the long O n f s . o ummer days every side is peace , the peace “ r o f a Go d natu e in her hours repose ; the pe ce of . e o n The tassel d ‘corn and golden grain , the e tillabl lands , are moved silently by the air currents T h e which ever flow through the valley . ferns and W S ild flowers on more rugged lopes , impelled by the e a same sweet breath , d scribe gr ceful curves , and the continuous forests o n the mountain sides r efleét d a o 1n d the gol en light which f lls bounte usly this gla e . I n the pastures on the hillsides gentle cattle draw nourishment - from simple foods and the cadence o f their musical bells gladdens the heart o f the Vege; f r . H e o o n tarian er one. may lie hours, fragrant ferns watching the ever changing light that is r e flected from billowy clouds o f snowy whiteness upon the varied tones of forest verdure , upon bubbling S i prings , and laughing water courses , or V ew the shadow s as they descend the mountain sides 1n ryth o f mic time with the eastward roll the earth , and as evening deepens note the m arvellous changing color on the Balsam mountain from green through the various blues to the richest purple .

The sunsets in this valley are rarely surpassed ,

' o f m even by those Italy, and the electrical stor s though not terrorizing, are attended by brilliant W I no t phenomenas hich have witnessed elsewhere . In the autumn when th e‘ m ello w haze of daylight “ f alls o n countless masses o f golden r o d and ” n michaelmas daisies , retiri g before the frolics of th e F —w n rost King at night he the fragrant , crackling logs on th e hearth are a comfort and a de 6 8 H E T VEGET ARIAN .

v n the s light in the long e eni gs , then valley become “ a fairy land f o r that which the morning first r eg-

“ veals is the frost m antle o nthe mountaincr ests illu m i aed i a se e as su n t w t h ro light . Th n the n vaults m er idianall o r y and flings his rays over the f ests , the m n richest shade of chro e , ochre , brown and crimso , ‘ e d o f h em e interwov n with the deep , ark green the ' “ lo ok s r eets s , g the eye , only to fade away at even ” r eil l r v s r . r ing bel , when the f ost eappear F om “ ’ Giant s Ledge one may at noon View a vast su r e “ face of u nbroken undulating forest tinged with a ar thousand dyes . The excursions to be made e n m M u erous and interesting . ywife and I have climbed th e s a most up mountain bordering the upper v lley . We h aVe th e n met the peaceful hare , and a xious m e o f otherly partridg , crossed the tracks the cunning f o x l — and , and the harm ess timid bear actually held social intercourse with the red deer , all the time gaining health and muscle , and still better that

music in the heart which the wild woods awakens , ' ' ’ M eat or r zt zw u s St z mu lu s and all Without any s . The V b u cereals , fresh egeta les , fr it , nuts , pure milk , and Water from the mountain Springs Were sufficient to placeus above the clouds or in the deepes t sunless r e ravines . It has been health without medicine , n freshment without remorse . The I dian Valley would be a grand place for a summer colony of f o r e Vegetarians , h re may be had gratis , the purest and no m I nal air and water , , for a price , pure milk and W m ve e cream , eggs ar from the nest , fresh g le I n r a e tables , honey , map syrup , and g eat abund nc , A les o f u W r o f e pp , best all fr its ; a holebar el xcellent e apples for o n dollar .

0 T HE 7 VEGET ARI AN . b u h and H edid no w S tree . t kno how to make mince and - or aledé aze m ! pie plum pudding , the later p f g d s P i ‘i ‘ and chafing dish aintie . r m tive man was strong , o f i o n i n l v full v tal power , c mma ding stature , and i ed to b ‘ a good old age , untrou led by tuberculosis , appen dicitis u r n h , nervo s p ostratio , toothac e , headache , c m’ l W lo o otor ataxia , and a thousand other il s hich S E s to horten his life to day . very indication goe Show that while the race has been gradually adVanc r s e ing in knowledge and expe ience , it has ju t as sur ly been degenerat ing physically A ll through the ages the progress o f the human mind has been checked b y the weakness and disease w h o th e of the body . Are there any doubt that if design of nature had been followed , if that noble and giant physical d Welling th at Was intended to be the first inheritance of every man had been preserved and transmitted I n all i ts perfection and its wonder ful adaptability to the infinite and varied needs of e o the mind , the volution of the civilized man fr m the early savage would no t have required such tree n a o f We mendo s s crifice health and vigor, and what call advancement and the higher life to day w ould have been immeasurably e clipsed by the brilliant — glory of the perfect man the de veloped mind 111 th e natural body ? That the digestive“ organism has b een the most “ active agent in this painful and perverted ev o lu tio nar y process the author considers easily d e-a m o nstr ab le h e . S says It is now beginning to be discovered” that for centuries people have no t eaten th e right foods to m b e i eSt . ake the bodies They , hav been gnorant of H E 1 T VEGET ARI AN . 7 ;

i l l w o f th e r the physiolog ca a s of nutrition , p oper s: l combination and proportions of essentia elements , of the vital importance attaching to such knowledge .

They h ave cultivated artificial and abnormal tastes , t o sough m mentary gratification in eating, and gradu ally demoralized their natural instincts . The o r b ad influence of heredity , good , is cumulative , and tends to increase in geometric pro portions . The r o f fact that , notwithstanding the eternal wa ring his s so h o f member , man still preserves muc goodness o f heart and strength o f mind is the best evidence there 15 of the constant ind w elling o f the divine life in humanity . I f a man eats wrong foods, the result is mani f ested h is e h i in whole b ing If he overeats , s stom His I S ach makes him sleepy , dull , and cross . mind e l I f h tu confus d and s uggish . he abi ally overeats , o this conditi n becomes chronic , his entire body is d poisone , his brain secretes an inferior quality of to n mind , and he transmits his childre a constitution an o w n n and intellect weaker than his . O the other o r hand , if he does not eat enough , if the food that he eats i s I not sufficiently nourishing and does not in supply all the needed elements the , right propor tions the man becomes anemic—impoverished in d bloo and brain . Again , excessively stimulating food brings about a condition of the blood still more potent in changing and modifying character than to o o r to o eating much eating little . The influence of the stomach upon character has l always been recognized by religious sects , especial y.

' a I t h aS r e in mon steries and nunneries . been c z t s ogni ed by thinkers and philanthropis s , as score 7 2 T H E VEG E T A RI AN -J

f e h as ee o illustrations co u ld t stify . I t b n recogniz ed m r d te w h o ed i ts enc by sche e s an plot rs , have us ag y h c s Bu t c s a d e e u po n t eir vi tim . its o n tant n in xor abl r m a t i n u n a powe , fro the e rlies ages , ca si g the perm nent modificationo f the - entire h as b een ” little considered .

‘ Dr .Haig o nDiet and Food;

' ‘ a- d istinguished London ph ysician Wh o has shown in “ anImpo rtant medical wo rk Uric acid as a factor o f a e n o in the causation dise se, the intimat con ecti n etw e e an se e His v a o b eenflsh ating dd i as . in estig ti ns ed im h h l w as l h to co ncludet at t e hea th iest diet. a does no t consider the diet o f th e average Vegetari an to b e h ealth fu Lf o r he is o f opinion that eggs which e to th e o f a o f o u r i ar e nter in composition m ny d shes , h m l flesh - as ar fu as meat . The b o o k now under notice was written by Dr H aig i n the hope o f making rather clearer the posi tio n that diet ho lds in relation to strength and ”

e e f o r at m t t r s. nduranc , in te p ing to al e p eople diet So as to free them f rom th e poiso nous xanthins and u h e h as t c f s met ric acid , like mos dieteti re ormer , i e its e ts e and w th much ignoranc and r sul , pr judice b s a d s e s s . . n uper tition Dr Haig elieve , mo t Veg “ ' tar ians o h im t I n ie i th e w uld agree w ith , tha d t l es key to nine - tenths o f the social and p olitical problems * Diet. and Food consid er ed in Relat o n t str en t and o w er o f i o . g h p end r an e tr ainin and th etics . l A exan er Hai M . A . and M . D. u c , g a l y l d g _ n n and A hu r h ill 1898 IZm o . vii i 861 2s . Oxon. , F. P. Lo d o : J . C c , ; , p p , i m T r VEGE AR IAN . 3

‘ ’ e-x o r o and u n a t es that v u nati n t e . Diet , s a p r ent u th e f m n no r sed , is often p roduct o a vast a ou t of ig " ance; it is the cau se o f a hideous waste of time and e it d m and mo l b ui e o _ m n y ; , p ro uces ental ra o liq ti s , e h and o n-s l i d stroys ealth sh rte ife, and generally qu te i ” f ails to fu lfil ts proper purpose. ai d efines e h a as o C i i Dr . H g h alt s atisfact ry ond t on o f u a d o r o f n e nd n trition , strength n p we e duranc , a h is argu ment is su mmed up : “ The first requisite f o r strength and power o f endurance is a satisfactory and sufficient supp ly of b u t e o ds al mens , that h b dy depen for these chiefly o th e s k enda b a b u t t he i s l n food ta y y d y, tha t re a so as mall store of these substances in certaintissues which becomes available f or use if prolonged exertion a e 1 t h n o f nd u r t is c ll d for 11 eab se ce food , a f rthe , hat b eyo nd this point incontinued starvatio n certain de finite qu antitie s of the tissues themselves ar e daily b d to e a a sorbe produ cethe nec ssary albumen and u re . “ And the second r equ i site is a free ci rculat ion t hro u gh the tissues to b ring them albumens and re m ao is ove their waste products , and this circu l ti n o nly po ssible i nthe compar ative absence of uric acid f rom the blood stream. We th en com e to th e question From what sou rce is th e all- al to b e important bumen derived Dr . “ Ha n ffic e ig says that give su ient album ns , it is a m atter o f very little consequence where they come f m th o r v n om ro , w hether from eanimal egetable ki gd , o o f co w th ugh , urse , wherepoisons are s allo w ed with e s the albumens , thes will influence the re ults . ‘ I l h is of c u r m r n , o se , , is e ely another way of sayi g a b e r m its r du th t they, must derived f om ilk and p o cts T H E - V E G E T A R IA N

and from the veget able kingd om , because flesh and h a n eggs contain uric acid , w ich Dr . H ig has show to b e exclu des flesh a great cause of disease. Dr . Haig

' ea and e d ietarJ o n. th e m t eggs from the h althful y, ” n i and ground that they contai ur c acid , also tea , f and o n th e n ar e stim u i co fee cocoa , grou d that they - a e i n lants . The uric cid fre foods rema , and these v o Dr Haig di ides int groups . 1 2 ( ) Milk and milk products , ( ) the pulses , a ff e s bre d stu s , c real , (4) nuts and nut foods , r 6 r ga den vegetables , ( ) garden fruits , ( 7) d ied i m th e fore gn foods . He considers ilk to be one of e best of these available foods , and to chees he also u b e gives a high rank . The pulses sho ld not taken i n ti am re u n any considerable quan ty , the ount q ed an 2 f b . O y y one rarely exceeding oz . daily bread ff h o stu s and cereal foods Dr Haig has a hig opini n , “ as they furnish a steady and equable supply of al o f i th e bumenover a number hours , and thus ncrease h p owers o f enduranceof those who make u seo f t em .

ar e . Nuts and foods valuable , but have disadvantages

( Ga l rden vegetables , as potatoes , contain very litt e to s l u e albumen , and are of use upp y bulk , and to dil t s as and break up the more albuminou foods , such

k c se . f o r al mil , hee and pu lses , rather than their b m Ga e in u ens. rden fruits generally h regards as ’ c reasing the bulk of the day s foo d Without adding

1 much to its albumen values , but they contribute a u o f val able supply water , some sugar , and some use h ful salts . Dried fruits have a hig er albumen value r r than f esh f uits .

“ s o f Looking at these group foods , Dr . Haigholds

. . That it is possible to live o n group ( 1 ) milk and H E “ T VE GETARIAN . 7 5 its produ cts alone ; that it is also p o smble to live o n u i ena all the rest , excl d ng milk and animal products tir el and y, and relying chiefly on pulses , e f o r b i c reals , and nuts the necessary al umens ; that t is not possible to live on (5) an garden vege t s and e able fruits alon , and gener in this country no t on dried : fruits alone “ : ai ne e d Dr. g is incli d to beli ve that a iet which ’ includes all or nearly all o f these groups in its day s th e o s cycle , is the best , contributi n from each group being varied from day to day to an almost endless e ” xtent . H I n the concluding chapter Dr . aig gives sug gestions of a prac tical natu re as to th epractice o f the l to dietary he recommends , devoting severa pages the consideration of the best diet f o r training and r m athletics , his conclusion being that a diet f ee fro all a ff a d l alcalo id nimal flesh , tea , co ee , n simi ar containing substances is far and away the best of all n k inds for trai ing and athletics . ’ e H S W have referred once or twice to Dr . aig dis

'

. o c approval of stimulants Alc hol , tobac o , beef tea , ff f o h sio lo co ee , even tea itsel , are condemned n p y g

- f ical grounds . According to Dr . Haig , tea and co fee ar e more deleterious in their physiological eff ects a r o o than either lcohol o t bacc . ’ “ In H a s t this brief summary of Dr . ig Die and We to d o u e Food , have not been able f ll justic to a b u e in ook which will , we are s r , have an important flu ence S I on the pread o f Vegetarianism . t is te S an f writ n in a temperate pirit , d has none o that pandering to the dietetic habits of th e upper classes which has vitiated so many b ooks w rittenon diet b y d m en b o istinguished medical . It is a ok that all 76 T HE VEGETARI A N?

‘ ‘ Vegetarians Should stu dy in it th ey w ill find ia care-s ’ f u l statement o f s om e o f the s cientific reaso ns z ferz

‘ a s e of ch eese in a e or in Dr . H ig say , in prais , for st nc ,

men th e b k o f a d l in Wi with ul m nkin , indu ge , they ll at least be able to acknowled ge that theyarer eading th ew o rds o f oneWh o h as gi ven careful attention to th e t o f d I S no t to ex r ess ari ques ion iet , and afraid p

“ C lip p ing s .

“ T h e President o f the Athletic C lu b at Essen Ge m n h as e d u n the as ( r a y) , b en a Vegetarian ri g p t six years i H ecan bend the kneeseventy tim e s with His c d r e r e a Weight of fifty kilograms. hil en ag d s ectivel ten and e a d p y , five , three , s em equ lly gifte W e r m S h T h e u e t ith xtrao dinary uscular trengt . yo ng s l l can l her r he a e five of three , a little gi , ift b ot r g d , th e er ean e ot o f ten w ho latt lift the eld st br her , in i “ h i tu rn can ec ld e are all s lift the father . Thes hi r n

Some schoolboys at Basel were d eeply impressed by a lesson on kindness to animals and onthe cru elty ean et r ve of w ri g f a he s , gi n ‘ m s o saw a ah at Co ing out of cho l , they a l dy wearing h a t e r T h e o s o med e vily rimmed w ith f athe s . b y f r m e e a ma e in the selv s into a regim nt l line , rch d beh d t h e d c l eated o w n la y, and rhythmi al y rep to their “ hand -clapping Fashion-fable la- dy l Murderer of ” Bird s t : The lady escaped into th e ho u se o f a f n : I S s m de y ew neve a in rie d , and aid to have a a r ga —T/ze Ve etar zan n to wear feathers . Londo

8 T H E A N 7 VEGET RIA .

‘

A visitor stated it w as much eas1er . to b e a Vege a w as no t tari n in those countries where meat eaten .

The reform is growing and the best way to help. it was t o live it h onestly; The late Frances Willard expressed her Opinion that it would not be m any years before the sale of flesh - meat in public would be prohibited . R f r m Mr . ousseau believed that the argument o e no i t . h alth was the best . He had had an M . D H e his family O f seven children for t w o years . thought the rational mode O f reform would be to form a society for promoting th e happiness of others — f z — o v . e . not oursel es , . socialism first , then health After th e electionth e evening is t o be devoted to w h o d a study Of Tolstoi , the greatest man ever live t on the ear h .

The next meeting O f . the above society to be held November 2 2 d at the rooms corner Fifteenth street and Fifth avenue will be an important o ne and it is I t to be hoped that every member will attend . is l fi e the annual e ection , Of c rs for the coming year are to be voted for and on a wise choice the future of the movement in this city largely depends . Mr . S ffi O f f o r W. J . cott has held the O ce president five years and no w retires having positively declined a ffi reelection . He believes in rotation in O ce and that there is nothing lik eayearly change to ensure energy fi all in management and enthusiasm in branches Mr. ’ S 5 i s is cott v ews are well known , he believe that it a i th e crime to kill , that it is equally s nful to share ’ 3 results Of another crime , and that it is a disgusting and degrad ing habit to nourish o r corrupt our bodies s with the dead bodies of our fellow creatures . Thi THE VEGETARIAN . 7 9 u ncompromising stand may no t be the best way to th o r e bring recruits to e s ciety , but it insures the m tention Of all w h o Join fr om pure motives . Me bers may be secured by showing th e healthfulness o f a e bloodl ss diet . How economical a vegetarian house can u o f hold be maintained and the , general bea ties P u to the system . eople can easily be pers aded eat t h e fo r less flesh and to try plan a while , and then calculations can be made of the decrease 1n the num Of etc ber cattle killed , This may be the correct s M r S scheme for securing adherent , but . cott does no t m P w h o believe it . eople give up eating flesh ’ f o r the health S sake go back to flesh eating on b e c i - u s P om ng rob t . eople who have acquired a comp e enc m t y , by econo ical living will riot in blood when e they have th assured means of doing so . The idea ‘ Of saving the lives Of, a certain num ber Of sheep and a E o r oxen is a fall cy . very living sheep ox will be l e kil ed and aten , and as long as the disgusting lust f Or su ch l food asts sheep and oxen will be bred , and only when civilized nations tr u ly believe in the seventh co m m andment will they cease to live on the m f angled bodies O animals . It is hard to predict how long it will take for true enlightenment to Spread Over the land or if it will be caused by faith O r I S knowledge , but the day approaching when blood ’ sh ed w ill n . cease , when killi g will be placed on the same stand as stealing . At present to steal a small su m n n m is looked upo as particularly co te ptible , While killing o na small scale 1S C onsidered a pleasant S h o u r Ow n pastime , to laug ter Of kind wholesale , W makes a man a h ero , and only hen we kill under

C onditions unsatisfactory to o u r neighbors it is acrime . 8 0 T H E R N VEGET A IA .

’ T h e J . W. SCOTT CO M PA NY . L d .

4 0 J o h n St r eet , New Y o r k C it y, 0 . i 0 0 St am p s and C o ns fo r C o llect o r s .

T h elargest stock O f American and Foreign Stamps

and C oins in the trade . They are always open to purchase rare stamps or 1 i O ld a co ns at equitable pr ces . collections speci lly f O 1 o r i desired immediate cash for saleat auct on . W t t ’ A l m J . . Sco s Bes t b u . P 1 fo o and ac rices $ , upwards , o cording t binding .

Prices Paid for all AmericanC oins worth over Face. 1 0 e Fully illustrated . cents , post fr e . et n n e a a .

Volu mel. , attractively bou nd inlinen.23 6 pages; price

Volu mell. , u niform binding,

C ontains many v aluable articles o nthe su bject and

' would make a suitable present for Vegetarians o r thinking people .

' T HE PE RFE C T WAV I N DI E T

A treatise advo cating a r etu r n to th e natu r al and

ancient food o f o u r r ace. B Y ING FO D A NNA K S R , r o f M edici e o f the Facu lt o f Par is Docto n y , Pr i e Po s Fr e Sixth Ed itio n, 1 8 9 5 . c t e

‘

TH E A IAN LISHI G Go 40 ohnSt. Ne York . E VEG T R PUB N J , w SUB SCRI PTION : Per ear r aid to an ar t o th eWor l Y , p ep , y p f d , 20 S s ri tio ns to i er ent a r esses ub c p d ff dd , ” . 6 r 100. Singlecop ies“ cents ; 5 cents p e

' Pu nk s/zed M ont/21! by Veetarian ublishin Coman 40JohnStreet New York it The g P g p y, , C y.

h r k - E nt er ed at t eN ew Yo Post Officeas Second class matter .

1 1 8 8 6 VO L . . IV . DECEMBER 5 , 9 No . .

r i n Veget a a R es t au rant s .

During th e p ast m o nth I have visited nearly all the o ne do zen vegetarian restaurants that flourish in L ondon , and have made the interesting discovery living at these places a man can get well food and plenty o f it for about I shilling 3 0 3 cents) a day . n f s n Though ow ed by di ferent people , these re ta r o ne ants are all run on general plan , and are earning i r hand some ncomes . The e are three floors O n t h e is th e n f first mai dining hall or co fee room , as it is c d a [a ear te alled , where meals are serve at all hours o f o the day ; on the second floor is the smoking r om , where patrons can have access to all the morning h and o n papers and can play chess if they wis , the ’ - third floor is the six penny table d hote dinner, which ’ 1 2 is served every day from to 3 O clock . 8 2 T HE ET RI N VEG A A .

At the lunch hour the coff ee room on the first o f u n floor the resta ra t in Q ueen street , which is “ th e w i -s down in city , is filled ith a t dy and well

ro -s dressed crowd Of men and women , though in p ‘ portion to the men the women are only about as o ne O n to ten . this floor one Often sees silk hats and t al frock coa s , though (and this ways seems strange to an American) most O f the m en retain their hats ”

- o . at table , even when there are w men in the room T h e prices o n this floor are somewhat higher than on

fl b . the oors a ove , and the service is slightly better T u o u ab O f w here is white s gar the t le instead bro n , and the spoons and forks —there are no knives—are O f l German si ver instead of pewter, which is used on r m ih the upper floo . Rolls are served in this roo ' s O f ch u nk s o f a I l th e tead bre d , but cou d not see that s is w r an soup and savory d hes , sweets , etc e e y t s better than those ups air . ' of v er o o d u o r A plate y g so p , either pea , macaroni S r s v h Six cotch b oth , is er ed for t ree pence ( cents) , though t h e waitre ss assu red m e there was no meat stock in it ; but when asked what took the place o f Fo r o ne o na . the st ck , she was u ble to say five pence et ' lentil h e iz n and could g cutlet , w ich was very app t i g " T h e a s e was looked like a meat croquette . pot to t w even better than the cutlet’ and was served with b u t T t r ter beans for five pence . here were various o he “ ’ i is t i f o r savory dishes, wh ch the vege ar an s name w w re m to hat meat eaters ould call an ent e , at fro two P i e five pence each . la n V getables were two pence e t s and thr e pence a plate , hough the savory dishe were so very filling that plain vegetables to accom a ‘ - S s p any th em were not much in demand . The weet 8 THE VEGETARIAN . 3 e were , of course , like those served in ordinary r staur n a ts . ’ T O see the Six- penny table d hote dinner in full Po u ltr e swing one should go to the restaurant in y, at ’ e 2 the beginning Of Cheapside , betwe n I and o clock S o nany day except unday . In th e large bare l ooking room on the to p floor are

d z . t about a o en long , narrow tables At hese tables it 1 0 0 111 O s perhaps men , and it is doubtful if any ther dining room in the city of London can be found more O f a diverse types humanity e ting together . The a and m jority of course , are rather seedy , but here

“ there o ne sees a well dressed and prosperous - looking m man , and fine intellectual faces are not uncom on . The man with frayed cuffs and dirty finger nails and vest minus a button or tw o sits beside the dapper n to looki g law clerk , and neither pays any attention h the other . The chances are t at they have both come — here for the same purpose economy ; for a plentiful and well cooked dinner f o r six - pence is a considera tion to many w h o would be qu ite indifferent to the f i O . h ethical side , vegetar anism The cas ier assured me v O f s , howe er , that many the customer were strict V w egetarians , who ished to encourage the movement

in every possible way . O n each table is a large bowl O f brown sugar and t w another of sal , from hich the customers help them

Selves at discretion . A fork and two pewter Spoons no t are laid beside each plate , but as vegetables do cu t no an o f th e require to be , there are knives in y e h o f a s b 1 tables . The tabl clot s are co r e own lin en and n o ne SO i as scrupulously clea , but if is fast dious to require a napkin it is nec essary to hand o ver a 8 T H E G ET R N 4 VE A IA .

. saw penny for its use Though I looked carefully , I only tw o men in the whole room w h o h ad evidently thou ght it necessary to indulge themselves in this ' lII xu r . O n ff th e y leaving I O ered waitress six pence , all d ea as she had answered my questions , but she C lined the tip , saying they were not allowed to accept n gratuities under any circumsta ces . e ’ B tween 4. and 7 O clock tea is served on the first

o r d th es . floor , , if esired , it can be had in moking o n l ne O f -a room the second f oor . O can get a pot ex cellent f o r e l tea , made fresh , three penc , or a sing e f o r f o r cup two pence . There is bread and butter a s f o r tw o penny , cake at the ame price , honey pence , n n ne s . O biscuits , bu s , or pa try for a pen y can get W a elsh rabbit for four pence (eight cents) , but it is i not a very large one , and is made with m lk instead

of ale . e Though thes are strictly temperance places , they ser ve what is called lager h O p ale f o r two pence a s l l antia b u r to n mal bott e , and ale at the same = price . These beverages are said to contain no alco h o l r , and they certainly taste ather flat .

-f These resta u rants are doing much to make y ege . tar ianism T h e V O popular in London . egetarian S ’ ciet d a y is behind them , and the cashier s esk at e ch l h place is wel stocked wit literature on the subject , h ad which can be for the asking, and cook books for r ec1 es S ~ a penny , giving p for many of the impler veg e ar ia t n ar e e o ne . dishes , forward d to any asking M u ch propaganda work is done I nthe poorer qua i -j th e i l ters of c ty , and the poor peop e are taught how they can live o n a vegetable diet at less than o ne- n half the expe se of a meat diet . They are shown

8 6 E ET RI N THE V G A A .

M y E xp er iences .

BY W LADY G ENDOLEN HERBERT .

H 1 6 0 - 1 2 1 O f uet , Bishop Of Avranches 3 7 , one the e o f and o ne Of greatest r aders his time , possessing t h e f largest libraries o his day, said that everything

“ ' that had been w ritten since le monde est monde might be contained in nine or ten inaf o lio s if each exce a thing had been said once only . He made an p b u t tion of historical details , included science and “ A i ts A O f les Beaux . man of thirty years age might from such a recueil kno w all that had been thought o n these subjects Much concerning science u new and wo ld be reading to the good Bishop now , some hundred and seventy years hence there may be h s muc to astonish the Vegetarian reader , when he read y his weekl or monthly literature of the day . At the pres ent time so many Vegetarian experiences have been Written that I almost feel as though something akin to what the Bishop said o f science and the “ Beaux Arts might be said of Vegetarian exp er -a ienc f 1 m es . I certainly should shrink om giving y own p alt ry exp er iences had I not been asked to d o o n s so , and perhaps it may be profitable c ncerni g thi disputed diet to collect all experiences how ever ln

f or . significant , as a fair method its consideration I was more driven than draw n to become a Vegetaa e r O f l . ian , a sort mora compulsion poss ssed me Its many char m s and st rong attractions have been made known to me late1 on and are revelations o f joy and c no t and peace for whi h I daily say my grace , though ‘ - 1 n necessarily befo re or afte meals . The reaso that I E R A 8 THE VEG TA I N . 7 became a Vegetarian w as th e inconsistency I felt in the condemnation of certain practices in science and o f o f ani sport , with the continuance the slaughter f o r ffi s mals food , su ciently proved to be unneces ary f and inseparable from great su fering . I Observe many people are greatly disturbed by this difficulty t although a great number refuse to face it altoge her . to t They prefer live in a twiligh of half insincerities . i w There is also a cur ous way in hich , without the co nscio u s slightest intention , people can cover up l their impressions . I Often wonder if it is the resu t o f - n a life long acceptation of thi gs as right in theory , l but no t possib e in practice . An incident o f my early m youth fills me with shame , and at the same ti e h f with astonishment . The first time I thoug t o Veg etar ianism ~ th o u h e ( g it was then namel ss for me , as I had never heard that it w as possib le f o r h u man b e ne ings to subsist on such a diet) , was o lovely day when my governess and I were s itting o u t with our i n h books a valley w ere sheep were feeding . The w as u O f VI ild air f ll of the fresh sweet scent the thyme , and we were watching the Sheep and listening to I t the tinkling of their bells . seemed like an illus tr atio n of peace 011 earth ; when like a discord the ‘ s u excla1m ed same thought tr ck us , and we both at H o w is the same moment , horrible it that any crea o n to ture should be killed for us , and we went say to each other how delight ful it would be to live only e o n fruit and vegetables . W discoursed o n the Gar O f E n h u v e h ad e ad den de , and t o ght E be n s ly to blame . f ew d n sis A years afterwar s , when stayi g at my ’ e t h e o w h o t r s house, I met late Lord L velace , was 8 8 E N THE VEG TARIA .

' I m a . th er e a vegetarian was in the schoolroo , and , no t e fore , did see much of the guests , but I rememb r

’ being struck with his youthful figure . activity and l s energy, and my sister has to d me he posse sed great

- a l keenness of intellect , and striking and forcib e style of relating things . I only mention this for the d i t o I cre t of Vegetarianism , and continue say that m I t never united as it were the two re embrances . seems to me even no w strange that I should have earnestly longed to be f ree from any part in the sac r ifice o r f su fering of living creatures for my profit , and that I should have actually seen Vegetarianis m practiced with no ill eff ects and yet never reasoned o f or reflected further on the subject . This incident v my youth , tri ial and childish as it appears to be , taught me that there are few things worse than a

stagnant belief . It seems to me to have a petrifying effect upon the conscience like that produced b y ’ looking upon the Medusa s head . Another use I have ' d rawn therefrom is the staying o f a great int o ler a as ance . I am so strongly convinced myself to the rightness of the matter that it is very difficult for me no t h l to believe it. is hardness of eart and wilfu shutting of the mind wh ich prevent others from join ing us in the face of these reminiscences and unjust

and foolish conclusion . It is some f ew years ago since I became a Vegetaa a : it d ffi s t rian , and I find i cult to remember thing con o ff cerning diet , but my impression is that I left eat h i ing fles , fish and fowl almost immed ately . I suf fered h i n . per ap s in imagination , but never fact i h o r I was constantly afra d I mig t lose strength , suf in o r s t fer health , sleep les well , and I was of en " r HE E E RI 8 V G TA AN . 9

hau nted by the mistaken id ea that I mus t m akeup t for not eating meat . I was owing to my ignorance in not realizing that vegetables possess the same nourishing and supporting properties as meat P ’ “ ’ ’ I ractice , they say , makes perfect , and have found with regard to Vegetarianism that “ Practice m E d v akes easy . ach succee ing year I ha e found and the diet more easy and more beneficial , I cannot but regret that people so often t ry it for six months o r o I . t a year , and then give it up They f en do so , r n r think , at the ve y moment whe perseve ance might s d be mo t rewarde .

Fresh vegetables and fruits in season , rice , and and good brown bread , appears to me the best most h ealthful diet I generally order a small dish at S l every meal pecia ly for myself , and am amused and pleased to see h o w my non - vegetarian guests like to poach on my preserves It was entirely o n moral grounds that I became a su cceeed ed m fo r Vegetarian , but it has ad irably me i n point of health Before I adopted the diet I was scarcely a week without suffering from headache and sickness I never made an engagement without an expressed or sec ret fear that I should be prevented from keeping it . I co uld probably count with ease the number of engagements I have failed to keep i s nce my adoption of Vegetarianism , and the occa l sions wou d be few . Had I sent this paper a week ago to the editor I could have said that I had not had a cold worth m en tio ning for the last t w o years I regard my head aches no w in some sense as Polycrates did the ring h e cast into the sea , as my debt to health as he paid 0 G A 9 THE VE ETARI N .

“ d eb t o d t ~ his t fortune . The continue quest after 1u interrupted good health does not appear to me a b ap o w n py one . It defeats its object , and often disturbs e h ’ the peace of h arth and ome . If the doctor s car r iage stops at the door I am rarely the object o f h is v isit . to and Hot rooms have ceased be a terror to me , yet I derive increased enjoyment from fresh a1r and

open windows . I must be very hungry to require food between my regular meals and I have never t slep so well and serenely as I do now . Many people appear to expect that Vegetarianism u e Per sho ld transform ev ry invalid into an athlete . f ectio n is a difficult thing to realize in any matter and flesh - I do not think that the eaters , with their o ne many hurried visits from doctor to another , and co stl o u r ne s their y j y to foreign watering places , to say noth ing of their untiring pursuit after every quack at u s and nostrum , are the people to throw stones . ' nd on The Vf emr zan L o . g ,

Foo d s o f t h e Nat io ns .

' SC bT L A N D.

Perhaps there is no country in the w o rld in whi ch “ food has so influenced the national character as in h er S . o cotland It is true that deep glens , her glo my , - h l heather clad il s , and her too plentiful fogs and

‘ snows have also had a goo d deal to do with the pro a — d uction of that type o f character best known by the term canny —a term which every ‘ true Caledoni an T HE ET RI N 1 VEG A A . 9

Spurns as conveying an utterly inadequate conception ’ o f the real qualities o f the average Scotchman s L r R character . It is true that o d osebery , that most

genial and popular Celt , the other day , used the phrase which simply means to proceed h slowly , or cautiously , but t at does not imply that i o the Scottish people are caut ous and n thing more . th e S As all world knows , the typical cotchman is He l . cautious , but he is a great dea more is brave l l h n to a fau t , and has an inte lect w ich o ly requires a little oatmeal and water to make it vegetate and flOu r ish exceedingly . Be inn’n S t h e far g g with hetland in north , where r is i e the e l ttle oatm al , unless imported , the conditions

‘ o f life are stern and hard . The soil is generally poor r inca ab le ' save and infe tile , and p , in a few favored

s . n b u t ih pots , of growi g anything coarse hay and an f er io r c e ber g éer e e kind of barley all d . But this wh n

ground into meal , makes a most excellent bread , a bread like m any other good things, not very attrae c W tive in appearan e . hen well baked however , it is S sweet and nourishing , and the hetlanders live ber g e largely upon it . This bread is fr quently su pp lemented by a small fish called p o dd lies the u n o f v th e S o r co alfish yo g aith , caught in the north h in immense quantities in t e season . What is said o f Shetland also applies to the O rk ~ n ou r eys , the gr p of islands nea est to the mainland of S ‘ d . th e O cotlan Unfortunately, in both cases rcad ians and Shetland ers h ave taken to tea - drinking with a zest unsur passed by almost any o ther part of the ’

. Q ueen s dominions It is tea , tea, tea , literally from morning til l night ; and w hen the Shetland women 2 T H E G R N 9 VE ETA IA .

t o f o r r ir go the moors fuel , they car y with them the t ea fire kettles , a is kindled , and the black , boiled d t l t e liqui is consumed in large quanti ies , with it l

sugar and no milk . This frequent tea drinking is having a disastrous effec t o n the looks of the Shet ‘

land women . They age rapidly , and have a sallow , ae W u . S n an mic appearance hen yo ng , the hetla d o m and w en are fair handsome in form and feature , their Norse ancestry g1v1ng them a piquancy o f t u beau y never met with f rther south . O S In rk ney , farming , more diversified than in het l d i R an , is carried on w th greater success . ents are lo w te , and the farmers , although largely nants at ' ’ e ected t o f o r will , are rarely , if ever , j make way

- fl -b f — others , bidding y the o fer of higher rents for and their farms steadings , as the houses are called in

S . S cotland wiss oats , potatoes , barley , hay , and

turnips are grown , and the yield is generally good . The O rcadian farmers use oatmeal in the form o f e e porridge and bread , call d cakes , supplement d by i ! o f potatoes and m lk , and , alas plentiful supplies ‘ ie . o ddl s s tea In the season , p , herring , and other

fish are sparingly eaten. Meat in almost any form is eaten only t o a limited extent in Kirkwall and S and O in h etl . tromness in rkney , and Lerwick S o n Fruit in these islands grows very sparingly , but many of the O rcadian group delicious cranberrie s can be gathered in t h e summer ; and nearly eve ry e m o f gard n has its comple ent black currant bushes , ‘ f ro m ' w h ich th e thrifty inh abitants gather i m mense quantities of berries f o r preserving pu rposes . o f u r The county Caithness , altho gh separated f om O m P n i es rkney by the stor y e tland F rth , resembl the

R 9 4 THE VEGETA IAN .

d is barley and several green vegetables , has largely i s i i appeared . Tea or supper simply a repet t on of w i breakfast , ith the om ssion of the eggs and bacon , but for it is often substituted an indigestible dainty w e called yello fish , that is fish dried and smok d I S S and w h it This a peculiarly cottish comestible , it e o f may be classed some other dish s , all them more 1n i ar e or less Caledonian their orig n . Among these “ — t’ minced collops , scraps of mea chopped fine —a a l white puddings , compil tion of oatmea and ff suet , partially cooked and stu ed into the entrails of “ - a o f r animals ; short bread , cake made fine flou

o r . and and fresh saltless butter , well worked together h e s for baked . Then t Scottish people have a weaknes “ th em ‘ h i h l various kinds of meats called ham , all of g y h w e . seasoned ith salt, pepper , and saltp tre T ese s n th e are made from strip of beef , mutto , and pork , last nam ed not to be confo u nded with the breakfast o f item called bacon , but a preparation pork so unut ter ab l i i y v le , tough and ranc d , as to warrant the be lief that th epi gs w h o were sacrificed to furnish the feast must have made the tour of the globe on foot , ' all and subsisted on na meless garb age the way . S S everal cottish dishes have wellnigh disappeared , ’ b unwept , unhonored , and unsung , save y Burns , w h o co ai sel sings somewhat y in praise of them , the

- i am er su aded r s . e st ubiquitou haggis The hagg s , I p , 1 h I t was never partaken by menn t eir sober senses . to o o i a o o f inter 1o r was h rrible , be ng comp und the s o part of a cow , all chopped together with oni ns and u o f s et , and after being crammed into the stomach i nd e the dead animal , bo led for many hours , a s rved ’ h e s s l to lf co . S up , u ua ly _ a ha drunken mpany ep T HE E T RI N V GE A A .

S u th e head kail , another cottish dish , was j st ordi r i o f na y broth boiled w th the head a sheep , the hair ff o f which had been singed o . The half burned skin of the dead animal gave to the broth a most pec u liar flavo r t A w ay m remote country districts two or three items o f e S i l . diet , distinctiv ly cott sh , may stil be met with O n o f e these is sowans , a dish composed of the i m th e s ds or ger s of grains of the oats , which are r d - al prese ve , steeped for twenty four hours , and are l m owed to lie some time till they fer ent , when they ,

d w ! are cooked like porri ge , and eaten ith milk or but “ ” is ter . Another kail brose , a simple dish made d O ' from cooked and shred ed greens and oatmeal , ver wh ich hot Water is po u red, w hen it may be eaten ’ ” w o r ith without milk . Cadgers brose used to be ‘ and still is a favorite article o f d iet in many parts of S l o f l cotland . It is made of a handfu oatmea n b asm Wi n pressed i to a th a little salt . Boili g water d s l r is then adde , the me s slight y sti red ; after which a th e piece of butter may be added , and brose is ' ' r eatin w ith ad Zzbz l u m o f eady for g, the addition sweet r o sour milk . Thus it w il l be seen that oatmeal se rves as food in a variety of ways , but it is principally as porridge " th at i t is em ployed -a dish so wel l known that it

i i ! needs no descr ption . But it will be no ticed w th in ' ’ ter est n arch f o d . o st o s that in Dr Kellogg s lecture , r Ve etar ian which appea ed in the g , oatmeal is all the better for a long boiling. Por ridge is still largely n S t i eate in co land , and its use as an art cle of diet is n n extendi g amo g the middle and upper classes . W o r easea m eal Boiling ater poured upon peas p , and 6 T H E G ET R N 9 VE A IA .

o ne ar e called pease brose , was at time a common t icle o f d S - iet in cotland , but is only occasionallyused no w o f n . Cakes baked pease meal , were also eate t in coun ry districts , but are not now taken . Tea and white bread are far to o largely the staple diet of S the cottish people , although there are evidences that brown bread is rapidly coming to the front . T/ze Ve etar ian L ond on g ,

T h e W M NY L’ d J . . SCOTT CO P A , ,

4 0 J o h n St r eet , New Y o r k C it y, St am ps 0 and 0 C o ins 0 fo r 0 C o llect o r s The largest stock of American and Foreign Stamps and Coins in the trade . They are always open to purchase rare stamps or O ld coms at equitable prices . collections specially c desired for immediate cash or for sale at au tion . ’ W c t t s Bes t A lb u m . J . . S o Prices and upward s, ac d d cor ing to bin ing .

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A treatise advo cating ar etu rn to th e natur al and i anc ent food o f o u r race.

B Y T A NNA ING FO D K S R , D r o f M ed c e o f the Fac lt o f Par is octo i in u y , r i Sixth Ed iti o n, 1 8 9 5 . P c e Po s t Fr ee.

THE VEGETARIAN PUBLISHING C O 4 0 Joh nSt New York .

O S R . U L TO N ST . N Y J O S H L M E P , F ,

8 9 THE VEGETARIAN .

u and m tw with one o nce sugar four ounces ilk , o

' - ff ounces bread with half ounce butter , one cup co ee f about hal milk . W s interm 1SSI O n u ork in store , tanding without ntil half past Si — o ’ S . upper _Two b iled eggs , three ounces bread , half ounce butter; two ounces stewed potatoes and fo ur o u nces stewed corn . Literary work from quarter past seven to half past l S . G ten . eep from twelve to seven oing and return o ne ing from work occupies hour and a half . There has been practically no variation in this life a for eight years , three hundred and ten days in the ye r . i Age 5 5 , we ght lbs . , health perfect . There was no Special reason for adopt ing this rule i of life , except that it s mplifies things . Finding that d perfect health was compatible with this iet , there f was no reason to change . It obviated waste o time i in th nking what to eat . Hunger and thirst are unknown except on sitting

to flow . o f down meals , when the natural saliva in ‘ forms man that h is body is animal and requires atten to tion . The taste having reverted its natural state , food can be enjoyed without the stimulation of salt r o Spices . c . Work is a necessity of existen e with intellectual i i beings , therefore fully occup ed t me means perfect W can happiness . eariness or exhaustion only come ’ i to improperly nourished or overworked bod es , and as the above dietary supplies ample nourishmen t and plenty of sleep , the body is never hungry , tired or W h o t . sleepy , or cold hile the knowledge that others are not dying or suff ering that w e may live u insures tranq ility of mind , without which all other i o ssess o ns are useless . T H E VEGETARIAN . 9 9

’ A Veget ar ian s Dr eam .

“ Writing i n the N ew C entu ry Rem ew on The Diet f a . O o . ry the T wentieth Century , Dr J ldfield con eludes his articlein these words E ith er the primitive savage was right in h is practices or the modern sci 1 entist is wrong in his theories . I bel eve that the dietary of the twentieth century will be the result o f a' a o f combin tion experience , science , instinct and Ex i ethics . perience proves that the best phys que is o i w o r k is btained , and the best and most susta ned

i . done , by that part of the human race which subs sts u r and upon fr its , g ains , nuts , pulses , vegetables ani S f mal products . It proves that , for pasmodic e forts is of leonine strength, a flesh dietary best fitted , but t d for untiring , patient energy , and real , sus aine s i th e tamina , the vegetarian an mal carries away palm . o x The hard work of the world is done by horses , no t b en , asses , camels , elephants , reindeer , and y G lions , tigers , cats or dogs . The erman long dis tance walking matches have proved . the superior i stay and stam na of Vegetarians . The Scottish peas u a try have been for centuries practically vegetarians , and now their national constitution is so developed that Sco tchmen are found at the top all th eworld over S n n cie ce proves that man , by his a atomy , should be classed at the head of the anthropoid apes among the r carni ver o u s f ugivores , and not with the tiger or the o m ni vo 1 o u s ! hog The type remains permanent , even u after cent ries of experimenting with flesh foods . If these foods had been f o r the good of the human race , we should have expected to , have found a grad 1 0 T H E 0 VEGETARIA N .

w ual adaptation to ard the carnivorous type . Instinct as th e c i s n I remains guide of every hild that bor . n Stinct b t ids the kitten to eat flesh , the lamb o eat and the u ! F l grass , child to eat fr its ina ly, ethics are pleading with a voice growing daily i n n force as in sweetness for a realizatio of prophet , k — f o r poet , and p ainter ali e pleading the incoming i n of the golden age of humanity , when the lion , ‘ l d a no r man , shal lie own with the l mb and longe f thirst for its flesh and bloo_d , when a fection shall take beneath the human aegis all that can su ffer and feel pain and when the kinship o f all beautiful livesshall , _ be recognized and reverenced . The dietary of the coming century shall be in h armony with its aspira

“ tions and the human race will vegetare

' T h e Pit m an Hot el, B ir m ingh am .

' : T h eo pen1ng o f the Pitman. Vegetarian Hotel and

' Restaurant is agood Sign of the onward march of the o vegetari an cause . To be present at the opening n O ctober 2 0 made one feel that the future i s with the P S vegetarians . The itman is plendidly equipped — f o r the success which awaits it a measure of which a ‘ it has already chieved . ‘ It was most fitting that such a depa r ture sh o u ld lb e . a n S i to inaugur ted by a ba quet and peeches , l stening i which was a large gathering of friends , represent ng no doubt the vegetarian thought of the ci ty of Bir m in h am n 1 g , with a sprinkli g of vegeta Ians from o other parts of the c untry. r n i - C . Mr . T . Lowe , of Bi mi gham , a v ce president th e S . . o f the Vegetarian ociety , was in chair Mr Ar

0 2 T H E 1 VEG ETARIAN .

O n s o r signed and constructed in Kauri pine . thi fl o “ is alarge restaurant,with retail sh op f Or the sale- o f “ h i r f o r m an igh class fruit , and with a p r vate oom the

ager . The kitchen has been furnished with a steam cook s a ing apparatus , the cost of which approache thous c o and pounds . Below the kit hen is a b iler , and be

low that . is yet another basement which contains th e

furnace . The hotel is entirely distinct from the restaurant i and retail Shop ; - t is ap proached by a handsome teak i th e' b u ildin sta rcase which leads to each floor of g.

O n th e s r e. f e c fir t floor a the co fe room , commer ial ’ r ffi th e oom , and smoke room , with manager s O ce at

' top O f the staircase ; The other floors contain twen ty-one airy and well - lighted bed rooms and sitting m o roo s , with suitable bath and lavat ry accommoda

tion o n the various floors . The sitting rooms are furnish ed very tastefully and — s comfortably almost luxuriously ; there is al o a. great amount of comfort to be obtained from the bed r m E r i nt i at oo s . very oom in the build ng is ve l ed and heated by a system of radiationu nder th e con trol of the O ccupi er, and no expense h as been spared to mak e th ehotel as complete as possi ble f or t h ehigh c n lass business which i t i sp roposed to carry O . i T he P w o o f es itman , it ll be seen , c nsists hotel r au r an b e a] t t . So and t res , the latter eing fill d with most ev ery Specialty u se that in regard t o food all th eaVenu eS of pleasure ar e no t ed em tel i f is clos to th . The ho tsel y d d m anageres ‘ 1 0 T H E VEGETARIAN . 3

n m i t s and The dini g roo is spac ous , here i a cosy sitting - room and a smoke - room for t hose ‘ h e" co mm ercials who are slaves to t w eed . ' i and M r . . . a J H Cook is the m nag ng director , his ) i nt t i n ri l and t mi n ti dev . o o vege ar a p ncip es de er a on to see t h e Pitman successful are conditions which b must en sure success . A tour through the! uild in b e ffi c n m ce g w i th Mr . Cook would su cient to o v t t t c scep ics , if such here be , tha this hotel has ome to

stay . We feel sure that i n wishing success to the Pitman we are recording the wishes of vegetari ans every Ve emr zm z M essen er where . g g

So u nd M ind in B o dy So u nd .

’ A lo u n C d o Wit esses to the Golden. Ru leo no t tOo M u f f ch .

‘ S E M A Y C . . O R . : ELE TED BY JOHN B , D C L

' E G k R er h avef elt astern , ree and oman teach s th e t e o f n ie Sa iential o k s arland s to f n ed a tholog s p bo , g

‘ ‘ ow c o om all I f earef fl ers , h sen fr sages of time . w t o i n if u th e u ou r a delight the beaut l , the good , tr e , t ste must b e formed

' '

' W u l e th e i r mb e hatever j e v gin cask i u , vo Wh it n e It keep s the sa r ich drank w h e n w . Soldiers i n th e armies of te t d o f chas ity , nee w eapons proof i i h h for the r recru ts. Bis op C ristopher ‘ compiled E z lz zea L z zzco/m eizs zd for stude th edral school . 1 0 “ T H E 4 VEGETARIAN .

Few ar e aware how all literatu re is charged with ss h o w ' a t l le ons of practical wisdom ; even Mar ia , w e 1n t hos venal Muse often wallows the mire , can ye

' no w and again soar into a purer air , giving clear and e ar nest utterance to thoughts and aspirations which c f let m h we annot a ford to die . For y part , in suc l u cid intervals I refuse to scent hyp o crisy ; in my e e and e ears they cho the voice of the tru better s lf , ~ breaking loose for a moment from the spell of vicious

fashion . In these papers I glean passages from the Bible and from E nglish poets in commendation of plain

living and high thinking . If it is found possible to i th e I to i repr nt papers as a book , hope add sect ons r m i f o physicians , travellers , moralists , Brit sh and e a foreign , and from for ign poets , adding perh ps a H c1 itical appendix of the original texts . ints for the m improve ent of the book will always be welcome ,

i - A n Some t me ago Mr . Howard Williams drew up ’ ’ za n lzem za m tk elog A g on uch the same lines . I intend n i W - to co sult th s soon . Mr . illiams has by another ’ Th e E t/z zes o Diet book , f (which found a translator i'n _ Count Tolstoi) proved himself a worthy son of ’ a w as William Wordsworth s college . How h rd once h o w S f o u ndatio n o f the life , abine the fare , in the h Lady Margaret and Bis op Fisher , we know from i n . w Thomas Lever Not thstandi g (or shall I say ,

e . t h therefore ?) in thos early days S . Jo ns bred an a Ascham , a Cecil ; Cheke . Nor can I forget that in Wi the last century it numbered lliam Lamb , one of

t h e i v . class cs of egetarianism , among its fellows

T H E VEGETARIAN .

G o d m d t h e O f Lord co man ed man , saying , every e a en tree of the garden th Ou mayest freely t ; (G . ii 1 5 And on this side of the river and on th at - o f a o f ' f r u its was the tree life , bearing twelve m nner , yielding I ts fruit every mon th ; and th e leaves of th e ' Re z v . tree were f o r th ehealing o f the nations . ( xxii ) LABOR FO R B READ

' o o f d inth e w e Th u shalt eat the herb the fiel , s at of en iii 1 8 1 e G . . thy fac shalt thou eat bread . ( 9 Man

' o no t e d th live by bread alone , but by very thing that p roceedeth o u t Of th e mouth o f the Lord doth m an - G live . (Deut . viii 3 . Matt . iv 4 . Luke iv ive ‘ u s i u r i a 1 1 th s day o da ly bre d . (Matt . vi . M A N THE SH EP HERD

d f rm en 6 8 o o So n H G . (Nimr , son Cush , of a , x 9 )

’ S S O N HI M S SS O F MAN ECOND NATURE , FORCED BY TRE

AN D P C E E R C P SS N . TIME LA E , TH R FO E LO AL AND A I G Go d h And blessed Noa and his sons , and he said i unto them , Be fru tful and multiply , and replenish the A nd o f o u and o earth . the fear y the dread of y u shall be u p O fi every beast Of the and fowl of th eair ; With all whet eth all h th e , and the fis es of sea , l e E o 1n th ey de iver d . very m v g thi ' as the green herb g1venyou ll i h h i i h a . t e t h t e But w t , l fe hereof , w ch is

o t . no t ea en 1x bl od hereof , shall ye t. (G . A N EXCEEDING GOOD LAND

nd t e S o o t a A they ( h . pies sent t sp y u the land of C ch OO l a d o n valley of Es , n cut d wn

. O ne C r and with lu ste of grapes , V 0 THE EGETARIAN . 7

they bare it upon a staff between two ; also of th e m 2 T h e a h e N u . t . . pomegran tes , and of figs ( xiii 3 d d r is exa lan , which we passe th ough to spy it out , an ceed ing good land, a land which flo w eth and h o r with milk oney . (Num . xiv 7 A land b o o f t S r oks wa er , of fountains and depths , pringing fort h in valleys and hills ; a land o f wheat ” and b arley and vines and fig trees and pomegranates ; a land o f O il : eat , olives and honey a land wherein thou shalt r th o u h t no t an scar ceness _ b ead without , s al lack y t in hing it . (Deut . viii 7 E NOUGH A s GOOD A s A FEA ST t Better is little with the fear of the Lord , than grea treasure and trouble therewith Bet ter is a dinne r of herbs wh ere love is than a stalled ox and h atred P 1 6 - 1 therewith . ( rov . xv 7 . Better is a dry morsel h u and quietness therewith , t an a ho se full of feasting P vii 1 with strife . ( rov .

P TEM ERANCE . W 1 r and ine s a mocker , st ong drink a brawler , 5 1 no P ! x 1 wh osoever erreth thereby 5 t w ise ( rov . . Ben t a eb lu tto no u sxeat a o mong win ibbers , among g er s of h f o r lu tto ri and th e ' d r u nk ard a fles , the g sh ll

! h a - cometo poverty . Wh o th woe ? w h o hath

? cententio ns ? w h o co m laina sorrow who hath . hath p ing ? w h o h ath wound s without cause? w h o hath r-ed

' ness of eye s ? They th at tarry long at the wine ;

t to - o u t no t they hat go seek mixed wine . Look thou is red it h i s r upon the wine when it , when givet t colo i m : in the cup , when t goeth down s oothly at the last e it biteth lik a serpent , and stingeth like an adder h l eh d t t and t ne s al b ol s range hings , hi 1 0 8 y E G E T A RI A N THE .

' 2 0 heart shall utter f ro w ard things . xxiii t no t k O k to I is for ings , Lemuel , it is not for ings

' I er em Recheb ite . I . s drink (Isa v . J xxxv the ) wine ; W ? nor for princes to say , here is strong drink Lest they drink and forget the law and pervert the judg I f Wo e ment of any that s a flicted . (xxxi 4 5 . unto t u hem that rise p early in the morning , that they may foll ow strong drink ; th at tarry late into the n 1 1 er em W I s . ! . . ight , till ine inflame them ( a v J xxxv Rech eb ites u the . They that be drunken are dr nken in the night . But let us , since we are of the day , be

s . I V ober ( Thess . 7

’ A B R SLEEP THE WAGES O R L O . S o f The leep a laboring man is sweet, whether he eat little or much ; but the fulness of the rich will not ff r h im S s u e . E to leep ( ccles . v T H E O F P E KINGDOM EAC .

And the wolf shall dwell with the lamb , and the leopard shall lie down with th e k id ; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together ; and a little

’ c hild shall feed them . And the cow and the bear Sh all feed ; their young ones shall lie down t ogether ; and the lion shall eat straw like the ox : And the s S ucking child hall play on the hole of the asp , and the weaned child shall put his hand on the adder ’s d en . They shall not hurt or destroy in all my holy m o u ntain ; for the earth Shall be full o f th e knowl

e t . . dge of the Lord as the wa ers cover the sea _ (Is

- . 6 2 ii iii 1 0 iv. xi 9 , cf . lxv 5 . 4 . Joel . Micah 3

WI L EUL W S . A TE ‘ i Wherefor e do ye spend for that which is not b r ead and your labor for that wh ich satisfiéth no t ? H earken

1 1 0 T H E VEGETARIAN . d e ’ n file himself with the king s meat , nor with the wi e which he drank ; therefore he requested o f the prince o f the eunuchs that he might no t defile him self th e th e And prince of eunuchs said unto Daniel , I n fear my lord the ki g , who hath appointed your meat and your drink : for why should h e see your faces worse liking than the youth s o f your own age ? P Then said Daniel to the steward , rove thy s and ervants , I beseech thee , ten days ; let them give to eat to o u r us pulse and water drink . Then let c ountenances be looked upon before thee , and the ’ c ountenances o f the youths that d id eat the king s

m . o f eat . And at the end ten days their c u o ntenances appeared fairer , and they were fat ter in flesh than all the youths which did eat of the k ’ ing s meat . (Dan . i 3

M A N S WANT BUT LITTLE .

i i s The ch ef thing for life water , and bread , and a le S . E . garment , and a house to cover hame ( cc s xxix 2 1 - ffi i . How su c ent to a well mannered man is a very little , and he doth not breathe hard upon his h e bed . Healthy sleep cometh of moderate eating ;

‘ h is h im ain o f rises early and wits are with . The p n ar e wakeful ess , and colic , and griping , with an i d insat able man . And if thou hast been force to eat , rise up in the midst thereof , and thou shalt have rest . 1 i 2 1 (xxxi 9 cf . xxxvi 9 3 . The chief of all things f O r i necessary the l fe of man are water , and fire , and i ri and ron , and salt , and flour of wheat , a d honey , i O il a , m lk , the blood of the gr pe , and and clothing ,

(xxxix Be not anxious for your life , what ye shall eat 0 1 what ye Shall drink ; no r yet for your T H E I I I VEGETARIAN .

body , what ye shall put on . Is not the life more

th e i ? . than the food , and body than the ra ment (Matt h V1 2 2 6 G 5 , cf . odliness with content is great n r aI m ent gai And having food and , let us be

h n 1 6 8 . therewit conte t . ( Tim . vi H I W O s MY NEIGHBOR . A certain man was going down from J er u salem to i b h Jer cho , and he fell among rob ers , who bot stripped h im t and robbed him , and bea him , and departed , l n . leaving him ha f x dead And by chance a certai i n w a n pr est was goi g do n that w y, and whe he saw h im n he passed by o the other side . And in like i h th e manner a Lev te also , w en he came to place and a i S w o n h . him , passed by the ot er s de But a certain S amaritan as he journeyed , came where he was ; and h w as n w en he saw him he moved with com passio , to h is and came him , and bound up wounds , pouring o n o il o w n and wine ; and he set him on his beast , f o . and brought him to an inn , and took care him And on the morrow he took out two pence and gave id them to the host and sa , Take care of him , and S whatsoever thou pendest more I , when I come back a a1n w ill h W e g , repay t ee . hich of these thre , think h im est thou , proved neighbor unto that fell among ? r the robbers And he said , He that shewed me cy m o . h i G on him And Jesus said unto , , and do thou 0 like w ise . (Luke x 3

‘ T H E SP S IRIT AND THE FLE H .

Now, the works of the flesh are manifest , which are these i , fornication , uncleanness , lasciv ousness , idola i i try , sorcery , enmit es , str fe , jealousies , wraths , fac i d tions , d visions , parties , envyings , runkenness , rev 1 1 2 E T THE V GE ARIAN . ellin s w g , and such like ; of which I fore arn you , even d id h e r as I forewarn you , t at th y which p actice such l no t th e k in d o m Go d things Sha l inherit g of . But S ff the fruit of the pirit is love , joy , p eace long su er in g, kindness , goodness , faithfulness , meekness , self control ; against such there is no v 1 9 - 2 c no w u w o r The hour ometh , and is , when the tr e shippers Shall worship the Fath er in spirit and truth : f o r such doth the Father seek to be his worshippers . ’ — elar zmz M sen r (John iv 2 Veg es ge .

The Czar o f Russia was high ly honored a few d weeks ago , having been allowe to kiss Leo Tolstoi , a greater honor than has ever been achieved by one o f his race .

T ’ ‘ M PA NY L ’ T h e J . W. SC O Q C O . d ,

4 0 J o h n St r eet i fiew Y o r k C it y, 0 0 in 0 f r 0 ll r St am p s and C o s o C o ect o s .

The largest stock o f Ame r ican and Fo r eI gnStamps i and Coins n the trade . They are always Open to purchase rare stamps or i i O ld coins at equ table pr ces . collections specially i o desired for immed ate cash or for sale at aucti n . ’ W t t s Bes t A lb u m . J . . Sco ' o o and a a P . c rices $5 upw rds , cording to binding .

Prices Paid for all AmericanCoins worth over Face.

st . 1 0 . Fully illu rated cents , post free

- O M E S P R . 7 3 7 9 U L TO N ST . N . Y . J O S . H L , F , ,

T H E G N VE ETARIA .

- being the case that the great naturalists , from Lin ae n u n co n n us o ward , give implicit j dgme t to the tr ar in k y, by class g man ind with the frugivorous f a ir R family o the anthropoid pes . Thus S ichard O wen says °

The Apes and Monkeys , which Man most nearly t resembles in his den ition , derive their staple food - r m a f o fruits , gr in , the kernels of nuts and other forms in which the most sapid and nutritious tissues

- o f t the vegetable kingdom are elaborated ; and the close resemblance between the Q uadrumanous and th e d S Human entition hows that Man was , from the ' ‘ e a to beginning , more esp cially ad pted eat of the ’ f d onto r a /z o . O fruit the trees of the garden g p y , c/z x 1 8 . . 1 0 , p 47 , 4 And here is the more recent verdict of Sir Benja min Richardson : “ O n the whole I am bound to give judgment on the evidence of th eteeth r ath er in favor o f the Vege o f to tarian argument . It seems fairest fair read from Nature that th e teeth o f m anwere destined o r d t h e — f o r fitte , if word destined is objected to a “ o r m plant vegetable diet , and that the odification f O Od due to animal , by which some change has been

” o r made , is practically an accident necessity , which would soon be rectified if the conditions were ren dered favorable to a return to the primitive State .

n f W i is o r h viz as r o vin h is senten e is u oted o o r h at t t . T c q ly w , , p g ’ th at in ens O ini o n M an w as o r i inal f r u i vo r o u s. I f th e h le , Ow p , g ly g w o assa e inO onto r a h b e st u ied it w i l b eseen th at ( ) w en anno t p g d g p y d , l c air l be ited as a Ve etar ian au th o r it b e au se a ter allu in t o f y c g y, c , f d g h efa t th at th e a es o asio nall eat inse ts e s and o u n i r s t c p cc y c ; gg y g b d . h e su m s ' u p in favo r o f wh at h e calls th e fr u givor o u s and m ixed n and n ” T h is o int I h ave ea t ith r egim en o f th e Q u ad ru m a a M a . p d l w lat er inth ech apter . T H E I I VEGETARIAN . S

. o u s By weighing the facts that now lie bef re , S the inference is justified that , in pite of the very long time d u r 1ng which man has been subjected to nc an animal diet , he retains in pre pondera e his original and natural taste for an innocent diet de fir s F d rived from the t fruits of the earth . oo s f or M n ’ a a on mcm s M a z ine 1 888 . , L g g , S Yet , in pite of such testimony , and more of an

equally authoritative kind , it is quite a common thing for some flesh - eating scientist to allege against Vegetarianism the conformation of the h u man teeth o r stomach “ SC S : o u r o u r IENTI T But teeth , my good friend , teeth ! What can be the use o f your talking abou t o u r Vegetarianism , when we both of us carry in mouths a proof o f th e necessity of flesh eating ? “ : S e ! VEGETARIAN peak for yours lf, if you please But you interest me greatly ; f o r if your teeth are o u really such as y describe them , the teeth of a t b b tiger , you might make a for une y exhi iting them ’ as a freak at the World s Show . Might I jus t look ? o u n t SCIENTIST : Look at your own . If y have o ‘ ’ l o n your share of canines , the pecu iarity is your

side . “ VEGETARIAN : But su rely you do not hold the ' ’ pop u lar fallacy that mans can ine teeth class him among the carnivora ? “ SCIENTIST : They prove at least that he is an Wh eater of flesh as well as of vegetables . y else has ‘ b e got s u ch teeth ? “ VEGETARIAN : Wh y has a gorilla go t such teeth ’ O w For the purpose of combat and defense , en tells ‘ ’ no t us , of food . And if a gorilla , with canines I 6 N I THE VEGETARIA .

’ much more d eveloped than man s is a f rugivor ous an animal , why must m with less developed canines be carnivorous ? “ S S : W l l t h e i CIENTI T e l , well e us turn to t d ges th f tive organs , then . Look at e immense di ference

between the human stomach and that of the true. e herbivora . How can mankind g t the required nu e n t es triment from herbs , wh n we have o the nec sary apparatus for doing so ? VEGETARIAN : But it has never been argued by

.u s o t , nor is it in any way essential t our argumen , ’ lzer bzz ror ou s W th er that mankind is . h at have e h b iv o r a t o do with the question ? “ SCIENTI ST : I have seen them quo ted in your books as instances of strength and endurance “ VEGETARIAN : To dispel the illusion that there is no Chemical nutriment in anything but flesh - food ; but that is quite a different thing f rom asserting i v T h e that man is h mself herbi orous . point at issue i s Si Y o u n in mple . charge Vegetarians with flyi g We o u o w . n the face of Nature show y , from your i h authorit es , t at the structural evidence , whatever that may be worth (it was yo u w h o first app ealed to it i i h e ) , pronounces man to have been or ginally ne t r

r i r u ivo r o u s . carnivorous nor he b vorous , but f g If h th e ? you t ink otherwise , wh at do you make of apes The close Similarity that exi sts between th e str u c t ure o f man and that of the anthropoid apes is the hard f aCt th at cannot be evaded by the apologists of i of flesh eating . In the conformat on alike of brain , a f t m h w e h nds , o tee h , of salivary glands , of sto ac , have indisputable proof of the frugivorous origin o f m an— - it u u indeed , is not serio sly q estioned , by any

I 1 8 THE VEGETARIAN . rather disingenuous q u ibble that lurks in the specious ” o f : application to mankind the . term omnivorous w for hat , in the present connection , does the word e omnivorous mean It cannot , obviously , m an S h o f o r that man hould , like the g, eat , if so , it would sanction not only flesh eating but canni b ali m s S C , , and we hould have to lass mankind (so Professor Mayor has wittily remarked) as lzo m z zz zw r 0215 ! m an It must mean , presumably , that is fitted ’ ever / M in m z t/z zn é v e etab le to eat not y g, but y g g food or animal food— implying that he is eclectic in his to h diet , free choose what is good and reject w at is u o f a bad , without being bo nd by an original law_ * N ture . To the name omnivorou s , used not in the in s no t hoggish sense , but this rational ense , and ex u d i cl ng , as the scientists would absurdly make it the f o r C e o f mom ! exclude , and other considerations , i is the Vegetarian need raise no object on . Man

’ u ? H e omnivoro s , is he may select his own diet from the vegetableand animal kingdoms ? Well and “ good : th at is ju st what we have always advised h im w e to do , and are prepared to give reasons , moral

and hygienic , why , in making the selection , he should

t h e no t o f . omit use , all animal products , but of flesh

t , The scientists cannot have it ea/z ways . They can not dogmatize o n diet as a thing set tled by compara n also m an ° tive a atomy , and assert that is omnivor

I t h as een ell sh o nb Dr J . ld fie d inth eN ew C ent r Review b w w y O l u y , O v r i m in h e h o i h sense is n t ch ar acter is ct . , 1898 , t h at o m ni o s t gg s , o e n h ale o f li e t h e t ic o f ro r essiv . m ank in . T h eh i h er w e o i t e s p g d g g c f , m o r ew efind selectiontak ing th eplaceof o m nivo r ism T h em o r eco m ’ lex th e o r an m th e r eater its sele tive cap acI t . Sele ti o n, p g is , g c y c ’ th en r at h er th an o m nivo r ism sh ou l b e th ew at h - cr o f th e h u , , d c y ” m an r i u ar aceevo lv ng pw d . I I THE VEGETARIAN . 9

- i . n e . o w ous , . . , free to choose what is best But let us return to our monkeys . SCIENTIST : You just no w quoted the gorilla as a a i frugivorous anim l , but , on further cons deration , I m — cannot ad it him to be so . He is omnivorous like ’ Sir R w r O . man . I have ichard en s autho ity for it VEGETARIAN Indeed ? You have been investi gating his character , I suppose , as a judge makes ‘ ’ o f careful inquiries into the record a prisoner , in th ehope of finding something t o palliate that dread ful Charge of ak r eo ph agy? “ S S t of CIENTI T : Yes ; and I acqui him the charge . Are yo u aware that chim panzees and gorillas have been known to eat flesh food with much relish ! VEGETARIAN : What ! Does the ape rush upon th e antelopes , and rend them with those canine teeth of his ? How horrible ! “ SCIENTIST : Not exactly that ; but I am told by ‘ ’ Sir S a m Henry Thompson that ally, the l rge chi ' anz ee so Z i G w as p popular in the oolog cal ardens , not infrequently sup plied with animal food . W h o w e t VEGETARIAN ell , and do s tha prove that the chimpanzee is not naturally f rugi voro u s ? I S o ne if hould imagine that any of us , placed in a ‘ ’ S t h e r cage , and called ally , and stared at all yea n o f m l round by a thro g gaping visitors , ight be liab e E to aberrations . ven a Vegetarian might do the same.

” S S : Bu t b a CIENTI T in their wild state , also , the n o n r n boons are k own to prey liza ds , you g birds , eggs , P . a o u c n . etc , when they get them erhaps y were not aware of th is when yo u called th e apes f r u gi vo r ous ? 2 T H E 0. . 1‘ VEGETARIAN

‘ GE o f and VE TARIAN I was quite aware it , in View o f th e exceedingly small importance o f these casual pilferings as compared with their staple diet , ar e f o r u I maintain that they , all practical p rposes , fa v f . rugivorous Indeed , so r from this mischie ous penchant of the apes being an argument against Vegetariani sm i t is m o st su ggestive as explaining how the early savages may have passed , almost by

to . accident at first , from a frugivorous a mixed diet “ S E S : W a CI NTI T ell at any rate , it indicates th t o apes have a tendency to become omnivor us . “ : i i so VEGETARIAN Yes , if you l ke to express t ; and h it is still more evident that men have t at tendency . Bu t the questi on i s whether the tendency is righ tly z azin i nterpreted as giving a sanction to flag/ g g. For flesh e atin m eans th e g, as we use the term , destroy in o f h i l - a m s g and devouring gh y org nized mam al , and is a very d ifferent thing from the egg and liz ard i hunting in wh ich the monkeys somet mes indulge . “ If yo u would confine your flesh eating to a few i n u h nsects and estlings , you wo ld have a better rig t to quote the example of the apes . S S : o ne not CIENTI T But if eats an insect , why an ox ! Is not the p rinciple the same ?

it if . VEGETARIAN : No - is a very d ferent one But that is a question which I have already d isc u ssed i with our friend the Super or Person . a n’ Has flesh eating been ~ necessary step in ma s ? W c h has progress ithout a cess to the fles pots , it d u th e n th been aske , wo ld not race have remai ed in e groves with the orangs and the gorillas ? I d o not see that Vegetarians need concern the m selves to n w a s er such speculations , which , interesting though

1 2 2 T H E VEGETARIAN .

’ Finally E ugen d A lb er t and Professor! Klind t a ar i woer h recommended me to become veget an. Tho u gh I had a kind o f myst erious repu gnance to i the idea of g ving up my rare beefsteak , to which I had become accustomed , especially in America , and feared that I m i ght b eattacked with weakness in e r consequ nce , I gathered my energies togethe and began one day to live only on vegetables and fruit . “ W hat happened ? It agreed admirablywith me . ’ t o r s True , the firs two three day I couldn t get rid d ’ of the idea that I di n t feel satisfied . But by the m d , fourth day I was accusto e to , it and after a fort night the attacks o f dizziness and fainting and heart ‘ palpitation had ceased . I was a free being , cured of all my troubles , which had been playing me such

bad tricks . In addition to this I must not underestimate the satisfact ion I feel in knowing when I sit down to a w and meal that I am not eating my fello creatures , that in orde r to satisfy my appetite no harm has a come to them , and it has not been necess ry to take h e h t lives of any of t em . “ Bu t yo u want to kno w principally what I eat h and drink the days I sing . W ether I sing or not i n my d et remai s the same . I carry out the same

programme , and that suits me perfectly . If I hap — pen to be at home I rise very early at six o r half ’ — ~ past se ven o clock go into m y garden and work

there among my plants and flowers . “ If the we athe r is bad I w rite a good deal At

a - n ~ h lf past seven I dri k a glass of milk , eat a little r n n u rye b ead and o w and the some fr it . “ bu t Usually I dine at noon , when I sing in the 1 2 THE VEGETARIAN . 3

h I l evenings , an our later . take a p ate of vegetable f ” o . or rice soup , then I eat a plate Vegetables At ’ l h o f four o c ock I ave a cup milk , and at seven ’ o f o clock eat some, green salad , a couple eggs or c heese . At odd intervals during the day I have ’ f r u itf P w eat b u t erhaps t ice a year I fish , I don t care for it much , and only take it when I can find n nothi g else , “ With o ne plate of rice taken in the afternoon I S [so/d o to am strong enough to ing , and stand the strain of all the great roles which last until mid night . v I never touch alcoholic drinks , ne er am thirsty am and I have a fine , buoyant feeling when I out E walking . very morning I go through calisthenics , w take a swim when I can , other ise cold baths , work n e a great deal in the garden and indoors . I no lo g r ’ w i s m kno what fatigue since I ve beco e a Vegetarian , and can stand a great deal moi e both mentally and e bodily . Therefore I can highly r commend this S i t i ts f n mode of life . imple as is , e fect u po the — soul is most stimulating /Vow Y07 k H er ald

A Go o d Wels h Hab it .

’ Fr o m L zzoos s A ll t/zo Wor ld O ver W The gallant elsh , of all degrees Have one delightful habit ve They co r toast with melted cheese ,

And call the thing a rabbit . 1 2 4 THE VEGETARIAN .

Rr O p agand a Fo r A ll.

To $11 E d itor T H E 6 of VEGETARIAN . — SI R As there are in the United Kingdom about o ne i n four thousand flesh eaters to Vegetar a , it be hooves each individual ak r eo p h agite to do all he can

to advance the movement . There is ample room for

the private soldier in the rank and file , and here I desire to point out a few o f the ways in which all

may help . I d . By the free istribution of literature outside f a d places o worship . This is excellent n most use f l 'I l u work , suitable for boys and girls . shal be pleased to forward a supply o f leaflets to any w h o ‘ h w a will help to spread the light in t is y. ’ P S 1 u nion By writing letters to the ress . ince al l [a or ce n f f , an organization has bee formed for i th s purpose , and all earnest Vegetarians who have a little time to spare are urgently requested to com m u nicate i be with me , when full particulars w ll sent , i al 3 . By wear ng the Vegetarian badge , and by and i b e i ways looking be ng well , so as to a cred t to

the movement .

- - 4. By inducing non Vegetarian house wives to use in alb ene nu co l e or instead of lard . w i t 5 . By ear ng Vegetarian boo s and by using Vegetarian soap and crockery if po ssible 6 i i . By hav ng a good answer to g ve to the Christ ” ate fish objector . i 7 . By g ving the news agent a regular order for the

Vogomr zan. 8 and b eco m . By joining the nearest local society i n g an active worker therein .

T H E VEGETARIAN .

A fruit diet has often been kno w n to cure w here

. e every ot her remedy has failed . Thousands of cas s w hich had been given up as hopeless have been cured u o f thro gh this means . T fruit eeders such things as

gout , rheumatism , lumbago , sciatica , etc . , are sel d m i o . known Dyspeps a , nervous irritability , to say o f o f can nothing numbers other diseases , , more or

less , be traced to a wrong diet , and are removable

when a frugivorous one is adopted . If, therefore , a t p m fruit diet had nothing else recom end it , its cura tive powers would be great enough to insist upon its ’ — ll u r da o u r nal asse s Sat . value . C y j

_ D RE K U R E . W C . MAR ABLE r . Hotz reports the following case — A young journeyman builder came to f h s me su fering from piles , which had burdened i o f to life from the dawn manhood up , his fortieth

year , and made it very hard for him to follow his

calling . He had lived , as he deemed , moderately , and said he had bestowed no great care o n h is mode o f h e of life , as , with the exception the piles , had

ine . been xcellent health I found , however , that he o f flesh - e was very fond meat , ind ed , he seldom sat and no i w as to o down to a meal without it , sp cing

strong for him . He also smoked heavily, in the form i of pipe and c gars , and drank much coffee , but next d al to no alcoholic liquor . I ordere a simple diet i f and most exclusively Vegetar an , forbade co fee ’ “ - f ordered in its place Kneip p s Corn co fee . At night he wore a compress of cold water . He was u o u t all caref l in following my injunctions , and we w were both re arded by . seeing the symptoms of disease vanish in an incredibly short time . I 2 THE VEGETARIAN . 7

’ E Do G HYDRO P HOBIA THROUGH ATING s MEAT . A very terrible case o f hydroph obia is reported from

the neighborhood of Dresden . A poor family in the village of Warnsdorf had killed a d o g and partaken Sh w of its flesh . ortly after ards symptoms of hydro a o ne th e phobi developed in of children , who soon o f became Violent . The rest the family have been

placed under strict medical control . R K O LD W — Gaz elle A VERY EMAR ABLE OMAN . The deC lzar ler o z reports the existence of a peasant woman

G w h o . at osselin , has completed her hundredth year Sh e 1 8 1 8 2 was born in 7 9 , married in 4 , and had n o f m . eleven children , seven who are still livi g A S h er husband earned b u t thirty shillings per ’ m iller s s to W month as a assistant , she had ork very

ha r d ind eed ; . b u t she looks upon this fact as one of i the main contr butors to her longevity . In answer i o u w to the quest ons , how have y managed to gro so

old and have such excellent h ealth , her reply was I and e . lived on bread , dri d peas potatoes _ I al w ays had a splendid appetite and even now I never retire at night w ithout having a dish o f potatoes f o r r never in all m li e ale es/z meal my suppe . , y f , fi . ” e Sh e I always retired early . W need not say rose o ld u o f early . This lady has never been o t her native village and counts it as a great incident in her life that she once saw Napoleon the Great when he G se came to os lin . — H o w T o KILL DOGS S ome dogs fed exclusively ’ o n 0 0 S meat broth (5 grams) , in Vulpian laboratory , n h died on the ni eteenth day , while ot ers to whom water alone had been given survived within one day — as long , dying the eighteenth day which shows the 1 2 8 THE VEGETARIAN .

— negative nutritive value o f meat brow s j ou r nal of ’ A mer zoaa M ed ical

R r e C O . The Bolton Vegetarian estaurant , Ltd . , port th at ~ t h eir sales for the past six months are in th e d ir ec excess of similar period for last year . The I O tors are able to pay per cent . dividend , and carry forw ard a substantial su m to the already satisfactory u reserve f nd . A committee has been appointed to m We look out for larger or additional pre ises . have the more pleasure in publishing the above " informa t e R s tien , as h Bolton Vegetarian e taurant is entirely l controlled by ocal Vegetarians .

’ M C au h e R The g y estaurants , Ltd . carrying on G w Vegetarian restaurants at Belfast , lasgo and

Dundee , has declared an interim divide nd for its first h — alf year after formation into a company , at the rate f W i o . 5 per cent hen last we inqu red , we learned that the receipts o f the company were steadily in~ n creasi g .

’

T HE PE RFEC T WAY IN DI E T .

A treatise advo cating a r eturn to th e natural and

ancient food o f o u r r ace.

D t r o f M ed ci e o f the Fa lt o f Par i s oc o i n cu y , 1 r Sixth Ed itio n, 8 9 5 . Pr ic e Po s t F ee.

k THE VEGETARIAN PUBLISHING C O 40 Joh nSt New Yor .

- O . U L TON 71 . J O S H L M E S P R , 7 3 7 9 F 5 , N . Y

1 0 T H E E 3 V GETARIAN .

the question , and caused considerable amusement ’ is u o f r th e H e by h humoro s method t eating subject . then said he was willing for a time to be t h e butt of an h i s me y critics who wished to reply to state nts , and he would later in the evening do his best to de m lish h l o such criticism . The discussion w ich fo low scai cel ed y flagged for an instant , and a number of h mo S u rous peeches , mostly antagonistic in character S were made by Various honorable members . pace does no t ei h i c p mit of our giving t em in detail , but the For w ere very few points left unanswered in Mr . ’ S w as : ward reply , which as follows It h as been urged that the fact th at vegetables and fru its ar e matured with somewh at disgusting sub stances i s a reply to the statement that pi gs and other s r e animal eat all kinds of garbage , but it should be membered that before a d ecaying substance could be appropriated by a plant it must be resol ved into its i n t a i no t a norga ic elements , and h t th s process is nal ago ns to the Simple ingestion o f substances by the e i s dig stive appa atu of animals . The same speaker had referred to anaem i a and poorness of blood as an outcome of abstinence from d Of flesh . But ju ging from the advertisements pat m i ae a ent edic nes , an mi was a Very common complaint flesh a n t amongst the e ti gportion of the communi y , and was not cu rable by increasing the quantity of flesh me eaten . That so land used for pasture was not i it su table for tillage was true , but need not worry the honorable member u nless he was merely eating d flesh i n order that the pastu re land might be use . a to (Lau gh ter . A somewhat simil r remark applied the criti cism that Vegetarians ought not to wear ‘ I HE VEGETARIAN . 3 1

d id u leather boots . They not ca se animals to be il h r no k led for the sake of the leat e , and , doubt , when the abandonment of flesh eating caused a scarcity o f b e d O ne i u . . leather , good subst tutes wo ld foun hon o r ab le th e . member had asked what would become of no t h i animals if they were eaten . T is rem nded one of the old lady who when petroleum oil was intro ; “ d u ced ! W t w ill o o f , exclaimed , Bless me ha bec me t the poor whales ? (Laugh er . ) If the honorable member was merely eating meat f rom ph ilanth ro ph ic m otives—(laughter) —h e might rest assured th e economic difficulty that distu rbed him was an e11t1re ~ lyimaginary o ne a t fl u b ei n u r i The rem rk tha , after all , esh co ld not j o u s f o r t h e w r e as food , orld got along ve y w ll with it showed the honorable member w as no t a close

W r . observer Of ob vio u s facts around him . hen he (M For w ard) looked around h im he deplored the co n i - m new s a dit on of the meat eating com unity . The p p ers were eloquent upon this matter by the ad vertise o f be d ments quack remedies , which it might suppose were not taken by meat eaters Simply because they i e m u h r e l k d the . (La g te . ) The infer nce was that th e majority of the community were i n a bad way.

' and had continually to resor t to remedies for t hei r Si r o f a e disorders . milarly , the rema k the s me s p ak e th e E Ger inau s—J - t h e r, that nglish , Americans and “ o - a- t t most g head nations , ate the mos mea was n w r o not convincing . Those very natio s e e , ab ve all

h m - s i f o r ot ers , re arkable for ill health , e pec ally such s u s w i disorder as indigestion , gout and rhe mati m , h ch r l i r esu ted from a badly chosen d eta y . Another Speaker had arg u ed that fo u r times the 1 2 T H E E T A N 3 V GE ARI . quan tity o f land would be required to gi o w th e 1 e ' u isi te nis no w d q quantity of vegetable food tha neede . W t r or i a l ell , he e would be a much larger prop t on vai f o r t d id o nai r w as able , even ca tle not live There ff O lIl l O n i fOr a di erence of , , fi p too on this quest on , w hereas th e honorable member believed that mor e land w as required f o i a vegetable dietary Humboldt “ ’ (laughter) Said much less would d o But Humboldt 5 i i r i d e Op n on was , of cou se , a m nor etail . (Laught r . ) An honorable member referred to the i em ar k ab le Of n a h a h Oten case Nebuchad ezzar , and st ted t t t at p w as i tate nsane on a vegetable diet . ' The history of Neb u ch ad nez z ar certainly showed h e m ad V t bl di r that was when he began a ege a e eta y , and up to that“ point was an argument against the

' ’ diet But the h onorable member co nvenient ly f o sr

- got to sta te - that th e diet had th e effect o f -cu r 1ng t he i m if e On k ng of his adness , which put a d ferent asp ct b a r u the su ject (L ughte and appla se . ) e - as i Be f tea had been referred to nour shing , but

i ' here again the scientific au th Or ities outside the pres ent assembly (laughter) d eclared th at it w as only i it e n o f st mulant . If was really the quint sse ce nu n th e O x ei trime t , why not feed ford g th e note result . There w as the honorable member who h ad d ealt n ifi n t “heat seie t . o with the c arguments , too He did u h a t h an - b t m about the bush , stated emp tically at O n n if was an omnivorous animal . this poi t he d f er ed w i a O Linnaau s with Dar n , H eckel , wen , Cuvier , e d and a host of others . (Laught r . ) He remarke , to o n ve e , that the gastric juice had no influe ce on g a o ct l b e t ble fo ds , but he corre ed himse f and su stitut d

; 3 4 T H E VEGET A RIA N :

Another honorable m ember had refe r red to th e i and Australian parrot , formerly a Vegetar an , now a fle w ? Ve e sh eater . But here was the moral The g C l i tarian p arrot was a omparatively harm ess b rd , wh ilst the parrot that attacked the sheep was a pes tilent nuisance that everyone sou ght to exterminate T h e gentleman was quite safe in saying that the ’ E o n . skimo couldn t live vegetables That was, a m s ’ oral certainty , for the poor wretche couldn t get n i W h e i such thi gs . But here aga n , here was t po nt of the arg u ment ? The suggestion of an honorable m ember that great quant i ties o f corn and vegetables wou ld need ' to all Ve etai ians w as be imported if we were g , , in d u n e eed , a startling one, til one remember d that ’ even now enormous qu antities of butcher s meat were imported and sold as E nglish or Scotch

e . m at . (Laughter ) ‘ - O ne h o no r ab le m em b er liked his tubercle b a c h W h . . e e cilli to be w ell ooked (Lau g ter ) ll , had ' h h . o nt t h e i asked w et er co king did kill bac lli , and ’ d evidently he d idnt mind eating them w hen dea . T o comfort the honorable member he might tell him cooking w ould kill anyth ing if y o u only cooked it b u t w as o t enough , this not always p ssible with join s of meat . Th e last honorable member had cast his (Mr ’ S r ad Forward ) ho oscope for him (Laughter . He h i a i io done t very delicately nd w th discriminat n . He stated he had only known of o ne Vegetarian previ o u sl en a n in an y, and he had tak to ste li g and _ died Wel] no t asylum . (Loud laughter . ) , he wou ld

S h b u t h ev m i h t peak for himself on eit er point , g refer T H E I 1 VEGETAR AN . 3 5

‘ to one who was an eininent fellow of that very co l Rev Wesl' e w h o a Ve etar ian l . ege , the John yf was _ g , and did not display either of the proclivities referred

—" o m e i s to . That meat eaters s t mes died in asylum i — . as , , perhaps , beside the po nt And , finally , he “ u t i in C nu m Wh m s deal w th that extraord ary o ndru , y

' was the only man w h o died o n the Nansen expedi

~H e w d id tion a Vegetarian ? (Mr . For ard) no t k now

the facts , but he admitted that such an event was a

smashing blow to his case . (Laughter . ) It was the o ne i f act i d id weak spot , th s that Vegetar ans die , s ometimes . (Laughter . ) Meat eaters might die — at hf m ra e as , in fact , they did all ages and innu e bl

' ‘ m a o ne w o u ld sa th eir d iet co pl ints , and no y that had m so to killed the , but if a Vegetarian was careless as O ff an m ni to fall o bus , people put it down his diet .

( Laughter . f r Mr . Forward thanked the Society o the hospita r h im V u ble eception they had given , - and ent red to think that h is promise that they would learn more of t h e subject by the end of the de b ate had been justi

' fi d h - e . t m em A division being taken , some t ir y two w bers voted , t elve voting for the resolution in favor i i a a o u of a Vegetar an d et , and twenty g inst the res l

tion . The result created considerable surprise , as it had scarcely been expected that the resolu tion wo u ld

meet with any support at all . T H E 1 3 6 VEGETARIAN .

T h e Pr o gr es s o f Veget ar ianis m .

’ WS R O S . D . LDFIELD VIE

f r I do not look o , any sudden progress , said O d u a h e Dr . l field, in reply to a q estion as to wh t thought o f the prospects of Vegetari anis m f o r th e 8 d y 1 . ear 9 9 I o expect , however , steady and con al tinu . progress Looking back to the past , and con tr as in re i th e t g it with the p sent , one real zes great change which has taken place i n the attitude of the i s i people towards Vegetarianism . Here an llustra O l tion . When I was at xford a Vegetarian was ooked i i d upon as a crank , Vegetar an sm as a fa , and when I went o u t to dine I had to apologize for being aVege i r . tarian , and for adopt ng such an extraordina y diet d Ve e Nowa ays , people apologize to me for not being g ar ians We i t . may consider it as a great tr umph ‘ flesh - a i u s that we have got e ters to apolo g ze to . O f course I am not alluding to the lower class t h e great bulk of H is some considerable way from — n adopting such an attitude , but of the more refi ed minds among us . These instinctively feel that we i are r ght . Therefore I feel sure that progress is i being stead ly made . “ I am no t at all keen on making people change d cou i their habits by some su den p . But change the r

e sentiments and yo u w -ill have w rought a lasting alter ’ a m s ation . Ch nge a an s entiment and you will change his practice forever ; change his habits with out affecting his sentiment and he is almost certain to go back sooner or later to the old cu sto m f We may congratulate ourselves on the fact that sentiment

8 T H E 1 3 VEGETARIAN .

‘ feel v r l N o w e y strongly about politica action . that l o the pub ic Opinion has been changed in our fav r , ‘ the time has certainly come w hen we ou ght to u se th er m ach iner y of the State to help forward o u r r e n . S form I look upon the tate as a cumbrous machi e , d f m th e t' a and one i ficult to ove ; still , it is bes we h ve W d o and it must be made use of . hat I feel is that we are appealing to humanity for its own good ; th ere fore we must u se the p o w er s o f the State for bring '

i h a - f We ng beneficial c nges about more e fectively . s b l hould have to egin in the usua way , and that is by writing to Parliamentary candidates and asking them — whe ther they are in favor o f Vegetarianism no t e and bu t necessarily Vegetarianism pur simple , of o f e u r some the phas s of o movement . “ O n e i nce we have Vegetarians , or men i ter sted n Ve etar I ani sm I n th e g the House , movement would

always be kept prominently before the public . O p r u ni ies u o c u rr I n p o t t for s ch mention are always c g. ’ f an i Karl Mann s Victory would have a forded open ng . The German War O ffice interviewed h im as to his “ O u r o w n War ffi u l at diet . o cials sho d pay similar

tention to such occurrences , and if we had members

in the House interested in Vegetarianism , they would be able to bring such matters to the attention of the “ h i proper aut or ties . “ We P i ought , too , to have a arl amentary Com m it tee h u , whic wo ld keep itself posted on all questions . ff c a e ting the movement . Matters are always arising i f T h e wh ch deeply a fect us . question of private ver su s i w i n n publ c slaughterhouses ill , the ear future, r th e o re r e come befo e House , and we ught to be p

sented . Tinned meat troubles , too , are always aris THE VEGETARIAN . 1 3 9 i if ve e ng. How much we should gain we had a g a I n th e o t rian Member H use to point the moral , I h t need ardly men ion . “ In yet another di rect- ion w e ought to be rep r e ‘ ' sented in P i n We arl ame t . are tending to materialize o f and o u t instead spiritualize India , I would point that we have already a great deal o f trouble and dis ‘ affection there ; so much so th at w e shall have to be t pret y careful how we proceed . You remember that th e Indian mutiny arose through the presence of an I n cai tr I d e O imal fat the g cases . ther troubles are to t W always likely to arise , and we should see it tha e h ave in the Legislature men who are qualified to give n ed i o i nI O nS o n e lighten , humanitar an p such ques f lons . Le t me no w g1veyou another interesting token o f W m g . y pro ress hen I first began to eat _ dinners at ’ i menu L ncoln s Inn , the was not one which was likely to o i w a ppeal t a Vegetar an . Ther e ould be a meat b i tw o soup , a g joint or , potatoes which had been m and u cooked underneath the eat , pastry or p dding which - had been made with animal substances . The consequence w as th at I usually had to - make my m eal of bread and any potatoes I could secure which had not been baked beneath the meat ; The butler e be me us d to quite concerned for , and he would per

' h aps b r ing m e along a bit of tro ut o r a piece o f sal

‘ ’ 111011 Y o u ? , and say , eat these don t you W w ell yes , those dinners were certainly some hat ' th e w o u ld ou t exp ensive . I believe y work at some t - i s i hing like e ght hillings ap ece ” But the end of it , w as w r that I ote letters here , interviewed there , and , th h finally , got eaut orities to consent to an arrange 1 0 HE I N 4 T VEGETAR A .

' m n w h o n th e iv m d u e no tice o ne e t by ich , g g of , et m it t i could g so e add ional Vege ar an fare provided . So u law t wh o , now , those of the many Hind studen s are still Vegetarians can always get something w hich

they can eat . “ Ve etat ian no w But g fare is easilyprocurable , a a O n i i d ys , on all sides . accepting inv tations to publ c ' o nl to am Ve e dinners , I have y mention that I a g r f o r w as ta ian to have decent food provided me . I to o o always able to get a meal , , on giving n tice , in n R w the dini g cars of the Great Northern ail ay . And in any good hotel one can always get a Vege E ’ et tarian dinner . ven in Lockhart s you could g a

square meal . So o f Ve etar i I put it to you , that the progress g anism is no w so assured that people m ake a seri ous no w study of it . It is no longer looked upon as a i fad , but as a force which has to be reckoned w th —m e lu r m u and u e V e L a . and provided for . g ,

Wh er e t h e C o co anu t is K ing.

e a To people lik ourselves , ccustomed to look upon avaried diet as absol u tely necessary for the mam tenance of the health and strength of our minds and it a i ar e bodies , seems sc rcely cred table that there

‘ over people on one single island who “ ' ' live and move and have th eir being o n what We “ are in th e habit of stigm atiz m g as : that most u n ’ e co co anu tfi wholesom fruit , E an In ngland , the cocoanut is scarcely ever seen y where , except in the hands of schoolboys , or those other recklessly obliviou s of dyspepsia persons w h o

1 2 E R 4 THE VEG TA IAN .

‘ th e fib r e o ff ‘ ' n t s e whilst it is co verted In o mattre s s , s cushions , ropes , cables , cordage , canvas , fishing net ,

[ a o il fuel , floor mats , brushes and oakum . The p lm u u e s pplies their lamps , and is t rned into soap , candl s , i pomatum , and an embrocat on to cure rheumatism ; e o the refuse aft r the extracti n of the oil , being turned i t n o oil cake for feeding cattle and poultry . The “ bunch of green leaves on the top , called the cab v bage , is eaten boiled as a vegetable , preser ed in

’ i er i n S suga as a sweetmeat , steeped piced vinegar m as a pickle, in which form it frequently acco panies the bowl o f rice relished hugely by the Cingalese gou r met; th egreen husk is frequently used in the sam emann r i h i an e . s Indeed , as a rel s , it not by y i means to be desp sed . The fruit itself 1s most frequently eaten r aw with s o r th e i ne alt , dipped into raw ju ce of the sugar ca I n i and but it is also cooked var ous ways , grated into ” r T h e curry or over plain boiled ice . milk is a v n k fa orite drink , but whe ta en from a ripe , freshly -nu t it m t ver ff gathered cocoa is , I us admit , a y di er thing to that same liquid after it has been churned — I n e by a sea voyage and many j o urneyings . C ylon i t a i th e m o st forms delicious refresh ng draught of _

' “ i a d no t k ind o f u r del cate flavor , n unappetizing b tte is A e o f produced by churning it with salt . sp cies a m m m sugar c ndy , so ewhat like the candy ade fro

' s is r od u ced i i maple ugar in America , x p by bo l ng the “ sap of the jaggery palm either with or without S i and fan p ces , this (shaped into elephants and other tastic r u . fo ms) is a great feat re fete days Arrack , i o f m th e the favorite dr nk , a kind rum , is distilled fro c l e s sap of the co oa palm , as wel as an inferior sp cie 1 THE V EGETARIAN . 43 of todd y ; by the aid of fermentation the same sap i s V also turned into inegar , and by another process into sugar . Lotus flowers grow profusely on every d l alSo d pon , and lily bu bs raw , stewe in palm sugar l o il o r . pa m , are largely consumed at certain seasons The nut in its infancy does duty as a r em ed y for i various a lments , and the shells finely ground are f o r used similar purposes ; consequently , the cocoa palm may truly be said to supply th e natives o f Cey d e and lon with food , rink , medicin , shelter , clothes , h everyt ing else they require . S eeing thus its value as a food , it is not rather a pity that Vegetarians and Fruitarians do no t mak e

o f o f ? G w e more use the cocoanut rated raw , it is a el come addition to m any fruit salads ; mixed with e t and S o n cr am , seasoned wi h salt or sugar , pread n brown bread or plain biscuits , it is very appetizi g ; “ ” used inthe form o f dessicated cocoanut (which may u be bo ght from any grocer) , it makes a variety of delicious puddings , boiled or baked , and in t hese n r forms it is not i digestible , as I can testify f om per sonal experience .

’ W S P T -A u JOHN E LEY s OTA O DIET . st dent of the works of John Wesley has recalled t h e fact t hat the founder o f Methodism was not only a pioneer of the tem ei ance p movement , but also a Vegetarian . In m W one of his ser ons , esley states that for several b o n years he su sisted potatoes , and found that doing so conduced largely to prom ote that splendid health w hich he enjoyed . 7 44 T H E V E GETA RI AN

T H E E GE R N SO E N E W O RK V TA IA CI TY , Y

‘ E T E F R 1 8 8 XECUTIVE C OMMI TE O 9 .

‘ G " S . C HARLE A . MONT OMERY A R ' T HUR HAVILAND .

P ce d e th e. ew k Mrs . la invite the memb rs of N Yor etaI ian S and t s h e ociety heir friend to meet at r. n D eBu ild l n o n d M t studio i the Van yk g, Tues ay , a ch 2 8 u th e l , and altho gh weather was very unfavorab e , V h d a, h m ery pleasant company gat ere , of w o six w ere w m B o n Vegetarians , one of hom came fro rok , s f n w Mas , for the purpose o meeti g ith us for the h a G . W. Sm 1t of . z 1 0 0 first time Mr . , org ni er the ” C b S ok Of the b th e u be th e Year lu , p e o j ect of cl b ing o f li n accumulation facts bearing upon right vi g. ’ Rh einh o l r e r e Dr . d s new Hygienic College was p W R sented by its first student and a teacher . Dr . . . r C . Latson , M . entertained and inst ucted the company by his View S Of th e th e 01 o f bodily d esires by th p ro description of his limited dietary t it H is excellen physical cond ion . e Six a i n is in averages meals week , eat ng o ly when h tellect s u ggests that h is body r equ ir The even ing was SO pleasantly passed ’ n i I I pa y did not break up t ll o clock .

A. L. HAVI AND .

1 6 4 THE VEGETARIAN .

a' I propose , therefore , to state the grounds for o f fish - thorough condemnation of the practice eating . : They are Firstly , because it is cruel , and fosters S i o f e the p rit cruelty ; secondly , that it is the dir ct ‘ o f a cause very large sacrifice of human life ; thirdly , that for all time it has been asource o f the foulest d diseases , and still causes these iseases in this and n o ther cou tries . There was recently a paragraph in a paper about Sir Herbert Maxwell as o ne who does - not believe h o t t at hooking a fish is great cruelty . He once g a hook fixed in his lip .and too k i t o u t himself without “ : experiencing any great pain . But he added I am free to admit that if there was a fellow pulling at the ” S other end it might have been disagreeable . ports men are very impatient of sentiment as an inter f er b u t ence with their pleasures , as cruelty is unjust , h W and s ould be hateful to a nature orthy of respect , to o f and leads tyrannies the worst kind , we are So bound to condemn such sport in its entirety , when we see a fish brought to land , and observe its u str ggles extending often for hours , in consequence i of the drying up of the fine fringes of the g lls , or from the exhaustion of the air from the water in i it wh ch is placed , we pity its condition and long to i W thro w it back to ts native element . hen we go h i furt er and learn =the cruelt es practised upon fish , as r i s i Ve etar ian desc bed by Mr . j o eph Coll nson in the g ann fish of March 4 , we c ot dissociate the eater from these cruelties any more than w e can absolve th e meat eater from responsibility for the horrors of the S n t e b cattle ship. uch torture as hangi g h tur ot by the tail till the soft parts are cut to the bone ; starving N 1 THE VEGETARIA . 4 7

co d fish f o r weeks , crammed tightly in a fish chest ; i cr mping , that is , gashing the fish in a living state wi th a knife ; the skinning and chopping o f live eels ; cutting out the liver of the d o g fish and throwing the p o o r ~ cr eat u r e back into the water to die in lingering agony ; the diabolical apparatus for killing the por poise in revenge f o r its follo w ing its instinct in con su m ing sardines and herrings ; the fearful cr u elty o f h e boiling alive lobsters and crabs , are but some of t th e o f fish - methods employed to tempt appetite eaters . We talk about responsibility for th e degradation o f b t the butcher , what about those who , with deli era e ? purpose , do this fiendish work I s o f o f h Next . It the cause a great sacrifice uman lives : Wha ’ll buy my Caller herrin ’ ? O ye may ca ’ them vulgar farin ’ Wives and mithers maist d esp ar i n ’ Ca them lives of men . The story of the loss of the lives of fishers all ri et o round the coast , the ter ble hardships they hav to o to r endure , would be long tell here . But eve y shore is lined with the cottages of wido w s and o r f phans whose lives are blighted by this tra fic . In a parliamentary paper prepared in 1 8 8 4 by B f th e f G C . . o o Thomas ray, , Board Trade , the writer Sho w s the total losses of fi shing vessels for the seven i 1 8 8 — a years end ng j une , 3 , collisions excluded most l important omission , as the osses by collision dur w w ing sno and fog are very severe indeed . They ere , 6 0 l from 5 vesse s , lives . These figures refer to years when the fishing ind u stry was not nearly so T o extensive as it has since become . these must be 1 8 , T H E 4 VEGETARIAN . added th el ar ge number sent home invalided by acc i n i e i de ts and llness , caus d by the terrible hardsh p s “ h to n — I n they ave undergo . I quote one se tence

' s o i c the bitter winter , with sleety gale bl wing , y waves o s dashing ab ard and drenching the men , or heavy sea ’ ‘ ’ th r ea enin and r s a ecu t g often taking thei live , it is p i f liar ly hard and perilous calling . Loss of li eor limb a th e frequently , loss of ease and comfort alw ys , is

“ lot year in and year out of the t w elve thousand E ng~ lish men and boys who do this work . -I no w t o o ne come the third indictment , and it is that may reach even those who are not : touched by P e i n sentiment . erhaps the most terribl disease the i s r an s it world lep osy . It is indi putable fact that is endemic among people who d w ell on the sea coast o f i w h o and the estuaries r vers , and live mainly on e 1 0 0 0 0 i n fish . Th re are in Japan , 5 lepers , India 1 0 0 0 00 1 8 0 0 0 i S , , in Columbia , , n pain in Nor way They ar e Very numerous in Iceland ea O Black S , Caspian , the seas of the Indian cean , — and th e E asternPacifi c especial ly in the H aw aiiaii s E n I lands . This disease existed in gland before the d b u t w as i Of Crusa es , much ncreased by the return P i 1 2 0 d . the Cru sa ers Matthew ar s , who lived in 5 , state s that there were ninety - fiveleper ho spital o f the

" fir st E le ei s cia class in ngland . The p wore a spe l m i ive costu e , and carr ed a wooden clapper to g warn ah w i a ing of their appro c Dr Ne man , in a pr ze ess y o nleprosy after a terrible description of the filthy c o ndition Of th e tv ns of E urope in the fourteenth

century , says . The c u ltivation of Vegetables was not understood u or taken up u ntil th e sixteenth cent ry . During

0 V G A N 1 5 THE E ET RIA .

t i nS i n 1 1 last leper in the Bri ish Isles died cotland 7 4 . It will be replied that inasmuch as the better habits of the people and the free use of vegetables have put end E it an to leprosy in ngland , does not now it ffi t a concern us . But is also a rmed hat skin dise ses e of th e C u n is and the d gradation onstit tio , which evinced by tuberculosis and scrofulous co nditions areth e same or sim ilar disease i na less virulent form “ w as me to Dr . Hutchinson says , There a ti prior ’ the Hansen s discovery o f the bacillus i nwhich I was ’ s t inclined to call lepro y, fish eater s gou , but now I ’ - s it - fish o r er hould prefer to name eater s lupus , , p ’ fish haps better, eater s tuberculosis . It is well ‘ knownthat tuberc u lous afiectio ns of the lungs are a o f s o h as common cause death in leper . And K ch “ declared that The two . diseases tuberculosis and lep ’ r l p osy resemb e each other etiologically . And what else can be expected ? Fish are the cavan ers P not— s g of the sea . eople do except in the

a m a a o n and c se of the pig eat nimals th t live flesh ,

' yet very few fish live on anythingexcep t w h at is cor nd P o d no t n rupt a on other fish . urity of f o is k own h eat w h e to , t ose who animals classed ith t carrion and crow , the vulture , the pariah dog .

A Veget ar ian C ent enar ian.

e Re l i v G . A pr vate messag to . C . Calvin Ang e , of e r d E D i c M o . . s . thi c ty announ s that G dard D iamond , aged 1 0 3 years has started fro m h is h ome in San

c M r . a C al N ew . Fr ncisco , . to walk to York ity Diamond is regarded as the best preserved and most

active m an for h is age in th e United States . H E N I T VEGETARIA . 5

inP 1 1 6 h is He was born lymouth , Mass , May , 7 9 , h 0 father living until he reached t e age of 1 6 years . He seeks to make a record of h avm g taken a bath in b th e P fi O oth Atlantic and the aci c cean , walking the r e distance between them , afte he is a c ntury old . He states in a letter to M r A ngle that he has observed w three rules to prolong life : nd d First , Breathing long a eep draughts of fresh S S f o r est air, econd , electing diet the best bone and Usin u r eWa blood making food . Third , gp ter at the i proper t me and temperature . n b u t i r u Ve He eats nothi g gra ns , f uits , n ts and ge l b l a . t bles , and drinks on y oi ed or distilled water He

' u - and h as never ind lged in a cigar , cigarette or pipe , never taken a chew of tobacco of any kind . E il very night he takes a sponge bath of olive o .

‘ ’ H e says he is w alking t w enty miles every day . Fifty h e years ago began to prepare for a long life , and e adopted this planafter reading th description in. the Bi ble of the Jews anointing one of t heir num ber with e i m il t h . o in order tha might l ve any years Mr . f o r th e Diamond says that what was good, Jews should e b good for him .

Fine f o r B ir d s o n B o nnet s .

T h e Arkansas Legislature passed a game law to day containing the following section : Any person w h o Shall have in poss ession or who shall sell or expose f o r sale any feathers or skins or i parts of birds for use nmillinery or similar purposes , i St or shall k ll for such purposes any birds in this ate , 1 2 5 THE VEGETARIAN . shall be deem ed guilty o f a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not less than $ 2 5 nor more 0 e than 5 for ach bird , skin or part of skin or parcel of feathers so sold o r offered for sale o r killed fo r e that p urpos .

T h e Lo gic o f Veget ar ianis m .

BY H S. S ENRY ALT . Bible and Beer is the title that is sometimes

“ sarcastically applied to the political alliance between churchmen and publicans ; and in like manner the dietetic alliance between the “ unco gu id and th e butchers may be no t inaptly designated as Bibleand W h Beef . hen all else fails , the aut ority of Holy Writ is triumphantly cited b y the bibliolatrous flesh eater as the great court of appeal to which the food u a question m st be c rried ; and here at least , it is i “ pleaded , there can be no doubt as to the verd ct . It

W P . seems to me , wrote Dr . illiam aley , more than a a his M or al and Polit ical P/i i hundred ye rs ago , in loso /c be ffi p y , that it would _ di cult to defend this right [to the flesh of ani mals] b y any arguments which the o f f o b e light and order Nature a f rd , and that we are holden for it to the permission recorded in Scripture . 1 8 It i s . a far cry from the theologian of 7 4 to the M eat Tr ades ou r nal o f y to day , but from an editor 1 1 8 2 ial article (November 9 , 9 ) we learn that the organ of the Butchering Trade is animated by the

o f .

same profound sense piety The , great Creator o f of all flesh , it says , gave us the beasts the field ,

1 5 4 T H E VEGETARIAN ;

i s S h The right line to how , first , that it is w olly impossible , in the face of modern knowledge and “ i n to th eo l evolut o al science , maintain d anthropo ” centric idea which regarded man as th e sum and m center of the universe , a onarch for whose special all benefit else was created ; and secondly, that the h e ancient Hebrew scriptures , w atever be their xact significance for Christian readers (a matter with which we are not here concerned) , cannot be regarded as affording any clue to the solution of modern problems which have arisen centuries later . It would be no whit more absurd to argue that negro slavery is justi fiab le because it was not condemned inth eBible than to claim scriptural sanction for the cru elties o f butch flesh - ery because the Jews were eaters . And , indeed , such arguments li ar/e been advanced by religious w people in support of slavery ; eread , for example , ’ the following in John Woolman s journal : A Friend in com pany began to talk in support of the slave b e trade , and said the negros were understood to the o f offspring Cain , their blackness being the mark which Go d set upon him after he murdered Abel ; that it w as th e n P i desig of rov dence they should be slaves , as a condition proper to the race of so wicked a man as Cain was; But it is no w time to introduce the Textualist in person : T E xTU A LI ST : W e ad ell , sir , I und rstand that you i W i vocate Vegetarian sm . hat sort of a rel gion is that ? ‘ VEGETARIAN : What sort ? The r eal so r t ; the Sort r acti ed d that has to be p s as well as preache . E A 1 THE V GET RIAN . 5 5

U S : TEXT ALI T If it is the real sort , the proof is easy S i n how me passages the Book . no t VEGETARIAN : I beg to be excused . I do bandy

texts . TEXTUA L IST : What ? Y o u can produce no Verses in support of y0ur religion ? I thought Vegetarians r e “ o n lied what they call Ten Best Texts , and here I stand ready to meet them with five-and - twenty bet

ter ones . to o u I VEGETARIAN I am sorry disappoint y , but o ne - I am not of the text qu oting Vegetarians . regard all such methods of reasoning as wholly irrelevant . There is not the least doubt that the Jews - were a flesh - o f Ve e eating people ; indeed , the very idea g tarianism a (that is , deliberate and permanent disuse

" - fo r of flesh food moral and Hygienic reasons) , was W wholly unknown to them . hat , then , can be the u - d o o ne use of hunting p bible texts which not refer , Wa to th e ? y or the other , . point at issue TEX T UALI ST- z But if it was unknown and u nmen tio ned the b W V i i s ? in Bi le , hat hope for egetar an m It l all perishes ike else that is unscriptural . ' Vicc E T A RI A N z The same hope as for the abolition o r a h ad of slavery , any other humane c use that has i n We birth our modern era . live and learn . ' “ S : R e P l TEXTUALI T But it is written , is , eter , ki l W i s and eat . hat your answer to that ? A : o u VEGETARI N It needs no answer , as y will see

if you study the context . ‘ TEXT U ALIST : Then you have not a Si ngle text to set against the injunction wit h which I confront you ? : N o t — no t VEGETARIAN one unless it be , Answer a fool according to his folly . I T H E T 5 6 VEGE ARIAN .

' To repel texts with texts is a futility to which vege tarians as a body h ave fortunately no t committed themselves , because Vegetarianism appeals , without m reference to religion , to the com on sentiment of u humaneness , and n mbers amongst its adherents men and of every nationality creed . If biblical Vegetar ians have engaged in controversy with biblical flesh i eaters , that is the r own concern ; and we may rest assu r ed th at the battle will be a bloodless one , as the

firing is with blank cartridge on both sides . i Apart , however , f om such irrational argument , there is a sense in which an appeal may be fairly made to the Bible , as to any other great ethnical w 01 ld scripture or literature , that is , to the spirit , as th e distinguished from the letter , context as distin i h u s ed . g from the text That Vegetarians , preach ing and practising a doctrine of love and humane “ iVen o u ness , should quote , Behold I have g y every herb bearing seed to you i t shall be fo r th e d i i meat , as indicating i eal pr m tive diet , and “ They shall not hurt nor destroy i n all my holy mountain , as prophetic of the ideal future , is just u and appropriate , for such passages , tho gh dealing e v with poetry rather than fact , are far more sugg sti e than any textual evidence ; and when we come to ask what is the Spirit of the New Testament towards such instincts as th at from which Vegetari ani sm — Springs the desire to increase the happiness and les — sen the suff ering o f all sentient life it is plain that here , at least , the Vegetarian is on unassailable ground. But the answer to the biblical flesh - eate r lies still neai i d t h e m m is e at han . For o ent any attempt

1 8 5 THE VEGETARIAN .

Wh y do they denounce pleasure as effeminate ind u l all ? S gence , and make so much fuss about it urely if w h th e it had been more logical , ile banishing from w - t table s eet meats and perfumes , hey had exhibited yet more indignation against the diet of blood ! For as though all their philosophy merely regarded house in hold accounts , they are simply interested cutting as u down dinner expenses , so far concerns the s per T f flu o u s dainties of the table . hey have no idea o a in 1S P d ep i ec t g what murderous and cruel . ( lutarch nFles/i E atin i n Tne [f t/t ics o Diet O . g, quoted f And so is it nowadays with the champions of Bible

and Beef, for like all formalists , they sacrifice the to W substance of religion the shadow , and hile forever quoting the sacred names of justice and loving - kind

ness , not only oppose those principles , when in con h o w n fliet with t eir appetites , but actually base their “ opposition on the authority of their scripture . It would be impossible to do the Bib leadeadlier wrong “ ” o r than this ; for whether it be inspired not , it is a by universal consent great literary monument , and those who profess to reverence it most should be the last to wish to utilize it as a handbook for reactionists a store from which to draw irrelevant quotations fo r

- Tae Ve etar ia obstructing the progress of reform . g n,

London . 1 THE VEGETARIAN . 5 9

’ Lad ies Page.

t A Wor d o N on Vegetar zanM ot/t er s .

It seems to me to be taking a mean and cruel ad o f o f vantage the youth and innocence children , to to put before them , and train them eat , certain arti o f W cles , , the nature and origin hich you keep them in ignorance , and would shrink from instructing them in . You might go to a fruit and flower show and admire the beauteous display , and would not mind taking the children with yo u ; o r you might take to them see men and horses ploughing the fields , and sowing the wheat , and reaping the harvest , and threshing the corn ; and th en to the windmill on the o r th e m to hill , water ill by the stream , see the corn being ground into flour ; then you might take them to the b akehouse to see the flour being made into to bread ; in fact , you would have no objection tak ing them to see the whole of the Operations from first f o r to last , necessary the production of bread , and so giving them a delightful and interesting object les an o f d son respecting important article their foo . h Nor would you mind taking them to an orc ard , or a kitchen garden , and showing them the various oper atio ns o f i digging , planting , water ng , pruning and gathering ; neither would you mind taking them t o see cows being milked , and milk being churned , and butter being made ; but would you take your chil h th e dren and follow the lambs , and the s eep , and oxen int o th e slaughter - ho use to see their throats i being cut , or the r skulls being smashed , and their warm and quivering bodies being skinned and cut 1 6 0 THE VEGETARIAN .

to j up , in order produce chops and steaks , and oints and cutlets ? ’ Slaughter - h ouses and bu tchers Shops are a g reat a r e outr ge and insult to Truth and Beauty , and all fine ent and in m , and are false ugly the extreme s cau e no f o r _fal e , be s there is necessity them ; ugly , e ar e b r u tal ' filth becaus they , y and debasing . In t s t bread , fru i , cereal , vegetables , milk and bu ter , we have; a complet e and perfect dietary for both young — a W and and old diet pure and holesome , nourishing - o e health giving, and n in regard to which you would have no objection to answering child ren ’s questions

“ as to how all those t hings were procured and pre f r er pared o th i food . But supposing they wanted to

“ w a w as know what beef s, and what mutton , and n a and o what baco w s, how ch ps , and steaks , and o u ? rashers were procured , how would y answer them P e e robably in som evasiv way , telling them not to

' t : hink of such things , or not to ask questions about Y o u W n them . ould shri k from taking them to the ‘ slaughter - hou se to See th e ghastly work that goes

. n e o ther . And yet you give them the products of eat as that work to food . Is it right , is it just , to su ch u estio ns to . evade q_ , deceive children , and keep them in ignorance as to the origin o f the things you iv e th em ? g to eat Think over this , and ask your selves why it is you would n0t like to Show them “ these things ; and I would suggest that while you r r- give them the p oducts of the slaughte house to eat , ' o u r d u t i it is y y, as ther natural instructress , to teach w i d them hence and how , these th ngs are obtaine

W. M A L L M N _ A . C O SO .

LM P 7 3 - L T N 10s. HO ES R 7 9 FU T O N 8 . . Y. , ,

1 6 2 THE VEGETARIAN .

oyster , that most people consider so savory , is noth in ’ I g but the oyster s liver . used to wonder w h y I s s did not like oy ter . I suppose it was because I did lik e th e a e not taste of bile . The oyster is the sc v n ger of the sea ; he li ves upon the decomposing fish v e m and egetabl s found at the botto of the sea , and , i h is of course , he needs a very large l ver to cleanse system from the deleterious properties of such food O ysters are very abundant around the h arbors o f large cities , where they can live on the refuse matter o f i sea the sewers emptying nto the . At a certain i E it po nt on the uropean coast , was ob served that at certain seasons of the year the oysters obtained in o that vicinity made pe ple sick . The oysters might be eaten at other times of th e year without any ap parent harm ; but at a certain season they seemed to i T be po sonous to whoever ate them . here was con sid er ab le S peculation as to the cause , and by a little investigation it was found that at a certain time of the year the sewerage w as carried a little farther down the coast than u sual ; and o u t to the oyster ' n . th e a beds Co sequently , livers of the oysters bec me n w h o very bad , and poiso ed the people swallowed h t em . In some parts of France ther e is grown a o f er co nsid very peculiar sort green oyst , which is i S ered a great delicacy by ep cures . ome years ago , — as cu r iou o u t w . s a naturalist who . to find whether they S m i were a new pecies of oyster , ade an invest gation , and discovered that they were Simply common O YS n e to 1 ters that had bee subject d a peculiar process . They were placed in large tanks which were allowed to stand until the water became stagnant and coy

w as b . ered with a green scum , and it y becoming per N 1 6 THE VEGETARIA . 3 meated w ith th is green matter that they acquired r thei peculiar color . No wonder the oysters were d tender and delicate and highly flavore . Doubtless they had very bad livers . In many of the lo w er classes of animals the liver is present when the other excretory organs are absent . ' In th e clam the liver is arranged around the stom ach so as completely to envelop it . In other animals we

' find the kidneys and liver combined ; and this is a most interesting fact ; f o r yo u will remem ber my tell ing you that the liver prepares the excretory matter f o r d the kidneys . The liver converts the uric aci into urea, and the kidneys take up this urea and W eliminate it from the body . hen these two organs are combined , the work of the liver becomes very and O ne o b intricate complicated . thing generally

' ser vab le in the lower forms o f life is that a single a ff org n will do a great many di erent kinds of work . e o u In the amo ba , for instance , y can find neither an ears , eyes , brain , stomach , nor y of the organs of man , and yet this creature is capable of performing s the functions of all these organ . It can make any n m o r fin portio of its envelope into a outh , nose , or ger ; it can jut out legs behind or in front . It has a and a very complicated function to perform , yet , p ar n l p e t y it is perfectly structureless . h i n l As we rise hig er the scale of anima life , the work becomes more and more su b divided among the f i n m an i ts di ferent organs , until each organ has own d a In of o c n . work to , and do no other the case the ffi h “ liver , however , we find an a nity to t ese lower forms ; for , as you will remember , the liver has sev f eral di ferent kinds o f work to do . 1 6 N 4 THE VEGETARIA .

This morni ng I wish to talk particularly about the o f relation meat as an article of diet to the liver . W hen a man has a torpid liver, we tell him that he no t must eat much meat . The reason for this is that excessive meat- eating produces torpidity of the

. st liver The proper business of the liver , or at lea o f nto one of its lines work , is to convert uric acid i u urea . Some of yo may not understand chemical

to . terms , and so that does not mean anything you W I will try to explain . henever a muscle contracts , ff o u t o . some of its particles are worn and , carried These particles of dead mu scle must be converted into some other form before they canbe carried out th e a o f of system . After undergoing variety ar e . changes , they finally converted into uric acid This is the reddish brick - dust deposit that is some times observed in the urine . If it is allowed to . re

main in the circulation , it makes a great disturbance u in passing thro gh the body , and it is the business of the liver to change it into a different sort of a sub

stance known as urea , which makes less disturbance ! o ff in the system , and is quickly carried by the kid neys . If a piece of beef - steak is exami ned under the mi cr o sco e co m p , it will be found to be almost entirely

posed of muscular fibres . This dead muscle must be converted into uric acid just like th e dead muscle d and r of the human bo y, this uric acid must in - tu n be converted into urea before it can be gotten out Of W as - o r the system . hat goes in beef steak chicken d o u t . or fish , must come as urea This process oes A . o not , however , always take place at once pers n can utilize only about th ree o u nces of nitrogenous

1 6 6 THE VEGETARIAN .

Did it ever occur to you that when a person is alive the process Of disintegration and decay is much more rapid than after death ? If an animal is left o n d eco m dead the ground , in a very short time it n poses and returns to earth agai , and yet this change is much more rapid in life . Just think how much a person has to eat in the course of a year to supply

- the waste of the body . If he eats one and one half pounds of food in a day , he will eat over five hundred pounds in a year - an amount equal t o perhaps four o f times the weight the body . If you take a live animal and remove its kidneys , it will die in a very S hort time through the accumulation of urea . If you take out its liver , it will die through the accumula o f W tion the biliary elements in the circulation . hen a man falls into the water , he dies , not from a lack o of oxygen , but from pois ning by carbonic acid gas . I have mentioned these facts for the purpose of h o w e showing you rapidly th se elements , accumulate in the body , and how poisonous they are . I will l give o ne more i lustration . Let any one hold his breath for a minute , and notice how blue his face i is no t will become . Th s wholly because the blood l n u th e accumulates the face , but beca se arterial blood has become blue through the accumulation of

carbonic acid gas .

- Now , as I remarked before , this tissue change goes on evenafter the ani mal is dead ; and b y the production of uric acid through the destruction of l muscular tissue , the blood becomes fi led with poi

so no u s elements . The venous blood left in the dead W body of an animal is exceedingly impure , and hat T H E VEGETARIAN . arterial blood is left in the arteries is forced on into d the tissues , and thus becomes venous bloo . If a piece o f beef - steak is thoroughly washed in b h w t o r water , it will ecome almost white . T is hi e p h tion, is about the only nouris ment that is contained

in the beef , though it is not very palatable . The part that has been washed away is almost wholly

stimulating . The beef extracts sold in the stores are ’ u rea h Lieb i s E x; almost pure . You ave heard of g o f s tract Beef , which is suppo ed to compress into one pound of extract the nutritious elements of forty no t pounds of beef . The fact is that it does contain o f ten grains nourishing material to the pound . Lie ’ big s E xtrac t is made up of those elements w hich the o ff al kidneys carry as poisonous , and this is true of I t o f th e most all the other extracts . is the business liver to remove these poisonous elements ; and the man who persists in eating a large quantity o f meat ff o f while su ering from torpidity the liver , is like a farmer who hires men to clear the stones from his s o w n field , and then spends all his time throwing m w h o them back again . A far er pursued that o r so w course , who would weeds in his field after he o u t had been to great expense to have them rooted , would be rightly considered a fit candidate for the lunatic asylum ; b u t this is exactly what a man with a sluggish liver is doing when he eats an excess of W to meat . hile the liver is trying get out the poi so no u s . substances , he is all the time putting them in The question may be asked whether it w ould no t be better if the use o f meat w ere not avoided alto gether . I confess I believe it would have been bet ter f o r the whole human family if they had never 1 6 8 THE VEGETARIAN .

an w f o r eaten y meat at all . It ould be better the human family in the future if o u r children should bu and a never eat anything t fruits gr ins . It would

m ad e. be eas1er for people t o be good if they could b e. m l to adopt an unsti u ating diet , A man who is the d a h owner of a very fine dog told me , the other y, t at d o he had noticed that when he fed his g on meat , _ he u was gly and savage , and when he fed him on bread si and milk , he was mild and gentle , and much ea er n to get alo g with . You will remember that there was a man here a Short time ago exhibiting trained

dogs . A gentleman asked him on what he fed his and dogs , he said he never gave them anything but

bread and milk . Hehad noticed that when he fed o ff them on meat , they were very likely to die as m n soon as he had the thoroughly trai ed . They could not stand the strain o f their profession o n a

meat diet . Besides , he had found that they were much more tractable and easily trained when fed and upon a hygienic diet , were less quarrelsome

among themselves .

The same thing i s true of human beings . Mem bers of the human family who live almost exclusively

upon beef , are nearly as quarrelsome and savage as n - animals . The a imals that are long lived and quiet

in their dispositions are Vegetarians . The North American Indians are a good instance of a people

who are carni vorous in their habits . They are the

- most short lived of all people . The races who are driving them o u t were originally almost strictly Veg etar ian s . The beneficial effects of a Vegetar ian diet have i E also been shown by exper ment . In ngland , a

1 0 7 THE VEGETARIAN .

’ T h e Sco p e o f t h e Veget ar ian A r gu m ent .

BV ALFRED RUSSELL .

I s m It a truis that every cause has its fanatics , and many o f the adherents of diff erent causes are willing to believe that fanaticism is not dangerous So long as it errs in favor o f the cause with which it is id enti fied A S n t o f . a ins ance of this , take the question M rt th e temperance . any have roundly as se ed that settlement o f the temperance question would involve o f S the settlement of the question poverty , in pite of the fact that I n countri es where the people are tem l t perate , if not abso utely teeto alers , poverty is ram

pant : India for example . They also forget that poverty may result from lo w wages o r want of em r ployment , and that temperate and teetotal worke s, h e u f t . as well as others , are amongst s ferers This overstraining of facts arises f rom inadequate kno w l edge outside of the question discussed (the result and S often of undue concentration pecialization) , or w n I n from undue bias , not ithstandi g knowledge ,

o f . S favor that question uch reasoning , moreover , ee n becomes plausible because of its s mi g truth , when i c u applied w thin a limited area , and be a se of such great Significance as it really possesses when applied a i i i to gener l life . But let us not m n m ze the harm

i i f o o - done by cla m ng much . At the least , progress

' o th er d irectio ns is e i cir c u in retard d , false V ews are n w o f lated , ma y who ould be service , are estranged , where co - operatio n might b e possible there is great r d i u waste of energy in ang y s p tes , many seekers n h d d after tru th are confused whe t ey shoul be helpe , T E R 1 1 H VEGETA IAN . 7

’ the harmony and meaning of the whole 13 sacrificed

- by over insistence on the part . r W Vegetarians a e not free from such errors . ere the principles of Vegetarianism put int o p ractice by e a majority of the community , many vils , such as u poverty on account of economic stress and str ggle , competition in , and monopoly of , the means of life , t t . s would be almos untouched _ No doub Vegetarian m are hu anitarian in their sympathies , and whatever appeals to the humane person is most likely to appeal

to . 0 them They are , therefore , by their training , p S s posed to cruelty in all hape and forms . But , in

some cases at least , they are apt to forget that dif f erent types of cruelty are born from d ifferent u en . v so rces It is wise to admit limitations . O er th u siasm , unguided by discrimination , may retard f W progress as well as indi ference . ithin the camp V to n of egetarianism itself , there is apt be divisio as to which is the best door by which new comers to

the Vegetarian way of living are to be admitted . O ne o f i person is of a reflective , ethical cast m nd and

nature , and thinks the whole meaning of Vegetarian s u Si nificance ism i summed p in its ethical g . Another h s n a hard physical work , and becomes a Vegetaria o f i as in order to test the worth the Vegetarian d et ,

i . . a subst tute for flesh , in sustaining the body Find i n g the result beneficial , he lays stress on the physi t s cal aspect of the ma ter , because that appeal to him

most . He realizes that it will appeal most to others who are Strongly orthodox in their ideas of the value o f n flesh food , which ideas will not be readily shake , and So u nco n die hard . he tries to educate the o f S verted to his way thinking . till another is moved 1 7 2 THE VEGETARIAN .

th e u - by the cruelties of sla ghter house , and preaches — Vegetarianism o n hum anitarian grounds ch iefly for the sake of the poor creatures who suffer and the men who are engaged in the work . By degrees many of those belonging to one or other of these three classes of Vegetarians come to think (often with out knowing it) that the door held open by them o so is the only one worth pening , and they are handi in n and capped deali g with enquirers opponents ; As -S has often been said , there is danger in over peciali z a i n O ne i o t o . advantage the sp ec alist no d ubt pos o n sesses . By concentrating his attention a small o f it b section a subject , is more possi le for him to have thorough kno w ledge within such limits than w ould be possible if he divide his attention over a larger area . But what he gains in thoroughness he is apt to o lose in breadth . He is apt to sacrifice proporti n and o f the relationship of part to part , for the sake W S S e depth . hatever may be aid in favor of p ciali z atio n for the sake of those who have no t the o p p o r tu nit to S h o u b enefitted y pecialize for themselves , t gh e S n by the r sults , we hould ever forget that truth with regard to any subject has many parts , and “ “ these parts being many , are one body ; that if ” one member suffer (as the result of claiming too “ ’ much f o r o nepart) ; all the members suffer with it : and that the Specialist should acknowled ge limita bi i tions , lest his very a l ty should prove hurtful . The personal element has a great deal to d o with the preferences o f d ifferent people as t o point of ne f . O View man su fers from ill health , begins the b enefitted and Vegetarian diet for a change , is ,

T H E 7 4 VEGETARIAN .

nd by humanitarian a ethical arguments , as to try h a Vegetarianism . T ey dmit the truth of what is r e said , a sorry for all the brutality , but do not think the Vegetarian position is tenable from the stand f ff t point o food value . They cannot a ord o lose S ar e strength . uch people already converted to the n and huma itarian ethical View . Their objections d e u s1o ns met and l have to be . These can only be c met by reference to the facts , viz . , the onstituents o f h Vegetarian food compared with fles , quotations n from scie tists to back up the statements made , ref erenceto the hard w ork undertaken by many Vege tar ians o f t and the length their lives , ogether with

the healthiness of Vegetarians generally . The man w h o is best equipped in this branch o f study will be i So t most successful w th such people . with hose m S o f who , often fro no pecial possession Virtue or a e ltruism on th ir part , sympathize with and View the m atter in the h umanitarian and ethical aspects ; the man best fitted to help them is the man who can meet objections and enforc e his arguments in a mas

terly We . o u r way . must both choose weapons and ab le' be to use them . While the personw h o becomes a Vegetarian from health or dietetic motives is - al most certain to become m i t as m a Hu anitar an la er on , he who starts _ a Hu an itar ian Sh ould avoid restricting his range of Vision to sho u d as a it that aspect , and l , a vit l necess y , strive

” - u n o A S to be reasonably well p o the fo d question . the real and most keenly - contested issue is between t and i the heal h value of flesh Vegetarian d et , all Vegetarians should train themselves to cope with i opponents and enqu rers along th ese lines . N 1 THE VEGETARIA . 7 5

u b w Thereafter , the whole range of the s ject , hich n is is a large one , is open . And here , agai , there

- danger of being short Sighted . Besides the consider o f d ation food value and selection of foo , and atten tion to general hygienic conditions , there are such r pesonal questions as the results of consistency , the practical protest against cruelty in the Slau ghter c t - S houses and at le hips , the investigation and pre v entio n o f a - n h dise ses traceable to flesh eati g , the y I enI C o f o f g treatment disease , the cultivation the land in order to meet the increased demand for i grain , vegetables , and fruit caused by the grow ng abstinence from flesh , involving the consideration of n the la d question , enquiry into the cause of the drink - its n nt crave and preve tion , increased and i elligent f purpose ul interest in nature , and the increased de sire to live natural lives in contrast with the misera ble counterfeit imposed by modern commercialism , th elogic application of humanitarian principles to ‘ fellow - men and the Spirit of which such application is the result , and the desire to help rather than hurt f A ll in all sections o life . this prospect opens out to us if we will only strive not to keep our eyes fixed on o ne o f i little patch the question , and real ze the con nectio n o f ne all the parts with the whole , and the cessit o f e y k eping intact this connection . All sec ti ons o f advanced thought are but tributaries of the m o f W i ighty stream truth , and the time ll come when the co - operative co - partnership of each will be rec

o niz ed . g by all . Then intelligent blending will take the place of separateness and competition for prece

dence , unity the place of divisions and antagonisms . — The e etar ian vi w Vg M essenger and Re e . 1 6 T H E 7 VEGETARIAN .

W M ’ T h e J . . SCOTT CO P A NY . L d . r 4 0 J o h n St eet , New Y o r k C ity, 0 n 0 o in 0 f r O St am p s a d C s o C o llect o r s . The largest stock of American and Foreign Stamps 11 and Coins 1 the trade . They are always Open to purchase rare stamps or O ld a coins at equitable prices . collections speci lly ' e Sa desired for imm diate cash or for le at auction . ’ W. c t t m J . S o s Bes t A lb u .

P 2 0 0 ac rices $ , and upwards , cording to binding

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' Contains many valuable articles on the subject s-ind o r would make a suitable present f , Vegetarians or i think ng people .

T HE PE RFE C T WAY IN DI E T.

A tr eatise ad cat n a r etu r to th e natu r al and vo i g ‘ n i anc ent food of o u r r ace. B Y

D ct r o f M edici e Of the Facu lt o Paris o o n y f , 5 r Sixth Ed itio n, 1 8 9 . P ic e 7 se. , Po s t Fr ee

H 4 h N flf THE VEGETARIAN PUBLI S ING C O 0 Jo nSt ew Yo .

‘ - L N N. v. J o s. HO LM ES PR 7 3 7 9 FU TO sm , ,

T H E VEGETARIAN .

Ho w I Bec am e 21 Veget ar ian.

S d Ve e ome , time ago I promised the e itor of the g tar i an an account of my experience as a Vegetarian . T his I no w proceed to give : T h e n b experience bega a out twenty years ago , i when I was seventeen to e ghteen years old . I was then I n business at Liverpool -b th at town most u h ideal in every way— and already interes t ed in things i w relig ous and social ; not , ho ever , to the neglect of th e S o f d id o f ro w physical ide life , for I a good deal a ing , swimming and w lking “ Among many new ‘ ‘ —e s m ideas , such as n ce sarily co e in the way of every

- n i i n i et s newly e qu r g m nd , Veg ariani m came in my h n o w o w . way ; , I cannot remember I found it f ad i i b all cir laughed at as a , an imposs bil ty, y my and l a o w n cle , felt a litt e shamed of my inward sense of its rightness At this time I went no fur n ther than lunching at a Vegetarian restaura t , and ‘ m f o that restaurant bears at least som e of th e b la e. r te m t . o my giving up , af r a time , all atte p t practice in th e d ~ a iet . Many bad , gre sy dishes disgusted and “ “ distressed me ; at last a Vegetar ian r oast goose

overthrew me . r i Twelve years o so passed . Dur ng that time I lived a double life ; on the o nehand busy in co m m n - n th e merce , o ey maki g ; on other hand passing Of i through stage after stage study , conv ction , and o f S i i active work , peak ng and writ ng on those relig ious and social questions which had occupied me h e the d e from t first . At last contra iction b tween 1n my life commerce and that true life , the Christian s h it m so d is life as Jesu taug t , beca e apparent , so 1 THE VEGETARIAN . 7 9

n o n E m tressi g , that returning to ngland fro an i e h ’ in S e ghte n mont s residence the United tates , I n abandoned commerce entirely , feeli g I must let the truth I saw t ake my life in hand and do with me d E what it wou l . My family and I settled in the ast “ o f A n end London , where I presently wrote The atomy of Misery , a book which brought me into L eo b relation with Tolstoi . This ook and other w ritings of mine are no t unknown to Vegetarians “ and any point of interest this present Confession m a f o r t : h u y have hem , is just in this T at I fo nd Vegetarianism to be a necessary and inevitable part o f O ne the general progress of my mind and life . i no t i S w i s mply could th nk , peak and write of good ll “ among men , of that new sense of life , the love h and v whic is the spirit of the true life , ad ocate that ” kingdom of heaven on earth w hich is to bring an t and t end of priva e property in land capi al , competi m i i in tion in co merce , m l tarism , and brute force the ordering of society— one could not do this and feel h t o f n comfortable in the slaug er a imals . Consider atio ns of economy and health have never weighed a o t t m u n j in my mind upon this mat er ; si ply , it is t — i — to pleasan be ng cruel , contrary to good feeling l ' h kill animals for food , more especial y when ot er b food is abundantly obtaina le . Family habits - and the personal habit of meat - eat in g retarded pro gress very much , but now meat is , and in for years has been , unknown our house . The doctor we have needed only once (for a poisoning) in m any years . In every respec t the diet has produced th e best results among us , and , to say the least , u E w . I meat co ld no t do more ven now , ho ever , 1 8 0 THE VEGETARIAN . cannot say that I am an utter and uncompromis ing V ne egetarian . Travelling about much makes o a a and a guest at m ny tables , on occasions when only _

' ar e set potato , white bread and meat out , and a sub stantial — SO meal is wanted well , I have not far felt it necessary to makemy host o r hostess u nco m f o r ta i ble and myself incompetent . But such occas ons are rare , and may be made the opportunity of mak ing one ’s habits and feelings known in a way not the f B u t no t less e fective for being conciliatory . I am recommending this practice to others w h o may lie under a stricter sense of duty .

' And now may I use th e Opportunity to further illustrate a fact always to be insisted upon to Vege tar ians and humanitarians ? The fact is this : That the profoundest results in humanisation of life are r S yielded by the di ectest , implest , completest accept t ance of and insistence upon , the fundamental tru h li eis love and o u r w or h ain li e is to s u r r ender that f , f all to love . Accept this , deal with it in the obvious o ? best way Of first things first , and what f llows : o f This that a man finds the first line evil , which h is must be attacked in own life and in society , to be ’ mans inh u manity to MAN ; he becomes op posed to m our property syste , under which rich and poor are m r created , to our competition in co merce , our c ea

' - . tion by law of crime , our military murder system h He becomes , in s ort , revolutionary to the present i t constitution of soc ety , jus as the first Christians S were to a imilar system . W ith such a man , Vegetarianism sooner or later So i SO . inevitably asserts tself . it was in my case

h s . i it was t at on my fir t knowledge of Leo Tolsto , I

1 8 2 THE VEGETARIAN . tal truths o f life from a partial appreciation of which each separate movement Spi ings ? In this the Vege S tarian ocieties , or the Humanitarian League , might well lead the way . W Y JOHN C . KEN ORTH . P r N E . The Colony , urleigh , . Maldon , ssex Th e Ve etar ian L ond on g , .

- lns t inc t iv e Veget ar ianis m .

Bv E W . H . LLEN BRO NING In some people Vegetarianism is the result of is principle ; in others it the result of circumstances , whilst others adopt it as a matter of health . A few no t of us are Vegetarian by instinct , though possibly in practice , from one cause or another , and it was no t I th e until , became intimately acquainted with south - western portion of France that I realized h o w much O f this instinctive Vegetarianism there is in th e certain parts of world . Here , though on the o o f S in very c nfines pain , the food of the people is not t S it the faintes degree panish ; yet , on the other hand , f b e is not truly French . There is as much di ference tween the food of Paris and Biarritz as th ere is between the argot of the former and the p atois of the latter .

’ As far south as Bo r d eau x th er e is not much that is characteristic either in the physical aspect o f the country , the people or the food . You might imagine

in o r . yourself Normandy , or Chalons , Dijon How t i S . ever , after pass ng Jean de Val you plunge into i i i the m dst of seem ngly endless p ne forests , and 8 THE VEGETARIAN . 3 gradually you begin to feel that someh o w France is losing its iden tity as France and developing into “ the Pyrenean regions . Wh i s i t y , by the way , that mountains have such a strong influence o n the character and habits o f ? SO people much influence , indeed , that people who n evertheless belongto the same nationality , take on “ “ ” v w a distincti ely highland or lo land character , no t as the case may be . There is much costume to catch the eye , still you cannot help feeling in some b mysterious, inexplica le way , that the peasantry of the Pyrenean district are quite different from those o ne in the plains . As gets nearer to the coast their h m p ysique changes , and by the ti e one reaches the ‘ Shores of the Bay of Biscay the special type of this region h as become so distinct that it is qui te easy to k o u t pic them from a group of mixed nationalities . Both men and women have strong faces with well u i marked features , good eyes , bea tiful ha r , and

m - u e fir w . , ell knit fig res , though they are not v ry tall i ar e In disposit on they proud and rather unforgiving , b u t - good tempered , merry of heart , and quite deter mined to take life as cheerfully as possible and enjoy h w t emselves as far as their means will allo . This latter fact is very patent to everybody R I S France is a oman Catholic country , and Lent held to b e a penitential season by most Roman

Catholics . It is penitential here , too , in some ways . ‘ Fasting and prayer are the Order o f the ' day every W ’ n ednesday and Friday , and ma y sermons are h 1 P W - preac ed dur ug assion eek , but from Mi Careme w i - on ards every Sunday s a feast day . During the afternoon and evening th e streets are full o f people 1 8 4 THE VEGETARIAN . listening to the bands that play in th e principal e con etti squar s , throwing f , laughing , flirting , joking , i o n rid ng roundabouts , shrieking with delight in the n cars of the switchback railways , singi g , regaling ’ themselves with pig s feet , sausages , sweet cakes and n oranges , smoki g cigarettes , playing a game rather “ - fives i n r like , wh ch is the natio al spo t , and is eu de Pau me i called the j , and otherwise disport ng themselves .

Men , women and children all seem to be bubbling

“ over with gaiety and full of vitality , particularly S amongst the lower classes . till , that they know O ne how to work as well as play is equally certain . maid here does as much work as three E nglish ser r Sh e u vants , and what is mo e , gets through it q ickly ,

O f . does it well , and is hardly ever out temper Yet , on the other hand , I must admit , it is better not to l l . enquire too c osely into their mora s Moreover , your cook does all the -marketing for th e household m n and Sh e every orni g , considers herself perfectly justified , not only in getting a small percentage - l al from all the trades peop e you deal with , but so in cheating you to the extent of a few pence on each sh e o u i b e article buys . If y kick against th s , she comes fu riously indignant and declares she is not a s in thief neverthele s , you find that the prices of th gs ‘ fall next d ay in an u naccountable manner ; but t hey rise again in an equally unaccountable way until another little scene brings them down again . d Meat is dear in this part of the worl , ten to four

. teen pence per pound , and not even good at that su ffi Fish , poultry and rabbits are less dear , but not ciently cheap to be within the means Of the lo w er

1 8 6 THE VEGETARIAN .

P n otatoes boiled , cut i to slices , and served with melted butter sauce poured over them constitu te another favorite dish .

E - no t ggs are very cheap , Often they do cost more SO than sevenpence or eightpence a dozen , they sometimes form part of the supper menu either d i su r le lat poache , bo led hard or baked p . As a i i change of diet , good housew ves g ve their fam ilies sometimes thick slices O f hot maize - cake

“ S o f pread with fat or butter , or lay a tiny bit ’ e o n cheese on each person s bread . Th n fete days everybody eats oranges at this time of the year . r Later on everybody will eat cherries , g apes , apples and m plums as each fruit co es into season ; but , f i i n rom Christmas time till the beg nn g of May , oranges are the only fruit accessible to the “lower classes excep t nuts and chestnuts . Then naturally E W S ’ at the Fairs of aster and hitsuntide , at the aints o f h day festivals the c urches and on such occasions , - - n there are custard tartlets , almond ri gs , gilded gin er b read br ioch es - b o nbOns g , , sugar candy , chocolate , and a dozen other things which are eaten by every a body as matter of course , and with the very great i est rel sh by big and little of both sexes . P th e n a ersonally , I incline to Opi ion th t these peo ple are really to a great extent instinc t ive Vegetat i ans from the fact that servants who h ave the chance i m i iz v . of eat ng eat tw ce a day , , for lunch and din i ner , very seldom avail themselves of th s privilege . If you attempted to “ defraud them of their wine i e or the r daily loaf of br ad , or their morning and f t afternoon co fee , there would be a terrible insurrec ion , but where meat is concerned they are absolutely f n w k indi fere t , and no matter hat they may be coo ing o for the family meals , they always find time and p o r tu nit p y to make a vegetable sou p for themselves , which co stSo n an average a penny to twopence per to u d S o f head , according the ingredients se . ome ‘ i w a ar e these soups , wh ch , by the y, almost as thick as stews and really form a substantial meal , are to r eci excellent in flavor . The only kind I fail ap p ateis fennel soup . w e E Fennel , which employ very seldom in nglish cookery , seems to be much liked here . They even i chop it up with lettuce , end ve , watercress , mint , “ parsley and shallot into a salad , dressed with r een- vinegar , sugar and cream . In making g pea

! soup the pods are used as well as the peas , and this fashion o f preparing it gives the soup far more u flavor . A so p made from lettuce and broad beans i s P citr o n most delicious , too . umpkin soup , called elle “ , is also very good , eaten either with salt or I t sugar . is made with milk instead of water and be a can eaten lmost all the year round , as pumpkins — f h e e etar ian ond b n . V L . keep till May g ,

T h e A nnu al Pic nic

Of thePh iladelph ia Vegetar i anSociety

Was at W G and held illow rove , on the afternoon n 1 1 8 eveni g of Thursday , June 5 , 9 9 . The Vegetar S i t ian oc ety , New York , was especially invi ed and

. W S n Mr John . cott , preside t ; Mrs . Margaret Havi - i l land , vice pres dent ; Mr . Arthur Havi and , honor i th e S ary and act ve secretary of New York ociety , and Wi . Y Mrs Henry lhelm , of Brooklyn , N . . , were f P i i present . Members and friends o the h ladelph a S W P i Ger Vegetarian ociety from est hiladelph a , m anto w n Frankford and other arts of the cit ’ 2 st o r m co m in it at O clock , but a g up rendered _ nec 0 essary to adjourn to the large pavilion where , at 5 . 3 ’ o i o cl ck , a Vegetarian picn c was served . The menu was practically and merrily discussed d Re n v . S highly enjoyed , after which Henry . Clubb o f S president the Vegetarian ociety of America , call ed the meeting to order , and welcomed in a cordial m h ad anner the guests from New York , and all who i u O f th H co n r atu come from var o s parts e city . e g t h e lated them on the experience of past year , in which the record Of prominent events had added to the testimony in favor of the principles of the Socie t : Ger y. In athletics in the walking matches of in San many ; the bicycle races of New York , Fran E cisco and recently in ngland , where a Vegetarian Bicycle Club has j u st awarded a gold medal to George O lley , a Vegetarian of four years , for having , made 3 2 5 miles over the hilly roads Of Surrey in twenty four hours ; all th ese trials of strength had estab lish ed h the fact in the public records , t at in cases of - no protracted endurance , flesh eating could t compete i nd wi th Vegetarian train ng . For grace a beauty we have the exp ei ience and testimony o f the two emi i i E nent prima donnas , L l Lehman and mma Calve , e n both having been restored to h alth , vigor and bea “ t S s y, as the latter expressed it , by pade and pota toes . - a W . S Mr . John cott, the president of the New S E i York Vegetarian ociety , who is a stalwart ngl sh e w his man , said he had for y ars orked at business m to o th e fro fourteen twenty h urs a day , six days in i i . week , and posit vely never felt fat gue He had l always enjoyed excellent hea th , but attributed his ability to stand the strain o f b u SineSS for over 1 0 0 hours a week to his Simple habits of diet . Although he did not entirel y abstain from animal p roducts all the day , and the close confinement of the animals had killed them . o n o r They could get no air the train boats , and i f o r ff when the t me came them to su ocate, their agonized position made them mad . The evidence that the sunstruck animals had actu to ally gored one another get at the edge of the car , where they thought there might be air to keep th em alive , was seen when the car was Opened . Many o f the steers were lying down with others

’ piled o n top Of them in just th e p o sitio n they had o f in died , and the horns some were sticking the S ides of others . Many o f the animals had been wounded by their - i T h e car mates in the fearful struggle to l ve . weak est went to the bottom first .

C au t io nar y Su gges t io ns .

BY R E V M P W . . THE . ENN ALCOTT

ffi In advocating reforms , it is exceedingly di cult to u alifica be loyal and forcible , yet make proper q ' i tions . No cause can be permanently establ shed and advanced save by solid and impregnable argu “ and h i O . ments . nly truth is mighty , s all preva l o th ei s In c ommon with , the writer has sometimes “ m a i O f n s . asserted that what he eats course , in i there is a measure of truth th s , but we may for get that food is thoroughly reduced to elements Organic elements at least - in the process of assimila no t tion , that it does convey character , either physi

o r . cal moral , from one organism to another A man is not necessarily a h o g because h is food may be

‘ “ largely from that animal , nor small potatoes , if ‘ i th e h en to be his food . Cann bals would not be become braver by consum ing the hearts o f great war h o f riors . At letes cannot be made merely by a diet

muscle . O ne strong argument against animal food is found in the physical wastes and poisons o f dead flesh ; another is the ethical influence o f k illing and eating

living creatures ; yet this latter needs qualification. Such are the complexities o f human environment a and the counter cting influences Often in force , that

- - no hard and fast rules can be laid down . G e E Thus the r enland skimo , almost exclusively flesh - i m eaters , are , as a tr be , singularly ild and i is peaceful . The shedd ng of blood almost unknown R o n among them . Nansen , ink and others dwell t this . The former says : They have the bes dispo ’ S i G it ou of all od s creatures . There are no wo rds of “ abuse in their language . Again he says : They ' t o - hold it atrocious kill a fellow creature ; therefore , i war is in their eyes incomprehens ble and repulsive , a thing f o r which their language has no word ; and soldiers and o fli cer s brought up to the trade o f kill r ing they regard as mere butchers . The w iter has been in Greenland enough to obser ve and endorse

this mildness of disposition . O n t h e O ther hand , Vegetarian races have some s times been ingularly cruel . The bull fights of the Spanish peoples and th e history of their wars is in R point . The Chaldeans , Assyrians and omans were nations O f great cruelty according to sacred and p r o

fane history . Yet Rawlinson and others Show that at least the common people among them rarely i h eir ‘ d i tasted flesh . Certa nly we may see that t et no t did make them weak races . i Cannibal sm , with but little exception , has been — c onfined to the fruit and vegeta ble eaters o f the O tropics . ther such anomalies may be noted . But all these are only exce p tions to a clear law of ten i i n deney . They are but edd es a great stream , and doubtless their local causes might be found . But they Should teach us to be cautio us and judicial in our claims . Alcoholic intemperance is common among Vege O f w e tarian tribes Mexico and Japan . Thus learn that while o u r less stim u lating diet certainly gives very great advantage in the conflict with this vice , it ma y not be all we need . -flo u r Before the days of entire wheat , the writer , getting along as best he could at hotels and board in to o - flo u r g houses , was confined largely to starch food . Though he has never in his life consciously o r tasted flesh , fish fowl , yet under these conditions f O he su fered mildly , but decidedly and ften , from

no w . i t rheumatism ; , w th be ter bread , he never feels e flesh - . it Ther fore , c_ an it be truly said that eating is the sole cause O f rheumatism ? ff m The Vegetarian may su er fro other ailments ,

trifling or serious . For myself, I have learned that S i ff though I have never used p ces , butter , tea , co ee - o or medicine , yet if I over eat , fail of pr per mastica

tion , use concentrated aliments , or allow my food to i d on e be ev l in any of its qualities or con iti s , Natur law protests . Because we keep one great of health , we cannot with i mpunity break any of the rest ; if i l u s we do , the d suse Of flesh wil not save from the W S penalty . hatsoever a man soweth , that hall he

also reap . i i e But Vegetar an sm , to thos who turn from their i e errors , w ll wonderfully mitigate the sentenc

i . u aga nst an evil work It is a f ndamental reform , w f and al ays a great and blessed aid to health , e fect — iveness and joy in the service of Go d The Vegeta and Review r ian M essenger .